Input and Second Language Acquisition
[Abstract] The behaviorist, the mentalist and the interactionist have differentemphases on the role input in Second Language Acquisition. In order to protrude theimportance of second language teaching, it is indispensible to discuss thecharacteristics of input and to explore its effects.
[Key words] InputSecond Language AcquisitionC haracteristicsEffects
1.Different emphases on the role input in Second Language Acquisition
Ellis distinguishes three different views about the role of input: the behaviorist,the mentalist and the interactionist.
Behaviorists reject the idea of ‘mind’ as an object inquiry; they ignore theinternal processing which takes place inside the learner. They propose a directrelationship between input and output.With stimuli, the person speaking to the learnergives the models of specific linguistic forms and patterns which the learnerinternalize s by imitating them.Children are considered to study through intimating.Feedback takes the form of positive reinforcement or correction, depending onwhether the learner’ s output is perceived to be target-like.
Mentalist theories emphasize the importance of the learner’ s black box.Everylearner is equipped with a LAD including innate knowledge of essence and structureof human language.Although input is the vital condition for L2 acquisition, it only atrigger that set off internal language processing instead of having no direct effects. Inother words mentalists believe that input triggers the internal general grammaticalsystem of learners to make acquisition.
The interactionist theories are divided into two different types.One is cognitiveinteractionist theories and the other is social interactionist theories. The formerfocuses on the complex interaction of the linguistic environment and the learner’ sinternal mechanisms and believes that acquisition is seen as a product of interaction ofthe learners’ psychological ability and language input.A common assumption is thatinput does have a determining function in language acquisition,but only within theconstraints imposed by the learner’ s internal mechanism.The social interactionisttheories emphasize that verbal interaction is of crucial importance for languagelearning and acquisition is made through communication between learners.However,many cognitive interactionist theories also see social interaction as the primarymechanism of mental reorganization.
2.The characteristics of the input in SLA
PIGYun是成立于2019年的国人商家,提供香港、韩国和美西CUVIP-9929等机房线路基于KVM架构的VPS主机,本月商家针对韩国首尔、美国洛杉矶CUVIP-AS29、GIA回程带防御等多条线路VPS提供6-8.5折优惠码,优惠后韩国首尔CN2混合BGP特惠型/美国洛杉矶GIA回程带10Gbps攻击防御VPS主机最低每月14.4元起。下面列出几款不同机房VPS主机配置信息,请留意不同优惠码。...
Megalayer 商家算是比较新晋的国内主机商,主要方向是美国、香港、菲律宾等机房的独立服务器为主,以及站群服务器和显卡服务器。同时也有新增价格并不是特别优惠的VPS云服务器。上午的时候有网友问问有没有CN2线路的美国独立服务器的,这里我推荐他选择Megalayer看看,目前也是有活动截止到月底的。Megalayer 商家创办2年左右时间,如果我们初次使用建议月付体验。目前在进行且可能截止到6月...
最近看到群里的不少网友在搭建大数据内容网站,内容量有百万篇幅,包括图片可能有超过50GB,如果一台服务器有需要多个站点的话,那肯定默认的服务器50GB存储空间是不够用的。如果单独在购买数据盘会成本提高不少。这里我们看到腾讯云促销活动中有2款带大数据盘的套餐还是比较实惠的,一台是400GB数据盘,一台是800GB数据盘,适合他们的大数据网站。 直达链接 - 腾讯云 大数据盘套餐服务器这里我们看到当前...