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9UniversalRadioCommunicationTesterR&SCMU200WCDMAgeneratorforfasttestingof3GmobileradiosThefirstpublicWCDMA(FDD)networktotheNTTDoCoMostandardwentintooperationinJapaninOctober2001,soanincreaseintheproductionofmobilephonescanbeexpectedfortheyear2002.
Inmid-2001already,Rohde&SchwarzpresentedthefirstUniversalRadioCommunicationTesterR&SCMU200withWCDMAmeasurementfunctions.
Thefollowingarticleillustrateshowtomakeexcellentuseofthistesterinthedevelopmentandproductionof3Gmobileradios.
AlltheessentialsforproductiontestsTheBER*–andforpacketswitchingservicestheBLER–isofparticularimpor-tancewhencheckingthereceiverchar-acteristicsofmobilephones.
Receiversensitivitycanbemeasuredatverylowgeneratorlevels;athighlevelsyoudeter-mineoverdrivingstrength.
Thesemea-surementsaredescribedin3GPPTS34.
121section6[1].
TheWCDMAoptionsfortheR&SCMU200provideallkeyfunctionsforproductiontestsandcanbeadaptedtotherequiredtestfunctionsintwosteps(FIG1).
UnidirectionalBERmeasurementDuringaunidirectionalBERmeasure-ment,thetestertransmitsondifferentchannels,towhichtheDUT–amobileorsimplyamodule–synchronizesintimeorfrequency.
TheDPDCHchannelcontainsaselectabledatasequence,forinstancearandomPRBS9.
A3GPPmobileselectsthissequencefromthedemodulateddatachannel,synchronizesitselfandindependentlycalculatesthedeviationsfromtheexpectedPRBS.
ThisyieldstheBER,whichcanbequeriedviaamobilephoneinterface.
Thismethoddoesnotrequirealinksetup,whichisanimportantadvantage.
Itisatime-savingfactorinthepro-ductiontest;inaddition,theBERmea-surementcanalsobeperformedonRF/layer1moduleswithouthigherlayers.
ThecurrentconfigurationoftheR&SCMU200enablesthesimultaneousoper-ationofuptofivechannels:P-CPICH,P-SCH,S-SCH,P-CCPCHandDPCH.
Thepowerofallchannelscanbesetsepa-rately.
TheP-CPICHservesasanabso-lutereference,whereasthepoweroftheotherchannelsisgivenasarelativevalue.
SincethereisnorealsignallingduringcommunicationwiththeDUT,theP-CCPCHcannottransmitcompleteBCHinformation;onlythesystemframenumberisincluded.
AmobilephonecansynchronizetothisandidentifytheR&SCMU200astheUTRAN.
3GPP-conformantconfigurationofpri-maryandsecondaryscramblingcodesispossible.
TheprimaryscramblingcodeaffectsonlyP-CPICHandP-CCPCH,whereasbothscramblingcodesareofimportanceforcodingtheDPCH.
TheP-SCHandS-SCHchannels,ontheotherhand,arenotscrambledandthusdonotnecessarilybehaveorthogonallytotheothercodechannels.
FIG1OptionsforupgradingtheR&SCMU200forWCDMAtestsModel/optionDesignationFunctionsR&SCMU200BasicmodelR&SCMU-U65/K65HardwareupgradeandTransmittermeasurementsonsoftwareWCDMAuplinksignalsR&SCMU-B66/K66HardwareupgradeandReceivermeasurements,BER/BLERsoftwareforWCDMAmeasurementwithevaluationdownlinkgeneratorinmobilephone,synchronization*Abbreviationsinthetextareexplainedintheboxonpage11.
NewsfromRohde&SchwarzNumber173(2002/I)10TheR&SCMU200providesmultipleset-tingsfortheDPCH,whichfarexceedtheRMCsspecifiedby3GPP(see3GPPTS34.
121appendixC).
Thechannelcodingmodeandthedirectdatainser-tionmodeareavailableonthephysicallayer(FIG3).
Ifchannelcodingisactive,anRMCspecifiedby3GPPistransmitted.
ThedatatobesentviatheDPCHisfedinatthetransportlayerandtransmittedtothephysicallayerafterthechannelcodingiscompleted.
Inthephysicalmodeforinstance,theDPCHdatafieldsarefilleddirectlyChiprate=3.
84MHzDatageneratorScramblingwithscramblingcodeRFSpreadingwithchannelizationcodeIFDUTPhysicalmodeRMCChannelcoderratematching,segmentation,interleaving,mappingFIG3DataflowindownlinksignalgenerationViterbidecodingR=1/3InformationdataCRCdetectionTailbitdiscard2ndinterleaving#1344#2344#176#276#376#476688804260Tail8CRC1624424430436011296Ratematching1stinterleavingCRCdetectionInformationdataTailbitdiscardViterbidecodingR=1/3DTCHDCCH688#1344#234430496RadioframesegmentationSlotsegmentation30ksymb/sDPCH(includingTFCIbits)Ratematching1stinterleaving0114282828011428282801282811428420344760114420761442034401420344760114Tail8CRC16RadioframeFN=4N+1RadioframeFN=4N+2RadioframeFN=4N+3RadioframeFN=4N142802828344017614FIG2CodingoftransportchannelsuptoDPCHinRMCwithdatarateof12.
2kbit/s(example)withaPRBS;theslotformatisuser-selectable.
ComparedtotheRMCs,evenhigherdataratesofupto960kbit/scanbetransmitted.
FortheDPCH,thechannelizationcodedeterminesthatpartofthecodedomaintobeusedfordatatransmissiontotheDUT.
TheR&SCMU200preventsentriesthatwouldoverlapwithotherchannelssuchastheP-CCPCH.
Referencemeasurementchannels3GPPdefinesstandardizedgeneratorparameters(TS34.
121,[1])andsocreatesauniformmeasurementenvironmentfortheDUT.
Thesereferencemeasurementchannelsareavailablewithdataratesof12.
2,64,144kbit/sand384kbit/s;theWCDMAgeneratoroptionofcoursegeneratesRMCswithallthesedatarates(FIG4).
AnRMCspecifieshowtocodetheuserdatafromthetransportlayerandhowtotransmitthemonthephysicallayer(FIG2).
Atthetransportlayer,thedataconsistsoftheDTCHandtheDCCH.
Allparametersrelevantforchannelcoding–suchastheTTI(timetransmissioninter-val)orthecodingmethod–arespecifiedina3GPPRMC.
Atthephysicallayer,forinstance,theDPCHslotformatisreadydefined.
ThetransmittercharacteristicsofaWCDMAmobilecanbedeterminedbythemeasurementfunctionsdescribedin[2].
Bysynchronizingtothegeneratorsignal,thetransmittermeasurementsarenotonlyperformedmorequickly;itisalsopossibletoselectaspecificslotnumbertobemeasured.
Thefrequencyerrorofthemobilephoneisdeterminedwithoutexternalsynchronization.
PerformanceinaWCDMAnetworkdependsongoodpowercontrol.
Herethenewlyaddedinnerlooppowermea-surement(FIG5)takeseffect,wherethetransmitpowerofthemobileiscontinuouslyincreasedanddecreasedinstepsbyTPCbitsfromthebasesta-tion.
TheR&SCMU200simulatesthisprocess,measuresthepoweranddeter-minesdeviationsfromthenominalvalue.
NewsfromRohde&SchwarzNumber173(2002/I)MOBILERADIORadiocommunicationtesters11AbbreviationsACLRAdjacentchannelleakagepowerratioBERBiterrorrateBLERBlockerrorrateBCHBroadcastchannelCRCCyclicredundancychecksumDCCHDedicatedcontrolchannelDLDownlink(signalfrombasestationtomobilephone)DPCCHDedicatedphysicalcontrolchannelDPCHDedicatedphysicalchannelDPDCHDedicatedphysicaldatachannelDTCHDedicatedtransportchannelEVMErrorvectormagnitudeFNFramenumberMEMagnitudeerrorPEPhaseerrorPRBS9Pseudorandombitsequencewithbitlength29–1P-CCPCHPrimarycommoncontrolphysicalchannelP-CPICHPrimarycommonpilotchannelPCDEPeakcodedomainerrorP-SCHPrimarysynchronizationchannelRMCReferencemeasurementchannelSEMSpectrumemissionmaskS-SCHSecondarysynchronizationchannelTFCITransportblockcombinationindicatorTPCTransmitterpowercontrolTTITimetransmissionintervalULUplink(signalfrommobilephonetobasestation)UTRANUMTSterrestrialradioaccessnetwork3GPP3rdgenerationpartnershipprojectREFERENCES[1]3GPPspecifications:www.
3gpp.
org[2]R&SCMU200:FirstWCDMAmea-surementfunctions.
NewsfromRohde&Schwarz(2001)No.
171,pp13–15CondenseddataofWCDMAoptionsforR&SCMU200Standard3GPP-FDD,testingmobilephonesTransmittermeasurementsModulationanalysisEVM,PE,ME,frequencyerror,I/Qoffset,I/Qimbalance,PCDEPowermeasurementmax.
,min.
,off,ILP(innerlooppower)SpectrummeasurementACLR,SEMCodedomainpowerGeneratordownlinksignal,P-CPICH,P-SCH,S-SCH,P-CCPCH,DPCHFuturefunctionsInadditiontothereadyimplemented,unidirectionalBERmeasurementdescribedabove,thereareplansforalayer1loopbackmeasurement.
Herethemobilereflectsbackthesignaltransmit-tedbytheR&SCMU200,whichcom-paresittothesignaloriginallysentandthuscalculatestheBER.
Sincenolinksetupisrequired,thismethodsavesconsiderabletime.
Animportantfuturefunctionalitywillbethelinksetup,wheretheR&SCMU200actsasabasestationtowhichthemobileregisterswithsubsequentcallsetup.
Here,too,aBERmeasurementcanbeperformedintheloopbackmode.
GottfriedHolzmann;ThomasZeisingFIG4R&SCMU200menufortransparentsettingofgeneratorparameterssuchasdatarateandbitsequencesFIG5InnerlooppowermeasurementNewsfromRohde&SchwarzNumber173(2002/I)
Inmid-2001already,Rohde&SchwarzpresentedthefirstUniversalRadioCommunicationTesterR&SCMU200withWCDMAmeasurementfunctions.
Thefollowingarticleillustrateshowtomakeexcellentuseofthistesterinthedevelopmentandproductionof3Gmobileradios.
AlltheessentialsforproductiontestsTheBER*–andforpacketswitchingservicestheBLER–isofparticularimpor-tancewhencheckingthereceiverchar-acteristicsofmobilephones.
Receiversensitivitycanbemeasuredatverylowgeneratorlevels;athighlevelsyoudeter-mineoverdrivingstrength.
Thesemea-surementsaredescribedin3GPPTS34.
121section6[1].
TheWCDMAoptionsfortheR&SCMU200provideallkeyfunctionsforproductiontestsandcanbeadaptedtotherequiredtestfunctionsintwosteps(FIG1).
UnidirectionalBERmeasurementDuringaunidirectionalBERmeasure-ment,thetestertransmitsondifferentchannels,towhichtheDUT–amobileorsimplyamodule–synchronizesintimeorfrequency.
TheDPDCHchannelcontainsaselectabledatasequence,forinstancearandomPRBS9.
A3GPPmobileselectsthissequencefromthedemodulateddatachannel,synchronizesitselfandindependentlycalculatesthedeviationsfromtheexpectedPRBS.
ThisyieldstheBER,whichcanbequeriedviaamobilephoneinterface.
Thismethoddoesnotrequirealinksetup,whichisanimportantadvantage.
Itisatime-savingfactorinthepro-ductiontest;inaddition,theBERmea-surementcanalsobeperformedonRF/layer1moduleswithouthigherlayers.
ThecurrentconfigurationoftheR&SCMU200enablesthesimultaneousoper-ationofuptofivechannels:P-CPICH,P-SCH,S-SCH,P-CCPCHandDPCH.
Thepowerofallchannelscanbesetsepa-rately.
TheP-CPICHservesasanabso-lutereference,whereasthepoweroftheotherchannelsisgivenasarelativevalue.
SincethereisnorealsignallingduringcommunicationwiththeDUT,theP-CCPCHcannottransmitcompleteBCHinformation;onlythesystemframenumberisincluded.
AmobilephonecansynchronizetothisandidentifytheR&SCMU200astheUTRAN.
3GPP-conformantconfigurationofpri-maryandsecondaryscramblingcodesispossible.
TheprimaryscramblingcodeaffectsonlyP-CPICHandP-CCPCH,whereasbothscramblingcodesareofimportanceforcodingtheDPCH.
TheP-SCHandS-SCHchannels,ontheotherhand,arenotscrambledandthusdonotnecessarilybehaveorthogonallytotheothercodechannels.
FIG1OptionsforupgradingtheR&SCMU200forWCDMAtestsModel/optionDesignationFunctionsR&SCMU200BasicmodelR&SCMU-U65/K65HardwareupgradeandTransmittermeasurementsonsoftwareWCDMAuplinksignalsR&SCMU-B66/K66HardwareupgradeandReceivermeasurements,BER/BLERsoftwareforWCDMAmeasurementwithevaluationdownlinkgeneratorinmobilephone,synchronization*Abbreviationsinthetextareexplainedintheboxonpage11.
NewsfromRohde&SchwarzNumber173(2002/I)10TheR&SCMU200providesmultipleset-tingsfortheDPCH,whichfarexceedtheRMCsspecifiedby3GPP(see3GPPTS34.
121appendixC).
Thechannelcodingmodeandthedirectdatainser-tionmodeareavailableonthephysicallayer(FIG3).
Ifchannelcodingisactive,anRMCspecifiedby3GPPistransmitted.
ThedatatobesentviatheDPCHisfedinatthetransportlayerandtransmittedtothephysicallayerafterthechannelcodingiscompleted.
Inthephysicalmodeforinstance,theDPCHdatafieldsarefilleddirectlyChiprate=3.
84MHzDatageneratorScramblingwithscramblingcodeRFSpreadingwithchannelizationcodeIFDUTPhysicalmodeRMCChannelcoderratematching,segmentation,interleaving,mappingFIG3DataflowindownlinksignalgenerationViterbidecodingR=1/3InformationdataCRCdetectionTailbitdiscard2ndinterleaving#1344#2344#176#276#376#476688804260Tail8CRC1624424430436011296Ratematching1stinterleavingCRCdetectionInformationdataTailbitdiscardViterbidecodingR=1/3DTCHDCCH688#1344#234430496RadioframesegmentationSlotsegmentation30ksymb/sDPCH(includingTFCIbits)Ratematching1stinterleaving0114282828011428282801282811428420344760114420761442034401420344760114Tail8CRC16RadioframeFN=4N+1RadioframeFN=4N+2RadioframeFN=4N+3RadioframeFN=4N142802828344017614FIG2CodingoftransportchannelsuptoDPCHinRMCwithdatarateof12.
2kbit/s(example)withaPRBS;theslotformatisuser-selectable.
ComparedtotheRMCs,evenhigherdataratesofupto960kbit/scanbetransmitted.
FortheDPCH,thechannelizationcodedeterminesthatpartofthecodedomaintobeusedfordatatransmissiontotheDUT.
TheR&SCMU200preventsentriesthatwouldoverlapwithotherchannelssuchastheP-CCPCH.
Referencemeasurementchannels3GPPdefinesstandardizedgeneratorparameters(TS34.
121,[1])andsocreatesauniformmeasurementenvironmentfortheDUT.
Thesereferencemeasurementchannelsareavailablewithdataratesof12.
2,64,144kbit/sand384kbit/s;theWCDMAgeneratoroptionofcoursegeneratesRMCswithallthesedatarates(FIG4).
AnRMCspecifieshowtocodetheuserdatafromthetransportlayerandhowtotransmitthemonthephysicallayer(FIG2).
Atthetransportlayer,thedataconsistsoftheDTCHandtheDCCH.
Allparametersrelevantforchannelcoding–suchastheTTI(timetransmissioninter-val)orthecodingmethod–arespecifiedina3GPPRMC.
Atthephysicallayer,forinstance,theDPCHslotformatisreadydefined.
ThetransmittercharacteristicsofaWCDMAmobilecanbedeterminedbythemeasurementfunctionsdescribedin[2].
Bysynchronizingtothegeneratorsignal,thetransmittermeasurementsarenotonlyperformedmorequickly;itisalsopossibletoselectaspecificslotnumbertobemeasured.
Thefrequencyerrorofthemobilephoneisdeterminedwithoutexternalsynchronization.
PerformanceinaWCDMAnetworkdependsongoodpowercontrol.
Herethenewlyaddedinnerlooppowermea-surement(FIG5)takeseffect,wherethetransmitpowerofthemobileiscontinuouslyincreasedanddecreasedinstepsbyTPCbitsfromthebasesta-tion.
TheR&SCMU200simulatesthisprocess,measuresthepoweranddeter-minesdeviationsfromthenominalvalue.
NewsfromRohde&SchwarzNumber173(2002/I)MOBILERADIORadiocommunicationtesters11AbbreviationsACLRAdjacentchannelleakagepowerratioBERBiterrorrateBLERBlockerrorrateBCHBroadcastchannelCRCCyclicredundancychecksumDCCHDedicatedcontrolchannelDLDownlink(signalfrombasestationtomobilephone)DPCCHDedicatedphysicalcontrolchannelDPCHDedicatedphysicalchannelDPDCHDedicatedphysicaldatachannelDTCHDedicatedtransportchannelEVMErrorvectormagnitudeFNFramenumberMEMagnitudeerrorPEPhaseerrorPRBS9Pseudorandombitsequencewithbitlength29–1P-CCPCHPrimarycommoncontrolphysicalchannelP-CPICHPrimarycommonpilotchannelPCDEPeakcodedomainerrorP-SCHPrimarysynchronizationchannelRMCReferencemeasurementchannelSEMSpectrumemissionmaskS-SCHSecondarysynchronizationchannelTFCITransportblockcombinationindicatorTPCTransmitterpowercontrolTTITimetransmissionintervalULUplink(signalfrommobilephonetobasestation)UTRANUMTSterrestrialradioaccessnetwork3GPP3rdgenerationpartnershipprojectREFERENCES[1]3GPPspecifications:www.
3gpp.
org[2]R&SCMU200:FirstWCDMAmea-surementfunctions.
NewsfromRohde&Schwarz(2001)No.
171,pp13–15CondenseddataofWCDMAoptionsforR&SCMU200Standard3GPP-FDD,testingmobilephonesTransmittermeasurementsModulationanalysisEVM,PE,ME,frequencyerror,I/Qoffset,I/Qimbalance,PCDEPowermeasurementmax.
,min.
,off,ILP(innerlooppower)SpectrummeasurementACLR,SEMCodedomainpowerGeneratordownlinksignal,P-CPICH,P-SCH,S-SCH,P-CCPCH,DPCHFuturefunctionsInadditiontothereadyimplemented,unidirectionalBERmeasurementdescribedabove,thereareplansforalayer1loopbackmeasurement.
Herethemobilereflectsbackthesignaltransmit-tedbytheR&SCMU200,whichcom-paresittothesignaloriginallysentandthuscalculatestheBER.
Sincenolinksetupisrequired,thismethodsavesconsiderabletime.
Animportantfuturefunctionalitywillbethelinksetup,wheretheR&SCMU200actsasabasestationtowhichthemobileregisterswithsubsequentcallsetup.
Here,too,aBERmeasurementcanbeperformedintheloopbackmode.
GottfriedHolzmann;ThomasZeisingFIG4R&SCMU200menufortransparentsettingofgeneratorparameterssuchasdatarateandbitsequencesFIG5InnerlooppowermeasurementNewsfromRohde&SchwarzNumber173(2002/I)
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