UniquecoralcommunityinthePersianGulfReceived:6September2008/Accepted:18October2008/Publishedonline:9November2008Springer-Verlag2008AfringingcoralcommunityatLarakIsland(26°53N,56°23E),situatedattheboundarybetweenthePersianGulfandGulfofOmanintheStraitofHormuz,isdescribed.
LittlepublishedinformationexistsaboutIranianreefsandtheirfaunaandsuchacoralcommunityhasnotyetbeenreportedinthePersianGulf(Shinn1976;SheppardandSheppard1991;Riegl1999;Sheppardetal.
1992;Rezaietal.
2004).
LarakIslandhasmainlysandyshoreswithpatchyreefdevelopmentmostlyinitsnorthernandwesternparts.
Thedescribedareaextendsabout1kmnortheastoftheIsland.
Thetidalregimeintheareaismixedandtidalrangemayreach4mduringtheyear.
Exposedtoairforafewhoursadayduringspringlowtide(Fig.
1a),thewholeshallowzone(<5m)coralcommunitywasdominatedbysoftcorals,suchasSinulariacompressa,S.
erecta(Fig.
1f),othersoftcoralspecies,andhardcorals,e.
g.
,Montiporacf.
danai,Platygyradaedalea,Stylophorapistillata(Fig.
1b–d),andFaviafavus.
Totallivehardandsoftcoralcoverinthiszonewas18and15%,respectively.
Adeepercoralzone(5–8m),dominatedbyAcroporadowningiandA.
khayranensis,occurreddownslopeto8mindepth(Fig.
1g)with78.
6%cover.
Belowthat,Sarcophytonsp.
(Fig.
1e),Junceellajuncea,andGonioporasp.
becomedominantandcontinueto11mdepth(Fig.
1g).
ThedescribedareaisofparticularecologicalimportanceanduniqueinthePersianGulf,assoftcoralsweredominantinthecoralcommunityandthattheycantoleratesuchharshenvironmentaluctuations,whichislikelyduetosomespecialmechanismsandchangesintheirphys-iology.
Itisnotknownwhetherthisstructurerepresentsatrueframeworkreeforwhetherthecoralssimplyfollowexistingmorphology.
ReferencesRezaiH,WilsonS,ClaereboudtM,RieglB(2004)CoralreefstatusinROPMESeaarea.
In:WilkinsonCR(ed)Statusofcoralreefsoftheworld.
AustralianInstituteofMarineScience,Townsville,pp155–170RieglB(1999)Coralsinanon-reefsettinginthesouthernArabianGulf(Dubai,UAE):faunaandcommunitystructureinresponsetorecurringmassmortality.
CoralReefs18:63–73SheppardCRC,SheppardALS(1991)CoralsandcoralcommunitiesofArabia.
FaunaofSaudiArabia12:3–170SheppardCRC,PriceA,RobertsC(1992)MarineecologyoftheArabianregion.
AcademicPress,CambridgeShinnEA(1976)CoralreefrecoveryinFloridaandPersianGulf.
EnvironGeol1:241–254K.
SamimiNamin(&)H.
RezaiK.
KabiriIranianNationalCenterforOceanography,EtemadzadehStreet,FatemiAve,P.
O.
Box:14155-4181,Tehran,Irane-mail:kaveh_s_n@yahoo.
comZ.
ZohariFacultyofMarineSciences,IslamicAzadUniversity,TehranNorthBranch,Tehran,IranFig.
1aShallowzonewasexposedduringlowtide,bMontiporacf.
danai,cPlatygyradaedalea,dStylophorapistillata,eSarcophytonsp.
,fSinulariaerecta,gSchematicproleofthedescribedarea123CoralReefs(2009)28:27DOI10.
1007/s00338-008-0442-zReefsites
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