discrepanciesrewrite

rewrite  时间:2021-01-25  阅读:()
*PROOFREADINGTIPSANDTECHNIQUESPresentedforthesummercourseinScienceEditingTexasA&MUniversitySusanE.
Aiello,DVM,ELSsusan@words-world.
netWordsWorldConsultingwww.
words-world.
net*Columnheadinatableaboutthecompetitor'sdrug:PatientExpirationDateInternationalPostageRageIncreaseThePostOfficewillincreasetheirinternationalrates,effective12:01A.
M.
onJuly9.
Lettersweighingnomorethanoz.
forCanadaandMexicowillbe.
46and.
40respectively,whilelettersweighingnomorethan1oz.
forCanadaandMexicowillbe.
52and.
46.
Allothercountrieswillcost.
60forlettersthatweighnomorethanoz.
,and$1forlettersthatweightnomorethan1oz.
Formoreinformation,callyoursiteMailingServices.
Talkingaboutasleepdisturbancesideeffect:"thelow-dozeresponse"Inanarticleaboutpetroleumtoxicity:"popedope"**BasicTechniques:ComparisonProofreadingDirectword-by-wordcomparisonof"dead"copy(previousversion)with"live"copy(newversion)"Live"copyshouldreflectanychangesmadeto"dead"copyEnsurenonewerrorsintroducedCanbedonesoloorasateam*ComparisonProofreading:SoloMostcommonmethodSlowestCheapestBestforshortcopyorspecialtype(eg,mathematicalformulas)*ComparisonProofreading:TeamFastestMostexpensiveMostaccuratefortables,longlistsofnumbers,deadcopythatishardtoreadMustreadeverything–words,punctuation,typedescription(caps,underline,bold,etc),changesinspacing,changesinindentationClearenunciation,steady,near-monotone,soft-spokentolowerfatigueCanusetapetodoyourself,buttimedisadvantage*BasicTechniques:NoncomparisonProofreadingNo"dead"copyMostcommonlyanelectronicfile"Dead"copyisavailable,butonly"live"copyisreadwordforwordNote:Proofingonscreenvsonhardcopyaffectsbothaccuracyandspeed!
*NoncomparisonProofreadingFastCheapEditorialquestionsmaybeunansweredIsdocumentcompleteAredataaccurateArepropernamesspelledcorrectlyLoweraccuracyEasytomissmistakes,eg,"not"guilty*NoncomparisonProofreadingForscientific,medical,orlegalmaterial,theproofreadershouldbeknowledgeableinthesubjectmatter;ifheorsheisnot,thematerialshouldalsobereviewedbyasubjectmatterexpert.
Manyjournalsleavefinalresponsibilityforaccuratelivecopywithauthor.
*BasicTechniques:ProofreadingversusCopyeditingProofreadershavealimitedlevelofauthority.
Usually,proofreadersarenotsubjectmatterexperts.
Authorsandeditorsretaintheauthoritytodecideonchanges.
*BasicTechniques:ProofreadingversusCopyeditingCopyeditorsCorrectanauthor'sworkPreparedocumentfornextstageinpublicationprocessProofreadersCorrectkeyboardoperator'sworkCorrectcompositor'swork*ObstaclestoGoodProofreadingFailuretodifferentiatefromeditingElectronicage,theInternet,e-mailTrackChangesTimeconstraints,ie,theneedforspeedDistractions,eg,visual,sound,etc*ComplicatingFactorsLengthandtechnicallevelofdocumentTablesFiguresandlegendsReferencesTypesize,font,andqualityElectronicallyregeneratedcopyNewcopyRekeyedcopyDeletingoraddingcopy(resultinginmoreorlessspace)*CharacteristicsofGoodProofreadersExcellentmemoryandabilitytoconcentrateFamiliarwithrelevanteditorialstyleExercisegoodjudgmentwhethertomark,query,orignoreExercisegoodjudgmentandsensitivityastodifferentstagesofcopy,deadlines,otherrequirementsAproofreaderwhoisalsothecopyeditorshouldfollowthesesameguidelines(withgreaterlevelofauthority).
*CharacteristicsofGoodProofreadersExcellentspellingabilityThoroughunderstandingofgrammar,punctuation,andsentencestructureUnderstandingoftypographicdetail;technicalknowledgeabouttype,pagedesign,printing,etc*ApproachingaProofreadingProjectProjectdeadlineLevelofauthorityassignedorexpectedNatureofthedocumentStageofthecopyPreviousreviewsOthersinvolvedlaterintheprocess(eg,whowillrespondtoqueries,producecleancopy,proofreadnextversion)*ProofreadforDeviationsfromdeadcopy(ifcomparisonproofread)InconsistenteditorialstylepunctuationcapitalizationNumberstyleabbreviationsunitsofmeasure.
useofitalics,bold,etcreferencesSequenceerrors(alphabeticalandnumerical)*ProofreadforTypos(omissionsofletters,transpositions,etc)MissingorrepeatedwordsorlinesNonstandardgrammarorpoorexposition(eg,incompletesentences,obviousomissionsordiscrepancies)IncorrectmathErrorsinequationsandformulas,includingsymbolsErrorsinheadings,captions,etcErrorsinreferences(eg,calloutdoesnotcorrespond)Errorsintables,graphs,charts(bothtextandgraphics)*ProofreadforTypespecifications/typestyleerrorsFormattingmisalignmentspacingerrors(eg,line,word,orletterspacing;notejustification)linebreaks,worddivisionerrorspositioningfaults(eg,unevenplacementofrunningheads,pagenumbers,etc)*ProofreadforMissingmaterial(pages,tables,illustrations,graphics)Blanksintext(whereitemsaretobeinserted)Mechanicalfaults(smudges,uneveninkcolor,registration,typequality,etc)*ProofreadaSecondTimeDon'treadforsenseTrydifferentmethodsandfindasystem"Read"backwardReadlinesfrombottomofpageupReadlinesfrommiddletotheend,andthenfromthebeginningtothemiddle*MyiasiscausedbylarvalstagesofCochliomyiahominivoraxisoneofthemostimportantectoparasiticproblemsintheNewWorld.
Itaffectsdomesticandwildanimals,includingpeople,inthetropicalandsubtropicalareasofLatinAmerica.
ItisfoundfromsouthernMexicotonorthernArgentina.
Economiclossesaredifficulttoestimate,butdifferentauthorshavegivenannualvaluesvaryingfromUS$100toUS$330million(Baumhover,1966,Horn,1987).
Femaleflieslayeggsondryareasaroundfreshwounds.
Theeggshatchquicklyand,underproperclimaticconditions,theparasitecancompleteitslifecycleinabout21days(FAO).
Iftheparasitepopulationishighandpreventivetreatmentisnotundertaken,mostofthecastrated,dehornedornewlyborncalvesmaysuffermyiasis.
Untreated,thecalvesmaydie,orweightgainwillbeseverelydepressed.
Inlatespring/summer,fliescanbesonumerousthatsomecommonpractices,suchascastrationanddehorning,aredelayeduntilcoldertemperaturesreducetheflypopulation.
*MyiasiscausedbylarvalstagesofCochliomyiahominivoraxisoneofthemostimportantectoparasiticproblemsintheNewWorld.
Itaffectsdomesticandwildanimals,includingpeople,inthetropicalandsubtropicalareasofLatinAmerica.
ItisfoundfromsouthernMexicotonorthernArgentina.
Economiclossesaredifficulttoestimate,butdifferentauthorshavegivenannualvaluesvaryingfromUS$100toUS$330million(Baumhover,1966,Horn,1987).
Femaleflieslayeggsondryareasaroundfreshwounds.
Theeggshatchquicklyand,underproperclimaticconditions,theparasitecancompleteitslifecycleinabout21days(FAO).
Iftheparasitepopulationishighandpreventivetreatmentisnotundertaken,mostofthecastrated,dehornedornewlyborncalvesmaysuffermyiasis.
Untreated,thecalvesmaydie,orweightgainwillbeseverelydepressed.
Inlatespring/summer,fliescanbesonumerousthatsomecommonpractices,suchascastrationanddehorning,aredelayeduntilcoldertemperaturesreducetheflypopulation.
*StandardProofreaders'MarksUniversallyunderstoodUsedtomarkerrorsintextandformat,ie,movingtypeandspaceMustbelegibleUsedifferentcolorinkthantextonpageNopencil!
Noredink!
*StandardProofreaders'MarksMarkerrorstwiceinthetexttoindicatethelocationofthecorrectioninthemargintoshowthecorrectionitselfIfmultipleerrors,markfromlefttoright,separatingmarksbyslashesUsebothmargins*StandardProofreaders'MarksItalicsvsunderlineCircleallinstructionsandexplanationstoindicatethattheinstructionisnottobetypesetCrossoutwithasinglelinesothatthedeletioncanbeseenandread*StandardProofreaders'MarksHehadcuteappendicitis.
*StandardProofreaders'MarksHehadacuteappendicitis.
Hehadacuteappendicitis.
*StandardProofreaders'MarksTheepiploicforamenisanaturalopeningboundedbythecaudatelobeoftheliver,theportalvein,andtheinteriorvenacava.
LinusPaulinglivedtobe93yearsodd.
Einstein'sprincipalofequivalencestatesthatitisimpossibletodistinguishbetweenaninertialforceandagravitationalone.
*StandardProofreaders'MarksGingivalgrowthsareusuallyrelativelyinsensitiveandhavethedensityofconnectivefibroustissue.
Its'associatedwithdiffuseinflammatoryinfiltratesinthelungsandapronouncedperipheraleosinophilia.
WhatisitItspulmonaryinfiltrationwitheosinophilia(PIEsyndrome.
)*StandardProofreaders'MarksProteolyticenzymesfromthestomachandpancreasdegradeproteinintoshort-chainoligopeptides,dipeptides,andproteinsaminoacids.
*StandardProofreaders'MarksProteolyticenzymesfromthestomachandpancreasdegradeproteinintoshort-chainoligopeptides,dipeptides,andproteinsaminoacids.
stet*StandardProofreaders'MarksProteolyticenzymesfromthestomachandpancreasdegradeproteinintoshort-chainoligopeptides,dipeptides,andproteinsaminoacids.
stet*QueriesMisspellings(ifunsureorcannotverify)Incorrectarithmetic(Note:Ifcolumnofnumbersdoesnotaddup,mustdeterminewhichnumber[s]isincorrect.
)Blatantlybadgrammar–notstyle(onlyifitwouldembarrassauthororeditor)Illogicalstatements(eg,33-weekvacation)Inconsistenteditorialstyle,includingpunctuation*QueriesWriteinmarginonlivecopyPost-itnotes–canfalloff,suggestrecordpagenumberonnoteQuerylist–askauthorwhetheracceptable;listshouldbetypedDon'teditorrewrite!
*QueriesSpecifylocationofproblemIndicatenatureofproblemIfnecessary,explainwhyitisaproblem.
Example:"Comparetopg7,line17.
Differentacronymused.
Shoulditbethesame""IsthisOK"isnotagoodquery.
""isevenworse.
*ProofreadingTablesCheckeverythingcheckedinregulartextTrydifferentmethodsandfindasystemProofcolumnheadsProofstubProofcolumnsProofrowsSpacingandalignmentaligncolumnsaccordingtocontentleft,center,decimalpoints,en-dashes*ProofreadingTablesUseofrulesandstraddlerulesArithmeticverifycalculationstranspositionslideerrors,ie,numeralsmistakenlyaddedoromittedConsistencyineditorialstyleFootnotes–calloutsintablesgolefttorightandtoptobottom*FrequentErrorsOmissionsandrepetitions,espatbeginningandendofoflinesHeadlines,titles,headings,etcNotusingaspellcheckerDependingonaspellcheckererrorsthatspellotherwords(eg,food/foot,its/it's)wordsthatsoundalike,butarespelleddifferentlyandhaveadifferentmeaning(eg,there,their)two-letterwords(eg,in,it,if,is)*ProofreadingMethodProofseparateitemsseparatelyanduseachecklist!
Mucheasierandmuchfastertoproofforaspecificitemonallpagesthanitistoproofforallitemsoneachpage.
Combiningtasksleadstoerrors.
Makealistofeachitemandcheckoffasyoucomplete.
*ProofreadingMethodHeadingsandsubheadingsRunningheadsTableofcontents–sequence,accuratepagenumbersTextTables,figures,references–sequenceandformatconsistencyGraphicelementsPagenumbers(folios)–sequence,accuracyinreferencesConsistencyofstyles(specification[spec]sheet)*ProofreadingOtherTypesetElementsLinebreaks:hyphenationPagebreaks:watchforsubheadsatbottomofpageOrphans:singlewordonanewlineWidows:singlelineonanewpage(orcolumn)*ProofreadingOtherTypesetElementsLongladders(stacksofline-endhyphens)andknotholes(identi-calcharactersstackeduponconsecutivelines)areneverdesir-able.
Howmanystackedhyphensareacceptablevariesamongpub-lishersandtypeshopsanddependsonthewidthofthelinemea-sure.
Standardsforblocksvarywiththenumberofcharactersandlinesinvolved.
Theyalsovarywiththetypographicfactorssuchaslinewidthandlinespacingandareoftenamatterofjudgmentratherthanofrule.
*ProofreadingOtherTypesetElementsRivers:verticalwhitespacesthatmeanderverticallydownthepageLakes:"pools"ofwhitespaceinterspersedthroughouttext*ProofreadingOtherTypesetElementsTheCrimeCrimeControlActof1973(PublicLaw93-83).
ThisActfurtherrefinedL.
F.
A.
A.
'sadministrativestructure,revisedblockanddiscretionaryfundingrequire-ments,expandedtheroleoftheNationalInstituteofLawEnforcementandCriminalJustice,andaddedsecurityandprivacyguidelinestosafeguardcriminalhistoryinformation.
*ProofreadingOtherTypesetElementsThecommission,anindependentagencyof12membersofCongressand3executivebranchofficialswhoevaluateandencouragecompliancewiththe1975agreementsignedby35nations,heldhearingsWednesdayandyesterdayonthehumanrightsguaranteesofindividual"freedomtopracticeandprofess…religionorbelief"and"ofequalitybeforethelaw"forminorities.
*ProofreadingOtherTypesetElementsLetterspacingletterswithinwordsgenerallyseparatedfromeachotherbythesameamountofspacewatchespeciallyforlargedisplaytypeinallcaps(headlines,titles,etc)certaincombinationsoflettersneedkerning(eg,AV)*ProofreadingOtherTypesetElementsLetterspacing*ProofreadingOtherTypesetElementsLetterspacing*ProofreadingOtherTypesetElementsTracking:spacebetweenwordsnormalwordspacingisaboutone-thirdofanemallwordspacinginasinglelineshouldbethesamewatchespeciallywhentextisjustifiedLeading:spacebetweenlinesoftypemeasuredinpoints*SpecificProofreadingTipsReadaloud(orwhisper)toyourself.
Improvesaccuracybecauseitforcesyoutolookateveryword.
Placeyourfingeroneachwordtoslowyourselfdown.
Concentrateononelineatatime(usearulerorindexcard).
Putitaway,andtryagainlater.
Adjusttheefforttothejob(coffee-machinememovsannualreport).
*MoreTipsfortheSeriousProofreaderEnsureyouhaveadequateroom(enoughforfourstacksofpaper)andgoodlighting.
Eliminatedistractions(eg,peopletraffic,talking,radio,TV,children,spouses…).
Proofonaninclinedsurface–muchlessfatiguing.
Investinagoodsleeppillow.
Breakeveryhourandlookintothedistance;takeawalk.
*MoreTipsfortheSeriousProofreaderCupyourhandsandplaceyourpalmsoveryoureyes.
Positionyourhandssothatnolightiscomingthrough.
Yourpalmcantouchyoureyelashes,butdonotputpressureonyoureyes.
Aslongthereisnolightcomingin,youcankeepyoureyesopenorclosed.
Now,relaxandimaginethatyou'relookingintothedistantnightsky.
After30-60sec,theeyestrainshouldbeless.
AnExercisetoReduceEyestrain–"TheDistantNightExercise"*MoreTipsfortheSeriousProofreaderKeepwordsandlinesaligned–movethepaperasneededtoaccommodate.
Tackcopyonwallandstandbacktolookatheadlines,titles,spacing,etc.
Lookatcopyupsidedownandsidewaystofindspacingerrorsandmisalignments.
*MoreTipsfortheSeriousProofreaderIfpossible,asksomeoneelsetoproofalso,especiallyifit'syourowncopy.
Withourowncopy,wetendtoseewhatwe"know"isthere,ratherthanwhatreallyisthere.
Printcopyinadifferentfont,adifferentlinelength,oronadifferentcolorpaper(goodfortextonly,notpagelayoutorspacing).
*ProofreadingProducingqualitydocuments/publicationstakesalotoftime,effort,andexpense.
KeystepinreviewprocessProofreadermaybelastpersontoseedocumentbeforepublicationQualityandcredibility

香港最便宜的vps要多少钱?最便宜的香港vps能用吗?

香港最便宜的vps要多少钱?最便宜的香港vps能用吗?香港vps无需备案,整体性能好,而且租用价格便宜,使用灵活,因为备受站长喜爱。无论是个人还是企业建站,都比较倾向于选择香港VPS。最便宜的香港vps能用吗?正因为有着诸多租用优势,香港VPS在业内颇受欢迎,租用需求量也在日益攀升。那么,对于新手用户来说,香港最便宜的vps租用有四大要点是务必要注意的,还有易探云香港vps租用最便宜的月付仅18元...

TmhHost 全场八折优惠且充值返10% 多款CN2线路

TmhHost 商家是一家成立于2019年的国人主机品牌。目前主营的是美国VPS以及美国、香港、韩国、菲律宾的独立服务器等,其中VPS业务涵盖香港CN2、香港NTT、美国CN2回程高防、美国CN2 GIA、日本软银、韩国cn2等,均为亚太中国直连优质线路,TmhHost提供全中文界面,支持支付宝付款。 TmhHost黑五优惠活动发布了,全场云服务器、独立服务器提供8折,另有充值返现、特价服务器促销...

EtherNetservers年付仅10美元,美国洛杉矶VPS/1核512M内存10GB硬盘1Gpbs端口月流量500GB/2个IP

EtherNetservers是一家成立于2013年的英国主机商,提供基于OpenVZ和KVM架构的VPS,数据中心包括美国洛杉矶、新泽西和杰克逊维尔,商家支持使用PayPal、支付宝等付款方式,提供 60 天退款保证,这在IDC行业来说很少见,也可见商家对自家产品很有信心。有需要便宜VPS、多IP VPS的朋友可以关注一下。优惠码SUMMER-VPS-15 (终身 15% 的折扣)SUMMER-...

rewrite为你推荐
美女桌面背景图片适合女生的电脑壁纸涡轮增压和自然吸气哪个好涡轮增压与自然吸气哪个好杀毒软件哪个好最好的杀毒软件?游戏加速器哪个好大家玩游戏用的都是什么加速器啊,哪个效果最好机械表和石英表哪个好石英表和机械表哪个好电视直播软件哪个好电视直播软件安卓tv版哪个好用二手车网站哪个好想买个二手车,去哪买比较好苹果手机助手哪个好最新版iphone助手 PP助手好用吗?电陶炉和电磁炉哪个好电陶炉和电磁炉哪个好手机杀毒哪个好手机杀毒软件哪个最好用
新加坡服务器 inmotionhosting omnis 免费名片模板 网通服务器ip 发包服务器 gg广告 hostker 免费美国空间 网游服务器 香港亚马逊 跟踪路由命令 starry 韩国代理ip 中国linux wordpress中文主题 服务器硬件配置 sonya alexa世界排名 hosting 更多