解析letitgo歌词

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考点3阅读理解科普知识类Passage1(2011全国卷IB)Thewordadvertisingreferstoanykindofpublicannouncementthatbringsproductsandservicestotheattentionofpeople.
Throughouthistory,advertisinghasbeenaneffectivewaytopromote(促进)thetradingandsellingofgoods.
IntheMiddleAges,merchantsemployed"towncriers"toreadpublicmessagesaloudtopromotetheirgoods.
Whenprintingwasinventedinthefifteenthcentury,pagesofadvertisements(ads)couldbeprintedeasilyandwereeitherhunginpublicplacesorputinbooks.
Bytheendoftheseventeenthcentury,whennewspaperswerebeginningtobereadbymorepeople,printedmaterialsbecameanimportantwaytopromoteproductsandservices.
TheLondonGazettewasthefirstnewspapertosetasideaplacejustforadvertising.
Thiswassosuccessfulthatbytheendofthecenturyseveralcompaniesstartedbusinessesforthepurposeofmakingnewspaperadsformerchants.
Advertisingspreadquicklythroughouttheeighteenthcentury.
Adwriterswerestartingtopaymoreattentiontothedesignoftheadtext.
Everything,fromclothestodrinks,waspromotedwithclevermethodssuchasrepetitionofthefirm'snameorproduct,wordsorganizedineye-catchingpatterns,theuseofprettypicturesandexpressionseasytoremember.
Neartheendofthenineteenthcentury,companiesthatweredevotedtotheproductionofadscametobeknownas"advertisingagencies(广告商)".
Theagenciesdevelopednewwaystogetpeopletothinkofthemselvesasmembersofagroup.
Throughoutthetwentiethcentury,advertisingagenciespromotedconsumerism(消费主义)asawayoflife,spreadingthebeliefthatpeoplecouldbehappyonlyiftheyboughtthe"right"products.
60.
WhatwasadvertisinglikeintheMiddleAgesA.
Merchantswereemployedtopromoteproducts.
B.
Admessageswereshoutedoutinpublicplaces.
C.
Productinformationwasincludedinbooks.
D.
Adsignswereputupintowns.
61.
Whatdoestheword"This"inParagraph2refertoA.
Advertisinginnewspapers.
B.
Includingpicturesinads.
C.
Sellinggoodsinmarkets.
D.
Workingwithadagencies.
62.
Thel8thcenturyadvertisingwasspecialinits______.
A.
growingspendingB.
printingmaterialsC.
advertisingcompaniesD.
attractivedesigns63.
WhichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetextA.
TheStoryofAdvertisingB.
TheValueofAdvertisingDesignsC.
TheRoleofNewspaperAdvertisingD.
TheDevelopmentofPrintingforAdvertising【文章大意】本文主要讲了广告的历史.
从中世纪的广告一直讲到20世纪的广告的情况.

60.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据第一段可知,在中世纪商人让人把广告大声读出来.
由此可知选B.

61.
【解析】选A.
词义猜测题.
根据This前面的内容可知,此处This指在报纸上给广告留出地方这件事.
故选A.

62.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
根据第三段可知,在18世纪,广告撰写人开始注意广告的内容,为各种产品设计出丰富多彩的广告.
故选D.

63.
【解析】选A.
主旨大意题.
本文主要讲了广告的历史.
所以选A.
Passage2(2011山东卷D)Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.
Brain-computerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.
Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicschoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated(展示)asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson'sthoughts.
Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.
Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.
"Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.
Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord(脊髓)tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.
Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles,"Tavellasays.
"Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.
"Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.
Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(头皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.
Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.
Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.
Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.
Prof.
Millan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.
"ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communication,andcontrollingdevices.
Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.
"Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.
Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.
Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.
71.
BCIisatechnologythatcan_____.
A.
helptoupdatecomputersystemsB.
linkthehumanbrainwithcomputersC.
helpthedisabledtorecoverD.
controlaperson'sthoughts72.
HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratoryA.
Bycontrollinghismuscles.
B.
Bytalkingtothemachine.
C.
Bymovinghishand.
D.
Byusinghismind.
73.
WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5A.
scalp→computer→cap→wheelchairB.
computer→cap→scalp→wheelchairC.
scalp→cap→computer→wheelchairD.
cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair74.
Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto_____.
A.
makeprofitsfromthemB.
provethetechnologyusefultothemC.
makethemlivelongerD.
learnabouttheirphysicalcondition75.
WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetextA.
Switzerland,theBCIResearchCenterB.
NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC.
BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD.
RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries【文章大意】本篇为科技报道,介绍在瑞士洛桑的研究人员正在从事的一项课题,将人脑与计算机连接起来,从而为那些行动受限的残疾人提供帮助,让他们能够与外界交流,也能让他们控制这一装置.

71.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
从文章第一段中的scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.
可知,BCI是一种可以将人的大脑和计算机连接在一起的技术.
72.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
从文章第都是三段中的Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand可知,在实验室里Tavella是通过思维来操作轮椅的.
73.
【解析】C.
细节理解题.
作者在文章第五段中描述了这种技术条件下信号传输的原理,由其中的Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(头皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.
Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.
可知,信号先由头皮发出,然后专门设计这个帽子接收信号,再把这个信号传给电脑,电脑再对此进行翻译,最后把指令发给电动轮椅.

74.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
从文章最后一段中的Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom可知,在用真正的病人进行实验的目的是要看是不是这项技术会真的让病人受益.

75.
【解析】选C.
本篇文章介绍了瑞士科技工作者从事的一项旨在帮助残疾人用思维来操作轮椅的技术研究,目的就让他们利用这项技术能与外界交流,因此标题只有C项符合要求.

Passage3(2011江西卷D)WhyshouldmankindexplorespaceWhyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefitsWhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarthThesearequestionsthat,understandably,areveryoftenasked.
Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup(基因构成)ashumanbeings.
Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossibleareasandenvironmentsThewiderthespreadofaspecies,thebetteritschanceofsurvival.
Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.
Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexplored,becausebydoingso,anydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.
Withoutknowledge,wemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.
Withknowledge,wecanlessenitseffects.
Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential(潜在的)resourcestobefound.
Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthem,theywillperhapsbeusefullater.
Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.
Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.
Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.
Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems.
Evennon-stickpansandmirroredsunglassesareby-products(副产品)oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespaceindustry!
Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationofspaceallowscreative,braveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.
Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers.
Thedangerexists,butknowledgecanhelphumanbeingtosurvive.
Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.
WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.
Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.
71.
WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1A.
Toexpresshisdoubts.
B.
Tocomparedifferentideas.
C.
Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.
D.
TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.
72.
WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2A.
Humansarenature-borntodoso.
B.
Humanshavethetendencytofight.
C.
Humansmayfindnewsourcesoffood.
D.
Humansdon'tliketostayinthesameplace.
73.
Theunderlinedword"spin-offs"inParagraph4probablyrefersto______.
A.
survivalchancesB.
potentialresourcesC.
unexpectedbenefitsD.
physicalpossessions74.
WhatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanetsA.
Ourgeneticmakeup.
B.
Resourcesontheearth.
C.
Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.
D.
By-productsinspaceexploration.
75.
WhichofthestatementscanbestsumunthepassageA.
Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.
B.
Spaceexplorationprovidedthebestvalueformoney.
C.
Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.
D.
SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.
【文章大意】人类由于受自身基因的驱使去探索太空,不管最终结果如何,在探索的过程使得我们能够发现潜在能源.
帮助我们解决其它的一些问题.

71.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
文章是典型的议论说明文,是提出问题,分析问题的套路.
第一段通过提出一系列关于太空探索利弊的问题引发讨论.
并不是真的有这些怀疑,也没有鲜明的正反观点,所以AB不对.
D偏差较远.

72.
【解析】选A.
主旨大意题.
第二段是典型的总分总结构,主旨句在段首段尾.
Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeupashumanbeings.
主要原因在于人类基因.
Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.
而B选项错在fight这个词.
CD没提及.
73.
【解析】选C.
词义猜测题.
根据spinoff前面的wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspinoff关键词benefit,受益.
而spinoff后面的including…说的全是获得的利益,如improvementsinearthquakeprediction.
地震预测的进步等等,而不是什么生存机会,或者潜在资源.
所以选C.
74.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
按照问题顺序一致原则,答案应当出现在最后两段.
在最后一段的首句我们找到了一个极端词用以定位.
Whileearthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.
直接由翻译可知,人类的适应能力使我们在其他星球的居住成为可能.

75.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
除去前两段引入,第三段主旨句(首句)的意思是每个文明都会探索周围文明以减低危险,第四段主旨句(首句)说的是探索使得我们能够发现潜在能源.
第五段主旨句(首句)说的是探索使得很多人发现解决问题的有用资源.
总的来说,就可归结为,太空探索可以帮助我们很多,避免很多问题.

Passage4(2011浙江卷A)OneeveninginFebruary2007,astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.
Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.
That'swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.
HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.
Secondslater,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.
Ceely'snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditonheGPSdevice(导航仪).
Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.
Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.
CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing.
"Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain,"shetoldtheBBC.
WhoistoblamehereRickStevenson,whotellsCeely'sstoryinhisbookWhenMachinesFailUs,pointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.
Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.
Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.
Andit'snotjustGPSdevices:Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephonestowirelesskey-boards.
Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit'snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.
Amap-makermighthaveleftthecrossingoffapapermap.
MaybeweshouldblameCeelyfornotpayingattention.
Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsignallingsystem.
OrmaybesomeonehasstudiedtherelativedangersandworkedoutthattherereallyissomethingspecificwrongwiththeGPSequipment.
ButStevensondoesn'tsay.
It'saproblemthatrunsthroughthebook.
Inasectiononcars,Stevensongivesanaccountoftheadvancedtechniquesthatcriminalsusetodefeatcomputer-basedlockingsystemsforcars.
Heofferstwoindependentsetsoffiguresoncartheft;bothshowasmallriseinsomepartsofthecountry.
Hesaysthatonceagainnotallnewlockshaveprovedreliable.
Perhaps,butmaybeit'salsoduetotheshortageofpolicemenonthestreets.
Orchangingsocialcircumstances.
Orsomecombinationofthesefactors.
Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.
Itisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandthecultureswelivein.
Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.
Ifthereissuchaway,itshouldinvolvemorethanjustanawarenessoftheshortcomingsofourmachines.
Afterall,wehavelivedwiththemforthousandsofyears.
Theyhaveprobablybeenfoolingusforjustaslong.
41.
WhatdidPaulaCeelythinkwasthecauseofheraccidentA.
Shewasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.
B.
Itwasdarkandrainingheavilythen.
C.
Therailwayworkersfailedtogivethesignal.
D.
HerGPSdevicedidn'ttellheraboutthecrossing.
42.
Thephrase"nearmiss"(Paragraph2)canbestbereplacedby______.
A.
closehitB.
heavylossC.
narrowescapeD.
bigmistake43.
WhichofthefollowingwouldRickStevensonmostprobablyagreewithA.
Moderntechnologyiswhatwecan'tlivewithout.
B.
Digitaltechnologyoftenfallsshortofourexpectation.
C.
Digitaldevicesaremorereliablethantheyusedtobe.
D.
GPSerrorisnottheonlycauseforCeely'saccident.
44.
Inthewriter'sopinion,Stevenson'sargumentis_______.
A.
one-sidedB.
reasonableC.
puzzlingD.
well-based45.
WhatistherealconcernofthewriterofthisarticleA.
Themajorcausesoftrafficaccidentsandcarthefts.
B.
Therelationshipbetweenhumansandtechnology.
C.
Theshortcomingsofdigitaldevicesweuse.
D.
Thehumanunawarenessoftechnicalproblems.
【文章大意】本文讨论了人与现代科技的关系.
41.
【解析】选D.
细节题.
从原文的"CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing.
Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain,shetoldtheBBC.
"可以知道,之所以出现车祸,是由于Ceely过于相信GPS了.
42.
【解析】选C.
词汇题.
从第一段的叙述可以看出,幸亏Ceely下车,要不然她一定也会毙命的,这可真是大难不死啊,所以选C.

43.
【解析】选B.
细节题.
从文章第三段的"…pointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.
Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.
Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.
"和最后一段的"anawarenessoftheshortcomingsofourmachines.
"可以知道,现代科技也有局限性,不能完全满足我们的需要和期待.

44.
【解析】选A.
态度推断题.
在作者看来,Stevenson的观点和论断是合理的,我们可以从我文章的倒数第二段第一句话可以看出,人类和现代科技的关系博弈真是有趣和复杂,由此看出作者是认同Stevenson的观点的.

45.
【解析】选B.
推理题.
从文章的最后两个段落可以看出,作者关注的是人类与现代科学技术的关系.
这种关系受到多种因素的影响,有经济的,文化的,心理的等.

Passage5(2011陕西卷D)Eversincetheywerefirstputonthemarketintheearly1990s,geneticallymodified(GM,转基因)foodshavebeenincreasinglydevelopedandmarketedinmanycountriesintheworld,mainlyonthebasisoftheirpromisetoendtheworldwidefoodcrisis.
ButcanGMtechnologysolveworldhungerproblemsEvenifitwould,isitthebestsolutionDespitewhatitpromises,GMtechnologyactuallyhasnotincreasedtheproductionpotential(潜力)ofanycorp.
InfactstudiesshowthatthemostwidelygrownGMcrop,GMsoybeans,hassufferedreducedproductivity.
Forinstance,areportthatanalysednearlytwodecadesofresearchonmajorGMfoodcropsshowsthatGMengineeringhasfailedtosignificantlyincreaseUScropproduction.
Somethingelse,however,hasbeenontherise,WhileGMseedsareexpensive,GMcompaniestellfarmersthattheywillmakegoodprofitsbysavingmoneyonpesticides(杀虫剂).
Onthecontrary,USgovernmentdatashowthatGMcropsintheUShaveproducedanoverallincreaseinpesticideusecomparedtotraditionalcrops.
"Thepromisewasthatyoucoulduselesschemicalsandboostproduction.
Butneitheristrue,"saidBillChristison,PresidentoftheUSNationalFamilyFarmCoalition.
Atthesametime,theauthorsofthebookWorldHunger:TwelveMythsarguethatthereactuallyismorethanenoughfoodintheworldandthatthehungercrisisisnotcausedbyproduction,butbyproblemsinfooddistributionandpolitics.
Theseindeeddeserveoureffortsandmoney.
Meanwhile,theriseinfoodpricesresultsfromtheincreaseduseofcropsforfuelratherthanfood,accordingtoa2008WorldBankreport.
Asamatteroffact,scientistsseebetterwaystofeedtheworld.
AnotherWorldBankreportconcludedthatGMcropshavelittletooffertothechallengesofworldwidepovertyandhunger,becausebetterwaysoutareavailable,amongwhich"green"farmingissupposedtobethefirstchoice.
57.
Theauthordevelopsthesecondparagraphmainly_____.
A.
byclassificationB.
bycomparisonC.
byexampleD.
byprocess58.
Whatdoestheunderlinedword"boost"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeanA.
Control.
B.
EvaluateC.
Obtain.
D.
Increase.
59.
GMcompaniespromisefarmersthattheywillbenefitfromA.
practicing"green"farmingB.
useoflesschemicalsC.
fairdistributionoftheircropsD.
usingmorecropsforfuel60.
WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeoftheauthortowardsGMtechnologyA.
OptimisticB.
DefensiveC.
DisapprovingD.
Casual【文章大意】本文主要讲述了转基因农产品的产量并没有由于转基因技术而得到提高,相反却下降了.
作者在文章中以很多例子作为佐证来证明这一点,并且在最后提出了真正提高农产品产量的方法.

57.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
文章第二段主要讲述了转基因技术并没能增加粮食的产量,接下来作者以举例子的形式进行表述,据此选C项.

58.
【解析】选D.
判断推理题.
判断词义的根本方法就是"瞻前顾后",务必仔细研读其所在的上下文,甚至要结合文章中心思想进行判断.
本段主要讲述的是转基因技术并没有提高农产品的产量,他们承诺"用的化学药品少,产量高,两个说法都是伪命题".
根据上下句可知此处boost意为"增加、提高".

59.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章第三段"Thepromisewasthatyoucoulduselesschemicals可知B项正确.
60.
【解析】选C.
判断推理题.
本题需要从整体着眼.
考查作者对待转基因技术的态度问题.
整篇文章主要讲述转基因技术并没有给人类带来多少好处,他们所承诺的化学药品使用少、产量高这两个说法都是伪命题,最后一段作者又提到了真正提高农产品产量的更好方法,由此可以判断,作者对待转基因技术的态度是"反对".

Passage6(2011湖南卷C)ArecentstudyofancientandmodernelephantshascomeupwiththeunexpectedconclusionthattheAfricanelephantisdividedintotwodistinct(不同的)species.
ThediscoverywasmadebyresearchersatYorkandHarvardUniversitieswhentheywereexaminingthegeneticrelationshipbetweentheancientwoollymammothandmastodontomodernelephants—theAsianelephant,Africanforestelephant,andAfricansavannaelephant.
OncetheyobtainedDNAsequences(序列)fromtwofossils(化石),mammoths,andmastodonstheteamcomparedthemwithDNAfrommodernelephants.
TheyfoundtotheiramazementthatmodernforestandsavannaelephantsareasdistinctfromeachotherasAsianelephantsandmammoths.
ThescientistsuseddetailedgeneticanalysistoprovethattheAfricansavannaelephantandtheAfricanforestelephanthavebeendistinctspeciesforseveralmillionyears.
ThedivergenceofthetwospeciestookplacearoundthetimeofthedivergenceofAsianelephantsandwoollymammoths.
Thisresultamazedallthescientists.
Therehaslongbeendebateinthescientificcommunitythatthetwomightbeseparatespecies,butthisisthemostconvincingscientificevidencesofarthattheyareindeeddifferentspecies.
Previously,manynaturalistsbelievedthatAfricansavannaelephantsandAfricanforestelephantsweretwopopulationsofthesamespecies,despitetheelephants'significantsizedifferences.
Thesavannaelephanthasanaverageshoulderheightof3.
5metreswhiletheforestelephanthasanaverageshoulderheightof2.
5metres.
Thesavannaelephantweighsbetweensixandseventons,roughlydoubletheweightoftheforestelephant.
Butthefactthattheylooksodifferentdoesnotnecessarilymeantheyaredifferentspecies.
HowevertheprooflayintheanalysisoftheDNA.
AlfredRoca,assistantprofessorintheDepartmentofAnimalSciencesattheUniversityofIllinois,said,"Wenowhavetotreattheforestandsavannaelephantsastwodifferentunitsforconservationpurposes.
Since1950,allAfricanelephantshavebeenconservedasonespecies.
Nowthatweknowtheforestandsavannaelephantsaretwoverydistinctiveanimals,theforestelephantshouldbecomeabiggerpriority(优先)forconservationpurposes.
"66.
Oneofthefossilsstudiedbytheresearchersisthatof_____.
A.
theAsianelephantB.
theforestelephantC.
thesavannaelephantD.
themastodonelephant67.
Theunderlinedword"divergence"inParagraph4means"_____.
"A.
evolutionB.
exhibitionC.
separationD.
examination68.
Theresearchers'conclusionwasbasedonastudyoftheAfricanelephant's_____.
A.
DNAB.
heightC.
weightD.
population69.
WhatareAlfredRoca'swordsmainlyaboutA.
TheconservationofAfricanelephants.
B.
ThepurposeofstudyingAfricanelephants.
C.
ThewaytodivideAfricanelephantsintotwounits.
D.
ThereasonforthedistinctionofAfricanelephants.
70.
WhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassageA.
Naturalists'BeliefsaboutElephantsB.
AmazingExperimentsaboutElephantsC.
AnUnexpectedFindingaboutElephantsD.
ALongScientificDebateaboutElephants【文章大意】这是一篇科普文.
在对古现代两类大象的研究中,科学家获得了未曾预料的发现.

66.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第三段第一句…twofossils(化石),mammothsandmastodons可知正确答案为D.
67.
【解析】选C.
词义猜测题.
根据第四段第一句ThescientistsuseddetailedgeneticanalysistoprovethattheAfricansavannaelephantandtheAfricanforestelephanthavebeendistinctspeciesforseveralmillionyears.
这两种大象是不同的物种已有好几百万年了.
divergence是"分歧"的意思,与separation的意思接近.
故选C.

68.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据第三段第一句OncetheyobtainedDNAsequences(序列)fromtwofossils(化石),mammothsandmastodon,stheteamcomparedthemwithDNAfrommodernelephants以及倒数第二段最后一句theprooflayintheanalysisoftheDNA可以得到答案.
69.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
可在最后一段Wenowhavetotreattheforestandsavannaelephantsastwodifferentunitsforconservationpurposes中找到答案.
70.
【解析】选C.
文章标题题.
根据第一段ArecentstudyofancientandmodernelephantshascomeupwiththeunexpectedconclusionthattheAfricanelephantisdividedintotwodistinct(不同的)species可知.
Passage7(2011上海卷B)HumpbackwhalesHumpbackwhalesaresometimescalledperformersoftheocean.
Thisisbecausetheycanmakeimpressivemovementswhentheydive.
Thename"humpback",whichisthecommonnameforthiswhale,referstothetypicalcurveshapethewhale'sbackformsasitdives.
Sometimesthehumpbackwilldivewithafantasticmovement,knownasabreach.
Duringbreachingthewhaleusesitspowerfultailflukestoliftnearlytwo-thirdsofitsbodyoutofthewaterinagiantleap.
Abreachmightalsoincludeasidewaystwistwithfinsstretchedoutlikewings,asthewhalereachestheheightofthebreach.
Ahumpbackwhalebreathesairatthesurfaceofthewaterthroughtwoblowholeswhicharelocatednearthetopofthehead.
Itblowsadoublestreamofwaterthatcanriseupto4metersabovethewater.
Thehumpbackhasasmalldorsalfinlocatedtowardsthetailflukesabouttwo-thirdsofthewaydownitsback.
Otherdistinguishingfeaturesincludelargepectoralfins,whichmaybeuptoathirdofthebodylength,anduniqueblackandwhitespotsontheundersideofthetailflukes.
Thesemarkingsarelikefingerprints:notwoarethesame.
Humpbackwhalesliveinlargegroups.
Theycommunicatewitheachotherthroughcomplex"songs".
QuickFactsSize:14m~18minlength30~50tonsinweightLivingOpenoceanandshallowcoastlinewatersEnvironment:Fromwarmtropical(热带的)waters,wheretheybreed,tocoldpolarwaters,wheretheyeat.
Diet:Shellfish,plantsandfishofsmallsizeHunting:Sometimesingroups,inwhichseveralwhalesformacircleunderthewater,blowingbubblesthatforma"net"aroundaschooloffish.
Thefisharethenforceduptothesurfaceinaconcentratedmass.
Currentstate:endangered;itisestimatedthatthereareabout5000~7000humpbackwhalesworldwide.
69.
AccordingtoQuickFacts,ahumpbackwhale______.
A.
cannotsurviveinwatersneartheshoreB.
doesn'tliveinthesamewatersallthetimeC.
livesmainlyonunderwaterplantsD.
preferstoworkalonewhenhuntingfood70.
Tomakeabreach,ahumpbackwhalemust______.
A.
useitstailflukestoleapoutofthewaterB.
twistitsbodysidewaystojumphighC.
blowtwostreamsofwaterD.
communicatewithagroupofhumpbacks71.
Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatahumpbackwhale______.
A.
hasitsuniquemarkingsonittailflukesB.
hasblackandwhitefingerprintsC.
getsitsnamefromthewayithuntsD.
isagreatperformerduetoitssongs【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文,主要讲了座头鲸名字的由来和生活习性等.

69.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章右栏中的Environment中的内容Fromwarmtropicalwaters,wheretheybreed,tocoldpolarwaters,wheretheyeat可知座头鲸在热带水域繁殖,在寒带水域中觅食,故B项说法正确.
根据Living中的内容Openoceanandshallowcoastlinewaters可知A项说法错误;根据Diet中的内容Shellfish,plantsandfishofsmallsize可知C项说法错误;由Hunting中的内容可知D项说法错误.
70.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章第二段中的内容Duringbreachingthewhaleusesitspowerfultailflukestoliftnearlytwo-thirdsofitsbodyoutofthewaterinagiantleap可知A项为正确选项.
71.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章第四段可知A项说法正确,B项错误;由第一段可知C项和D项说法错误.

Passage8(2011江苏卷C)AccordingtotheUSgovernment,windfarmsoffthePacificcoastcouldproduce900gigawattsofelectricityeveryyear.
Unfortunately,thewaterthereisfartoodeepforeventhetallestwindmills(seepicture)totouchbottom.
AnexperimentunderwayoffthecoastofNorway,however,couldhelpputthemanywhere.
Theproject,calledHywind,istheworld'sfirstlarge-scaledeepwaterwindturbine(涡轮发电机).
Althoughitusesafairlystandard152-ton,2.
3-megawattturbine,Hywindrepresentstotallynewtechnology.
Theturbinewillbefixed213feetabovethewateronafloatingspar(seepicture),atechnologyHywind'screator,theNorwegiancompanyStatoilHydro,hasdevelopedrecently.
Thesteelspar,whichisfilledwithstonesandgoes328feetbelowtheseasurface,willbetiedtotheoceanfloorbythreecables(缆索);thesewillkeepthesparstableandpreventtheturbinefrommovingupanddowninthewaves.
Hywind'sstability(稳定性)inthecoldandroughseawouldprovethateventhedeepestcornersoftheoceanaresuitableforwindpower.
Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan,theturbinewillstartproducingelectricitysixmilesoffthecoastofsouthwesternNorwayasearlyasSeptember.
Toproduceelectricityonalargescale,acommercialwindfarmwillhavetousebiggerturbinesthanHywinddoes,butit'sdifficultenoughtobalancesuchalargeturbinesohighonafloatingsparinthemiddleoftheocean.
Tomakethatturbineheavier,thewholespar'scentreofgravitymustbemovedmuchclosertotheocean'ssurface.
Todothat,thecompanyplanstodesignanewkindofwindturbine,onewhosegearbox(变速箱)sitsatsealevelratherthanbehindtheblades(seepicture).
Hywindisatestrun,butthebenefitsforperfectingfloatingwind-farmtechnologycouldbeextremelylarge.
Outatsea,thewindisoftenstrongerandsteadierthanclosetoshore,whereallexistingoffshorewindmillsareplanted.
Deep-seafarmsareinvisiblefromland,whichhelpsovercomethewindmill-as-eyesoreobjection.
Ifthetechnologycatcheson,itwillopenupvastareasoftheplanet'ssurfacetooneofthebestlow-carbonpowersourcesavailable.
63.
TheHywindprojectusestotallynewtechnologytoensurethestabilityof_______.
A.
thecableswhichtiethespartotheoceanfloorB.
thesparwhichisfloatingindeep-seawaterC.
thebladesdrivenbystrongandsteadyseawindD.
thestonesfilledinthesparbelowtheseasurface64.
Tobalanceabiggerturbinehighonafloatingspar,anewtypeofturbineistobedesignedwithitsgearboxsittingA.
ontheseafloorB.
onthespartopC.
atsealevelD.
behindtheblades65.
WideapplicationsofdeepwaterwindpowertechnologycanA.
solvethetechnicalproblemsofdeepwaterwindmillsB.
makefinancialprofitsbyproducingmoreturbinesC.
settletheargumentsaboutenvironmentalproblemsD.
explorelow-carbonpowerresourcesavailableatsea【文章大意】海上的风能是巨大的低碳资源,然而海洋的深度使风车建立在海上,最近在挪威的一个theHywindproject使得这个难题得到解决.
主要介绍了Hywind与可传统的方式相比,它的好处以及工作原理.

63.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题,根据第二段中的第三、四句可知这个项目就是为了确定thespar的安全稳固性的,故选B项.
64.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题,根据第三段的最后一句话可知这种带变速器的新型的涡轮发电机是位于海面上而不是在Blades的后面.

65.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题,根据最后一段的最后一句话"Ifthetechnologycatcheson,itwillopenupvastareasoftheplanet'ssurfacetooneofthebestlow-carbonpowersourcesavailable.
"可知这种新科技的广泛应用使得这种海上的低碳的电力资源被人们利用,故答案选D项.

Passage9(2011全国卷IIB)Forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence(智力)intheanimalworld,self-awarenessisanimportantmeasurement.
Ananimalthatisaware(意识)ofitselfhasahighlevelofintelligence.
Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,thatis,itsownreflectedimage(反射出的影像).
Manyanimalsfailthisexercisebitterly,payingverylittleattentiontothereflectedimage.
Onlyhumans,andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins,havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.
Nowanotheranimalhasjoinedtheclub.
IntheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersreportthatanAsianelephanthaspassedthemirrorself-reflectiontest.
"Wethoughtthatelephantswerethenextimportantanimal,"saidDianaReissoftheWildlifeConservationSociety,anauthorofthestudywithJoshuaM.
PlotnikandFansB.
M.
deWaalofEmoryUniversity.
Withtheirlargebrains,Reisssaid,elephants"seemedlikecousinstoapesanddolphins.
"TheresearcherstestedHappy,MaxineandPatty,threeelephantsattheBronxZoo.
Theyputan8-foot-squaremirroronawalloftheanimals'playarea(outofthesightofzoovisitors)andrecordedwhathappenedwithcameras,includingonebuiltinthemirror.
Theelephantsusedtheirlongnosestofindwhatwasbehindit,andtoexaminepartsoftheirbodies.
Ofthethree,Happythenpassedthetest,inwhichaclearmarkwaspaintedononesideofherface.
Shecouldtellthemarkwastherebylookinginthemirror,andsheusedthemirrortotouchthemarkwithherlongnose.
DianaReisssaid,"Weknewelephantswereintelligent,butnowwecantalkabouttheirintelligenceinabetterway.
"45.
WhatcanmirrorteststellusaboutanimalsA.
Whethertheyhavelargebrains.
B.
Whethertheyhaveself-awareness.
C.
Whethertheyenjoyoutdoorexercises.
D.
Whethertheyenjoyplayingwithmirrors.
46.
WhydoestheauthormentionapesanddolphinsinthetextA.
Theyaremostfamiliartoreaders.
B.
Theyarebigfavoriteswithzoovisitors.
C.
TheyareincludedinthestudybyReiss.
D.
Theyarealreadyknowntobeintelligent.
47.
WhatmadeHappydifferentfromMaxineandPattyA.
Sheusedhernosetosearchbehindthemirror.
B.
Sherecognizedherownimageinthemirror.
C.
Shepaintedamarkonherownface.
D.
Shefoundthehiddencamera.
【文章大意】本文属于科普知识类.
文章主要讲述了具有自我意识的动物具有高水平的智商,在这一实验中镜子起了重要的作用.
能够在镜子中辨认自己的动物中除了我们熟知的人,猿,海豚外,文章又对大象做了研究.
这使得我们能够以更好的方式来谈论大象的智商.

45.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章第二段第一句话"Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,thatis,itsownreflectedimage(反射出的影像).
"可知.
这里提到的"theanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror"即文章首段提到的self-awareness.
故答案为B.
46.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据文章第二段最后一句话"Onlyhumans,andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins,havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.
"可知猿和海豚能够在镜子中辨认自己,具有高智商是大家都知晓的,故答案选择D.

47.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
由文章倒数第二段我们可以得知在三头大象中,Happy通过了测试,也就是她的脸上被画上一道很明显的痕迹,她借助于镜子分辨出了痕迹,并用长鼻子触摸痕迹.
我们可以推断出Happy在镜子中辨认出了自己影像.
故答案为B.

Passage10(2011重庆卷B)MappingYourWorldDifferentformsofmapsareappearing.
Theyallowindependenttravelerstogetlocalknowledgeofplacestheyarevisiting,fromtheofficialtotheunusual.
Meanwhile,hi-techdevelopmentsarecreatingnewwaysforustomaptheworld.
Herearetwoofourfavorites:GreenMapsGreenMapsallowspeopletosharewiththeworldtheirknowledgeofenvironmentallyfriendlyplacesandattractionsinthelocalareas.
Usersaddinformationwithasetoficons(图标),makingiteasytoreadanymap,whateverthenationalitiesofthosewhoproduceit.
Atpresentthereareoverfivehundredmapprojectsbeingdevelopedin54countries.
GreenMaps'advertisedideais"thinkglobal,maplocal".
Itisawonderfulwayofgainingallsortsofinformationofaplace,rangingfromcommunitygardenstogoodplacesofbirdwatching.
GreenMapsisnotspecificallyintendedfortravelers.
Notallofitsmapsareonline,soitmaybenecessaryforsomeuserstocommunicatewiththeproducersthroughtheGreenMapswebsite.
MapsMashupsManypeopleuseonlinemapsdevelopedbyGoogle,butnotmanyknowaboutthemashupsofthem.
WorkinginasimilarwaytoGreenMaps.
MapsMashupsallowspeopletoaddiconsoftheirowntoexistingmapstoexpressacertaintopic.
Themashupsissocalledbecauseitcombinesalltheknowledgeyoucouldeverneed.
Itrangesfromtheextremelyuseful,suchaswherealltheWorldHeritageSitesare,tothemostbizarre(古怪的),suchaswhereAmerica'sdrunkestcitiesare.
WiththemashupsaddedtothebasicGoogleMaps,amulti-layered(多层的)mapcanbecreated.
60.
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofGreenMapsA.
Aimingatenvironmentalprotection.
B.
Introducinglocalattractionswithicons.
C.
Offeringadvicetoindependenttravelers.
D.
Collectingiconsworldwideforlocalmaps.
61.
WhichofthefollowingiconsismostprobablyNOTusedinGreenMaps62.
"MapMashups"isnamedwiththeword"mashups"because.
A.
itisproducedbyusersallovertheworldB.
itgathersvariouskindsofinformationC.
itsharesiconswithGreenMapsD.
itisabranchofGoogleMaps63.
WhatdoGreenMapsandMapMashupshaveincommonA.
Theyarecreatedbylocalpeople.
B.
Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.
C.
UserscaneditmapsontheInternet.
D.
Usersneedtocommunicatewithproducers.
【文章大意】本文是说明文,讲述了科技的发展催生了地图新形式.
60.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由GreenMaps部分第一段第一句话GreenMapsallowspeopletosharewiththeworldtheirknowledgeofenvironmentallyfriendlyplacesandattractionsinthelocalareas.
可知A项错误;由第一段第二句话Usersaddinformationwithasetoficons(图标以及前一句可知B项正确;由第二段第一句话GreenMapsisnotspecificallyintendedfortravelers.
可知C项错误;由第一段第四行及第五行GreenMaps'advertisedideais"thinkglobal可知D项错误.
61.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由Itisawonderfulwayofgainingallsortsofaplace,rangingfromcommunitygardentogoodplacesofbirdwatching.
可知B项不包括在内.
62.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由Themashupsissocalledbecauseitcombinealltheknowledgeyoucouldeverneed.
可知B项正确.
63.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
由WorkinginasimilarwaytoGreenMaps,MapsMashupsallowspeopletoaddiconsoftheirowntoexistingmapstoexpressacertaintopic.
可知C项正确.
Passage11(2011湖北卷B)Howlingisabehaviourcommonlyobservedamongawolfpack.
Aspackanimals,wolvesworktogethertohuntandrelyonhowlingasanimportantmeansofcommunicationamongeachother.
Therearedifferentexplarationsofawolf'showlanditappearsthattheremaybemoretodiscover.
Onetheoryisthatwolveshowltobondbettertogether.
It'salmostasifhowlingtogetherhelpsthepackstaytogether.
Perhapssomethingsimilartopeoplefeelingasenseofinvolvementwitheachotherwhensingingasongtogether.
Butthistheorymaybewrong,explainsFredH.
Harrington,aprofessorwhostudieswolfbehavior.
Indeed,therehavebeentimeswhenwolveshavebeenseenonemomenthowlinginachorus,andthenext,quarrelingamongeachother.
Itappearsthatusuallythelowest-rankingmenthesofthepackmayactuallybe"punished"forjoininginthechorusattimes.
Soishowlingawaytostrengthenasocialbondorjustawaytoreconfirmstatusamongitsmembers——WhydowolveshowlforsureWhatisclear,however,isthathowlingisoftenusedamongpackmatestolocateeachother.
Huntinggroundsaredistantandithappensthatwolvesmayseparatefromoneanotherattimes.
Whenthishappens,howlingappearstobeanexcellentmeansofgathering.
Howling,interestingly,isacontagiousbehaviour.
Whenonewolfstartstohowl,verylikelyotherswillfollow.
Thisisoftenseentooccurinthemorning,asifwolvesweredoingsomesortof"rollcall"wherewolvesallhowltogethertoreporttheirpresence.
55.
Whatisthepossiblesimilaritybetweenwolves'howlingtogetherandhumans'singinginchorusA.
Theactofcallingeachother.
B.
Thesenseofaccomplishment.
C.
Theactofhuntingforsomething.
D.
Thesenseofbelongingtoagroup.
56.
WhydoesHarringtonthinkthe"socialbond"theorymaybewrongA.
Wolvesseparatefromeachotherafterhowling.
B.
Wolvestendtoprotecttheirhuntinggrounds.
C.
Wolvessometimeshavequarrelsafterhowlingtogether.
D.
Wolvesoflowrankareencouragedtojoininthechorus.
57.
Researchersaresurethatwolvesoftenhowlto______.
A.
showtheirranksB.
findtheircompanionsC.
reportthemissingonesD.
expresstheirloneliness58.
"Howling…isacontagiousbehaviour"(inthelastparagraph)means_______.
A.
howlingisasignalforhuntingB.
howlingisawayofcommunicationC.
howlingoftenoccursinthemorningD.
howlingspreadsfromonetoanother【文章大意】嚎叫是在狼群中通常可以看到的一种行为,作为群居动物,狼嚎是他们之间相互交流的一种重要的方式,对于狼嚎有很多不同的解释,而且还有更多的解释有待于去发现.

55.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
从文中第二段onetheoryisthatwolveshowltobondbettertogether…perhapssomethingsimilartopeoplefeelingasenseofinvolvementwitheachotherwhensingingasongtogether…可知.
56.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题,从文中第三段…onemomenthowlinginachorus,andthenext,quarrelingamongeachother.
可知.
57.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题,从文中倒数第二段中…whatisclear,however,isthathowlingisoftenusedamongpackmatestolocateeachother…howlingappearstobeanexcellentmeansofgathering.
可知.
58.
【解析】选D.
细节题,由文中最后一段…whenonewolfstartstohowl,verylikelyotherswillfollow…可知.
Passage12(2011湖北卷E)Whichareyoumorelikelytohavewithyouatanygivenmoment—yourcellphoneoryourwalletSoonyoumaybeabletothrowyourwalletawayandpayforthingswithaquickwaveofyoursmartphoneoveranelectronicscanner.
InJanuary,Starbucksannouncedthatcustomerscouldstartusingtheirphonestobuycoffeein6,800ofitsstates.
Thisisthefirstpay-by-phonepracticeintheU.
S.
,butwe'relikelytoseemorewirelesspaymentalternativesassomethingcallednearfieldcommunication(NFC)getsintoAmerica'sconsumerelectronics.
LastDecembersomenewsmartphoneswhichcontainanNFCchipwereintroducedtothepublic.
AlreadyinuseinpartsofAsiaandEurope,NFCallowsshopperstowavetheirphonesafewinchesaboveapaymentterminal—acontact-freesystembuiltforspeedandconvenience.
ButbeforeNFCbecomeswidelyadoptedintheU.
S.
,afewproblemsneedtobeworkedout,likewhowillgettocollecttheprofitabletransaction(交易)fees.
Althoughsomecreditcardprovidershavebeenexperimentingwithwave-and-paysystemsthatuseNFC-enabledcreditcards,cellphoneserviceprovidersmaytrytomuscletheirwayintothepoint-of-sale(POS)market.
ThreebigcellphoneserviceprovidershaveformedaJoinventure(合资企业)thatwillgointooperationoverthenext15months.
Itsgoalis"toleadtheU.
S.
paymentsindustryfromcardstomobilephones.
"TheotherbigNFCissue,apartfromhowpaymentswillbeprocessed,issecurity,Forinstance,what'stostopathieffromdigitallypickpocketingyou"We'restillnotatthepointwhereanattackercanjustbrushagainstyouinacrowdandstealallthemoneyoutofyourphone,"saysJimmyShah.
Amobilesecurityresearcher,"Usersmayalsobeabletosettransactionlimits,perhapsrequiringapasswordtobeenteredforlargerpurchases.
Stilluneasyaboutthisdigital-walletbusinessKeepinmindthatifyouloseyoursmartphone,itcanbelocatedonamapandremotelydisabled.
Plus,yourphonecanbepasswordprotected,Yourwalletisn't.
67.
WhatispredictedtohappenintheU.
S.
A.
Theexpansionofcellphonecompanies.
B.
Theboomofpay-by-phonebusiness.
C.
Thedisappearanceofcreditcards.
D.
TheincreaseofStarbuckssales.
68.
TheNFCtechnologycanbeusedto_A.
ensurethesafetyofshoppersB.
collecttransactionfeeseasilyC.
makepurchasefasterandsimplerD.
improvethequalityofcellphones69.
Threecellphoneserviceprovidersformajointventureto_A.
strengthentheirrelationshipB.
getashareinthepaymentsindustryC.
sellmorecellphonesD.
testtheNFCtechnology70.
Accordingtothepassage,whatcanusersdoiftheylosetheirsmartphonesA.
Stopthefunctioningoftheirphones.
B.
Setupapassword.
C.
Getallthemoneyoutoftheirphones.
D.
Cancellargepurchases.
【文章大意】本文介绍NFC技术及带有NFC芯片的智能手机并应用在支付市场,介绍它的不足和优点.

67.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
由文中第二段提到把带有NFC芯片的智能手机介绍给公众,以及下面提及到它的便捷,简单,安全的特点,不难推出美国的手机支付经济会很繁荣.

68.
【解析】选C.
细节题,由文中第三段…acontact-freesystembuiltforspeedandconvenience…可知NFC技术用于使购买更快速、简单.
69.
【解析】选B.
细节题,由文中第四段…cellphoneserviceprovidersmaytrytomuscletheirwayintothepoint-of-salemarket…It'sgoalis"toleadtheU.
S.
paymentsindustryfromcardstomobilephones.
"可知.
70.
【解析】选A.
细节题,由最后一段中…itcanbelocatedonamapandremotelydisabled…可知.
Passage13(2011安徽卷B)Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusethewind.
Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.
Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources(来源),aswellasoneoftheoldest.
Evidenceshowsthatwindmills(风车)begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.
TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100s,whenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.
Formanycenturies,peopleusedwindmillstogrind(磨碎)wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepunderground.
Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s,peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.
Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.
However,bythe1940swhenelectricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStates,windmillswererarelyused.
Duringthe1970s,peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.
Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.
Then,windwasrediscovered,thoughitmeanshighercosts.
Today,thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.
61.
Whatwasanewuseforwindpowerinthelatel9thcenturyA.
Sailingaboat.
B.
Producingelectricity.
C.
Grindingwheatintoflour.
D.
Pumpingwaterfromunderground.
60.
Fromthetextweknowthatwindmills.
A.
wereinventedbyEuropeanarmiesB.
haveahistoryofmorethan2,800yearsC.
usedtosupplypowertoradioinremoteareasD.
haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered62.
Oneofthereasonswindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat.
A.
windpoweriscleanerB.
itisoneoftheoldestpowersourcesC.
itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwindD.
thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetneeds63.
WhatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollowsA.
Theadvantagesofwindpower.
B.
Thedesignofwindpowerplants.
C.
Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.
D.
Theglobaltrendtowardsproducingpowerfromwind.
【文章大意】本文介绍了风能及风能运用的情况.
在能源短缺的今天,作为最为洁净、丰富的能源之一——风能,一定会对我们的生活作出极大的贡献.

60.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据第二段句子可知,十九世纪末有了电之后,偏僻地区的人们就利用风车发电,于是人们就有了电灯和收音机,因此选择C项.
根据windmillsbegantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC可知,A项错误,B项错在morethan;根据末段句子可知,尽管成本较高,人们依然使用风能提供电力,因此D项错误.

61.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据第二段句子可知,人们最初利用风车磨面或抽水,十九世纪末有了电之后,人们又用其发电,因此选择B项.

62.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
根据最后一段可知,二十世纪七十年代,人们注重环保,而且认识到煤和气的短缺;而风能的特点是洁净、丰富和历史悠久,但是成本较高.
综合选择A项最佳.

63.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
根据末段句子Today,thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind可知,接下来作者应该谈论利用风能发电的情况,因此选择D项.
Passage14(2011福建卷E)TheInternetwillopenupnewvistas(前景),createtheglobalvillage—youcanmakenewfriendsallaroundtheworld.
That,atleast,iswhatitpromisedus.
Thedifficultyisthatitdidnottakethehumanmindintoaccount.
Therealityisthatwecannotkeeprelationshipswithmorethanalimitednumberofpeople.
NomatterhowhardtheInternettriestoputyouincommunication,itsbesteffortswillbedefeatedbyyourmind.
Theproblemistwofold(双重的).
First,thereisalimitonthenumberofpeoplewecanholdinmindandhaveameaningfulrelationshipwith.
Thatnumberisabout150andissetbythesizeofourbrain.
Second,thequalityofyourrelationshipsdependsontheamountoftimeyouinvest(投入)inthem.
Weinvestalotinasmallnumberofpeopleandthendistributewhat'sleftamongasmanyothersaswecan.
Theproblemisthatifweinvestlittletimeinaperson,ourengagementwiththatpersonwilldecline(减弱)untileventuallyitdiesinto"someoneIonceknew".
Thisisnot,ofcourse,tosaythattheInternetdoesn'tserveasociallyvaluablefunction.
Ofcourseitdoes.
Butthequestionisnotthatitallowsyoutoincreasethesizeofyoursocialcircletoincludetherestoftheworld,butthatyoucankeepyourrelationshipswithyourexistingfriendsgoingeventhoughyouhavetomovetotheothersideoftheworld.
Inonesense,that'sagoodthing.
Butitalsohasadisadvantage.
Ifyoucontinuetoinvestinyouroldfriendseventhoughyoucannolongerseethem,thencertainlyyouaren'tusingyourtimetomakenewfriendswhereyounowlive.
AndIsuspectthatprobablyisn'tthebestuseofyourtime.
Meaningfulrelationshipsareaboutbeingabletocommunicatewitheachother,facetoface.
TheInternetwillslowdowntheratewithwhichrelationshipsend,butitwon'tstopthathappeningeventually.
72.
WhatisstressedinthefirstparagraphA.
Thepresentsituationoftheinternet.
B.
Thedifficultyincommunicationontheinternet.
C.
Thesociallyvaluablefunctionoftheinternet.
D.
Theroleofthehumanmindintheinternetcommunication.
73.
Theunderlinedword"engagement"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans"____".
A.
appointmentB.
connectionC.
interviewD.
agreement74.
Accordingtothepassage,theauthorholdstheviewthat____A.
theinternetfailstoplaysovaluablearoleincommunicationasitpromisedB.
theinternetdeterminesthequalityofsocialrelationshipsC.
theinternetgreatlyincreasesthesizeofsocialcirclesD.
theinternetcommunicationisnolesseffectivethantheface-to-facetalk75.
Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheuseoftheinternettostrengthenrelationshipsA.
Heisuncertainaboutit.
B.
Heishopefulofit.
C.
Heapprovesofit.
D.
Hedoubtsit.
【文章大意】作者对网络在人们交流中的作用夸大进行质疑,指出那离不开人的大脑以及面对面的交往等.

72.
【解析】选D.
主旨大意题.
考查第一段的大意,第一段先扬后抑,第三句话开始转折,说网络没有考虑人脑,接着论述了人脑在网络交流中的作用,故答案选D.

73.
【解析】选B.
词义猜测题.
根据本段的第四句话"thequalityofyourrelationshipsdependsontheamountoftimeyouinvest(投入)inthen.
"可知,你们关系的质量取决于你投入的时间,所以,如果我们在一个人身上投入的时间少,我们和那个人的关系就会减弱,故engagement的意思应该是relationship/connection.

74.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
在第一段作者用了先扬后抑的手法指出网络并没有像许诺的那样有价值,还要考虑人脑的作用,故答案A是正确的.
通过第二、三和四段分别可以排除B、C和D项.

75.
【解析】选D.
作者对于网络加强关系的态度是承认有一定的价值,但是没有像说的那样大,并且离不开人的大脑以及面对面的交往,因此作者的态度是一种怀疑的态度,故答案选D.

Passage15(2011四川卷B)ExploityourparkingspaceAnunusedparkingspaceorgaragecanmakemoney.
Ifyoulivenearacitycenteroranairport,youcouldmakeanythingupto200or300aweek.
Putanadvertisement(广告)forfreeonLetparkorAtmyhousepark.
Rent(出租)aroomSpareroomNotonlywillalodger(房客)earnyouanincome,butalso,thankstothegovernment-backed"rentaroom"program,youwon'thavetopayanytaxonthefirst4500youmakeperyear.
TryadvertisingyourroomonRoomspareorRoommateeasy.
MakemoneyduringspecialeventsDon'twantafull-timelodgerThenrentonashort-termbasis.
Ifyouliveinthecapital,rentingaroomoutduringtheOlympicsorotherbigeventscouldbringinmoney.
Grashpaddercanadvertiseyourspace.
LiveonsetRentingyourhomeoutasa"filmset"couldearnyouhundredsofpoundsaday,dependingonthefilmproductioncompanyandhowlongyourhomeisneeded.
AquicksearchontheInternetwillbringupdozensofonlinecompaniesthatallowyoutoregisteryourhomeforfree—butyouwillbechargedifyourhomegetspicked.
UseyourroofYouneedtherightkindofroof,butsomeenergycompaniespaythecostoffixingsolarequipment(around￡14,000)andletyouusetheenergyproducedfornothing.
Inreturn,theygetpaidforunusedenergyfedbackintotheNationalGrid.
However,youhavetosigna25-yearagreementwiththesupplier,whichcouldpreventyoufromchangingtheroof.
45.
Ifyouearn￡5000fromrentingaroominoneyear,thetaxyouneedtopaywillbebasedon______.
A.
￡300B.
￡500C.
￡4500D.
500046.
WherecanyouputanadvertisementtorentoutaroomduringabigeventA.
OnLetpark.
B.
OnRoomspare.
C.
OnGrashpadder.
D.
OnRoommateeasy.
47.
Ifyouwanttouseenergyfree,youhaveto_____.
A.
signanagreementwiththegovernmentB.
payaround￡14,000fortheequipmentC.
selltherooftosomeenergycompaniesD.
keeptheroofunchangedwithin25years48.
ForwhomisthetextmostprobablywrittenA.
Lodgers.
B.
Advertisers.
C.
Houseowners.
D.
Onlinecompanies【文章大意】本段文字包括了几则出租停车位或者房屋等的广告.
45.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题,由第二则广告中youwon'thavetopayanytaxonthefirst4500youmakeperyear可知.
5000-4500=500.
46.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题,由第三则广告rentingaroomoutduringtheOlympicsorotherbigeventscouldbringinmoney.
Grashpaddercanadvertiseyourspace.
可知.
47.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题,由第五则广告youhavetosigna25-yearagreementwiththesupplier,whichcouldpreventyoufromchangingtheroof.
可知你的屋顶25年不准更换.
48.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题,由这几则广告中的一些关键词lodger,rent,makemoney等可推出,这篇文章是给屋主写的.
广告宣传类Passage1(2011全国卷IE)Wanted,SomeoneforaKissWe'relookingforproducerstojoinusonthesoundofLondonKiss100FM.
You'llworkonthestation'smusicprogrammes.
Musicproductionexperienceinradioisnecessary,alongwithrichknowledgeofmoderndancemusic.
Pleaseapply(申请)inwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100.
FatherChristmasWe'relookingforaveryspecialperson,preferablyover40,tofillourFatherChristmassuit.
Workingdays:EverySaturdayfromNovember24toDecember15andeverydayfromDecember17toDecember24exceptSundays,10:30-16:00.
Excellentpay.
Pleasecontact(联系)theEnterpriseShoppingCentre,StationParade,Eastbourne.
AccountantsAssistantWhenyoujointheteaminourRevenueAdministrationUnit,youwillbeprovidingassistancewithinallpartsoftheRevenueDivision,dealingwithpostandothergeneralduties.
IfyouareeducatedtoGCSEgradeClevelwewouldliketotalktoyou.
Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.
WealdenDistrictCouncilSoftwareTrainerIfyouareaged24-45andhaveexperienceinteachingandtraining,youcouldbethepersonwearelookingfor.
Youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.
Youwillbeallowedtomakeyourowndecisions,andtodesigncoursesaswellaspresentthem.
Payupwardsof￡15,000fortherightperson.
PleaseapplybysendingyourCV(简历)toMrsR.
Oglivie,PalmlaceLimited.
72.
WhoshouldyougetintouchwithifyouhopetoworkinaradiostationA.
ProducerVacancies,Kiss100.
B.
MrsOglivie,PalmlaceLimited.
C.
TheEnterpriseShoppingCentre.
D.
WealdenDistrictCouncil.
73.
WelearnfromtheadsthattheEnterpriseShoppingCentreneedsapersonwho_A.
isagedbetween24and40B.
maydosometrainingworkC.
shoulddealwithgeneraldutiesD.
canworkforaboutamonth74.
WhichpositionisopentorecentschoolgraduatesA.
Producer,LondonKiss.
B.
FatherChristmas.
C.
AccountantsAssistant.
D.
SoftwareTrainer.
75.
WhatkindofpersonwouldprobablyapplytoPalmlaceLimitedA.
OnewithGCSEgradeClevel.
B.
Onewithsomeofficeexperience.
C.
Onehavinggoodcomputerknowledge.
D.
Onetrainedinproducingmusicprogrammes.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了几则广告:第一则广告需要一名音乐创作;第二则广告需要一位年龄最好在40岁以上的圣诞老人;第三则广告需要会计助理;第四则广告需要软件培训人员.

72.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
第一则广告需要一名音乐创作,所以意欲在广播电台工作的人应该与第一则广告中提到的联系方式取得联系.
故选A.

73.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第二则广告可知,圣诞老人从11月24到12月15的每个星期六工作,从12月17到12月24除去星期天每天都工作.

74.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
第三则广告需要会计助理,广告中提到这个工作需要刚毕业的学生,也适合有办公室经验的人.

75.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
第四则广告需要软件培训人员,根据广告的要求可知求职的人要懂电脑和编程.
故选C.

Passage2(2011江西卷B)WinnersClubYouchoosetobeawinner!
TheWinnersClubisabankaccountspeciallydesignedforteenagers.
Ithasbeenmadetohelpyoubettermanageyourmoney.
TheWinnersClubisatransactionaccount(交易账户)whereyoureceiveakey–cardsoyoucangettoyourmoney24/7–that's24hoursaday,7daysaweek!
It'saclubwithimpressivefeaturesforteenagers:Noaccountkeepingfees!
You'renomillionairesowedon'texpectyoutopaylargefees.
Infact,therearenoaccountkeepingortransactionfees!
Excellentinterestrates!
Youwantyourmoneytogrow.
TheWinnersClubhasagoodrateofinterestwhichgetsevenbetterifyoumakeatleasttwodeposits(储蓄)withouttakingthemoutinamonth.
ConvenientTeenagersarebusy—wegetthat.
Youmayneverneedtocometoabankatall.
WiththeWinnersClubyoucanchoosetousehandytellersandtobankfromhomeusingthephoneandtheInternet…YoucanhavemoneydirectlydepositedintoyourWinnersClubaccount.
Thiscouldbeyourpocketmoneyoryourpayfromyourpart–timejob!
MegamagazineincludedAlongwithyourregularreport,youwillreceiveaFREEmagazinefullofgoodideastomakeevenmoreofyourmoney.
TherearealsofantasticoffersandcompetitionsonlyforWinnersClubmembers.
TheWinnersClubisagreatchoiceforteenagers.
Anditissoeasytojoin.
Simplyfillinanapplicationform.
Youwillhavetogetpermissionfromyourparentorguardian(sowecanorganizethatcoolkey–card)butitiseasy.
Wecan'twanttohearfromyou.
It'sthebestwaytochoosetobeawinner!
61.
TheWinnersClubisabankaccountintendedfor.
A.
parentsB.
teenagersC.
winnersD.
adults62.
WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheWinnersClubA.
Specialgiftsarereadyforparents.
B.
Thebankopensonlyonworkdays.
C.
Servicesareconvenientforitsmembers.
D.
Feesarenecessaryfortheaccountkeeping.
63.
TheWinnersClubprovidesmagazineswhich.
A.
encouragespendingB.
arefreetoallteenagersC.
arefullofadventurestoriesD.
helptomakemoreofyourmoney64.
IfyouwanttobeamemberoftheClub,youmust.
A.
beanInternetuseB.
bepermittedbyyourparentC.
haveabigsumofmoneyD.
beinyourtwenties65.
WhatisthepurposeofthistextA.
Tosetupaclub.
B.
Toprovidepart–timejobs.
C.
Toorganizekey–cards.
D.
Tointroduceanewbankingservice【文章大意】文章介绍了一种为青少年设计的新型银行.
61【解析】选B.
细节理解.
从第一段第一句:TheWinnersClubisabankaccountspeciallydesighedforteenagers.
可见,这是一个为青少年设计的银行.
选B.
62【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
A项文章未提及,B选项在文章第一段最后一句7daysaweek可知是错误的,D选项根据文章第一个小标题noaccountkeepingfees可知是错误的,而根据文章第三点的Convenient可知该银行的服务是非常方便的.
选C.

63【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据最后一段第一句youwillreceiveaFREEmagazinefullofgoodideastomakeevenmoreofyourmoney可知杂志上有许多使你赚钱的主意.
选D.
64.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章最后一段第二行Youwillhavetogetpermissionfromyourparentorguardian.
你必须经过你父母或者监管者的同意.
选B.
65【解析】选D.
主旨大意题.
根据文章第一句TheWinnersClubisabankaccountspeciallydesighedforteenagers.
可见,这是一个为青少年设计的银行以及后文中对于该种银行的介绍可知是在介绍新的银行服务项目.
选D.

Passage3(2011浙江卷IB)46.
Whatdoestheword"pump"meanin"Heranineveryfiveminutestopumpmeaboutthecase"A.
Talkwith.
B.
Askforinformation.
C.
Listento.
D.
Providewithevidence.
47.
WhenSallysays"TheTVprogramkeptpumpingoutcommercials",shemaybe______.
A.
excitedB.
interestedC.
annoyedD.
worried48.
Whatwillthegovernmentmostprobablyprovideifitisengagedinapump-primingprogramA.
Sumsofmoney.
B.
Rawmaterials.
C.
Humanresources.
D.
Mediasupport.
49.
WhenSylviasays"HisspeechwasOKbutithadnorealpunch",shethinksitwasnot_____.
A.
fluentandimpressiveB.
logicalandmovingC.
informativeandsignificantD.
interestingandpowerful【文章大意】本篇是有关"查词典"的试题,旨在考查学生运用工具书获取信息和解决问题的能力.

46.
【解析】选B.
题干中的pump为动词,所以我们可以快速查找pump的动词词义项,很明显该词的动词义项第二个意义符合试题要求,所以答案为B.

47.
【解析】选C.
根据题干信息,考生可以快速寻找有关pumpout的意义,从其第二个意义中的disapproving可以知道感到恼火.
48.
【解析】选A.
结合题干信息,考生可以快速找到有关pump-priming的意义,根据其释义,我们知道其意义包含"bygivingitmoney",所以答案为A.
49.
【解析】选D.
根据题干信息我们可以判断punch此处为名词,所以我们迅速锁定其名词意义.
通过寻读,我们可以知道其意义中包含"thepowertobeinterestingandhaveastrongeffectonpeople.
",所以答案为D.
Passage4(2011陕西卷A)HOWTOBOOKByphone:CallTicketmaster24hrBookingLineon08448472484Online:www.
PalaceandOperaHouse.
org.
ukorwww.
ticketmaster.
co.
ukInPerson:ThePalaceTheatreTicketCentre,OxfordStreet,Manchester,M16FT(MonSat10am-8pm)ByPost:Statingtheperformanceandchoiceofseats,enclosing(附寄)acheque,postalorder,oryourcreditcarddetailstoThePalaceTheatreTicketCentre,OxfordStreet,Manchester,M16FT.
Pleaseencloseastampedaddressedenvelope.
SavepoundsonticketsNOW!
JoinLiveNation'sCardforjust￡30ayearandenjoyawholerangeofdiscountsandbenefits.
You'llsavemoneyfromthefirsttimeyouuseyourLiveCard—notjustontickets,butonprogrammesandreducedbookingfees.
LiveCardmembersoftenjointheaudienceonopeningnightsorenjoygenerousdiscountsthroughouttherunofashow.
Call08444996699tojoinLiveCardtoday.
GetitTogether!
Bygettingtogetherasagroupof10ormoreyoucansavemoneyonticketsforyourfavouriteshows.
Groupbookersbenefitfromadirectfreetelephonebookingline,anddon'tpaybookingfees.
Invitationstopartiesandbooknowpaylaterprogrammesareallpartofourgreatservicetogroupbookers.
Jointhehundredsofpeoplealreadytakingadvantageofourgroupbooking.
Call08005875007totalktooneofourgroupbookingassistantsaboutyourgroupvisittothePalaceTheatreorOperaHouse.
Forfurtherinformationpleasecall01612456609.
46.
IfyouwanttojoinLiveCardtosavemoneyontickets,youcancall.
A.
08448472484B.
08005875007C.
08444996699D.
0161245660947.
HowcanyoupayforaticketwhenyoubookbypostA.
Byvisitingthewebsiteofapostoffice.
B.
Bygoingtoyourlocalbankinperson.
C.
ByenclosingyourLiveCardinanenvelope.
D.
Byprovidingyourcreditcardinformation.
48.
WhatbenefitcangroupbookersenjoyaccordingtothetextA.
Delayedpaymentfortickets.
B.
Invitationstoopeningnights.
C.
Reducedbookingfeesbyphone.
D.
Generousdiscountsontickets.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了订票的四种方式:电话订票、网上订票、亲自柜台订票和邮寄方式订票.
同时还讲述了如何能够省钱的问题.

46.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据文中的Call08444996699tojoinLiveCardtoday可知正确答案为C项.
47.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据ByPost所在段落可知:如果想通过邮寄方式订票,需要提供个人信用卡的信息.

48.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章的GetitTogether!
部分的第二段可知益处有:免费电话订票;提前预定事后付款等好处.
由此可知A项正确.

Passage5(2011天津卷A)HomestayprovidesEnglishlanguagestudentswiththeopportunitytospeakEnglishoutsidetheclassroomandtheexperienceofbeingpartofaBritishhome.
WhattoExpectThehostwillprovideaccommodationandmeals.
Roomswillbecleanedandbedcoverschangedatleastonceaweek.
Youwillbegiventhehousekeyandthehostistheretoofferhelpandadviceaswellastotakeaninterestinyourphysicalandmentalhealth.
AccommodationZonesHomestaysarelocatedinLondonmainlyinZones2,3and4ofthetransportsystem.
MosthostsdonotliveinthetowncentreasmuchofcentralLondoniscommercialandnotresidential(居住的).
Zones3and4oftenofferlargeraccommodationinalesscrowedarea.
ItisveryconvenienttotravelinLondonbyUnderground.
MealPlansAvailableContinentalBreakfastBreakfastandDinnerBreakfast,PackedLunchandDinnerIt'simportanttonotethatfewEnglishfamiliesstillprovideatraditionalcookedbreakfast.
YouraccommodationincludesContinentalBreakfastwhichnormallyconsistsoffruitjuice,cereal(谷物类食品),breadandteaorcoffee.
Cheese,fruitandcoldmeatarenotnormallypartofaContinentalBreakfastinEngland.
Dinnersusuallyconsistofmeatorfishwithvegetablesfollowedbydessert,fruitandcoffee.
FriendsIfyouwishtoinviteafriendovertovisit.
youmustfirstaskyourhost'spermission.
Youhavenorighttoentertainfriendsinafamilyhomeassomefamiliesfeelitisaninvasionoftheirprivacy.
Self-CateringAccommodationinPrivateHomesAccommodationonaroom-onlybasisincludessharedkitchenandbathroomfacilitiesandoftenamainlivingroom.
Thiskindofaccommodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandismoresuitableforthelong-staystudent.
However,itdoesnotprovidethesamefamilyatmosphereasanordinaryhomestayandmaynotbenefitthosewhoneedtopractiseEnglishathomequiteasmuch.
36.
ThepassageisprobablywrittenforA.
hostswillingtoreceiveforeignstudentsB.
foreignershopingtobuildBritishcultureC.
travellersplanningtovisitfamiliesinLondonD.
EnglishlearnersapplyingtoliveinEnglishhomes37.
WhichofthefollowingwillthehostprovideRoomcleaning.
Medicalcare.
Freetransport.
Physicaltraining.
38.
WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3A.
Zone4ismorecrowdedthanZone2.
B.
ThebusinesscentreofLondonisinZone1.
C.
Hostsdisliketravellingtothecitycentre.
D.
Accommodationinthecitycentreisnotprovided.
39.
Accordingtothepassage.
WhatdoescontinentalBreakfastincludeA.
Dessertandcoffee.
B.
Fruitandvegetables.
C.
Breadandfruitjuice.
D.
Cerealandcoldmeat.
40.
Whydosomepeoplechooseself-cateringaccommodationA.
Toexperienceawarmerfamilyatmosphere.
B.
ToenrichtheirknowledgeofEnglish.
C.
Toentertainfriendsastheylike.
D.
Toenjoymuchmorefreedom.
【文章大意】本文是篇广告宣传类.
文中介绍了英国家庭为海外学习英语的学生提供的服务项目的情况.
海外学生可以和房主一起吃住,方便交流,以及商业区和居住区的布局,伙食情况.

36.
【解析】选D.
主旨大意题.
根据文章第一段可知房主是给学习英语的学生提供课外讲英语的机会以及当英国家庭一员的经历,可知此文是为申请住在英国人家里学习英语的人准备的.
所以选D.

37.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
从Whattoexpect一项中讲述了主人会给你提供食宿,打扫卫生.
至于你的身心健康只是感兴趣,所以排除B和D项.
C项免费交通,文中没有提到.
故选A.

38.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
第三段主要讲述了提供寄宿的人主要住在2,3,4区,伦敦中心区主要是商业区不是居住区,言外之意是说1区是商业区,所以选B.
选项A和C文章没提到,选项D是事实,不是推断出来的.

39.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据YouraccommodationincludesContinentalBreakfastwhichnormallyconsistsoffruitjuice,cereal(谷物类食品),breadandteaorcoffee可知.
40.
【解析】选D.
深层意思理解题.
根据最后一段选.
文中说到这种方式可以提供一个更为独立的生活方式,更适合长期居住的学生.
也就是说更为享受自由.
选项A,B和C不符合文意.

Passage6(2011江苏卷B)AttractionsDoyou:LovetheNationalPark,valueitandhopetosafeguarditsfutureWishtoseethebeautifullandscapeoftheParkprotectedLiketoenjoypeaceful,informalrecreationwithintheParkAimsTheFriendsorganizationaimsaretohelpprotectandimprovethePembrokeshireCoastNationalParkforalltoenjoy.
WeareavoluntaryorganizationandregisteredcharitywithoutfinanciallinkstotheNationalParkAuthority.
ActivitiesWeencourageeveryonetoenjoytheNationalParkthroughregulartalksandvisitstointerestingplacesintheParkwithexpertguides.
Wekeepaneyeonplanningapplications,ParkAuthoritypoliciesandthreatstotheNationalParksuchasmassiveleisurecomplexes.
Weworkwithlike-mindedorganizationssuchastheCampaignforNationalParkstomakeourvoicemoreeffective.
WehelpchildrentounderstandtheNationalParkbysponsoringpublicationssuchasanadventurebookletandprojectsinlocalschools.
BenefitsGuidedvisitstoplacesofinterestwhichmaynotalwaysbeavailabletothegeneralpublic.
AllmembersreceiveourregularNewsandViews.
Talksbyexpertsintheirfieldsoncurrentissues.
AdiscountisavailableonFriendsitemsforsale.
Satisfactionofparticipationinworkparties,forthosewillingandabletobeinvolved.
Ifinterested,pleasecompletetheApplicationFormatwww.
fpnp.
org.
uk.
60.
WhichofthefollowingisdiscouragedbytheFriendsorganizationA.
Tobuildmassivecomplexesforpublicamusement.
B.
TopreventpossibledamagestotheNationalPark.
C.
TohelpprotectandimprovetheParkforalltoenjoy.
D.
Tosponsorpublicationsandprojectsinlocalschools.
61.
OneofthebenefitsformembersofFriendsisto.
A.
haveFriends'goodsfreeofchargeB.
visitanyplacenotopentothepublicC.
takepartinworkpartiesiftheywanttoD.
givetalksintheirfieldsoncurrentissues62.
Thepurposeofthisposteristoinvitemorepeopleto_A.
raisemoneyfortheFriendsorganizationB.
jointheFriendsorganizationandbemembersofitC.
workasmanagersforPembrokeshireNationalParkD.
enjoythelandscapeofPembrokeshireNationalPark【文章大意】海报通过介绍theFriendsorganization的活动目的、活动程序以及活动的好处来吸引更多的人加入到这个组织.

60.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题,根据Activities中的第二段的第一句话"Wekeepaneyeonplanningapplications,ParkAuthoritypoliciesandthreatstotheNationalParksuchasmassiveleisurecomplexes.
"可知A项是对国家公园的威胁,是不鼓励去做的;在Attractions中提到B项;C项是这个组织的目的;D项是在Activities最后一段提及的.
61.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题,根据Benefits中的第四条可知可以打折,但不免费,故A项错误;根据第一条可知可以去参观不经常向人们开放的地方,而不是任何不对公众开放的地方,B项错误;根据第二条可知是专家作讲座,而不是组织成员,故D项错误.
根据最后一条可知C项正确.

62.
【解析】选B.
主旨理解题,本文通过介绍活动的目的、活动的程序以及活动的好处,尤其是最后一句话让感兴趣的人来填写表格可推知是鼓励更多的人加入到这样的组织中来保护大自然.
A和C项文中没有涉及;D项是作为吸引人的一个条件提出的,不能作为目的.

Passage7(2011全国卷IIC)StudentMembership—CambridgeArtsCinemaCambridgeArtsCinemaisoneofthearthousesinBritainandhomeoftheinternationallycelebratedCambridgeFilmFestival.
Since1947generationsofstudentshavediscoveredthewealthofworldcinema.
Nowyoutoocanmakethemostofitandsavemoney.
AttheArtsyoucan…choosefromupto40filmsamonthseeupto8premieres(首映)eachmonthcatchscreeningswhenyoulike—weopenearlyandcloselateincreaseyourknowledgeoffilmwithourspecialevents—eachyearwerunseasonsonvarioustypesoffilmsanddirectorsmeetthefilmmakersWhatyougetasamember:invitationtoapreviewscreening(试映)￡1offthestandardprices(￡4.
50/￡3.
50)foranyscreeningincludingspecialeventsyourowncopyofeachcinemaprogrammemailedfreeofchargeacardwithyourownmembershipnumber50%offmembershiptotheCambridgeDarkroomGallerySowhatareyouwaitingforJustfillintheformandreturniteitherinpersonorbypostto:BoxOfficeCambridgeArtsCinema8MarketPassageCambridgeCN23PFItcosts￡15tojoinandyourcardcanbeusedfrom1stOctober2011to30thJune2012.
CinemaInformation:01223572929(24hr)BoxOffice:0122350444448.
WhichofthefollowingisthemostfamouseventheldatCambridgeArtsCinemaA.
TheCambridgeFilmFestival.
B.
Meetingswithfilmmakers.
C.
Thepreviewscreening.
D.
Monthlypremieres.
49.
Ifyou'reamemberofCambridgeArtsCinema,youwillenjoyfree_____.
A.
DarkroomGalleryshowsB.
mailedprogrammesC.
specialfilmeventsD.
filmshows50.
HowlongwillthemembershipforCambridgeArtsCinemalastA.
Fourmonths.
B.
Eightmonths.
C.
Ninemonths.
D.
Oneyear.
51.
ForwhatpurposeisthetextwrittenA.
Offeringstudentscheapertickets.
B.
Announcingtheopeningofapremiere.
C.
Tellingthepublicofthecinema'saddress.
D.
Increasingthecinema'smembership.
【文章大意】本文属于广告宣传类.
本文讲述了在剑桥艺术影院作为学生会员可以享受的优惠和待遇,号召广大学生加入成为会员.

48.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章开头"CambridgeArtsCinemaisoneofthearthousesinBritainandhomeoftheinternationallycelebratedCambridgeFilmFestival.
"可知.
49.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章中"yourowncopyofeachcinemaprogrammemailedfreeofcharge.
"可知.
50.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据文章中"yourcardcanbeusedfrom1stOctober2011to30thJune2012.
"可计算出时间为九个月,故答案为C.
51.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
根据文章中"Sowhatareyouwaitingfor"以及文章列出的那么多会员的优惠和待遇可以推断这篇文章是为增加电影院的会员而写的广告宣传.

Passage8(2011新课标全国卷D)Wanted,SomeoneforaKissWe'relookingforproducerstojoinusonthesoundofLondonKiss100FM.
You'llworkonthestation'smusicprogrammes.
Musicproductionexperienceinradioisnecessary,alongwithrichknowledgeofmoderndancemusic.
Pleaseapply(申请)inwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100.
FatherChristmasWe'relookingforaveryspecialperson,preferablyover40,tofillourFatherChristmassuit.
Workingdays:EverySaturdayfromNovember24toDecember15andeverydayfromDecember17toDecember24exceptSundays,10:30-16:00.
Excellentpay.
Pleasecontact(联系)theEnterpriseShoppingCentre,StationParade,Eastbourne.
AccountantsAssistantWhenYoujointheteaminourRevenueAdministrationUnit,youwillbeprovidingassistancewithinallpartsoftheRevenueDivision,dealingwithpostandothergeneralduties.
IfyouareeducatedtoGCSEgradeClevelwewouldliketotalktoyou.
Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.
WealdenDistrictCouncilSoftwareTrainerIfyouareaged24-45andhaveexperienceinteachingandtraining,youcouldbethepersonwearelookingfor.
Youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.
Youwillbeallowedtomakeyourowndecisions,andtodesigncoursesaswellaspresentthem.
Payupwardsof￡15,000fortherightperson.
PleaseapplybysendingyourCV(简历)toMrsR.
Oglivie,PalmlaceLimited.
67.
WhoshouldyougetintouchwithifyouhopetoworkinaradiostationA.
ProducerVacancies,Kiss100.
B.
MrsOglivie,PalmlaceLimited.
C.
TheEnterpriseShoppingCentre.
D.
WealdenDistrictCouncil.
68.
WelearnfromtheadsthattheEnterpriseShoppingCentreneedsapersonwho_A.
isagedbetween24and40B.
maydosometrainingworkC.
shoulddealwithgeneraldutiesD.
canworkforaboutamonth69.
WhichpositionisopentorecentschoolgraduatesA.
Producer,LondonKiss.
B.
FatherChristmas.
C.
AccountantsAssistant.
D.
SoftwareTrainer.
70.
WhatkindofpersonwouldprobablyapplytoPalmlaceLimitedA.
OnewithGCSEgradeClevel.
B.
Onewithsomeofficeexperience.
C.
Onehavinggoodcomputerknowledge.
D.
Onetrainedinproducingmusicprogrammes.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了几则广告:第一则广告需要一名音乐创作人;第二则广告需要一位年龄最好在40岁以上的圣诞老人;第三则广告需要会计助理;第四则广告需要软件培训人员.

67.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
第一则广告需要一名音乐创作人,所以意欲在广播电台工作的人应该按照第一则广告中提到的联系方式取得联系.
故选A.

68.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第二则广告可知,圣诞老人从11月24到12月15日的每个星期六工作,从12月17日到12月24日除去星期天每天都工作.

69.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
第三则广告需要会计助理,广告中提到这个工作适合刚毕业的学生,也适合有办公室经验的人.

70.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
第四则广告需要软件培训人员,根据广告的要求可知求职的人要懂电脑和编程.
故选C.

Passage9(2011北京卷B)SubmissionGuidelinesBeforesendingusamanuscript(稿件),lookthroughrecentissues(刊物)ofthePosttogetanideaoftherangeandstyleofarticleswepublish.
Youwilldiscoverthatourfocushasbroadenedtoincludewell-researched,timelyandinformativearticlesonfinance,homeimprovement,travel,humor,andmanyotherfields.
ThePost'sgoalistoremainunique,withcontentthatprovidesadditionalunderstandingsontheever-evolvingAmericanscene.
Inadditiontofeature-length(专题长度的)articles,thePostbuysanecdotes,cartoons,andphotos.
Paymentrangesfrom$25to$400.
Ournonfictionneedsincludehow-to,usefularticlesongardening,petcareandtraining,financialplanning,andsubjectsofinteresttoa45-plus,home-lovingreadership.
Fornonfictionarticles,indicateanyspecialqualificationsyouhaveforwritingaboutthesubject,especiallyscientificmaterial.
Includeoneortwopublishedpieceswithyourarticle.
Weprefertypedarticlesbetween1,000and2,000wordsinlength.
Weencourageyoutosendbothprintedandonlineversions.
Wealsowelcomenewfiction.
Alight,humoroustouchisappreciated.
Wearealwaysinneedofstraighthumorarticles.
Makeuslaugh,andwe'llbuyit.
Featurearticlesaverageabout1,000to2,000words.
Welikepositive,freshanglestoPostarticles,andweaskthattheybethoroughlyresearched.
Wenormallyrespondtoarticlesubmissionswithinsixweeks.
Youarefreetosubmitthearticleelsewhereatthesametime.
PleasesubmitallarticlestoFeaturesEditor,TheSaturdayEveningPost,1100WaterwayBoulevard.
Indianapolis,IN46202,(317)634-1100.
60.
BeforesendingamanuscripttothePost,acontributorisadvisedto.
A.
getabetterunderstandingofAmericanissuesB.
findouttherangeofthearticlesinthePostC.
increasehisknowledgeinmanyfieldsD.
broadenhisresearchfocus61.
Tosubmitnonfictionarticles,acontributormust_____.
A.
providehisspecialqualificationB.
bearegularreaderofthePostC.
produceprintedversionD.
beover45yearold62.
FromthepassagewecanlearnthatthePostA.
allowsarticlesubmissionwithinsixweeksB.
favorssciencearticleswithin2,000wordsC.
hasahugedemandforhumorousworksD.
prefersnonfictiontofictionarticle【文章大意】文中说明了对于供稿者提交稿件的准则和规范,即文章题目"SubmissionGuidelines"(提交指南).
60.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据第一段togetanideaoftherangeandstyleofarticleswepublish得知要事先了解Post中文章所涉及的领域.
61.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据第四段Fornonfictionarticles,indicateanyspecialqualificationsyouhave得知需表明你所有的专门资格证书.
62.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据第五段Wearealwaysinneedofstraighthumorarticles.
Makeuslaugh,andwe'llbuyit可知他们对于幽默文章的需求量很大.
政治经济类Passage1(2011四川卷E)Inbusiness,thereisaspeeddifference:It'sthedifferencebetweenhowimportantafirms'leaderssayspeedistotheircompetitive(竞争的)strategy(策略)andhowfastthecompanyactuallymoves.
Thedifferenceisimportantregardlessofindustryandcompanysize.
Companiesfearfuloflosingtheircompetitiveadvantagespendmuchtimeandmoneylookingforwaystopickupthespeed.
Inourstudyof343businesses,thecompaniesthatchoosetogo,go,gototrytogainanedgeendedupwithlowersalesandoperatingincomesthanthosethatpausedatkeymomentstomakesuretheywereontherighttrack.
What'smore,thefirmsthat"sloweddowntospeedup"improvedtheirtopandbottomlines,averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathree-yearperiod.
Howdidtheydisobeythelawsofbusinessphysics,takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetterTheythoughtdifferentlyaboutwhat"slower"and"faster"mean.
Firmssometimesfailtounderstandthedifferencebetweenoperationalspeed(movingquickly)andstrategicspeed(reducingthetimeittakestodelivervalue).
Simplyincreasingthespeedofproduction,forexample,maybeonewaytotrytoreducethespeeddifference.
Butthatoftenleadstoreducedvalueovertime,intheformoflower-qualityproductsandservices.
Inourstudy,higher-performingcompanieswithstrategicspeedalwaysmadechangeswhennecessary.
Theybecamemoreopentoideasanddiscussion.
Theyencouragednewwaysofthinking.
Andtheyallowedtimetolookbackandlearn.
Bycontrast(相比而言),performancesufferedatfirmsthatmovedfastallthetime,paidtoomuchattentiontoimprovingefficiency,stucktotestedmethods,didn'tdevelopteamspiritamongtheiremployees,andhadlittletimethinkingaboutchanges.
Strategicspeedservesasakindofleadership.
Teamsthatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright,ratherthanploughaheadfullbore,aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals.
Thatkindofstrategymustcomefromthetop.
57.
Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"gainanedge"inParagraph2meanA.
Increasethespeed.
B.
Getanadvantage.
C.
Reachthelimit.
D.
Setagoal58.
Theunderlinedpart"thelawsofbusinessphysics"inParagraph3meansA.
spendingmoretimeandperformingworse.
B.
spendingmoretimeandperformingbetterC.
spendinglesstimeandperformingworseD.
spendinglesstimeandperformingbetter59.
WhatcanwelearnfromthetextA.
Howfastafirmmovesdependsonhowbigitis.
B.
Howcompetitiveafirmisdependsonwhatitproduces.
C.
Firmsguidedbystrategicspeedtaketimetomakenecessarychanges.
D.
Firmsguidedbyoperationalspeedtaketimetodevelopnecessaryteamspirit.
60.
WhichcouldbethebesttitleforthetextA.
ImprovequalityServebetter.
B.
DelivervaluePloughahead.
C.
ReducetimeMovefaster.
D.
NeedspeedSlowdown.
【文章大意】文章讲述了速度策略在商业中所起的重要作用.
为了发展,取得效益并不意味着加速,也需要适时减速.

57.
【解析】选B.
词义猜测题,由语言环境可以推知"那些想努力获得优势的公司反而最终会失败".
gainanedge获得优势.
58.
【解析】选D.
语意判断题,由第三段Howdidtheydisobeythelawsofbusinessphysics,takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetter可知,他们花费更多的时间来赚取利润这是违背基本的商业规律的:花较少的时间,赚取较大利润.

59.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题,由第四段Inourstudy,higher-performingcompanieswithstrategicspeedalwaysmadechangeswhennecessary.
可知.
60.
【解析】选D.
主旨大意题,纵观全文可知速度策略是公司之间最大的不同,想持续发展的反而会慢下脚步.
故选D.
Passage2(2011浙江卷C)Inthemoreandmorecompetitiveserviceindustry,itisnolongerenoughtopromisecustomersatisfaction.
Today,customer"delight"iswhatcompaniesaretryingtoachieveinordertokeepandincreasemarketshare.
Itisacceptedinthemarketingindustry,andconfirmedbyanumberofresearchers,thatcustomersreceivinggoodservicewillpromotebusinessbytellingupto12otherpeople;thosetreatedbadlytelltalesofwoetoupto20people.
Interestingly,80percentofpeoplewhofeeltheircomplaintsarehandledfairlywillstayloyal.
NewchallengesforcustomercarehavecomewhenpeoplecanobtaingoodsandservicesthroughtelephonecallcentersandtheInternet.
Forexample,manycompaniesnowhavetoinvest(投资)alotofmoneyininformationtechnologyandstafftraininginordertocopewiththe"phonerage"—causedbydelaysinansweringcalls,beingcutoffinmid-conversationorleftwaitingforlongperiods.
"Manypeopledonotliketalkingtomachines,"saysDr.
Storey,SeniorLecturerinMarketingatCityUniversityBusinessSchool.
"Banks,forexample,encouragestaffatcallcenterstousecustomerdatatoestablishinstantandgoodrelationshipwiththem.
Theaimistomakethecustomerfeeltheyknowyouandthatyoucantrustthem—thesortofcomfortablefeelingspeoplehaveduringface-to-facechatswiththeirlocalbranchmanager.
"Recommendedwaysofcreatingcustomerdelightinclude:under-promisingandover-delivering(sayingthatarepairwillbecarriedoutwithinfivehours,butgettingitdonewithintwo)replacingafaultyproductimmediately;throwinginagiftvoucher(购物礼券)asanunexpected"thankyou"toregularcustomers;andalwaysreturningcalls,evenwhentheyarecomplaints.
Aimingforcustomerdelightisallverywell,butifservicesdonotreachthehighlevelpromised,disappointmentorworsewillbetheresult.
Thiscanbeeasedbyofferinganapologyandanexplanationofwhytheservicedidnotmeetusualstandardswithempathy(forexample,"Iknowhowyoumustfeel"),andpossiblesolutions(replacement,compensationorwhateverfairnesssuggestsbestmeetsthecase).
Airlinesfacesomeofthetoughestchallengesovercustomercare.
Fiercecompetitionhasconvincedthemthatdelightingpassengersisanimportantmarketingtool,whilethereisgreatpotentialforcustomerangeroverdelayscausedbyweather,unclaimedluggageandtechnicalproblems.
ForBritishAirwaysstaff,awinningtelephonestyleisconsideredvitalinhandlingthelargevolumeofcallsaboutbookingsandflighttimes.
Theyaretrainedtoanswerquickly,withtheirnames,jobtitleanda"weareheretohelp"attitude.
Thecompanyhasinvestedheavilyininformationtechnologytomakesurethatinformationisavailableinstantlyonscreen.
BritishAirwaysalsosaysitscustomercarepoliciesareappliedwithinthecompanyandstaffaretaughttoregardeachotherascustomersrequiringthehigheststandardsofservice.
Customercareisobviouslyheretostayanditwouldbeafoolishcompanythatusedsloganssuchas"wedoasweplease".
Ontheotherhand,themorecustomersarepromised,thegreatertheriskofdisappointment.
50.
WecanlearnfromParagraph2that_______.
A.
complainingcustomersarehardtosatisfyB.
unsatisfiedcustomersreceivebetterserviceC.
satisfiedcustomerscatchmoreattentionD.
well-treatedcustomerspromotebusiness51.
Thewritermentions"phonerage"(Paragraph3)toshowthatA.
customersoftenusephonestoexpresstheirangerB.
peoplestillprefertobuygoodsonlineC.
customercarebecomesmoredemandingD.
customersrelyontheirphonestoobtainservices52.
WhatdoesthewriterrecommendtocreatecustomerdelightA.
Callingcustomersregularly.
B.
Givinga"thankyou"note.
C.
Deliveringaquickerservice.
D.
Promisingmoregifts.
53.
Ifamanagershouldshowhisempathy(Paragraph6),whatwouldheprobablysayA.
"Iknowhowupsetyoumustbe.
"B.
"Iappreciateyourunderstanding.
"C.
"I'msorryforthedelay.
D.
"Iknowit'sourfault.
"54.
CustomerdelightisimportantforairlinesbecauseA.
theirtelephonestyleremainsunchangedB.
theyaremorelikelytomeetwithcomplaintsC.
theservicescostthemalotofmoneyD.
thepoliciescanbeappliedtotheirstaff55.
WhichofthefollowingisconveyedinthisarticleA.
Face-to-faceservicecreatescomfortablefeelingsamongcustomers.
B.
Companiesthatpromisemorewillnaturallyattractmorecustomers.
C.
Acompanyshouldpromiselessbutdomoreinacompetitivemarket.
D.
Customerdelightismoreimportantforairlinesthenforbanks.
【文章大意】本篇阐述了顾客的满意度对企业发展的重要作用.
50.
【解析】选D.
推理题.
从该段的".
.
.
customersreceivinggoodservicewillpromotebusinessbytellingupto12otherpeople""可以知道,顾客受到很好的服务能够极大地促进行业活动的发展.

51.
【解析】选C.
细节题.
从该段的首句中的"Newchallengesforcustomercare.
.
.
"可以得知,现在满足顾客的要求又面临新的挑战,再结合划线词后的迟接电话、挂断电话和让顾客等候时间长等,我们可以知道,现在的顾客要求越来越高.

52.
【解析】选C.
细节题.
从第五段的"sayingthatarepairwillbecarriedoutwithinfivehours,butgettingitdonewithintwo)replacingafaultyproductimmediately"可以知道,应该是服务迅速快捷.
53.
【解析】选A.
细节题.
从所给出的例子中可以看出,A项与所给例子意义最接近.

54.
【解析】选B.
细节题.
从文章第七段".
.
.
thatdelightingpassengersisanimportantmarketingtool,whilethereisgreatpotentialforcustomerangeroverdelayscausedbyweather,unclaimedluggageandtechnicalproblems.
"可以知道,航空公司最有可能遇到一些无法控制的因素从而招徕顾客的埋怨.

55.
【解析】选C.
主旨概括题.
从文章最后一段最后一句话可以看出,公司承诺越多,顾客失望越大.
这是本文所要表达的主旨所在.

Passage3(2011辽宁卷D)TheCoalitionfortheHomelessisanorganizationthatseekstoaddresstheneedsofthehomelesspopulationintheUnitedStates.
Itisanetworkofoffices,someofwhichprovidefoodandhousesforthehomelesspopulation,andsomeofwhichfightforthepassingoflawsthatwouldgiveeveryAmericantherighttoaplacetocallhome.
AccordingtotheCoalition'sstudies,ofovertwohundredmillionpeoplelivingintheUnitedStates,uptothreemillionarehomeless—andthenumberisstillgrowing.
Sincethelate1970s,fast-risinghouseprices,largecutsingovernmentsupportedhousingprograms,andeconomicrecession(经济衰退)havemadeitimpossibleformanyAmericanstomeethousingcosts.
Sadly,thishasresultedinanumberofpersonsbeingforcedtoleavetheirhomesand/orunabletofindnewaffordablehomes.
Accordingtoanotherresearch,familieswithchildrenappeartobethefastest-growingpartofthehomelesspopulation,makingup39%ofit.
Theoldideaofahomelessperson,thatofthesinglemanwhogetsdrunkallthetime,isnolongertrue.
Amuchlargerpartofthepopulationnowfindsitselfhomeless.
Evenworse,onceapersonbecomeshomeless,heoftenfindsitimpossibletofindajob,sincemostemployersrequireanyonewhowantsajobfromthemtoprovideahomeaddressonajobapplication.
67.
Theword"address"inthefirstlineprobablymeansA.
talkaboutB.
dealwithC.
fightforD.
writeto68.
HowmanypeoplearehomelessintheU.
S.
accordingtotheCoalitionstudiesA.
39%ofthepopulation.
B.
200millionpeople.
C.
About3millionpeople.
D.
Aboutone-fifthofthepopulation.
69.
Homelesspeopleoftenhavedifficultyfindingajobbecause______.
A.
theyhavenohomeaddressesB.
theymostlyhaveadrinkingproblemC.
theyaren'tsupportedbygovernmentprogramsD.
theyoftendon'thaveenoughworkexperience70.
WhatisthemaincauseoftherisingnumberofthehomelessintheU.
S.
A.
Thepassingofnewhousinglaws.
B.
Thefastgrowthoffamilysize.
C.
Theslowconstructionofhouses.
D.
Theever-risingpriceofhousing.
【文章大意】无家可归者联盟是美国一个为了帮助无家可归的人所建立的组织.
它是一个办公室网络.
一些人为无家可归的人提供食物和住所,一些人为了能够通过确保每个美国人都有权利拥有一个住所的法律而争斗.
目前美国约有300万人无家可归,而且这一数字正在增长.
自从20世纪70年代以来,房价增长,政府减少住房建设支持和经济衰退使得越来越多的人买不起住房,而且买不起房子的人更有可能找不到工作.

67.
【解析】选B.
词义猜测题.
根据文章第一段可知,这一组织的人员是在努力为无家可归的人做一些事情来解决他们的需要.
dealwith处理,解决,符合句意.
fightfor斗争,在此处语气过于强烈.
故选B.
68.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据文章第五行upto3millionarehomeless可知正确答案为C.
69.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章最后一句sincemostemployersrequireanyonewhowantsajobfromthemtoprovideahomeaddressonajobapplication可知是因为他们在工作申请表上没有家庭住址可填,故选A.
70.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
根据文章第六行"自从20世纪70年代以来,房价增长,政府减少住房建设支持和经济衰退使得越来越多的人买不起住房"可知不断攀升的房价是无家可归的人数量增长的主要原因,故选D.

Passage4(2011上海卷C)HumanremainsofancientsettlementswillbereburiedandlosttoscienceunderalawthatthreatensresearchintothehistoryofhumansinBritain,agroupofleadingarcheologists(考古学家)says.
Inaletteraddressedtothejusticesecretary,KenClarke,40archaeologistswriteoftheir"deepandwidespreadconcern"abouttheissue.
ItcentersonthelawintroducedbytheMinistryofJusticein2008whichrequiresallhumanremainsunearthedinEnglandandWalestobereburiedwithintwoyears,regardlessoftheirage.
Thedecisionmeansscientistshavetoolittletimetostudybonesandotherhumanremainsofnationalandculturalsignificance.
"Yourcurrentrequirementthatallarchaeologicallyunearthedhumanremainsshouldbereburied,whetherafterastandardperiodoftwoyearsorafurtherspecialextension,iscontrarytobasicprinciplesofarchaeologicalandscientificresearchandofmuseumpractice,"theywrite.
Thelawappliestoanypiecesofboneuncoveredataround400digsites,includingtheremainsof60orsobodiesfoundatStonehengein2008thatdatebackto3,000BC.
Archaeologistshavebeengrantedatemporaryextensiontogivethemmoretime,buteventuallytheboneswillhavetobereturnedtotheground.
ThearrangementsmayresultinthewasteoffuturediscoveriesatsitessuchasHappisburghinNorfolk,wherediggingiscontinuingafterthediscoveryofstonetoolsmadebyearlyhumans950,000yearsago.
IfhumanremainswerefoundatHappisburgh,theywouldbetheoldestinnorthernEuropeandthefirstindicationofwhatthisspecieswas.
Underthecurrentpracticeofthelawthoseremainswouldhavetobereburiedandeffectivelydestroyed.
Before2008,guidelinesallowedfortheproperpreservationandstudyofbonesofsufficientageandhistoricalinterest,whiletheBurialAct1857appliedtomorerecentremains.
TheMinistryofJusticeassuredarchaeologiststwoyearsagothatthelawwastemporary,buthassofarfailedtoreviseit.
MikeParkerPearson,anarchaeologistatSheffieldUniversity,said,"Archaeologistshavebeenextremelypatientbecausewewereledtobelievetheministrywassortingoutthisproblem,butwefeelthatwecannotwaitanylonger.
"Theministryhasnoguidelinesonwhereorhowremainsshouldbereburied,oronwhatrecordsshouldbekept.
72.
Accordingtothepassage,scientistsareunhappywiththelawmainlybecause______.
A.
itisonlyatemporarymeasureonthehumanremainsB.
itisunreasonableandthusdestructivetoscientificresearchC.
itwasintroducedbythegovernmentwithouttheirknowledgeD.
itisvagueaboutwhereandhowtoreburyhumanremains73.
WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassageA.
Temporaryextensionoftwoyearswillguaranteescientistsenoughtime.
B.
HumanremainsoftheoldestspeciesweredugoutatHappisburgh.
C.
Humanremainswillhavetobereburieddespitetheextensionoftime.
D.
Scientistshavebeenwarnedthatthelawcanhardlybechanged.
74.
WhatcanbeinferredabouttheBritishlawgoverninghumanremainsA.
TheMinistryofJusticedidnotintendittoprotecthumanremains.
B.
TheBurialAct1857onlyappliedtoremainsuncoveredbefore1857.
C.
Thelawonhumanremainshasn'tchangedinrecentdecades.
D.
TheMinistryofJusticehasnotdoneenoughaboutthelaw.
75.
WhichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassageA.
Newdiscoveriesshouldbereburied,thegovernmentdemands.
B.
Researchtimeshouldbeextended,scientistsrequire.
C.
Lawonhumanremainsneedsthoroughdiscussion,authoritiessay.
D.
Lawcouldburyancientsecretsforever,archeologistswarn.
【文章大意】本文是一篇关于考古话题的议论文.
英国法律规定出土的文物要重新埋入地下,考古学家们认为这对考古工作是有害的.

72【解析】选B.
归纳总结题.
根据文章第二段中的iscontrarytobasicprinciplesofarchaeologicalandscientificresearchandofmuseumpractice和第四段中的Underthecurrentpracticeofthelawthoseremainswouldhavetobereburiedandeffectivelydestroyed可知考古学家们认为此项法律是不合理的,对考古工作也是有破坏性的,故选B.

73【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据第三段第二句Archaeologistshavebeengrantedatemporaryextensiontogivethemmoretime,buteventuallytheboneswillhavetobereturnedtotheground可知C项正确;根据第三段第二句可知A项说法错误;由第四段中的IfhumanremainswerefoundatHappisburgh,theywouldbetheoldestinnorthernEuropeandthefirstindicationofwhatthisspecieswas可知B项说法错误;文章中没有提到D项所叙说的内容.
74【解析】选D.
判断推理题.
由文章最后一段Theministryhasnoguidelinesonwhereorhowremainsshouldbereburied,oronwhatrecordsshouldbekept可推出D项说法正确;A项说法与文章内容相悖;由第五段可知B项中的副词only绝对化了,不正确;C项中的inrecentdecades说法有误.
75【解析】选D.
主旨大意题.
本文主要讲述考古学家们对法律要求出土的文物要重新被埋入地下一事进行的论述,故选D.

Passage5(2011北京卷D)AstherailroadsandthehighwaysshapedtheAmericanWestinthepastcenturies,anewelectricalgenerating(发电)andtransmission(输送)systemforthe21stcenturywillleavealastingmarkontheWest,forbetterorworse.
Muchoftherealsignificanceofrailroadsandhighwaysisnotintheirdirectphysicaleffectonthescenery,butinthewaysthattheyaffectthesurroundingcommunity.
Thesameistrueofbigsolarplantsandthepowerlinesthatwillbelaiddowntomoveelectricityaround.
The19thcenturysawlandgrants(政府拨地)offeredtorailroadcompaniestobuildthetranscontinentalrailroads,leavingpubliclandinbetweenprivatelyownedland.
InmuchoftheWest,someoftherailroadsectionsweredevelopedwhileothersremainedundeveloped,andinbothcasesthelandownershiphaspresenteduniquechallengestolandmanagement.
Withthecompletionoftheinterstatehighwaysystem,manyofthesmalltowns,whichsprangupasrailwaystopsanddevelopedwell,havelosttheirlifebloodanddied.
BigsolarplantsandtheirpowerlineswillalsohaveeffectsfarbeyondtheirdirectfootprintintheWest.
Thisisnotanargumentagainstbuildingthem.
Weneedalternativeenergybadly,andtoreallytakeadvantageofitweneedtobeabletomoveelectricityaroundfarmorereadilythanwecannow.
Sotrade-offswillhavetobemade.
Somescenicspotswillbesacrificed.
Somespecies(物种)willbeforcedtomove,orwillbecarefullymovedtospecialaccommodations.
Dealswillbestrucktoreducetheimmediateeffects.
Thelastingeffectsofthesetrade-offsareanothermatter.
The21stcenturydevelopmentoftheAmericanWestasanidealplaceforalternativeenergyisgoingtothrowoffalotofpowerandmoneyintheregion.
Therearechancesforthatpowerandmoneytodoalotofgood.
Butitisjustaslikelythattheywillbespentwastefullyandwillleavenewproblemsbehind,justliketherailroadsandthehighways.
Themoneysetasideinnegotiatedtrade-offsandtheinstitutionsthatcontrolitwillshapetheWestfarbeyondtheimmediatefootprintofpowerplantsandtransmissionlines.
Solet'sremembertheeffectsoftherailroadsandthehighwaysasweconstructthesenewpowerplantsintheWest.
67.
WhatwastheproblemcausedbytheconstructionoftherailwaysA.
Smalltownsalongtherailwaysbecameabandoned.
B.
Somerailroadstopsremainedunderused.
C.
LandintheWestwashardtomanage.
D.
Landgrantswentintoprivatehands.
68.
WhatisthemajorconcerninthedevelopmentofalternativeenergyaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphsA.
Thetransmissionofpower.
B.
Theuseofmoneyandpower.
C.
Theconservationofsolarenergy.
D.
Theselectionofanidealplace.
69.
Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsbuildingsolarplantsA.
Cautious.
B.
Approving.
C.
Doubtful.
D.
Disapproving.
70.
WhichisthebesttitleforthepassageA.
HowtheRailwaysHaveAffectedtheWestB.
HowSolarEnergyCouldReshapetheWestC.
HowtheEffectsofPowerPlantsCanBeReducedD.
HowtheProblemsoftheHighwaysHaveBeenSettled【文章大意】从文章的第一段中两个中文注释"发电"和"输送"我们可看出,这是一篇跟发电及输送有关的文章.
文章的第一句话:AstherailwaysandhighwaysshapedtheAmericanWestinthepastcenturies,anewelectricalsystemwillleavealastingmarkontheWest,forbetterorworse.
重点在后面主句上,即:文章要说明的就是这一种新的电力系统是如何或好或坏的影响美国西部地区的.
后面的段落就是在更加深入和详细论述这一新型电力系统的好坏功能.
67.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据第二段inbothcasesthelandownershiphaspresenteduniquechallengestolandmanagement得知因为土地所有权的原因,兴建铁路给土地管理带来了很大挑战.

68.
【解析】选B.
主旨大意题.
根据倒数第二段…isgoingtothrowoffalotofpowerandmoneyintheregion…以及最后一段Themoney…willshape…得知重要的事是对电力与资金的使用.
69.
【解析】选A.
作者态度推断题.
根据第一段…leavealastingmarkontheWest,forbetterorworse和最后一段Themoney…willshapetheWestfarbeyond…Let'sremembertheeffects…作者提醒人们吸取修建铁路与高速公路的教训,可推出作者的态度是谨慎的.
70.
【解析】选B.
归纳主题题.
根据全文得知作者阐述"西部发电输电系统会给西部带来如何影响"这一主题,并举了西部修建铁路与高速公路的影响的例子,引发人们深入思考.

人物传记类Passage1(2011四川卷D)"Experiencemaypossiblybethebestteacher,butitisnotaparticularlygoodteacher.
"YoumightthinkthatWinstonChurchillorperhapsMarkTwainspokethosewords,buttheyactuallycomefromJamesMarch,aprofessoratStanfordUniversityandapioneerinthefieldoforganizationaldecisionmaking.
ForyearsMarch(possiblythewisestphilosopherofmanagement)hasstudiedhowhumansthinkandact,andhecontinuestodosoinhisnewbookTheAmbiguitiesofExperience.
Hebeginsbyremindingusofjusthowfirmlywehavebeenstickingtotheideaofexperientiallearning:"Experienceisrespected;experienceissought;experienceisexplained.
"Theproblemisthatlearningfromexperienceinvolves(涉及)seriouscomplications(复杂化),onesthatarepartofthenatureofexperienceitselfandwhichMarchdiscussesinthebodyofthisbook.
Inoneinterestingpartofthebook,forexample,heturnsadoubtfuleyetowardtheuseofstoriesasthemosteffectivewayofexperientiallearning.
Inoureffortstomakestoriesinteresting,heargues,welosepartofthecomplicatedtruthofthings.
Hesays"Themoreaccurately(精确地)realityispresented,thelessunderstandablethestory,andthemoreunderstandablethestory,thelessrealisticitis.
"Besidesbeingabroadlyknowledgeableresearcher,Marchisalsoapoet,andhisgiftshinesthroughinthedepthofviewsheoffersandthesimplelanguageheuses.
Thoughthebookisshort,itisdemanding:Don'tpickituplookingforquick,easylessons.
Rather,bereadytothinkdeeplyaboutlearningfromexperienceinworkandlife.
53.
Accordingtothetext,JamesMarchisA.
apoetwhousesexperienceinhiswritingB.
ateacherwhoteachesstorywritinginuniversityC.
aresearcherwhostudiesthewayhumansthinkandactD.
aprofessorwhohelpsorganizationsmakeimportantdecisions54.
AccordingtoJamesMarch,experienceA.
isovervaluedB.
iseasytoexplainC.
shouldbeactivelysoughtD.
shouldbehighlyrespected55.
WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3A.
Experiencemakesstoriesmoreaccurate.
B.
Storiesmadeinterestingfailtofullypresentthetruth.
C.
Theuseofstoriesisthebestwayofexperientiallearning.
D.
Storiesareeasiertounderstandwhenrealityismoreaccuratelydescribed.
56.
What'sthepurposeofthistextA.
Tointroduceabook.
B.
Todescribearesearcher.
C.
Toexplainexperientiallearning.
D.
Todiscussorganizationaldecisionmaking.
【文章大意】文章介绍了斯坦福大学的教授JamesMarch的一部书TheAmbiguitiesofExperience《经验的模棱两可性》53.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题,由第一段aprofessoratStanfordUniversityandapioneerinthefieldoforganizationaldecisionmaking.
ForyearsMarch(possiblythewisestphilosopherofmanagement)hasstudiedhowhumansthinkandact,andhecontinuestodosoinhisnewbookTheAmbiguitiesofExperience.
可知.
54.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题,由第二段byremindingusofjusthowfirmlywehavebeenstickingtotheideaofexperientiallearning和第三段heturnsadoubtfuleyetowardtheuseofstoriesasthemosteffectivewayofexperientiallearning.
可知教授JamesMarch认为人们过高的估计了经验.
55.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题,由第三段Themoreaccurately(精确的)realityispresented,thelessunderstandablethestory,andthemoreunderstandablethestory,thelessrealisticitis.
"可知故事不能准确的反映现实.
56.
【解析】选A.
写作意旨题,由第一段提出这部书,到后面简述书的内容以及最后告诉人们怎样去读这部书可以推知,本文主要目的是介绍书.

Passage2(2011山东卷B)TimRichterandhiswife,Linda,hadtaughtforover30yearsnearBuffalo,NewYork—heincomputers,sheinspecialeducation.
"Teachingmeanseverythingtous,"Timwouldsay.
InApril1998,helearnedhewouldneedaheartoperation.
Itwasthekindofnewsthatleadstosomeseriousthinkingaboutlife'spurpose.
Notlongafterthesurgery,TimsawabrochuredescribingImaginationLibrary,aprogramstartedbyDollyParton'sfoundation(基金会)thatmailedabookeverymonthtochildrenfrombirthtoagefiveinthesinger'shometownofSevier,Tennessee.
"Ithought,maybeLindaandIcoulddosomethinglikethiswhenweretire,"Timrecalls.
Heplacedthebrochureonhisdesk,"asareminder".
Fiveyearslater,nowretiredandwiththatbrochurestillonthedesk,Timclickedonimagination-library.
com.
Theprogramhadbeenopeneduptopartnerswhocouldtakeadvantageofbookandpostagediscounts.
ThequalityofthebookswasofgreatconcerntotheRichter's.
Ratherthansignuponline,theywenttoDollywoodforalook-see.
"Wedidn'twanttogivethechildrenrubbish,"saysLinda.
Thebooks---reviewedeachyearbyteachers,literacyspecialists,andDollywoodboardmembers---includedclassicssuchasEzraJackKeats'sTheSnowyDayandnewerbookslikeAnnaDewdney'sLlamaLlamaseries.
Satisfied,thecouplesetuptheRichterFamilyFoundationandgottowork.
Since2004,theyhaveshippedmorethan12,200bookstopreschoolersintheirintheirarea.
MeganWilliams,amotheroffour,ismorethanappreciative:"ThisprogramintroducesustobooksI'veneverheardof.
"TheRichtersspendabout$400amonthsendingbooksto200children.
"Somepeoplesitthereandwaittodie,"saysTim.
"Othersgetasbusyastheycaninthetimetheyhaveleft.
"61.
WhatledTimtothinkseriouslyaboutthemeaningoflifeA.
Hishealthproblem.
B.
Hisloveforteaching.
C.
Theinfluenceofhiswife.
D.
ThenewsfromtheWeb.
62.
WhatdidTimwanttodoafterlearningaboutImaginationLibraryA.
Giveoutbrochures.
B.
Dosomethingsimilar.
C.
Writebooksforchildren.
D.
Retirefrombeingateacher.
63.
Accordingtothetext,DolllyPartonis.
A.
awell-knownsurgeonB.
amotherofafour-year-oldC.
asingerborninTennesseeD.
acomputerprogrammer64.
WhydidtheRichtersgotoDollywoodA.
Toavoidsigninguponline.
B.
TomeetDollywoodboardmembers.
C.
Tomakesurethebookswerethenewest.
D.
Toseeifthebookswereofgoodquality.
65.
WhatcanwelearnfromTim'swordsinthelastparagraphA.
Heneedsmoremoneytohelpthechildren.
B.
Hewonderswhysomepeoplearesobusy.
C.
Hetriestosavethosewaitingtodie.
D.
Heconsidershiseffortsworthwhile.
【文章大意】本篇为人物故事,介绍了身为教师的TimRichter和他的妻子Lida在退休后通过免费送书的方式帮助孩子们的故事.
Richter在经历一次心脏手术之后,他开始思考人生的目的,受到了DollyParton'sfoundation所进行的一个帮助孩子读书的项目的启发,在退休之后开始为孩子免费送高质量的书.
他们从自己所从事的这项事业中获得了满足,也认识到人生的价值所在.

61.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
从文章第一段中的…helearnedhewouldneedaheartoperation.
Itwasthekindofnewsthatleadstosomeseriousthinkingaboutlife'spurpose可知,由于Richter需要心脏手术,这一消息才使得他认真思考人生的目的是什么.

62.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
从文章第二段中的Ithought,maybeLindaandIcoulddosomethinglikethiswhenweretire可知,Tim在了解ImaginationLibrary这个项目后,也有了相同的打算.
63.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
从文章第二段中的…DollyParton'sfoundation(基金会)thatmailedabookeverymonthtochildrenfrombirthtoagefiveinthesinger'shometownofSevier,Tennessee这一句的理解可知,DollyParton是田纳西州的一个歌唱家.
64.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
从文章第四段中的ThequalityofthebookswasofgreatconcerntotheRichter's.
Ratherthansignuponline,theywenttoDollywoodforalook-see可知,TimRichter和Linda到Dollywood去查看的目的就是要保证送给孩子们的图书的质量.

65.
【解析】选D.
判断推理题.
从文章最后一段中可以看出Tim所说的有些人坐在那里等死,说明Tim认为这种人的活法毫无意义,反之另外一些人却在他们剩下的时间里让自己忙碌,这说明了他积极的心态,因为他认为这样做才活得有价值.

Passage3(2011辽宁卷C)ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheautomobile(汽车).
ButHenryForddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.
ThatwaselevenyearsaftertwoGermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobile.
ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworker,insteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.
Thatisnottrue,either.
ManyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeFord.
WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.
Andhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionline.
Intheearlydaysoftheautomobile,almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.
Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.
HenryForddecidedtobuildaracingcar.
Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.
Itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.
Theracewasin1901,atafieldnearDetroit.
Allofthemostfamouscarshadentered,butonlytwowereleft:theWintonandFord's.
TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeed.
Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.
TheWintontookanearlylead.
Buthalfwaythroughtherace,itbegantolosepower.
Fordstartedtogain.
Andneartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.
FordwontheraceanddefeatedtheWinton.
Hisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewell-knownallovertheUnitedStates.
Withinweeksoftherace,HenryFordformedanewautomobilecompany.
In1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.
ThatsalewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.
Fordsaid:"Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople.
Itwillbelargeenoughforthefamily,butsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.
Itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.
Itwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployed.
Anditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodemengineeringcanproduce.
Itwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone.
"TheModelTwasacarofthatkind.
Itonlycost$850.
Itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.
DoctorsboughttheModelT.
Sodidfarmers.
Evencriminals.
Theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.
AmericanslovedtheModelT.
Theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.
ThousandsofModelTswerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.
63.
WhatdoweknowaboutHenryFordfromParagraph1A.
Hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.
B.
Heproducedthefirstcarintheworld.
C.
Heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.
D.
Heinventedtheproductionline.
64.
WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carraceA.
Toshowoffhisdrivingskills.
B.
Todrawpublicattention.
C.
Tolearnaboutnewtechnology.
D.
Toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.
65.
"Thatsale"inParagraph4refersto.
A.
thesellingofFordcarsatreducedpricesB.
thesaleofModelTtothemassofpeopleC.
thesellingofacartoaDetroitdoctorD.
thesalestargetfortheFordCompany66.
WhatwasHenryFord'sdreamaccordingtothetextA.
Producingcarsforaveragecustomers.
B.
Buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.
C.
Designingmorecarmodels.
D.
Startingmorecompanies.
【文章大意】人们都认为是亨利福特创造了汽车,而实际上莱茵兄弟早在11年前就已发明了世界上的第一辆汽车;人们以为是亨利福特创立了汽车生产线,把零部件运到了工人的身边,而实际上很多的制造商在此之前已经使用了这一方法.
福特只是使别人的想法更加的完美.
在1901年福特通过赢得了汽车竞赛而名声大噪.
他不仅建立了自己的工厂,销售出了第一辆汽车,还生产出了大多数人都能买得起的汽车.

63.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章第一段最后WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.
可得知福特擅长利用别的的想法,故选A.
64.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章第二段第二句Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.
可知福特是想借机吸引公众的注意,故选B.
65.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
根据前一句:在1903年底特律的一位医生买下了公司里的第一辆汽车,可知这一销售是福特梦想的开端,因此Thatsale是指把车卖给了一名医生,故选C.
66.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章倒数第二段福特所说的那段话可知他的梦想就是制造普通人民大众都可以买的起的福特车.
故选A.

Passage4(2011陕西卷B)MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.
However,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.
BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries'twodaughters.
Alongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.
ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.
IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandphysics.
WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingX-rayfacilities(设备)tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedsoldiers.
IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgium.
HerserviceswererecognizedintheformofaMilitaryMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.
In1918,Irenebecamehermother'sassistantattheCurieInstitute.
InDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhiswork.
Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin1926.
TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.
Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.
Likehermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.
Unfortunately,alsolikehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity(辐射能).
IreneJoliot-CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.
49.
WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedalA.
Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.
B.
Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.
C.
BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.
D.
Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.
50.
WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFredericJoliotA.
AttheCurieInstitute.
B.
AttheUniversityofParis.
C.
Atamilitaryhospital.
D.
AttheCollegeofSevigne.
51.
WhenwasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotbornA.
In1932B.
In1927C.
In1897D.
In192652.
InwhichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuiredifferentfromhermotherA.
Ireneworkedwithradioactivity.
B.
Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.
C.
IrenewontheNobelPrizeonceD.
Irenediedfromleukemia.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了居里夫人的生平.
居里夫人一生从事与X射线相关的工作,这无疑在很大程度上受到了她母亲的影响.
她为人类的医学做出了重大贡献.

49.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章第三自然段IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgium.
HerserviceswererecognizedintheformofaMilitary'sMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.
可知,居里在当时法国和比利时的军事医院进一步完善X射线设施,她的贡献被法国政府所认可.
故B项正确.

50.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章第四段InDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhiswork.
可知答案为A项.
51.
【解析】选A.
判断推理题.
根据文章第四段Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin1926.
TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.
可知:他们在1926年结婚,1927年他们的女儿出生,五年之后他们的儿子出生,由此可知,他们的儿子出生在1932年.

52.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
本题涉及到的段落较多.
要求选出居里夫人与她母亲在哪个方面有所不同,她和母亲都是从事与X射线相关的工作,A项为共同点;B项根据文章最后一段Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.
可知为共同点;D项母女两人都是死于白血病也是共同点,根据文章最后一段可知,C项为正确答案,居里夫人曾经获得诺贝尔奖,这是其与母亲不同之处.

Passage5(2011陕西卷C)InearlyautumnIappliedforadmissiontocollege.
IwantedtogonowherebuttoCornellUniversity,butmymotherfoughtstronglyagainstit.
WhenshesawmestudyingaphotographofmyfatheronthesportsgroundofCornell,shetoreitup.
"Youcan'tsayit'snotagreatuniversity,justbecausePapawentthere.
""That'snotitatall.
Anditisatopuniversity.
"Shewasstillholdingthepiecesinherhand.
"Butwecan'taffordtosendyoutocollege.
""Iwouldn'tdreamofaskingyouformoney.
DoyouwantmetogetajobtohelpsupportyouandPapaThingsaren'tthatbad,arethey""No,"shesaid.
"Idon'texpectyoutohelpsupportus.
"Fatherborrowedmoneyfromhisrichcousinstostartasmalljewelleryshop,Hischiefcustomerswerehisoldcollegefriends.
Togetnewcustomers,mymotherhadtohelp.
Shepickedupalong-forgottenmembershipinthelocalleagueofwomen,sothatshecouldgettoknowmorepeople.
Whetherthosepeoplewouldturnintocustomerswasanotherquestion.
Iknewthatmyparentshadtowaitforquitealongtimebeforetheirsmallinvestment(投资)couldshowreturns.
What'smore,theyhadnotwantedenoughtoberichandsuccessful;otherwisetheycouldnotpossiblyhavemanagedtheirlivessobadly.
Iwastornbetweenthedesiretohelpthemandchangetheirlives,andthedeterminationnottorepeattheirmistakes.
IhadastrongbeliefinmypowertogetwhatIwanted.
AftermonthsofhardstudyIwonafullcollegescholarship(奖学金).
Myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme,andmymothereventuallygaveinbeforemysuccess.
53.
TheauthorwasnotallowedtogotoCornellUniversitymainlybecause______.
A.
hisfathergraduatedfromtheuniversityB.
hismotherdidnotthinkitagreatuniversityC.
hisparentsneededhimtohelpsupportthefamilyD.
hisparentsdidnothaveenoughmoneyforhim54.
Thefatherstartedhissmallshopwiththemoneyfrom_A.
alocalleagueB.
hisuniversityC.
hisrelativesD.
hiscollegefriends55.
WhydidthemotherrenewhermembershipintheleagueA.
Tohelpwithherhusband'sbusinessB.
ToraisemoneyforhersonC.
Tomeetherlong-forgottenfriendsD.
Tobettermanageherlife56.
Accordingtothetext,whatwastheauthordeterminedtodointhatautumnA.
Togetawell-paidjobforhimselfB.
ToimproverelationswithhismotherC.
TogotohisdreamuniversityD.
Tocarryonwithhisfather'sbusiness【文章大意】当"我"考上自己梦寐以求的大学的时候,母亲却要断然拒绝我的梦想.
原因很简单,那就是家里无法承担上大学的费用.
在经历了一番思想斗争之后,我最终还是选择了去上自己梦寐以求的大学.

53.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据文章第三段"Butwecan'taffordtosendyoutocollege.
"可知母亲反对"我"去那所大学的主要原因在于无法负担起"我"的大学费用.

54.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据第六段首句Fatherborrowedmoneyformhisrichcousinstostartasmalljewelleryshop可知,父亲开始从事珠宝店的钱是从富有的堂兄弟那里借来的.
故选C项.

55.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章第六段Togetnewcustomers,mymotherhadtohelp.
Shepickedupalong-forgottenmembershipinthelocalleagueofwomen,sothatshecouldgettoknowmorepeople.
可知,母亲为了让父亲的珠宝店能够维持下去,有更多的新顾客,只能和以前很长时间都没有联系的人恢复联系.
故选A项.

56.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据文章最后一自然段IhadastrongbeliefinmypowertogowhatIwanted.
可知C项正确.
作者最后的决定是不再重复父母亲的错误,毅然选择了自己梦寐以求的大学.

Passage6(2011湖南卷B)MyfatherwasChiefEngineerofamerchantship,whichwassunkinWordWarⅡ.
ThebookNightoftheU-boatstoldthestory.
MemoriesInSeptember,1940,mymother,sisterandIwenttoSwansea,wheremyfather'sshipwasgettingreadytosail.
Webroughthimafamilyphotographtobekeptwithhimatalltimesandkeephimsafe.
ThenIremembermymotherlyingfacedown,sobbing.
Shehadheardfromafriendthattheshiphadbeensunkbyatorpedo(鱼雷).
Icanrememberthearrivalofthetelegram(电报),whichinthosedaysalwaysbroughtbadnews.
Mygrandmotheropenedit.
Itread,"Safe.
LoveTed.
"Mymostvividmemoryisbeingwokenandbroughtdowntositonmyfather'sknee,hisarminabandage.
HewasjudgedunfittoreturntoseaandtookashorejobinGlasgowfortherestofthewar.
ForaslongasIcanremember,hehadaweakheart.
Mothersaiditwascausedbythetorpedoes.
Hesaiditwasbecauseofthecigarettes.
Whichever,hediedsuddenlyinhisearly50s.
TenyearslaterIreadNightoftheU-boutsandwasabletocompletethestory.
TorpedoOnetorpedostrucktheship.
Fatherwasintheengineroom,wherethethirdengineerwaskilled.
Heshutdowntheenginestoslowtheshipmakingiteasierforittobeabandoned.
Bythetimehegotondeck(甲板)hewasalone.
Everylifeboatwasgoneexceptonewhichhadstuckfast.
Whenhetriedtocutitfree,itswungagainsttheship,injuringhishandandarm.
Hehadnochoicebuttojump—stillwiththephotographinhispacket.
Threedayslater,heandothersurvivorsweresafeinGlasgow.
All23withhimsignedthebackofthephotograph.
AToastInmyroomisthebookandthephotograph.
Often,glassinhand,IhavewonderedhowIwouldhavedealtwithanexplosion,asinkingship,ajumpintoavastoceanandawaitforrescueLest(以免)weforget,Ihavesomemorewhiskyandtoasttheheroesofthewar.
61.
WecaninferthatthemotherandchildrenwenttoSwansea_____.
A.
tomeetafriendB.
toseethefatheroffC.
totakeafamilyphotoD.
toenjoythesailingoftheship62.
WhatdidtheauthorlearnaboutthefatherfromthetelegramA.
Hewasstillalive.
B.
Hiskneewasbroken.
C.
Hisshiphadbeensunk.
D.
HehadarrivedinGlasgow.
63.
Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph6referstothefather's_____.
A.
weakheartB.
takingashorejobC.
failuretoreturntoseaD.
injurycausedbyatorpedo64.
Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor'sfatherafterhisshipwasattackedA.
Helosthisarm.
B.
Herepairedtheengines.
C.
Hemanagedtotakealifeboat.
D.
Hewasthelasttoleavetheship.
65.
WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutA.
Agroupofforgottenheroes.
B.
Abookdescribingaterrifyingbattle.
C.
Ashipengineer'swartimeexperience.
D.
Amerchant'smemoriesofasearescue.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文.
文章介绍了一位首席工程师在二战中的经历.

61.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
根据Memories下面的第一段第一句…mymother,sisterandIwenttoSwansea,wheremyfather'sshipwasgettingreadytosail,父亲的船只准备起航,我们当然是去送行.
62.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
根据Memories下面的第四段最后一句Itread,"Safe.
LoveTed.
"可知父亲还活着.
63.
【解析】选A.
词义猜测题.
可在本段第二句中找到答案.
64.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据Torpedo下面的第二段第一句Bythetimehegotondeck(甲板)hewasalone可知.
65.
【解析】选C.
主旨大意题.
文章介绍了一位首席工程师在二战中的经历.

Passage7(2011天津卷B)Inthefallof1985,Iwasabright-eyedgirlheadingofftoHowardUniversity,aimingatalegalcareeranddreamingofsittingonaSupremeCourtbenchsomewhere.
Twenty-oneyearslaterIamstillabright-eyeddreamerandonewithquiteadifferenttaletotell.
Mygrandma,anamazingwoman,graduatedfromcollegeattheageof65.
Shewasthefirstinourfamilytoreachthatgoal.
ButoneyearafterIstartedcollege,shedevelopedcancer.
Imadethechoicetowithdrawfromcollegetocareforher.
Itmeantthatschoolandmypersonaldreamwouldhavetowait.
ThenIgotmarriedwithanotherdream:buildingmyfamilywithacombinationofadoptedandbiologicalchildren.
In1999,weadoptedourfirstson.
Tolayeyesonhimwasfantastic---andveryemotional.
Ayearlatercameoursecondadoptedboy.
ThenfollowedsonNo.
3.
In2003,Igavebirthtoanotherboy.
YoucanimaginehowfullyoccupiedIbecame,raisingfourboysundertheageof8.
Ourhomewasacompletezoo---ajoyouszoo.
Notsurprising,Ineverdidmakeitbacktocollegefull-time.
ButInevergaveuponthedreameither.
Ihadonlyonechoice:tofindaway.
Thatmeanttakingasfewasoneclasseachsemester.
ThehardestpartwasfeelingguiltyaboutthetimeIspentawayfromtheboys.
Theyoftenwantedmetostayhomewiththem.
TherecertainlyweretimesIwantedtoquit,butIknewIshouldsetanexampleforthemtofollowthroughtherestoftheirlives.
In2007,IgraduatedfromtheUniversityofNorthCarolina.
Ittookmeover21yearstogetmycollegedegree!
Iamnotspecial,justsingle-minded.
Italwaysstruckmethatwhenyou'relookingatabigchallengefromtheoutsideitlookshuge,butwhenyou'reinthemidstofit,itjustseemsnormal.
Everythingyouwantwon'tarriveinyourlifeononeday.
It'saprocess.
Remember:littlestepsadduptobigdreams.
41.
WhentheauthorwenttoHowardUniversity,herdreamwastobe.
A.
awriterB.
ateacherC.
ajudgeD.
adoctor42.
WhydidtheauthorquitschoolinhersecondyearofcollegeA.
Shewantedtostudybyherself.
B.
Shefellinloveandgotmarried.
C.
Shesufferedfromaseriousillness.
D.
Shedecidedtolookafterhergrandma.
43.
WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromParagraphs4and5Shewasbusyyethappywithherfamilylife.
Sheignoredherguiltyfeelingforhersons.
Shewantedtoremainafull-timehousewife.
Shewastooconfusedtomakeacorrectchoice.
WhatdosetheauthormostlywanttotellusinthelastparagraphFailureisthemotherofsuccess.
Littlebylittle,onegoesfar.
Everycoinhastwosides.
Wellbegun,halfdone.
45.
WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthorCaringanddetermined.
Honestandresponsible.
Ambitiousandsensitive.
Innocentandsingle-minded.
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记,主要介绍了作者为了照顾得癌症的祖母而放弃梦想,婚后在照顾四个孩子的同时重新实现了梦想的过程.
前后历经21年多,最终拿到了法律文凭,从而让人们明白了:有志者事竟成,千里之行始于足下.

41.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
由第一段中aimingatlegalcareeranddreamingofsittingonaSupremeCourtbenchsomewhere目标是法律职业以及梦想着坐上美国联邦最高法院的板凳,得出C项法官.

42.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
第二段中shedevelopedcancer.
Imadeachoicetowithdrawfromcollegetocareforher祖母得了癌症.
我只得辍学去照顾她.
故选D.
选项A,B,C不符合题意.
43.
【解析】选A.
主旨大意题.
由joyouszoo欢乐的动物园可以看出作者是快乐的,同时作者既上着大学还要照顾四个八岁以下的孩子,所以作者忙并快乐着,故选A.
B项和文意正好相反,作者不是忽视对孩子的内疚而是感到内疚.
C项她想做个全职的家庭主妇,与文章不符合.
D项她感到迷惑不能做出正确的选择与文章说的要为孩子做出榜样不相符合.

44.
【解析】选B.
作者意图题.
最后一段说到当你遇到挑战时,从外面看好像很难,但当你身在其中时,其实是很平常的事.
你想要的东西不会在某一天就有,它是一个过程.
记住:千里之行,始于足下.
所以选B.
A项是失败是成功之母,C项事物都有它的两面性,D项是良好的开端是成功的一半,都不符合文意.

45.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
本文主要讲述了作者为了照顾祖母而放弃梦想,婚后在照顾四个孩子的同时重新实现了梦想.
所以作者是个有爱心和决心的人.
故选A.
B项诚实和责任感的人,C项有雄心和敏感的人,D项幼稚和专一的人,都只是说了一个方面,所以不对.

Passage8(2011广东卷C)Ayearaftergraduation,Iwasofferedapositionteachingawritingclass.
TeachingwasaprofessionIhadneverseriouslyconsidered,thoughseveralofmystorieshadbeenpublished.
Iacceptedthejobwithouthesitation,asitwouldallowmetowearatieandgobythenameofMr.
Davis.
Myfatherwentbythesamename,andIlikedtoimaginepeoplegettingthetwoofusconfused.
"Waitaminute,"someonemightsay,"areyoutalkingaboutMr.
Davistheretiredman,orMr.
Davistherespectablescholar"Thepositionwasofferedatthelastminute,andIwasgiventwoweekstoprepare,aperiodIspentsearchingforbriefcase(公文包)andstandingbeforemyfull-lengthmirror,repeatingthewords,"Hello,class.
I'mMr.
Davis.
"SometimesIwouldgivemyselfanaggressivevoice.
SometimesIwouldsoundexperienced.
Butwhenthedayeventuallycame,mynerveskickedinandthetrueMr.
Daviswasthere.
Isoundednotlikeathoughtfulprofessor,butrathera12-year-oldboy.
Iarrivedintheclassroomwithpapercardsdesignedintheshapeofmapleleaves.
Ihadcutthemmyselfoutoforangeconstructionpaper.
Isawninestudentsalongalongtable.
Ihandedoutthecards,andthestudentswrotedowntheirnamesandfastenedthemtotheirbreastpocketsasIrequired.
"Allrightthen,"Isaid.
"Okay,herewego.
"ThenIopenedmybriefcaseandrealizedthatIhadneverthoughtbeyondthismoment.
Ihadbeenthinkingthatthestudentswouldbethefirsttotalk,offeringtheirthoughtsandopinionsontheeventsoftheday.
IhadimaginedthatIwouldsitattheedgeofthedesk,overlookingaforestsofraisedhands.
Everystudentwouldshouttobeheard,andIwouldknockonsomethinginordertosilencethem.
Iwouldyell,"Calmdown,you'llallgetyourturn.
Oneatatime,oneatatime!
"Aterriblesilenceruledtheroom,andseeingnootheropinions,Iinstructedthestudentstopullouttheirnotebooksandwriteabriefessayrelatedtothethemeofdeepdisappointment.
36.
Theauthortookthejobtoteachwritingbecause______.
A.
hewantedtoberespectedB.
hehadwrittensomestoriesC.
hewantedtopleasehisfatherD.
hehaddreamedofbeingateacher37.
WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromParagraph2A.
Hewouldbeaggressiveinhisfirstclass.
B.
Hewaswell-preparedforhisfirstclass.
C.
Hegotnervousuponthearrivalofhisfirstclass.
D.
Hewaitedlongforthearrivalofhisfirstclass.
38.
Beforehestartedhisclass,theauthoraskedthestudentsto______.
A.
writedowntheirsuggestionsonthepapercardsB.
cutmapleleavesoutoftheconstructionpaperC.
cutsomecardsoutoftheconstructionpaperD.
writedowntheirnamesonthepapercards39.
WhatdidthestudentsdowhentheauthorstartedhisclassA.
Theybegantotalk.
B.
Theystayedsilent.
C.
Theyraisedtheirhands.
D.
Theyshoutedtobeheard.
40.
Theauthorchosethecompositiontopicprobablybecause______.
A.
hegotdisappointedwithhisfirstclassB.
hehadpreparedthetopicbeforeclassC.
hewantedtocalmdownthestudentsD.
hethoughtitwasaneasytopic【文章大意】这篇文章记录了作者所教授的第一堂课.
作者对自己成为一名教师无比激动,一心想成为一名备受尊敬的教师.
为了自己的第一堂课,他苦苦花了两个星期准备仪表举止、模拟讲演.
然而当第一节课真正到来时,他才发现课堂的氛围并没有自己想象的那么热烈,周围只是一片寂静,作者满心的渴望与期待化为了泡影.
英语谚语说得好:Hopeforthebest;preparefortheworst.
/Themoreyouareexpecting,themoreyou'llbedisappointed.
36.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
通过理解第一段中尤其是第一段最后一句,我们可以知道教学并不是作者曾经考虑过的职业,他从事教师这一项职业的原因是为了得到别人的尊敬与认可,所以选择A.
37.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
第二段明述了他为第一节课所作的大量的准备,但通过后两句Butwhenthedayeventuallycame,….
butrathera12-year-oldboy.
"可以看出事实上他并没有准备好,而是开始紧张起来,这与选项C相符.
38.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
第三段有明确的叙述.
39.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
文章最后一段"Aterriblesilenceruledtheroom,andseeingnootheropinions"表明事实与作者先前的设想大相径庭,自己的课堂没有学生热烈的提问,只有一片寂静.
40.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
略读这篇文章我们就可以发现作者在自己教授的第一堂课上经历了一个由激动紧张到伤心失落的心理过程,自己的课堂只有寂静而没有热闹,令作者失望.
所以作者结合当时自己的感受,会选择"disappointment"作为课堂作文主题.
Passage9(2011全国卷IIE)"Ididn'thearthemcallmyname,"explainedShelleyHennigtoActiveTeens(AT)asshetalkedaboutthatexcitingmomentonnationaltelevisionwhenshewonthehonorofMissTeenUSA2004.
"Areyouready"iswhatsheheard.
Thenshesaid,"Ishookmyheadno,andthentheysaid'yes'anditwasannouncedagain.
"Itwasfourdaysafterthatlifechangingmomentfortheseventeen-year-oldhighschoolstudentfromDestrehan,Louisiana—shewasstilloncloudnine.
"Iwassoshocked!
Ineverbelievedthatitcouldactuallyreallyhappen.
"Presentintheaudience(观众)thatdaywere:hermotherandfather,olderbrother,herfriends,andherdanceteacher.
Understandingwhymembersofherfamilyandherfriendswouldbethere,ATaskedwhyherdanceteacherhadtraveledsofartoseehercompete(比赛).
"She'salwaysbeenmyrolemodel.
I'vedancedwithhersinceIwassix.
She'sbeenthroughsomanydifficultiesandcamethroughthemall.
I'velearnedtogetoverbadlife'sexperiencesandlearnedhowtomoveonbecauseofher.
"Oneofthosebadlife'sexperiencesforShelleyhappenedthreeyearsagowhenherbrotherBradwaskilledinadrunkdrivingaccident.
Hewas18.
Shefoundwritinghelpedhergetthroughtheroughdays.
Shesaid,"Iwritealotaboutmybrother.
Iwritealot,alot,alot.
.
.
"AsMissLouisianaTeen,shetraveledaroundthestatespeakingtoteens(青少年)aboutthedangersofdrinkinganddriving.
InherroleasMissTeenUSA,Shelleywillcontinuetospeaktoyouthaboutsafedriving,inadditiontomanyotherthingstohelptheyouth.
WhenATaskedMissTeenUSAifshehadanyadviceforourreaders,shesaid,"Don'tletanyonechangeyou.
Hangoutwithpeoplethatmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.
Thatway,itiseasytobeyourself.
"56.
Whatdothewords"oncloudnine"inParagraph2probablymeanA.
frightenedB.
troubledC.
veryhappyD.
veryangry57.
Shelleytakesherdanceteacherasarolemodelmainlybecausesheis______.
A.
determinedB.
friendlyC.
strictD.
experienced58.
HowmanychildrendidtheHennigshaveaccordingtothetextA.
1.
B.
2.
C.
3.
D.
4.
59.
WhatdidShelleyoftendoaftershebecameMissLouisianaTeenA.
Shevisiteddrunkendrivers.
B.
Shegavedanceperformances.
C.
Shemadespeechesonsafedriving.
D.
Shehelpedotherteenswiththeirstudies.
60.
WhatsuggestiondoesShelleygivetotheteensA.
Beyourselfwiththesupportoffriends.
B.
Meetfriendswheneverpossible.
C.
Goeasyonyourselfandothers.
D.
Haveagoodrolemodel.
【文章大意】本文属于人物传记类.
文章讲述了ShelleyHennig赢得了2004年美国妙龄小姐这一荣誉,进而讲述了Shelley的一些经历,作为妙龄小姐,她一直在提醒青少年要安全驾驶,同时建议青少年要做真正的自己.

56.
【解析】选C.
词义猜测题.
根据文章前文讲述Shelley得到2004美国妙龄少女的荣誉是非常兴奋非常激动的,所以推断在这之后的第四天仍然很高兴,故答案为C.

57.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
根据文章倒数第四段"She'sbeenthroughsomanydifficultiesandcamethroughthemall.
I'velearnedtogetoverbadlife'sexperiencesandlearnedhowtomoveonbecauseofher.
"可知她的舞蹈老师经历了很多困难并且都克服了,她因此也学会了克服生活中不好的经历学会继续前行.
因而我们推断出Shelley之所以把她的舞蹈老师作为榜样主要是因为她的舞蹈老师坚定,意志力坚强.
故答案为A.

58.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
文章第三段提到那天出席的观众中有一个哥哥,后面又提到另一位哥哥在车祸中身亡,再加上Shelly.
故Hennig一家共有三个孩子,答案为C.

59.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
由文章倒数第二段第一句话"AsMissLouisianaTeen,shetraveledaroundthestatespeakingtoteen(青少年)aboutthedangersofdrinkinganddriving.
"可知.
60.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
由文章最后一段中"Don'tletanyonechangeyou.
Hangoutwithpeoplethatmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.
Thatway,itiseasytobeyourself.
"可知.
Passage10(2011重庆卷D)WilliamButlerYeats,amostfamousIrishwriter,wasborninDublinonJune13,1865.
Hischildhoodlackedtheharmony(和睦)thatwastypicalofahappyfamily.
Later,Yeatsshockedhisfamilybysayingthatheremembered"littleofchildhoodbutitspain".
Infact,heinherited(继承)excellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.
Buthefinallysettledonliterature,particularlydrama(戏剧)andpoetry.
Yeatshadstrongfaithinthecomingofnewartisticmovements.
HesethimselfthefreshtaskinfoundinganIrishnationaltheatreinthelate1890s.
Hisearlytheatricalexperiments,however,werenotreceivedfavorablyatthebeginning.
Hedidn'tloseheart,andfinallyenjoyedsuccessinhispoeticaldrama.
Comparedwithhisdramaticworks,Yeats'spoemsattractmuchadmiringnotice.
Thesubjectmatterincludeslove,nature,history,timeandaging.
ThoughYeatsgenerallyreliedonverytraditionalforms,hebroughtmodernsensibilitytothem.
Ashisliterarylifeprogressed,hispoetrygrewfinerandricher,whichledhimtoworldwiderecognition.
HehadnotenjoyedamajorpubliclifesincewinningtheNobelPrizein1923.
Yet,hecontinuedwritingalmosttotheendofhislife.
HadYeatsstoppedwritingatage40,hewouldprobablynowbevaluedasaminorpoet,forthereisnootherexampleinliteraryhistoryofapoetwhoproduceshisgreatestworksbetweentheagesof50and75.
AfterYeats'sdeathin1939,W.
H.
Audenwrote,amongothers,thefollowinglines:Earth,receiveanhonouredguest:WilliamYeatsislaidtorest.
LettheIrishvessel(船)lie.
Emptiedofitspoetry.
68.
WhichofthefollowingcandescribeYeats'sfamilyA.
ItfilledYeats'schildhoodwithlaughter.
B.
ItwasshockedbyYeats'schoice.
C.
Itwasatypicallywealthyfamily.
D.
Ithadanartisticatmosphere.
69.
Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutYeats'slifeA.
YeatsfoundedthefirstIrishtheatre.
B.
Yeatsstucktomodernformsinhispoetry.
C.
Yeatsbegantoproducehisbestworksfromthe1910s.
D.
Yeatswasnotfavoredbythepublicuntilthe1923NobelPrize.
70.
WhatkindoffeelingisexpressedinW.
H.
Auden'slinesA.
Envy.
B.
Sympathy.
C.
Emptiness.
D.
Admiration.
71.
WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutA.
Yeats'sliteraryachievements.
B.
Yeats'shistoricalinfluence.
C.
Yeats'sartisticambition.
D.
Yeats'snationalhonor.
【文章大意】本文为人物传记,讲述了WilliamButlerYeats的成长经历,催人奋进.
68.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
由第一段Infact,heinherited(继承)excellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.
可知选D.
69.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
文中提到他出生于1865年,五十岁到七十五岁之间写出最伟大的作品,因此计算可知C项正确.

70.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
由Auden所写的挽词Emptiedofitspoetry可看出,他对逝者的钦佩,故选D.
71.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
本文主要讲述了没有因为当画家的父母的熏陶成为艺术家,而是成长为了一名文学巨人.
故选A.

Passage11(2011福建卷D)JacquelineBouvierKennedyOnassiswasoneofthemostprivatewomenintheworld,yetwhenshewenttoworkasaneditorinthelasttwodecadesofherlife,sherevealed(展现)herselfasshedidnowhereelse.
Afterthedeathofhersecondhusband,Greekshippingmagnate(巨头)AristotleOnassis,Jacqueline'sclosefriendandformerWhiteHousesocialsecretaryLetitiaBaldrigemadeasuggestionthatsheconsideracareer(职业)inpublishing.
Afterconsideration,Jacquelineacceptedit.
Perhapsshehopedtofindtheresomeideasabouthowtoliveherownlife.
Shebecamenotlessbutmoreinterestedinreading.
Forthelast20yearsofherlife,Jacquelineworkedasapublisher'seditor,firstatViking,thenatDoubleday,pursuing(追求)alate-lifecareerlongerthanhertwomarriagescombined.
Duringhertimeinpublishing,shewasresponsibleformanagingandeditingmorethan100successfullymarketedbooks.
AmongthefirstbookswereIntheRussianStyleandInventiveParisClothes.
ShealsosucceededinpersuadingTVhostsBillMoyersandJosephCampbelltotransformtheirpopulartelevisionconversationsintoabook,ThePowerofMyth.
Thebookwentontobecomeaninternationalbest-seller.
Shedealt,too,withMichaelJacksonashepreparedhisautobiography(自传),Moonwalk.
Jacquelinemayhavebeenhiredforhernameandforhersocialrelations,butshesoonprovedherworth.
Herchoices,suggestionsandwidespreadsocialrelationswereofbenefitbothtothepublishingfirmsandtoJacquelineherself.
Inthebookssheselectedforpublication,shebuiltonalifetimeofspendingtimebyherselfasareaderandleftarecordofthegrowthofhermind.
Herbooksaretheautobiographysheneverwrote.
HerroleasFirstlady,intheend,wasovershadowedbyherperformanceasaneditor.
However,fewknewthatshehadachievedsomuch.
68.
WecanlearnfromthepassagethatJacqueline.
A.
becamefondofreadingafterworkingasaneditorB.
wasinchargeofpublishing100booksC.
promotedherbooksthroughsocialrelationsD.
gainedalotfromhercareerasaneditor69.
Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat.
A.
JacquelineendedupasaneditorratherthanasFirstLadyB.
Jacqueline'slifeasFirstLadywasmorecolorfulthanasaneditorC.
JacquelinewasmoresuccessfulasaneditorthanasFirstLadyD.
Jacqueline'sroleasFirstLadywasmorebrilliantthanasaneditor70.
WhatcanbeinferredfromthepassageA.
Jacqueline'stwomarriageslastedmorethan20years.
B.
Jacqueline'sownpublishingfirmwassetupeventually.
C.
Jacqueline'sviewsandbeliefswerereflectedinthebookssheedited.
D.
Jacqueline'sachievementswerewidelyknown.
71.
Thepassageismainly.
A.
anintroductionofJacqueline'slifebothasFistLadyandasaneditor.
B.
abriefdescriptionofJacqueline'slifelongexperiences.
C.
abriefaccountofJacqueline'scareerasaneditorinherlast20years.
D.
ananalysisofJacqueline'ssocialrelationsinpublishing【文章大意】杰奎琳后20年的编辑生涯的简介.
68.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
根据第一段可知,杰奎琳是在做编辑的最后20年展现了自身的价值,取得了很大的成就,故答案选D.
通过第二段的第四和第六句话可以排除A和B项,通过第三段的第二句话可以排除C项.
69.
【解析】选C.
句意猜测题.
句意为:最终,她的第一夫人的角色被她作为编辑的表现夺去了光彩.
overshadow夺去……的光彩,使相形见拙,她作为编辑比第一夫人角色更成功,故答案选C.
B和D项很明显是一个意思,而且与划线句子意思相反,可以排除.
A是字面意思,intheend最终,她不是以第一夫人而结束了生命.
70.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
根据最后一段的"Inthebookssheselectedforpublication,shebuiltonalifetimeofspendingtimebyherselfasareaderandleftarecordofthegrowthofhermind.
"可知,在她编辑的书中反映了她的观点和信念,故答案选C.
A项没有提到,B项根据"hired"可知是错误的,D项根据最后一句话可知是错误的.
71.
【解析】选C.
主旨大意题.
文章主要是对杰奎琳后20年的编辑生涯的简介,故答案选C.
A项错在FistLady上,B项错在时间跨度过大,D项只是一个小细节.
Passage12(2011北京卷A)"IWentSkydivingat84!
"Asayounggirlgrowingupinthe1930s,Ialwayswantedtoflyaplane,butbackthenitwasalmostunheardofforawomantodothat.
Igotatasteofthatdreamin2001,whenmyhusbandarrangedformetorideinahotairballoonformybirthday.
Buttheexperienceturnedouttobeverydull.
Aroundthattime,ItoldmyhusbandthatIwantedtoskydive.
Sowhenourretirementcommunity(社区)announcedthattheywerehavinganessaycompetitionandthetopicwasanexperienceofalifetimethatyouwantedtohave,Idecidedtowriteaboutmydream.
Intheessay,Iwroteaboutmydesiretoskydive,statingGeorgeBrushSr.
diditatage80.
WhynotmeIwasjust84andinprettygoodhealth.
AyearwentbyandIheardnothing.
ButthenatacommunitypartyinlateApril2009,theyannouncedthatIwasoneofthewinners.
Ijustcouldn'tbelieveit.
Inspiredbythis.
Idecidedtorealizemydream,eventhoughsomeofmyfamilymembersandmydoctorwereagainstit.
OnJune11,2009,nearly40ofmyfamilyandfriendsgatheredintheareaclosetowhereIwouldlandwhileIheadedupintheairplane.
Myinstructor,Jay,guidedmethroughtheexperience.
TheplanewasthenoisiestoneIhadeverbeenin,butIwasn'tfrightened—Iwasreallyjustlookingforwardtotheexperience.
Whenwereached13,000feet,Jayinstructedmetothrowmyselfoutoftheplane.
Whenwefirsthittheair,thewindwassostrongthatIcouldhardlybreathe.
ForasecondIthought,"WhathaveIgottenmyselfinto"Buttheneverythinggotcalmer.
WewereinafreefallforaboutaminutebeforeJayopenedtheparachute(降落伞),thenwejustfloateddownwardforaboutfiveminutes.
BeingupinthecloudsandlookingattheviewbelowwasunlikeanythingIhaveeverfelt—muchbetterthanthehotairballoon.
Iwasjustenjoyingit.
Skydivingwasreallyoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife.
Ihopeotherpeoplewilllookatmeandrealizethatyoudon'tstoplivingjustbecauseyouare84yearsold.
Ifthere'ssomethingyouwanttoexperience,lookintoit.
Ifit'ssomethingthatispossible,makeithappen.
56.
Whathappenedtotheauthorin2001A.
Sheflewanairplane.
B.
Sheenteredacompetition.
C.
Shewentonahotairballoonride.
D.
Shemovedintoaretirementcommunity.
57.
TheauthormentionedGeorgeBushSr.
inheressayto.
A.
buildupherownreputationB.
showheradmirationforhimC.
comparetheirhealthconditionD.
makeherargumentpersuasive58.
HowdidtheauthorfeelimmediatelyaftershejumpedoutoftheplaneA.
Excited.
B.
Scared.
C.
Nervous.
D.
Regretful.
59.
WhatdidtheauthorenjoymostwhenshewasskydivingA.
Thebeautifulclouds.
B.
Thewonderfulview.
C.
ThecompanyofJay.
D.
Theone-minutefreefall.
【文章大意】本文是记叙文.
从文章的标题"Iwentskydivingat84"就可以看出,本文主要讲述了84岁高龄的作者在2009年6月11号终于实现了她的跳伞梦想.
在文章的最后,作者通过叙述整篇文章带给我们的道理是"ifthereissomethingyouwanttoexperience,lookintoit.
"如果你这辈子想干什么,就尽量去干吧!
56.
【解析】选C.
事实细节题.
根据第一段第二句Igotatasteofthatin2001,whenmyhusbandarrangedformetorideinahotairballoonformybirthday,得知作者于2001年乘坐了热气球,故答案为C.
57.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第二段开头Iwroteaboutmydesiretoskydive,statingGeorgeBushSr.
diditatage80.
WhynotmeIwasjust84andinprettygoodhealth,得知作者提及乔治.
布什的经历是为了使自己的愿望更具说服力,故D项为正确答案.

58.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第三段…Icouldhardlybreathe.
ForasecondIthought,"WhathaveIgottenmyselfinto"可知作者刚跳下飞机时感到有些失望.
理解好该句是关键:WhathaveIgottenmyselfinto我这是在自寻烦恼吗getsb.
intosth.
,causesb.
tobeinvolvedinanunpleasantsituation(使某人陷入某种不愉快的状态).
59.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据第三段最后BeingupinthecloudsandlookingattheviewbelowwasunlikeanythingIhaveeverfelt—muchbetterthanthehotairballoon.
Iwasjustenjoyingit得知作者很享受在云上观看下面的风景.
文化教育类Passage1(2011辽宁卷B)About21,000youngpeoplein17Americanstatesdonotattendclassesinschoolbuildings.
Instead,theyreceivetheirelementary(初等)andhighschooleducationbyworkingathomeoncomputers.
TheCenterforEducationReformsaystheUnitedStateshas67public"cyberschools,"andthatisabouttwiceasmanyastwoyearsago.
Themoneyforstudentstoattendacyberschoolcomesfromthegovernmentsofthestateswheretheylive.
Someeducatorssaycyberschoolsreceivemoneythatshouldsupporttraditionalpublicschools.
Theyalsosayitisdifficulttoknowifstudentsarelearningwell.
Othereducatorspraisethisnewformofeducationforlettingstudentsworkattheirownspeed.
Thesepeoplesaycyberschoolshelpstudentswhowereunhappyorunsuccessfulintraditionalschools.
Theysaylearningathomebycomputerendslongbusridesforchildrenwholivefarfromschool.
Whateverthejudgmentofcyberschools,theyaregettingmoreandmorepopular.
Forexample,anewcyberschoolcalledCommonwealthConnectionsAcademywilltakeinstudentsthisfall.
ItwillservechildreninthestateofPennsylvaniafromagesfivethroughthirteen.
Childrengetfreeequipmentfortheironlineeducation.
Thisincludesacomputer,aprinter,booksandtechnicalservices.
Parentsandstudentstalkwithteachersbytelephoneorbysendingemailsthroughtheircomputerswhennecessary.
Studentsatcyberschoolsusuallydonotknowoneanother.
But56suchstudentswhofinishedstudiesatWesternPennsylvaniaCyberCharterSchoolrecentlymetforthefirsttime.
Theywereguestsofhonorattheirgraduation.
59.
WhatdoweknowfromthetextaboutstudentsofacyberschoolA.
Theyhavetotakelongbusridestoschool.
B.
Theystudyathomeratherthaninclassrooms.
C.
Theyreceivemoneyfromtraditionalpublicschools.
D.
Theydowellintraditionalschoolprograms.
60.
WhatisaproblemwithcyberschoolsA.
Theirequipmentcostsalotofmoney.
B.
Theygetlittlesupportfromthestategovernment.
C.
Itishardtoknowstudents'progressinlearning.
D.
Thestudentsfindithardtomakefriends.
61.
Cyberschoolsaregettingpopularbecause_______.
A.
theyarelessexpensiveforstudentsB.
theirstudentscanworkattheirownspeedC.
theirgraduatesaremoresuccessfulinsocietyD.
theyservestudentsinawideragerange62.
Wecaninferthattheauthorofthetextis_A.
unprejudicedinhisdescriptionofcyberschoolsB.
excitedaboutthefutureofcyberschoolsC.
doubtfulaboutthequalityofcyberschoolsD.
disappointedatthedevelopmentofcyberschools【文章大意】在美国17个州大约21,000名年轻人是用计算机通过网络学校在家里学习的.
对此有些人持反对态度.
他们认为州政府把本应用于传统的公立学校的资金用到了网络学校上,而且学生的学习情况也无法衡量.
而另一些教育者却对此非常的支持,认为网络学校使得学生可以以自己的速度学习,并有助于那些在传统学校里不开心或有失败感的学生.
如论如何,网络学校在美国是越来越受欢迎.

59.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
根据文章第一段可知网络学校的学生是在家里通过电脑学习,而不是去常规的学校.
而且由第二段可知是州政府出资,而不是传统的公立学校出资.
故选B.

60.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据文章第二段最后一句可知网络学校不好判断学生的学习情况,故选C.

61.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章第三段第一句有些教育者认为网络学校使得学生可以以自己的速度学习,可得知B项为正确答案.

62.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
在文章中作者客观公正地描述了人们对网络学校发出的不同的声音,并没有表述自己的观点,故选A.

Passage2(2011天津卷C)AnideathatstartedinSeattle'spubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.
Theconceptissimple:helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametime.
Inadditiontoencouragingreadingasapursuit(追求)tobeenjoyedbyall,theprogramallowsstrangerstocommunicatebydiscussingthebookonthebus,aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.
TheideacamefromSeattlelibrarianNancyPearlwholaunched(发起)the"IfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBook"projectin1998.
Heroriginalprogramusedauthorvisits,studyguidesandbookdiscussiongroupstobringpeopletogetherwithabook,buttheideahassinceexpandedtomanyotherAmericancities,andeventoHongKong.
InChicago,themayor(市长)appearedontelevisiontoannouncethechoiceofToKillaMockingbirdasthefirstbookinthe"OneBook,OneChicago"program.
Asaresult,readingclubsandneighbourhoodgroupsspranguparoundthecity.
AcrosstheUS,storiesemergedofparentsandchildrenreadingtoeachotheratnightandstrangerschattingawayonthebusaboutplotandcharacter.
TheonlyproblemaroseinNewYork,wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.
Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunity(一致)canbeachieved.
OritmayshowthatNewYorkersrathermissedthepoint,puttingalltheirenergyandpassionintothechoiceofthebookratherthandiscussionaboutabookitself.
UltimatelywasNancypointsout,thelevelofsuccessisnotmeasuredbyhowmanypeoplereadabook,butbyhowmanypeopleareenrichedbytheprocess,orhaveenjoyedspeakingtosomeonewithwhomtheywouldnototherwisehavesharedaword.
46.
WhatisthepurposeoftheprojectlaunchedbyNancyA.
Toinviteauthorstoguidereaders.
B.
Toencouragepeopletoreadandshare.
C.
Toinvolvepeopleincommunityservice.
D.
Topromotethefriendshipbetweencities.
47.
WhywasitdifficultforNewYorkerstocarryouttheprojectA.
Theyhadlittleinterestinreading.
B.
Theyweretoobusytoreadabook.
C.
Theycamefrommanydifferentbackgrounds.
D.
Theylackedsupportfromthelocalgovernment.
48.
Accordingtothepassage,wherewouldtheprojectbemoreeasilycarriedoutA.
InlargecommunitieswithlittlesenseofunityB.
InlargecitieswherelibrariesarefarfromhomeC.
Inmedium-sizedcitieswithadiversepopulationD.
Inlargetownswhereagreementcanbequicklyreached49.
Theunderlinedwords"sharedaword"inParagraph5probablymean.
A.
exchangedideaswitheachotherB.
discussedthemeaningofawordC.
gainedlifeexperienceD.
usedthesamelanguage50.
AccordingtoNancy,thedegreeofstudentsoftheprojectisjudgedby.
A.
thecarefulselectionofaproperbookB.
thegrowingpopularityofthewritersC.
henumberofpeoplewhobenefitfromreadingD.
thenumberofbooksthateachpersonreads【文章大意】此文是有关文化教育类文章.
文中描述了西雅图公共图书馆发起了一次同读一本书的活动,以及计划实施出现的问题和衡量其成功的办法.

46.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由第一段helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametime以及第二段inadditionto.
.
.
aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools得出这次计划的发起的目的是为了鼓励人们读书和分享读书.
故选B.
A项邀请作者指导读者,C项使人们进行社区服务,D项促进城市间的友谊,与原文不符.

47.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
文章第四段讲述了在纽约出现的唯一的问题是当地人不能决定哪一本书可以代表这个巨大的多样化的人口.
从中可以推断出纽约人来自许多不同的地方,所以C项正确.
A项他们对阅读不感兴趣,B项他们太忙了不能读书,D项他们缺少来自当地政府的支持,文章中没提到这些.

48.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
由文章第四段Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunitycanbeachieved可知中等城市和大的城镇能很快达成一致性.
所以D正确.
A项没有统一性的大的社区,B项在图书馆离家很远的大城市,C项是多样化人口的中等城市,A和B文中没提到,C项是干扰项,是多样化人口的纽约而不是多样化人口的中等城市,所以错.

49.
【解析】选A.
猜测词义题.
文章最后一段讲述了成功的标准不是靠读多少本书来衡量而是有多少人在这个过程中变得充实了,也就是说他们喜欢同那些否则要不然就不会彼此讲话的人讲话了,结合上下文可以看出shareaword就是与上句中的haveenjoyedspeakingtosomeone有同样的意思,既彼此交流,故选A.
50.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
由文章最后一段中的byhowmanypeopleareenrichedbytheprocess有多少人在这个过程中充实,也就是从阅读中得到好处.
A项仔细挑选书和B项作家逐渐增多,文中没有提及.
D项每个人读的书的数量和原文正好相反.

Passage3(2011全国卷IIA)Since1984,Philadelphiahasbeencleaningupitsact.
Onebyone,graffiti-coveredwallsarebeingchangedintooutdoorart.
Sofar,morethan1,800murals(壁画)havebeenpainted.
PhiladelphianowhasmoremuralsthananyotherAmericancity.
Thewallsthatwereonceuglywithgraffiti(涂鸦)arenowcoveredwithbeautifulpicturesofhistoricalheroesandmodernart,thankstotheMuralArtsProgram(MAP).
Itsworkmakesschoolsandpublicplacesattractive,anditscitizensveryproud.
TheprogrambeganaspartofPhiladelphia'sAnti-GraffitiNetwork.
JaneGoldenistheMAP'sartisticdirector.
"Whenpeopleaskmewhatourprogramisabout,"shesays,"Ianswerthemwithoneword:hope.
"Eachyear,theMAPoffersyouthartprogramsandworkshops.
Someone-timegraffitiwritersevenhelppaintMAPmurals.
TheMAP'swork,saysGolden,isallaboutdevelopingasenseofcommunity(社区).
Whenaneighborhoodrequestsamural,theMAPworkswiththepeopletheretodevelopamessage.
Somemessageshavebeen"SafeStreets,""LoveandCare,"and"PeaceWalk.
"TheMAPreceivesupto50requestsformuralseachweek.
Lastyear,theworkerspainted140murals.
"Themakingofamuralenterspeople'scollectivememoryasanextraordinary,pleasantmomentinneighborhoodhistory".
saysGolden,whobeganasamuralistinLosAngeles.
41.
WhatcanbethebesttitleforthetextA.
Love,fromGraffitiWriterstoMuralistsB.
MAP,aNewCompanyinPhiladelphiaC.
Jane,anExcellentMuralArtistD.
Hope,OneWallataTime42.
WhatistheMuralArtsPrograminPhiladelphiaaimedatA.
Helpingtheyoungfindjobs.
B.
Protectingtheneighborhood.
C.
Fightingagainstgraffiti.
D.
Attractingmorevisitors.
43.
HowdoestheMAPdecideonthemessageforamuralA.
Byhavingdiscussionswithpeopleinthecommunity.
B.
Byseekingadvicefromthecitygovernment.
C.
Bylearningfromtheyounggraffitiwriters.
D.
Bystudyingthehistoryofthecity.
44.
WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheworkoftheMAPA.
Difficult.
B.
Dangerous.
C.
Experimental.
D.
Successful.
【文章大意】本文属于文化艺术类,讲述费城将其被涂鸦的墙壁一面一面的改成了户外艺术.
MAP的努力工作使得费城更加吸引人,拥有比美国任何一个城市都多的壁画.

41.
【解析】选D.
主旨大意题.
文章首句是主题句,主要讲述了将涂鸦的墙壁改为了户外艺术,并且后面提到这一项目是关于希望的.
故选择D.

42.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据文章第二段第一句话"Thewallsthatwereonceuglywithgraffiti(涂鸦)arenowcoveredwithbeautifulpicturesofhistoricalheroesandmodernart,thankstotheMuralArtsProgram(MAP).
"可知选C.
43.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章第三段第二句话"Whenaneighborhoodrequestsamural,theMAPworkswiththepeopletheretodevelopamessage.
"可知.
44.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
由文章首段说费城迄今为止已经画了1,800幅壁画,比美国任何一个城市拥有的壁画都多,以及文章最后壁画的制作在区域历史中作为非凡、愉悦的时刻留在人们的记忆里可以推断MAP的工作是非常成功的.

Passage4(2011全国卷IID)ThewaywedothingsroundhereSomeyearsago,IwashiredbyanAmericanbank.
IreceivedaletterfromtheheadofthePersonnelDepartmentthatstarted,"DearJohn,Iamquitepleasedthatyouhavedecidedtojoinus.
"That"quite"saddenedme.
Ithoughthewassaying"we'rekindofpleasedyoudecidedtojoinusalthoughIwishwehadhiredsomeoneelse.
"ThenIdiscoveredthatinAmericanEnglish"quite"sometimesmeans"very",whileinBritishEnglishitmeans"fairly".
SothefirstlessonaboutworkinginothercountriesistolearnthelanguageandbythatIdon'tjustmeanthewordspeoplespeak.
Itisbodylanguage,dress,manners,ideasandsoon.
Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmanyofthedifferencesweseebetweencultures(文化).
Someofthesedifferencesmaybeonlyonthesurface—dress,foodandhoursofwork—whileothersmaybedeeperandtakelongertodealwith.
Mostly,itisjustaquestionofgettingusedtothedifferencesandacceptingthem,liketheclimate(气候),whilegettingonwithbusiness.
Someofthedifferencesmaybeanimprovement.
Peoplearemorepolite;theserviceisbetter;youaskforsomethingtobedoneandithappenswithouthavingtoaskagain.
However,otherdifferencescanbetroubling,likepunctuality(准时).
Ifyouinvitepeopletoapartyat7o'clockyourguestswillconsideritpolitetoturnupexactlyontimeinGermany,fiveminutesearlyintheAmericanMidwest,anhourearlyinJapan,15minutesafterwardsintheUK,uptoanhourafterwardsinItalyandsometimeintheeveninginGreece.
Iprefernottousetheword"late"becausethereisnothingwrongwiththetimespeoplearrive.
Itissimplytheacceptedthingtodointheirowncountry.
52.
TheauthorwasunhappyasmentionedinParagraph1becausehethought______.
A.
theAmericanbankdidn'tthinkmuchofhimB.
theAmericanbankmighthireanotherpersonC.
it'sdifficulttogetusedtoAmericancultureD.
it'seasytomisunderstandAmericans53.
Theword"highlights"inParagraph2probablymeans_____.
A.
encouragesB.
helpstonarrowC.
increasesD.
drawsattentionto54.
Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldwedowithmostculturaldifferencesA.
Askthenativepeopleforhelp.
B.
Understandandacceptthem.
C.
Dothingsinourownway.
D.
Doin-depthresearch.
55.
Wheninvitedtoapartythepeoplewhoareusuallypunctualare______.
A.
ItaliansB.
GermansC.
GreeksD.
theBritish【文章大意】本文属于文化教育类.
由作者多年前被一家美国银行录用的经历引入了文化差异的话题,作者认为对于大多数文化差异我们应该理解并接受它们.

52.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
由文章首段中"That'quite'saddenedme.
Ithoughthewassaying'wearekindofpleasedyoudecidedtojoinusalthoughIwishwehadhiredsomeoneelse.
'"可知作者认为人家对我的录用只是"稍微(kindof)"满意,这让作者很不高兴.
故答案为A.
53.
【解析】选D.
词义猜测题.
句意是人们做事情的方式突出了我们看到的很多的文化差异.
此处人们做事情的方式对于文化差异只是起到突出,强调的作用,并没有起到增加或减少的效果,所以答案选择D.

54.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章第三段的"Mostly,itisjustaquestionofgettingusedtothedifferencesandacceptingthem,liketheclimate(气候),whilegettingonwithbusiness.
"可知.
55.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章最后一段中"Ifyouinvitepeopletoapartyat7o'clockyourguestswillconsideritpolitetoturnupexactlyontimeinGermany,…"可知德国人在被邀请参加聚会时通常是很准时的,所以答案为B.
Passage5(2011重庆卷C)Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.
However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.
Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.
Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.
By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.
SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.
ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.
HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.
Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.
Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.
Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.
Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.
Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.
Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.
Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofarAttitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.
Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.
Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.
Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.
64.
ThekingsofFranceandEnglandinthe16thcenturyclosedbathhousesbecause.
A.
theylivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironmentBtheythoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayinC.
theybelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbathsD.
theyconsideredbathingasthecauseofskindisease65.
WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHenryIV'sattitudetobathingA.
Afraid.
B.
Curious.
C.
Approving.
D.
Uninterested.
66.
HowdoesthepassagemainlydevelopA.
Byprovidingexamples.
B.
Bymakingcomparisons.
C.
Byfollowingtheorderoftime.
D.
Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.
67.
Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageA.
Tostresstheroleofdirt.
B.
Tointroducethehistoryofdirt.
C.
Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt.
D.
Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt.
【文章大意】本文为论说文,谈论古今人们对污物、烂泥、灰尘的不同看法.

64.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
由Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.
可知C项正确.
65.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
由Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.
可知A项正确.
66.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
由全文可以看出,文章讨论了从16世纪到现如今对于污物的不同观点,故C项正确.

67.
【解析】选D.
主旨大意题.
全文讲述了古今人们对污物、烂泥、灰尘的不同看法.
故选D.

Passage6(2011安徽卷阅读理解D)Irelandhashadaverydifficulthistory.
Theproblemsstartedinthe16thcenturywhenEnglishrulerstriedtoconquer(征服)Ireland.
Forhundredsofyears,theIrishpeoplefoughtagainsttheEnglish.
Finally,in1921,theBritishgovernmentwasforcedtogiveindependencetothesouthofIreland.
Theresultisthattodaytherearetwo"Irelands".
NorthernIreland,inthenorth,ispartoftheUnitedKingdom.
TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.
Inthe1840sthemaincrop,potatoes,wasaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peoplediedofhunger.
This,andashortage(短缺)ofwork,forcedmanypeopletoleaveIrelandandliveintheUSA,theUK,AustraliaandCanada.
Asaresultoftheseproblems,thepopulationfellfrom8.
2millionin1841to6.
6millionin1851.
Formanyyears,themajorityofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.
Today,manypeoplestillworkonthelandbutmoreandmorepeoplearemovingtothecitiestoworkinfactoriesandoffices.
Lifeinthecitiesisverydifferentfromlifeinthecountryside,wherethingsmoveataquieterandslowerpace.
TheIrisharefamousforbeingwarm-heartedandfriendly.
OscarWilde,afamousIrishwriter,oncesaidthattheIrishwere"thegreatesttalkerssincetheGreeks".
Sinceindependence,Irelandhasrevived(复兴)itsowncultureofmusic,language,literatureandsinging.
DifferentareashavedifferentstylesofoldIrishsongswhicharesungwithoutinstruments.
OtherkindsofIrishmusicusemanydifferentinstrumentssuchastheviolin,whistles,etc.
68.
WhatdoestheauthortellusinParagraph1A.
HowtheIrishfoughtagainsttheEnglish.
B.
HowIrelandgainedindependence.
C.
HowEnglishrulerstriedtoconquerIreland.
D.
Howtwo"Irelands"cameintobeing.
69.
WelearnfromthetextthatinIreland.
A.
foodshortagesinthe1840sledtoadeclineinpopulationB.
peoplearemovingtothecitiesforlackofworkinthecountrysideC.
itishardertomakealivingasafarmerthanasafactoryworkerD.
differentkindsofoldIrishsongsareallsungwithinstruments70.
Thelastparagraphismainlyabout.
A.
theIrishcharacterB.
IrishcultureC.
IrishmusicalinstrumentsD.
afamousIrishwriter71.
WhatcanbethebesttitleforthetextA.
LifeinIrelandB.
AVeryDifficultHistoryC.
Ireland,PastandPresentD.
TheIndependenceofIreland【文章大意】本文从地理状况、人口发展、经济情况以及社会生活等方面介绍了爱尔兰共和国,让我们对这个美丽的国家有更进一步的了解.

68.
【解析】选D.
主旨大意题.
通读第一段可知,本段介绍了爱尔兰共和国(TheRepublicofIreland)及北爱尔兰(NorthernIreland)的由来,故D项正确.
69.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
通读第二段可知,十九世纪四十年代,由于主要农作物土豆受病害影响及本国工作机会缺乏,大量爱尔兰人移往其它国家,使爱尔兰人口下降,故A项正确.
B项中人们移往城市并非是由于农村缺少工作机会;文章中并没有对比城市和乡村生活的难易;D项错误在于all,并非全部的爱尔兰歌谣都使用乐器.

70.
【解析】选B.
主旨大意题.
文章末段从爱尔兰民族习性、音乐、语言及文学等方面介绍了爱尔兰民族文化,故B项正确.
A、C、D各项虽都提及,但都是细节.

71.
【解析】选C.
文章标题题.
通读全文可知,本文从地理状况、人口发展、经济情况以及社会生活等方面介绍了爱尔兰共和国的过去及现在,故C项最为全面.

Passage7(2011福建卷C)ElixirwrittenbyEricWaltersTwelve-year-oldRothbecomesafriendofDr.
Bantingandhisassistant,Mr.
Best,whoareinsearchofacurefordiabetes(糖尿病).
ShefindsherselftornbetweenhersympathyfortheanimalsbeingexperimentedonandherfriendshipwithBantingandBest.
GeorgeWashingtonCarverWrittenbyElizabethMacleodMeetthe"Peanut(花生)Specialist",GeorgeWashingtonCarver,theinventorandprofessorwhomadeover325productsoutofpeanuts.
Throughhisagriculturalresearch,healsogreatlyimprovedthelivesofcountlessblackfarmersinthesouthernUnitedStates.
SeealsoMacleod'sAlbertEinstein:ALifeofGenius.
TheInuitThoughtofIt:AmazingArcticInnovationsWrittenbyAlootookIpellie&DavidMacDonaldExploremorethan40ideasnecessarytoInuitsurvival.
Fromideasfamiliartoustodaytoinventiveconceptsthatshapedtheirlives,celebratethecreativityofaremarkablyintelligentpeople.
Alsoseeotherbooks:TheChineseThoughtofItbyTingxingYeandANativeAmericanThoughtofItbyRockyLandonandDavidMacDonald.
MadeinCanada:101AmazingAchievementsWrittenbyBevSpencerWhatthingsdoweusedailythathaveaCanadianconnectionHereare101commonthingsthatwereinventedinCanadaorbyaCanadian,includingtheBlackberry,alkaline(碱性)batteriesandtheBlueBoxrecyclingprogram.
NewtonandtheTimeMachineWrittenbyMichaelMcGowanTen-year-oldboyNewtonhasinventedatimemachinetoseedinosaursupclose.
Butitdisappearsonatestrunwithhistwohugefriends,KingHerbertandQueenCertrude,init!
Canhesavethembeforetimerunsout64.
WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRoth'sfeelinginBook1A.
Painful.
B.
Curious.
C.
Frightened.
D.
Disappointed.
65.
WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageA.
AnimalsarementionedinBook1andBook5.
B.
Book3introduces40inventiveconcepts.
C.
AlkalinebatterieswereinventedbyDr.
Banting.
D.
GeorgeWashingtonCarverwasablackfarmerintheUS.
66.
InBook5,KingHerbertandQueenGertrudeare_______.
A.
Newton'shumanfriendsB.
thenamesofthetimemachineC.
twodinosaursD.
theinventorsofthetimemachine67.
IfyouareinterestedinnativeAmericans,youmayreadthebookby_____.
A.
ElizabethMacleodB.
EricWaltersC.
RockyLondon&DavidMacDonaldD.
BevSpencer【文章大意】本文主要讲述了五本书的内容概要.
64.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
由第一本书的描述可知Roth既对正在被试验的动物产生了同情又不想与Banting和Best的友谊破裂,因此她的内心是痛苦的,故答案为A.
curious好奇的;frightened害怕的;disappointed失望的.
65.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
第一本书提到了Roth对正在被试验的动物的同情,第五本书提到了恐龙,因此A项是正确的.
第三本书介绍了40多种善于发明的想法,而不是40种,故B项不正确.
Dr.
Banting是在第一本书中提到的,而碱性电池是在第四本书中提到的,二者没有联系,故C项不正确;第二本书中提到GeorgeWashingtonCarver是一个发明家兼教授,故D项也不正确.
66.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
根据第五本书所述,牛顿发明了一种时间机器来近距离观看恐龙,但是当两只大恐龙正在里面接受一项测验运行时,机器突然消失了.
由此可判断KingHerbert和QueenGertrude是两只恐龙,故答案为C.
67.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
从第三本书所述的最后一句可知答案为C.
Passage8(2011北京卷C)StudentsandTechnologyintheClassroomIlovemyBlackberry—it'smylittleconnectiontothelargerworldthatcangoanywherewithme.
Ialsolovemylaptopcomputer,asitholdsallofmywritingandthoughts.
Despitethisloveoftechnology,IknowthattherearetimeswhenIneedtomoveawayfromthesedevices(设备)andtrulycommunicatewithothers.
Onoccasion,IteachacoursecalledHistoryMattersforagroupofhighereducationmanagers.
Mygoalsfortheclassincludeafulldiscussionofhistoricalthemesandideas.
BecauseIwantstudentstothoroughlystudythematerialandexchangetheirideaswitheachotherintheclassroom,Ihavearule—nolaptops,iPads,phones,etc.
Whenstudentsweretoldmyruleinadvanceoftheclass,someofthemwerenothappy.
Moststudentsassumethatmyreasonsforthisruleincludeunpleasantexperiencesinthepastwithstudentsmisusingtechnology.
There'sabitoftruthtothat.
SomestudentsassumethatIamanti-technology.
There'snotruthinthatatall.
IlovetechnologyandtrytokeepupwithitsoIcanrelatetomystudents.
TherealreasonwhyIaskstudentstoleavetechnologyatthedooristhatIthinkthereareveryfewplacesinwhichwecanhavedeepconversationsandtrulyengagecomplexideas.
Interruptionsbytechnologyoftenbreakconcentrationandallowfortoomuchdependenceonoutsideinformationforideas.
Iwantstudentstodigdeepwithinthemselvesforinspirationandideas.
Iwantthemtopusheachothertothinkdifferentlyandtomakeconnectionsbetweenthecoursematerialandtheclassdiscussion.
I'vebeenteachingmyhistoryclassinthiswayformanyyearsandtheeducationsreflectstudentsatisfactionwiththeenvironmentthatIcreate.
Studentsrealizethatwithdeepconversationandchallenge,theylearnatalevelthathelpsthemkeepthecoursematerialbeyondtheclassroom.
I'mnotsayingthatIwon'teverchangemymindabouttechnologyuseinmyhistoryclass,butuntilIhearareallygoodreasonforthechange,I'mstickingtomyplan.
Afewhoursoftechnology-freedialogueisjusttoosweettogiveup.
63.
Someofthestudentsinthehistoryclasswereunhappywith____A.
thecoursematerialB.
others'misuseoftechnologyC.
discussiontopicsD.
theauthor'sclassregulations64.
Theunderlinedword"engage"inpara.
4probablymeans____A.
exploreB.
acceptC.
changeD.
reject65.
Accordingtotheauthor,theuseoftechnologyintheclassroommay____A.
keepstudentsfromdoingindependentthinkingB.
encouragestudentstohavein-depthconversationsC.
helpstudentstobetterunderstandcomplexthemesD.
affectstudents'concentrationoncourseevaluation66.
Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthattheauthor____A.
isquitestubbornB.
willgiveupteachinghistoryC.
willchangehisteachingplansoonD.
valuestechnology-freedialoguesinhisclass【文章大意】这篇文章论述的主题是,"StudentsandTechnologyintheClassroom",作者的论点就是在论述学生在上学期间到底要不要过多的使用technology(现代科技).
作者表示了他上课的时候不让同学们使用现代科技的原因是那样会影响我们的深入交流.

63.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第二段Whenstudentsweretoldmyruleinadvanceoftheclass,someofthemwerenothappy得知是作者在课堂上的规定让一部分学生不满,故D项为正确答案.
regulations:rules规章,规则,规定,条例.
64.
【解析】选A.
猜测词义题.
根据第四段Iwantstudentstodigdeepwithinthemselvesforinspirationandideas以及原句前一部分wecanhavedeepconversations…推断得知engage:explore探索,探究,探讨.
65.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据第四段Interruptionsbytechnologyoftenbreakconcentrationandallowfortoomuchdependenceonoutsideinformationforideas得知新科技的应用会妨碍学生独立思考.
66.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
根据最后一段untilIhearareallygoodreasonforthechange,I'mstickingtomyplan.
Afewhoursoftechnology-freedialogueisjusttoosweettogiveup推断得知作者认为不使用现代科技的对话交流有很多好处而无法割舍.

社会生活类Passage1(2011四川卷A)It's5:00inthemorningwhenthealarm(闹钟)ringsinmyears.
Irolloutofbedandwalkblindlythroughthedarkintothebathroom.
Iturnonthelightandputonmyglasses.
ThehouseisstillasIwalkdownstairswhilemyhusbandandthreekidssleeppeacefully.
UsuallyIgoforalongrun,buttodayIchoosemyfavoriteexerciseDVD,Insanity.
Sweatpoursdownmyfaceandintomyeyes.
MyheartracesasIforcemybodytofinisheachmovement.
AsIneartheendoftheexercise,Ifeelextremelytired,butasmileisonmyface.
It'snotasmilebecausetheDVDisover,butasmileofsuccessfrompushingmybodytoitsextremelimit.
Somepeopleenjoyshopping,smoking,food,work,orevenchocolate.
ButIneedexercisetogetthrougheachday.
Someshakeheadswhentheyseemerunthroughthetown.
OthersgethurtwhenIrefusetotryjustonebiteoftheirgrandmother'schocolatecake.
Theyraisetheireyebrows,surprisedbymy"no,thankyou,"orbymychoicetohaveasalad.
Overtheyears,Ihavelearnedit'sokaytojustsay"no.
"Ishouldn'tfeelsorryforrefusingfoodthatIdon'twanttoeat.
Sowhatdrivesmetorolloutofbedat5:00a.
m.
WhatgivesmethereasontojustsaynotoicecreamCommitment.
Acommitmenttochangemylifewithawaythatreducesdailyanxiety,increasesself–confidenceandenergy,extendslifeandaboveallimprovesmybodyshape.
ThisisthepointwhereasmileappearsonmyfaceasIlookatmyselfinthemirrorortryonmyfavoritepairofjeansthatnowfitjustright.
It'sthroughcommitmentandsweatthatIcanmakeadifferencewithinmyselfinsideandout.
41.
Whyisthereasmileontheauthor'sfaceinthemorningA.
Becausesheseesherfamilysleepingpeacefully.
B.
BecauseshefinishesherfavoriteexerciseC.
BecausesheenjoystheinterestingDVDD.
Becauseshefeelsasenseofachievement42.
WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph2A.
Shedoesn'ttreatothersrpolitely.
B.
Shelikestomakeotherssurprised.
C.
Othersdon'tunderstandwhatshedoes.
D.
Otherstrytohelpherbyofferingherfood.
43.
Whatdoestheunderlinedword"commitmentinthelastparagraphmeanA.
Goodhealth.
B.
Firmbelief.
C.
Astrongpower.
D.
Aregularhabit.
44.
WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthetextASheactsinastrangewayBShewantstolookdifferentfromothersCSheaimstodevelopagoodbodyshapeDShehasdifficultygettingalongwithothers【文章大意】为了坚守一个承诺,一个信念,作者每天清晨五点钟起床开始锻炼身体,拒绝别人邀请吃巧克力蛋糕.

41.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题,由第一段最后一句话可知成就感让作者微笑.

42.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题,有第二段Theyraisetheireyebrows,surprisedby……可知,其他人不理解作者的行为.
43.
【解析】选B.
词义猜测题,根据语言环境可知,是用一种方式来改变生活的坚定信念让作者坚持锻炼身体.

44.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题,由第三段aboveallimprovesmybodyshape和ThisisthepointwhereasmileappearsonmyfaceasIlookatmyselfinthemirrorortryonmyfavoritepairofjeansthatnowfitjustright.
可知作者想通过锻炼保持体形.
Passage2(2011四川卷C)Themulti-millionpoundnewLibraryofBirmingham(LoB)willbethemostvisiblesignofthewaythecityisacceptingthedigitalization(数字化)ofeverydaylife.
Settoopenin2013,the188mLoBisalreadybeginningtotakeshapenexttotheBirminghamRepertoryTheatre,withwhichitwillsharesomeequipment.
Asdigitalmedia(媒介)isimportanttoitsidea,theprojectisalreadyprovidingchancesforsomeofthemanysmallnewlocalcompaniesworkingatthenewtechnologies.
BrianGambles,theLoBprojectdirector,saysitisaboutgivingpeopletherighttoolsforlearning,"Theaimistomixthephysicalwiththedigital,providing24-hourserviceswhichcanbeusedthroughmanydifferentways.
Itisimportanttoenableustoreachmorepeople,moreeffectively.
"Thedigitallibrarywill,hesays,beasimportantasthephysicalone,allowingthedistantuseoftheservices,makingsurethatitisneverclosedtothepublic.
EvenbeforetheLoBiscomplete,thepublichasbeenabletogoonlinetovisittheVirtual(虚拟的)LoB,designedbyBaden,theBirminghamvirtualworldsspecialists.
NotonlyhavethepublicbeenabletolearnabouttheLoB,butthevirtualonehasalsoenabledthoseworkingontheLoBtounderstandthebuildingandhowitwillworkbeforeitevenopens.
TwoothersmallBirmingham-baseddigitalcompaniesarealsoworkingontheLoBprojects.
Substrat,adigitaldesigncompany,isdevelopingwhatitcallsanexampleofan"enlargedreality"project.
Itisabouttheuseofanexcitingsmartphone,animportantpartoftheLoBwhichistheearlystagesofdevelopment.
AndThePeople'sArchiveisanonlinelibraryofhistoricalfiguresofthecitybeingbuiltupbyadigitalcontentcompanyinCahoots,inwhichuserswillbeencouragedtoaddtoandcommentonthematerial.
Gamblessays:"Technologywillenableustomakethelibrary'scontentandservicesopentocitizensasneverbefore.
"49.
Theunderlinedpart"itsidea"inParagraph3referstotheideaof____.
A.
theequipmentB.
theprojectC.
thedigitalmediaD.
thephysicallibrary50.
WhilevisitingtheVirtualLoB,thepubliccan_____.
A.
getageneralideaoftheLoBB.
meetmanyworld-famousexpertsC.
learnhowtoputupalibrarybuildingD.
understandhowthespecialistsworkontheproject51.
WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheLoBwhenitopensa.
Itoffersbetterlearningtoolsb.
Itreachesusersindifferentwaysc.
Itprovidesuserswithsmartphoned.
Itallowsuserstoenrichitsmateriale.
Itgivesnon-stopphysicalanddigitalservicesA.
a,b,dB.
a,c,eC.
b,c,dD.
b,d,e52.
Thetextismostprobablytakenfrom.
A.
acomputerbookB.
alibraryguideC.
aprojecthandbookD.
anewspaperreport【文章大意】预计伯明翰将在2013年建立新的数字化图书馆.
文章主要介绍了新图书馆的特点及功能.

49.
【解析】选B.
词义猜测题,由下一句theprojectisalreadyprovidingchancesforsomeofthemanysmallnewlocalcompaniesworkingatthenewtechnologies.
可知theidea指的是这个项目.
50.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题,由第六段NotonlyhavethepublicbeenabletolearnaboutLoB可知公众可以了解伯明翰图书馆的情况.
51.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题,由第四段givingpeopletherighttoolsforlearning,以及serviceswhichcanbeusedthroughmanydifferentways.
可知a和b正确.
由第七段userswillbeencouragedtoaddtoandcommentonthematerial.
可知d正确.
故选A.
52.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题,由文章内容以及表达方式可推知这篇文章出自报纸上的一篇新闻报道.

Passage3(2011全国卷IA)WhenmilkarrivedonthedoorstepWhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.
HisnamewasMr.
Basille.
Heworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.
Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.
Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.
Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanmilk.
Therewascheese,eggsandsoon.
Ifweneededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote—"Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery"—andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.
Andthen,thebuttermilkwouldmagically(魔术般)appear.
Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.
Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.
Mr.
Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse,forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors,sothatthemilkwouldn'tfreeze.
AndIrememberMr.
Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatourkitchentable,havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.
Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.
Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilk,thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete(竞争).
Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.
Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.
Itookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(门廊).
Everysooftenmyson'sfriendswillaskwhatitis.
SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.
56.
Mr.
Basillegavetheboyaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger_A.
toshowhismagicalpowerB.
topayforthedeliveryC.
tosatisfyhiscuriosityD.
topleasehismother57.
Whatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatthemilkmanhadthekeytotheboy'shouseA.
Hewantedtohaveteathere.
B.
Hewasarespectableparson.
C.
Hewastreatedasafamilymember.
D.
Hewasfullytrustedbythefamily.
58.
WhydoeshomemilkdeliverynolongerexistA.
Nobodywantstobeamilkmannow.
B.
Ithasbeendrivenoutofthemarket.
C.
Itsserviceisgettingpoor.
D.
Itisforbiddenbylaw.
59.
WhydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkboxA.
Hemissedthegoodolddays.
B.
Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.
C.
Heneededitforhismilkbottles.
D.
Heplantedflowersinit.
【文章大意】在20世纪60年代作者还是一个小男孩,生活在新泽西.
在那时,送奶员Mr.

Basille把牛奶送到他们家的门阶,Mr.
Basille与他们家的关系很好.
而现在到处都有卖牛奶的,所以几乎没有送奶的人了.
这使作者非常怀念小时候与送奶员相处的美好时光.

56.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据第一段的Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffhiscoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.
Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarterofhiscoinchanger.
可知,作者对Mr.
Basille的换零钱的袋子很好奇,Mr.
Basille注意到了这一点,所以就给了他25美分.
故选C.
57.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
根据第三段可知,家人与送奶员之间的关系很密切.
Mr.

Basille有作者家的钥匙表明了"作者一家人对Mr.
Basille的信任".
故选D.
58.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
根据第四段可知,现在到处都有卖牛奶的且牛奶很便宜,所以这使得送奶员很难去竞争,需要送奶服务好像也不实际.
由此可知,是目前的经济市场把送奶这个职业给吞没了.
由此可知选B.

59.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据最后一段的Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.
Itookithome…可知,他非常怀念小时候与送奶员相处的美好时光.
故选A.
Passage4(2011全国卷IC)Whilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.
TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaign(发起运动)fortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.
Bedsthataretoosmall,showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg-roomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight,itsays.
Butitisnotjusttheextra-tallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.
Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,andchairshasremainedunchanged.
"Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthanthepersonusingit,soevenaking-sizebedat6'6''(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor25%ofmenwhilethestandard6'3''bedcatersfor(满足需要)lessthanhalfofthemale(男性)population,"saidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy.
"Seven-footbedswouldworkfine.
"Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblems.
Smalltables,whichmeanthelong-1eggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketallcustomersgoelsewhere.
Somehavealreadytakennote,however.
AtQueensMoatHouses'CaledonianHotelinEdinburgh,6'6''bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.
64.
WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaignA.
Toprovidebetterservices.
B.
Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.
C.
Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.
D.
Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.
65.
WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeinricyA.
7'2''.
B.
7'.
C.
6'6''.
D.
6'3''.
66.
WhatmayhappentorestaurantswithsmalltablesA.
Theymaylosesomecustomers.
B.
Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.
C.
Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthetables.
D.
Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelong-legged.
67.
WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburghA.
Tallpeoplepaymoreforlargerbeds.
B.
6'6''bedshavetakentheplaceof6'3''beds.
C.
SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans.
D.
Guestroomsarestandardized.
【文章大意】现在,人们的身高普遍增高,所以人们开始要求旅馆或餐馆的床、桌子、椅子等要加高加长.
但人们的需要在很多情况下并没有得到满足.
虽然有些旅馆或餐馆做出了改变,但很多还是原来的样子.

64.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据第二段可知,TPCGB的目的是让人们注意高个子的人的需要.
故选C.

65.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据第四段中最后一句可知,PhilHeinricy认为7英尺的床较适合.
故选B.
66.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
根据第五段可知,拥有一些小桌子的餐馆会让高个子顾客到其他地方吃饭.
由此可知,有小桌子的餐馆会失去一些顾客.
故选A.

67.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据最后一段可知,在爱丁堡的一家旅馆,6'6''的床代替了原来的6'3''的床.
故选B.

Passage5(2011全国卷ID)CassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.
Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby(业余爱好):Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.
Forherfirstgarden,Ms.
Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.
Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.
Lastyear,Ms.
RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.
Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,"ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpounds,too;soit'sawin-winsituationallaround.
"TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy(经济),havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.
Othershaveincreasedthesizeoftheirexistinggardens.
Seedcompaniesandgardenshopssaythatnotsincethe1970shastherebeensuchanincreaseininterestingrowingfoodathome.
Nowmanygardensacrossthecountryhavebeensoldoutforseveralmonths.
InAustin,Tex,someofthegardenshaveathree-yearwaitinglist.
GeorgeC.
BallJr.
,ownerofacompany,saidsalesofvegetableseedsandplantsareupby40%overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthofthelastfiveyears.
Mr.
Ballarguesthatsomeofthereasonshavebeenbuildingforthelastfewyears.
Thebigoneisthestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables.
Foodpriceshaveincreasedbecauseofhigheroilprices.
Peoplearenowdrivingless,takingfewervacations,sothereismoretimetogarden.
68.
Whatdoestheword"residents"inParagraphlprobablyrefertoA.
chickensB.
tomatoesC.
gardensD.
people69.
Bysaying"awin-winsituationallaround",Ms.
Gartinmeansthat_A.
sheishappierandhergardenbiggerB.
shemayspendlessandloseweightC.
sheissellingmoreandbuyinglessD.
shehasgrownmorevarietiesofvegetables70.
WhyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopularA.
MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.
B.
Thepriceofoilislowerthanbefore.
C.
There'sagrowingneedforfruits.
D.
Thecostoflivingisontherise.
71.
WhichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetextA.
FamilyFoodPlanningB.
BankingonGardeningC.
ABelt-tighteningMoveD.
GardeningasaHobby【文章大意】在美国,由于越来越高的生活费用以及衰退的经济,越来越多的人开始要有花园的房子,在花园里种菜.

68.
【解析】选A.
词义猜测题.
因为前面提到Thefamily'soldhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,由此可知,居住在这个鸡舍里面的应是chicken.
故选A.
69.
【解析】选B.
句意理解题.
根据此句前面的内容ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpounds可知,MsGartin认为这样做不仅会降低费用还可以减肥.
故选B.
70.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第二段的第一句以及最后一段的Thebigoneisthestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables.
可知.
71.
【解析】选B.
主旨大意题.
本文主要讲了在美国越来越多的人开始要有花园的房子,在花园里种菜以减少生活费用.
故选B.

Passage6(2011山东卷C)DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing.
Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart.
"Ihavetwokidsincollege,andIwanttosay'comehome,'butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,"saysJacobs.
TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution:Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(贷款)program.
Theywilleachgraduatewith$20,000ofdebt,butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.
Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearfrommorefamiliesliketheJacobses.
Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans.
Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround.
Atthesametime,tuition(学费)continuestorise.
AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439%from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust147%.
Studentborrowinghasmorethandoubledinthelastdecade.
"Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon'thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation,"saysPatrickM.
Callan,presidentofthecenter.
"Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt.
Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt.
"Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem.
Thegoodnews,however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing,andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted.
66.
AccordingtoParagraph1,whydidtheplanoftheJacobsfamilyfailA.
ThetwinswastedtoomuchmoneyB.
ThefatherwasoutofworkC.
TheirsavingranoutD.
thefamilyfellapart67.
HowdidtheJacobsesmanagetosolvetheirproblemA.
Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome.
B.
Theyborrowed$20,000fromtheschools.
C.
Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart-timejobs.
D.
Theygothelpfromtheschoolsandthefederalgovernment.
68.
Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat_______.
A.
morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsesB.
thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaintC.
collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoonD.
America'sunemploymentwillfall69.
WhatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromthetextA.
Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease.
B.
Theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade.
C.
Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege.
D.
Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years.
70.
Accordingtothelastparagraph,thegovernmentwill.
A.
providemoststudentswithscholarshipsB.
dismisssomefinancialaidadministratorsC.
stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloansD.
goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudents【文章大意】由于失业和学费的增加,许多像DianaJacobs这样的家庭很难承担起孩子上大学的费用.
面对这种艰难的处境,联邦政府的资助学生计划会不断向学生提供货款,让学生完成他们的学业.

66.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由文章第一段中的Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart可知,DianaJacobs的丈夫失业了,这使得原来切实可行的供两个儿子上大学的方案破灭了.

67.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
从第三段中的Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(贷款)program.
可知,Jacobs夫妇得到了学校和政府的帮助,使两个孩子能完成学业.

68.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
由文章第四段中的Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs可知,由于失业的增加,助学金管理人员会面临更多的与Jacobses有相同经济困难的家庭.

69.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
从文章第六段中PatrickM.
Callan所说的Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt可以判断出中产阶级家庭会不惜一切代价,为子女提供接受教育的机会.

70.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
从文章最后一段中的最后一句话Thegoodnews,however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing,andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted.
可知,政府贷款占到学生贷款的四分之三,并且还会源源不断地向学生提供贷款,这说明政府还会不断向大学生提供资助.

Passage7(2011江西卷A)"Mum,whatdoesitmeanwhensomeonetellsyouthattheyhaveaskeleton(骨骼)inthecloset(衣橱)"Jessicaasked.
"Askeletoninthecloset"hermotherpausedthoughtfully,Well,it'ssomethingthatyouwouldrathernothaveanyoneelseknowabout.
Forexample,ifinthepast,someoneinDad'sfamilyhadbeenarrestedforstealingahorse,itwouldbe'askeletoninhisfamily'scloset'.
Hereallywouldn'twantanyneighbortoknowaboutit.
""Whypickonmyfamily"Jessica'sfathersaidwithanger.
"Yourfamilyhistoryisn'tsogood,youknow.
Wasn'tyourgreat-great-grandfatheraprisonerwhowastransportedtoAustraliaforhiscrimes""Yes,butpeoplethesedayssaythatyouarenotarealAustralianunlessyourancestorsarrivedasprisoners.
""Gosh,sorryIasked.
IthinkIunderstandnow,"Jessicacutinbeforethingsgrewworse.
Afterdinner,thehousewasveryquiet.
Jessica'sparentswerestillquiteangrywitheachother.
Hermotherwasironingclothesandeverynowandthensheglaredatherhusband,whohidbehindhisnewspaperpretendingtoread.
Whenshefinished,shegatheredthefreshlypressedclothesinherarmsandwalkedtoJessica'scloset.
Justassheopenedthedoorandreachedintohangaskirt,abonyarmstuckoutfromthedarkdepthsandabundleofwhitebonesfelltothefloor.
Jessica'smothersankintoafaint(晕倒),wakingonlywhenJessicaputacold,wetclothonherforehead.
Shelookeduptoseetheworriedfacesofherhusbandanddaughter.
"WhathappenedWhereamI"sheasked.
"Youjustdestroyedtheschool'sskeleton,Mum,"explainedJessica.
"Ibroughtithometohelpmewithmyhealthproject.
Imeanttotellyou,butitseemedthatassoonasImentionedskeletonsandclosets,itcausedaproblembetweenyouandDad.
"Jessicalookedinamazementasherparentsbegantolaughmadly.
"They'rebothcrazy,"shethought.
56.
AccordingtoJessica'smother,"askeletoninthecloset"means.
A.
afamilyhonorB.
afamilysecretC.
afamilystoryD.
afamilytreasure57.
WhatcanwelearnaboutsomeAustralian'sancestorsfromParagraph2A.
TheywerebroughttoAustraliaasprisoners.
B.
TheyweretheearliestpeoplelivinginAustralia.
C.
TheywereinvolvedinsomecrimesinAustralia.
D.
Theywerenotregardedascriminalsintheirdays.
58.
Jessica'smotherfelldownintoafaintbecauseshewas.
A.
knockedB.
frightenedC.
injuredD.
surprised59.
WhydidJessicabringaskeletonhomeA.
Shewascuriousaboutit.
B.
Sheplannedtokeepitforfun.
C.
Sheneededitforherschooltask.
D.
Sheintendedtoscareherparents.
60.
Jessica'sparentslaughedmadlyattheendofthestoryprobablybecause.
A.
theywerecrazyB.
theywereoverexcitedC.
theyrealizedtheirmisunderstandingD.
theyboththoughttheyhadwonthequarrel【文章大意】文章讲述Jessica问她妈妈"askeletoninthecloset"是什么意思她妈妈就举了个和她爸爸家族有关的例子来解析,结果引起她爸妈的争吵.
之后妈妈被孩子藏在衣橱中的用来完成学校课题的骷髅吓晕过去,最后Jessica解释时说,本想告诉妈妈衣橱里的骷髅的情况,可是每当提到骷髅和衣橱的问题后却总会让父母之间有摩擦,然而最后真相大白,Jessica的父母都意识到了这是一个误会,于是狂笑.

56.
【解析】选B.
考查语义猜测.
根据第一段母亲所说的话"it'ssomethingthatyouwouldrathernothaveanyoneelseknowabout""它是一件你不希望其他人所知道的事情",选择B.
57.
【解析】选A.
细节推断题.
由第二段"Yes,butpeoplethesedayssaythatyouarenotarealAustralianunlessyourancestorsarrivedasprisoners","如今的人们说如果你的祖先不是以囚犯的身份到达澳大利亚的话,那么你就不是一个真正的澳大利亚人.
"选择A.

58【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由第三段"Justassheopenedthedoorandreachedintohangaskirt,abonyarmstuckoutfromthedarkdepthsandabundleofwhitebonesfelltothefloor.
""正当她打开门伸进手去挂短裙的时候,一只骨头胳膊从暗处伸出来然后一堆骨头摔到了地板上.
"得出妈妈应该是被吓晕的.

59【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
由最后一段"Ibroughtithometohelpmewithmyhealthproject.
""我把它带回家是为了帮我搞定我的健康课题",project此处有"学校的科研习作项目,课题"之意判断出C选项.
60【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
结合全文理解,开头讲述了Jessica的一个提问"Mum,whatdoesitmeanwhensomeonetellsyouthattheyhaveaskeleton(骨骼)inthecloset(衣橱)"引出了父母之间的争论,之后妈妈被孩子藏在衣橱中的用来完成学校课题的骷髅吓晕过去,最后Jessica解释时说,"Imeanttotellyou,butitseemedthatassoonasImentionedskeletonsandclosets,itcausedaproblembetweenyouandDad.
"即本想告诉妈妈衣橱里的骷髅的情况,可是每当提到骷髅和衣橱的问题后却总会让父母之间有摩擦,然而最后真相大白,Jessica的父母都意识到了这是一个误会,故而狂笑.
故而选择C.

Passage8(2011江西卷C)ThegardencitywaslargelytheinventionofEbenezerHoward(1850–1928).
AfterimmigratingfromEnglandtotheUSA,andanunsuccessfulattempttomakealivingasafarmer,hemovedtoChicago,wherehesawthereconstructionofthecityafterthedisastrousfireof1871.
Inthosedays,itwasnicknamed"theGardenCity",almostcertainlythesourceofHoward'snameforhislaterbuildingplanoftowns.
ReturningtoLondon,Howarddevelopedhisdesigninthe1880sand1890s,drawingonideasthatwerepopularatthetime,butcreatingauniquecombinationofdesigns.
Thenineteenth-centurypoorcitywasinmanywaysaterribleplace,dirtyandcrowded;butitofferedeconomicandsocialopportunities.
Atthesametime,theBritishcountrysidewasinfactequallyunattractive:thoughitpromisedfreshairandnature,itsufferedfromagriculturaldepression(萧条)anditofferedneitherenoughworkandwages,normuchsociallife.
Howard'sideawastocombinethebestoftownandcountryinanewkindofsettlement,thegardencity.
Howard'sideawasthatagroupofpeopleshouldsetupacompany,borrowingmoneytoestablishagardencityinthedepressedcountryside;farenoughfromexistingcitiestomakesurethatthelandwasboughtatthebottomprice.
Gardencitieswouldprovideacentralpublicopenspace,radialavenuesandconnectingindustries.
Theywouldbesurroundedbyamuchlargerareaofgreenbelt,alsoownedbythecompany,containingnotmerelyfarmsbutalsosomeindustrialinstitutions.
Asmoreandmorepeoplemovedin,thegardencitywouldreachitsplannedlimit-Howardsuggested32,000people;then,anotherwouldbestartedashortdistanceaway.
Thus,overtime,therewoulddevelopavastplannedhousecollection,extendingalmostwithoutlimit;withinit,eachgardencitywouldofferawiderangofjobsandservices,buteachwouldalsobeconnectedtotheothersbyarapidtransportationsystem,thusgivingalltheeconomicandsocialopportunitiesofabigcity.
66.
HowdidHowardgetthenameforhisbuildingplanofgardencitiesA.
Throughhisobservationofthecountrylife.
B.
Throughthecombinationofdifferentideas.
C.
Bytakingotherpeople'sadvice.
D.
ByusingthenicknameofthereconstructedChicago.
67.
Theunderlinedphrase"drawingon"inParagraph1probablymeans______.
A.
makinguseofB.
makingcommentsonC.
givinganexplanationofD.
givingadescriptionof68.
AccordingtoHoward,gardencitiesshouldbebuilt______.
A.
asfaraspossiblefromexistingcitiesB.
inthecountrysidewherethelandwascheapC.
inthecountrysidewhereagriculturewasdevelopedD.
nearcitieswhereemploymentopportunitiesalreadyexisted69.
WhatcanwelearnaboutgardencitiesfromthelastparagraphA.
TheirnumberwouldcontinuetoriseB.
EachonewouldcontinuetobecomelargerC.
PeoplewouldliveandworkinthesameplaceD.
Eachonewouldcontainacertaintypeofbusiness70.
WhatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassageA.
CityandCountrysideB.
TheInventionoftheGardenCityC.
ANewCityinChicagoD.
AFamousGardenCityinEngland【文章大意】文章主要讲述了Howard提出创建"花园城市"需要的一些条件与建立的模式和创建以后对市民产生的影响.
66【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
通过文章第一段的第三句得出:芝加哥的花园城市几乎成为了Howard后来命名的来源.
选项选择D,选项A,B,C未体现.
67【解析】选A.
词义理解题.
通过文章第一段叙述可知Howard在到达芝加哥后有了创建"花园城市"的灵感,回到伦敦后,他运用当时所流行的观点把各种设计进行了结合,形成了他自己的独特设计.
选项选择A.

68【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章第二段的最后一句话可知:要远离现有的城市带以保证土地可以以最低的价位买到.
解题关键在:tomakesure表示目的是,重点在后面.
Bottomprice指最低价格,对应文章选项的土地便宜.
答案选择B.
选项A,C,D都不是建造花园城市的关键要求.
69【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章第三句可知:当越来越多的人搬入花园城市,花园城市就会达到它的预期极限,然后,在不远的地方又会建造另外一个花园城市.
答案选择:A.

选项B,每一个花园城市并不会一直扩大,到了一定程度,就会到达极限,另一个花园城市会再建造起来,故B项错误;选项C.

不同的花园城市建造起来,人们不会在同一个地点生活和上班.
该选项错误;选项D每一个花园城市都有带有农业和一些工业企业,并不只带有一种特定的经济.
从最后一段的第二句可以得出该选项错误.

70【解析】选B.
主旨大意题.
从文章通篇可知,文章讲到的是由芝加哥花园城市的建立到伦敦花园城市的建立,再到文章二段,三段讲到的花园城市建立需要的一些条件和建立的模式可知道文章重点是围绕花园城市的创立来展开的.
A选项与文章本身不符合,C选项芝加哥新城只是文章开头的引入,后面通篇围绕的都是花园城市展开,与文章本身不符合,D选项的英格兰花园城市只是花园城市的一个典型代表,选项并没有进行通篇描述这一个花园城市,而是转入花园城市的总体建立条件和模式展开.
故答案选择B.

Passage9(2011浙江卷D)ItwasSaturday.
Asalways,itwasabusyone,for"Sixdaysshallyoulaborandallyourwork"wastakenseriouslybackthen.
Outside,FatherandMr.
Patricknextdoorwerebusychoppingfirewood.
Insidetheirownhouses,MotherandMrs.
Patrickwereengagedinspringcleaning.
Somehowtheboyshadslippedawaytothebacklotwiththeirkites.
Now,evenattheriskofhavingBrothercaughttobeatcarpets,theyhadsenthimtothekitchenformorestring(线).
Itseemedtherewasnolimittotheheightstowhichkiteswouldflytoday.
Mymotherlookedatthesittingroom,itsfurnituredisorderedforathoroughsweeping.
Againshecastalooktowardthewindow.
"Comeon,girls!
Let'stakestringtotheboysandwatchthemflythekitesaminute.
"OnthewaywemetMrs.
Patric,laughingguiltilyasifsheweredoingsomethingwrong,togetherwithhergirls.
Thereneverwassuchadayforflyingkites!
Weplayedallourfreshstringintotheboys'kitesandtheywentuphigherandhigher.
Wecouldhardlydistinguishtheorange-coloredspotsofthekites.
Nowandthenweslowlypulledonekiteback,watchingitdancingupanddowninthewind,andfinallybringingitdowntoearth,justforthejoyofsendingitupagain.
Evenourfathersdroppedtheirtoolsandjoinedus.
Ourmotherstooktheirturn,laughinglikeschoolgirls.
Ithinkwewereallbesideourselves.
Parentsforgottheirdutyandtheirdignity;childrenforgottheireverydayfightsandlittlejealousies.
"Perhapsit'slikethisinthekingdomofheaven,"Ithoughtconfusedly.
Itwasgrowingdarkbeforeweallwalkedsleepilybacktothehouses.
Isupposewehadsomesortofsupper.
Isupposetheremusthavebeenasurfacetidying-up,forthehouseonSundaylookedcleanandorderlyenough.
Thestrangethingwas,wedidn'tmentionthatdayafterward.
Ifeltalittleembarrassed.
SurelynoneoftheothershadbeenasexcitedasI.
Ilockedthememoryupinthatdeepestpartofmewherewekeep"thethingsthatcannotbeandyettheyare.
"Theyearswenton,thenonedayIwashurryingaboutmykitcheninacityapartment,tryingtogetsomeworkoutofthewaywhilemythree-year-oldinsistentlycriedherdesireto"gopark,seeduck.
""Ican'tgo!
"Isaid.
"Ihavethisandthistodo,andwhenI'mthroughI'llbetootiredtowalkthatfar.
"Mymother,whowasvisitingus,lookedupfromthepeasshewasshelling.
"It'sawonderfulday,"sheoffered,"reallywarm,yetthere'safinebreeze.
Doyourememberthatdayweflewkites"Istoppedinmydashbetweenstoveandsink.
Thelockeddoorflewopenandwithitarushofmemories.
"Comeon,"Itoldmylittlegirl.
"You'reright,it'stoogoodadaytomiss.
"Anotherdecadepassed.
Wewereintheaftermath(余波)ofagreatwar.
Alleveningwehadbeenaskingourreturnedsoldier,theyoungestPatrickBoy,abouthisexperiencesasaprisonerofwar.
Hehadtalkedfreely,butnowforalongtimehehadbeensilent.
Whatwashethinkingof—whatdarkandhorriblethings"Say!
"Asmilesippedoutfromhislips.
"Doyouremember—no,ofcourseyouwouldn't.
Itprobablydidn'tmaketheimpressiononyouasitdidonme.
"Ihardlydaredspeak.
"Rememberwhat""IusedtothinkofthatdayalotinPOWcamp(战俘营),whenthingsweren'ttoogood.
Doyourememberthedayweflewthekites"56.
Mrs.
Patrickwaslaughingguiltilybecauseshethought_A.
shewastoooldtoflykites.
B.
herhusbandwouldmakefunofherC.
sheshouldhavebeendoingherhouseworkthenD.
hergirlsweren'tsupposedtoplaytheboys'game57.
By"wewereallbesideourselveswritermeansthattheyallA.
feltconfusedB.
wentwildwithjoyC.
lookedonD.
forgottheirfights58.
Whatdidthewritethinkafterthekite-flyingA.
Theboysmusthavehadmorefunthanthegirls.
B.
Theyshouldhavefinishedtheirworkbeforeplaying.
C.
Herparentsshouldspendmoretimewiththem.
D.
Alltheothersmusthaveforgottenthatday.
59.
WhydidthewriterfinallyagreetotakeherlittlegirlforanoutingA.
Shesuddenlyrememberedherdutyasamother.
B.
Shewasremindedofthedaytheyflewkites.
C.
Shehadfinishedherworkinthekitchen.
D.
Shethoughtitwasagreatdaytoplayoutside.
60.
TheyoungestPatrickBoyismentionedtoshowthat______.
A.
thewriterwasnotaloneintreasuringherfondmemoriesB.
hisexperienceinPOWcampthrewashadowoverhislifeC.
childhoodfriendshipmeanssomuchtothewriterD.
peoplelikehimreallychangedalotafterthewar【文章大意】本篇通过回顾儿时放风筝的经历,讲述了童年的美好回忆对成年生活的深刻影响.

56.
【解析】选C.
细节题.
从文章第六段中的"Parentsforgottheirdutyandtheirdignity;"可以知道,放风筝应该是孩子们做的事情,大人本应该做家务活的,所以MrsPatrick看孩子放风筝时感到有点愧疚.
57.
【解析】选B.
词汇题.
从本段的文字叙述可以看出,大人和孩子都是非常的高兴,有点忘乎所以.

58.
【解析】选D.
细节题.
从文章倒数第七和第八段"Doyourememberthatdayweflewkites"/Thelockeddoorflewopenandwithitarushofmemories.
"可以知道,经过妈妈的提醒,作者突然想起儿时放风筝的乐趣.
作者原以为其他人都已经忘却此事.

59.
【解析】选B.
细节题.
作者之所以同意去,是由于他母亲的提醒.
60.
【解析】选A.
语篇知识题.
作者在文章最后提到PatrickBoy,通过他的最后一句话我们可以看出,不仅仅作者自己对那次放风筝有着美好的回忆,PatrickBoy也是如此.
Passage10(2011辽宁卷A)Igotmyfirstdriver'slicense(执照)in1953bytakingdrivereducationinmyfirstyearatCentralHighSchoolinCharlotte,NorthCarolina.
FouryearslaterwhenitwastimetorenewmylicenseIwasamarriedwoman.
HenryandIwerelivinginBaltimore,Maryland.
Twoweeksbeforemy20thbirthday,HenrydrovemetothemotorvehicleofficeonahotJulyafternoon.
WhenIgottotheofficeandshowedtothemanbehindthecountermyNorthCarolinadriver'slicense,readytorenew,themantoldmethatIwasunderagebyMarylandlawsinceIwasnotyet21.
"Mr.
HenrySmith,yourhusband,willhavetosignforyou,"hesaid.
Iargued,pointingtoaverylargebelly(肚子)ofmine,"Iammarried.
Iamhavingababy.
WhyshouldIhavetohavesomeonesignformetodrive"Heansweredcoldly,"It'sthelaw,madam.
"Henryencouragedmetocalmdown,justgoaheadandgetthelicenseandbedonewithit.
"No,"Isaid.
Irefusedtohavehimsignforme.
SoIleftwithoutaMarylandlicense.
IcalledtheNorthCarolinaMotorVehicleOfficeandrenewedmyNClicensebymail—usingmynameSusanBrown.
Andthusitwasforthenexttwelveyears.
SinceHenrywasinthearmyIcoulddriveundermyhomestatelicense.
BythetimeHenryleftthearmywewereonceagainlivinginMaryland,andIhadtotaketheMarylanddriver'sexam.
SincethenIjustgoinandreneweveryfouryears—sighthenameSusanBrown,havemynewpicturetaken,andwalkoutwithalicensetodrive.
56.
Susangotherfirstdriver'slicense_A.
beforeshegotmarriedtoHenryB.
whenshewastwentyyearsoldC.
aftershefinishedhighschoolD.
whenshejustmovedtoMaryland57.
SusanfailedtorenewherlicensethefirsttimeinMarylandbecause_______.
A.
shewasforbiddentodrivebyMarylandlawB.
shelackeddrivingexperienceinMarylandC.
shewastogivebirthtoababysoonD.
sheinsistedonsigningforherself58.
WecaninferfromthetextthatintheU.
S.
A.
AmericanmalesshouldserveinthearmyB.
differentstatesmayhavedifferentlawsC.
peoplehavetorenewtheirlicensesintheirhomestatesD.
womenshouldadopttheirhusbands'familynamesaftermarriage【文章大意】作者苏珊布朗于1953年在北卡罗莱纳州夏洛特的中心高中学习并取得了驾照,可四年后,当已为人母的作者和她和丈夫到其居住地马里兰州的巴尔的摩市更新她的驾照的时候发现,按照当地的法律她还需要丈夫替她签名,因为她还不够21岁.
作者于是在接下来的12年中通过邮寄的方式在北卡罗来纳州更新了自己的驾照.
直到丈夫退役并再次住在了马里兰州后,作者才以自己的名字取得了当地的驾照.

56.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据第一段第一句可知作者是在家乡的高中第一年,学习并取得了驾照,而且四年后作者去马里兰州更新的时候才20岁,只有A项合适.

57.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据文章第三段Irefusedtohavehimsignforme.
SoIleftwithoutaMarylandlicense.
可知,是作者坚持自己签名才未能将自己的驾照更新.
58.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
作者在自己的家乡北卡罗莱纳州,高中时就取得了自己的驾照,可四年后在马里兰州却因年龄不够而没有自己的签名权.
由此可以推出美国不同的州有不同的法律,故选B.

Passage11(2011湖南卷A)Whenfirstentered,VanakRestaurantdoesnotlooklikemuchofarestaurant,butoncethepleasantsmellsofkabob(烤肉串)hitthesenses,youareincapableofcallingitanythingless.
Ownedbyalocalcouple,thisPersianrestauranthasaninviting,homelikeatmospherethatmanyrestaurantslack.
Thespaceissmallwithonlyafewdiningtablesandnearlynodecoration,buttheenvironmentistrulycharming.
Lyinginahardlynoticeablestreetcorner,therestaurantstillattractsallcustomers,especiallythoseexperiencedinthedelightsofMiddleEasterncooking.
AcommonsightisthatofoldPersianmensittinginthecornertalkingloudlyaboutworldtopics,watchingnewseventsonTV,drinkingablackteaknownasPersianchai,andreadinglocalPersiannewspapersallthewhiletryingtofinishofftheirplatespiledwithfood.
Thevarietyoffoodattherestaurantislimited,buttheamountofeachdishisfairlylarge.
Mostofthemealscanservetwopeopleandareunder$10,sonotonlyisitaffordablebutpracticalaswell.
Thefoodespeciallyappealstohealth-consciouseatersbecauseeachdishisveryhealthy,madewithlimitedfatandoilandservedstraightoffthegrill(烤肉架).
Themaindishthattherestaurantispopularforisitskabobs,whicharedifferentstylesofgrilledmeat.
OnedeliciousandextremelyhealthydishistheJoojehKabob,whichismadeofgrilledchickenpiecesservedwitheitherriceorbread.
AnothergreatkabobistheCheloKabob,akabobconsistingofgrilledbeef.
Althoughtherestaurantissmall,theatmosphereandthefoodisdelicious.
Itisaplacethatshouldnotbeoverlooked.
56.
Whenfirstenteringtherestaurant,onecanfindthatit_____.
A.
issplendidlydecoratedB.
haspleasantsmellsofkabobsC.
iscrowdedwithdiningtablesD.
lookslikeacommonrestaurant57.
WhatactivityisalsomentionedapartfromdiningintherestaurantA.
WatchingnewseventsonTV.
B.
Drinkingakindofblackcoffee.
C.
ReadinglocalEnglishnewspapers.
D.
Discussingworldtopicsinlowvoices.
58.
Thefoodoftherestaurant_____.
A.
isservedinsmallamountsB.
isratherexpensiveC.
isrichinvarietyD.
isveryhealthy59.
WhatisthedishJoojehKabobmainlymadeofA.
Rice.
B.
Chicken.
C.
Bread.
D.
Beef.
60.
Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattherestaurant_____.
A.
occupiesalargespaceB.
ownsafavorablelocationC.
ispopularforitsspecialfoodD.
hasaquietenvironmentinside【文章大意】这是一篇说明文.
一家面积不大、位置不显眼的饭馆,却以物美价廉的特点受到欢迎.

56.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据第一段可知,人们能闻到羊肉串芳香的气味.
故选B.

57.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据第五段watchingnewseventsonTV可知.
58.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第七段Thefoodespeciallyappealstohealth-consciouseatersbecauseeachdishisveryhealthy…可知.
59.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据倒数第二段第一句…theJoojehKabob,whichismadeofgrilledchickenpieces可知thedishJoojehKabob主要由鸡肉制成.
60.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
由最后一段可知选C.
A与第三段Thespaceissmall矛盾,B与第四段Lyinginahardlynoticeablestreetcorner矛盾,D与第五段oldPersianmensittinginthecornertalkingloudlyaboutworldtopics矛盾.
Passage12(2011天津卷D)Blindimitation(模仿)isself-destruction.
Tothosewhodonotrecognizetheiruniqueworth,imitationappearsattractive;tothosewhoknowtheirstrength.
Imitationisunacceptable.
Intheearlystagesofskillorcharacterdevelopment,imitationishelpful.
WhenIfirstlearnedtocook,Iusedrecipes(菜谱)andturnedoutsometastydishes.
ButsoonIgrewbored.
Whyfollowsomeoneelse'swayofcookingwhenIcouldcreatemyownImitatingrolemodelsislikeusingtrainingwheelsonachild'sbicycle;theyhelpyougetgoing,butonceyoufindyourownbalance,youflyfasterandfartherwithoutrelyingonthem.
Indailylife,imitationcanhurtusifwesubconsciously(下意识地)holdpoorrolemodels.
If,asachild,youobservedpeoplewhoseliveswerebad,youmayhaveacceptedtheirfearandpainasnormalandgoneontofollowwhattheydid.
Ifyoudonotmakestrongchoicesforyourself,youwillgettheresultsoftheweakchoicesofothers.
Inthefieldofentertainment,ourcultureglorifiescelebrities.
Thosestarslookgreatonscreen.
Butwhentheystepoffscreen,theirpersonallivesmaybedisastrous.
Ifyouaregoingtofollowsomeone,focusontheirtalent,nottheirbadcharacterorunacceptablebehaviors.
Blessedisthepersonwillingtoactontheirsuddendesiretocreatesomethingunique.
Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfriendsthathaveaffectedyoumostdeeply.
Theytouchedyoubecausetheircreationsweremotivatedbyinspiration,notdesperation.
Theworldischangednotbythosewhodowhathasbeendonebeforethem,butbythosewhodowhathasbeendoneinsidethem.
Creativepeoplehaveanendlessresourceofideas.
Theproblemacreatorfacesisnotrunningoutofmaterial;itiswhattodowiththematerialknockingatthedoorofimagination.
Studyyourrolemodels,acceptthegiftstheyhavegiven,andleavebehindwhatdoesnotserveyou.
Thenyoucansay,"Istandontheshouldersofmyancestorstragediesanddeclarevictory,andknowthattheyarecheeringmeon.
51.
Imitationprovesusefulwhenyou.
A.
knowyouareuniqueB.
losethebalanceoflifeC.
begintolearnsomethingnewD.
gettiredofroutinepractice52.
Toavoidthebadresultofimitation,weshould_A.
forgetdailyfearandpainB.
choosetherightexampleC.
askothersfordecisionsD.
stayawayfromstars53.
Accordingtotheauthor,theworldmovesonbecauseofthosewhoare.
A.
desperatetoinfluenceotherswiththeirknowledgeB.
readytoturntheiroriginalideasintorealityC.
eagertodiscoverwhattheirancestorsdidD.
willingtoacceptothers'ideas54.
Thetroubleacreatorfacesis.
A.
thelackofstrongmotivationB.
theabsenceofpracticalideasC.
howtosearchformorematerialsD.
howtouseimaginationcreatively55.
Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageA.
Tohighlighttheimportanceofcreatively.
B.
Tocriticizethecharactersofrolemodels.
C.
Tocompareimitationwithcreation.
D.
Toexplainthemeaningofsuccess.
【文章大意】此文是社会生活类.
文章开始从模仿入手,讲了模仿的好处和弊端,我们要模仿一些好的榜样,开始学新东西的时候,模仿是很有用的,但是世界的发展靠的不是模仿而是创造.

51.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
由第二段Intheearlystageofskillorchatacterdevelopment,imitationishelpful在技能或者是性格培养的早期阶段,模仿是很有帮助的,即开始学新东西的时候,模仿是很有用的.
故选C.
A项知道你是独特的,B项失去了生活的平衡,D项厌倦了常规行为,都与文章不符合.

52.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
由文章第三段可知在日常生活中,如果我们以那些差的榜样为楷模的话,我们可能会受到伤害.
如果你不能做出选择的话,你会模仿他们的缺点.
言外之意就是为了避开模仿的坏的影响,要选对模仿的对象.
所以选B.
而不是A项忘记日常恐惧和痛苦,C项请求别人来决定和D项避开明星.

53.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由倒数第二段可知.
祝福那些实施自己的想法而创造出独特东西的人,世界是发展的,不是那些在你之前已做了该做的事的人而是那些把内心所想的事做了的人.
既愿意把自己的想法变成现实的人,所以选B.
A项用知识毁灭性地影响别人的人与文章notdesperation不符合,C项渴望发现祖先所做的事以及D项愿意接受别人的想法与creativepeoplehaveanendlessresourceofideas不相符合.
54.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
倒数第二段Theproblemacreatorfacesisnot.
.
.
knockingatthedoorofimagination可知创造者所面对的不是用完知识,而是用知识去敲开想象之门,故选D.

55.
【解析】选A.
作者意图题.
文章开始从模仿入手,讲了模仿的好处和弊端,我们要模仿一些好的榜样,开始学新东西的时候,模仿是很有用的,但是世界的发展靠的不是模仿而是创造,所以最后两段才是作者真正想要说的,是全文的主题段.
所以作者的目的是为了强调创造的重要性.

Passage13(2011上海卷A)Theteacherwhodidthemosttoencouragemewas,asithappened,myaunt.
ShewasMyrtleC.
Manigault,thewifeofmymother'sbrotherBill.
Shetaughtinsecondgradeatall-blackSummerSchoolinCamden,NewJersey.
Duringmychildhoodandyouth,AuntMyrtleencouragedmetodevelopeveryaspectofmypotential,withoutregardforwhatwasconsideredpracticalorpossibleforblackfemales.
Ilikedtosing;shelistenedtomyvoiceandpronounceditgood.
Icouldn'tdance;shetaughtmethebasicdancingsteps.
Shetookmetothetheatrenotjustchildren'stheatrebutadultcomediesanddramas—andherfaiththatIcouldappreciateadultplayswasnotdisappointed.
Myauntalsotookdownbooksfromherextensivelibraryandsharedthemwithme.
Ihadbooksathome,buttheywereallseriousclassics.
EvenasachildIhadastronglikingforhumor,andI'llneverforgetthejoyofdiscoveringDonMarquis'sArchy&Mehitabelthroughher.
Mostimportant,perhaps,AuntMyrtleprovidedmyfirstopportunitytowriteforpublication.
Awriterherselfforoneoftheblacknewspapers,shesuggestedmynametotheeditorasa"youthcolumnist".
Mycolumn,begunwhenIwasfourteen,wassupposedtocoverteenagesocialactivities—anditdid—butitalsogavemethefreedomtowriteonmanyothersubjectsaswellasthehabitofgatheringmaterial,thedisciplineofmeetingdeadlines,and,aftergraduationfromcollegesixyearslater,asolidcollectionofpublishedmaterialthatcarriedmynameandwasmypassporttoaseriesofwritingjobs.
TodayAuntMyrtleisstillanenthusiasticsupporterofher"favouriteniece".
Likeadiamond,shehasreflectedabright,multifaceted(多面的)imageofpossibilitiestoeverypupilwhohascrossedherpath.
WhichofthefollowingdidAuntMyrtledototheauthorduringherchildhoodandyouthA.
Shelenthersomeseriousclassics.
B.
Shecultivatedhertasteformusic.
C.
Shediscoveredhertalentfordancing.
D.
Sheintroducedhertoadultplays.
65.
WhatdoesArchyandMehitabelinParagraph3probablyrefertoA.
Abookofgreatfun.
B.
Awriterofhighfame.
C.
Aseriousmasterpiece.
D.
Aheartbreakingplay.
66.
AuntMyrtlerecommendedtheauthortoanewspapereditormainlyto______.
[来A.
develophercapabilitiesforwritingB.
giveherachancetocollectmaterialC.
involveherinteenagesocialactivitiesD.
offerheraseriesofwritingjobs67.
WecanconcludefromthepassagethatAuntMyrtlewasateacherwho______.
A.
trainedpupilstobediligentandwell-disciplinedB.
gavepupilsconfidenceinexploitingtheirpotentialC.
emphasizedwhatwaspracticalorpossibleforpupilsD.
helpedpupilsovercomedifficultiesinlearning【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述作者的舅妈AuntMyrtle作为一位出色的教师,善于引导学生发现自身潜力,并在发展学生们爱好和兴趣的同时给予学生们信心的故事.

65.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据文章第二段最后一句话Shetookmetothetheatre---notjustchildren's…wasnotdisappointed可知AuntMyrtle不仅带作者去看儿童剧同时也去看成人剧,故D项说法正确.
由第三段第一句和第二句可知A项说法错误;由第二段第二句可知B项说法错误;由第二段第三句可知C项说法错误.

66.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
由EvenasachildIhadastronglikingforhumour,andI'llneverforgetthejoyof.
.
.
中的humour和joy可知句中的斜体字是与humour和joy相关的,故选A.
67.
【解析】选A.
归纳总结题.
由文章第四段可知AuntMyrtle推荐作者做报纸的编辑主要是为了锻炼作者的写作能力,故选A.
68.
【解析】选B.
归纳总结题.
通过理解全文和最后一段可知AuntMyrtle作为一位老师,总是给予学生们信心并充分开发他们的潜力,故选B.

Passage14(2011江苏卷A)Weknowthefamousones—theThomasEdisonsandtheAlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventorsWhataboutthepeoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper(雨刮器)Shouldn'tweknowwhotheyareJoanMcLeanthinksso.
Infact,McLean,aprofessorofphysicsatMountainUniversityinRange,feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe'sdevelopedacourseonthetopic.
Inadditiontolearning"who"invented"what",however,Mcleanalsolikesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe"why"and"how"questions.
AccordingtoMcLean,"Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions,theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry.
"Herstudentsagree.
OneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrellaiswalkingproofofMcLean'sstatement.
"IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthewindshieldwiper'sinvention,"saidTommyLee,aseniorphysicsmajor,"Ineverwouldhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingsoconstructive.
"Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatenttoanumbrellaproducer.
So,justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiperWell,MaryAndersoncameupwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.
Thedaywascoldandstormy,butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights,soshejumpedaboardastreetcar.
Noticingthatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnowcoveringthewindshield,shefoundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn'tbeabuilt-indeviceforcleaningthewindow.
StillwonderingaboutthiswhenshereturnedhometoBirmingham,Alabama,Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.
Oneofherideas,alever(操作杆)ontheinsideofavehiclethatwouldcontrolanarmontheoutside,becamethefirstwindshieldwiper.
Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations,It'shardtoimaginedrivingwithoutGarrettA.
Morgan'strafficlight.
It'sequallyimpossibletopictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ.
Blodgett'sinnovationthatmakesglassinvisible.
Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsandeyeglasses56.
Bymentioning"trafficlight"and"windshieldwiper",theauthorindicatesthatcountlessinventionsare.
A.
beneficial,becausetheirinventorsarefamousB.
beneficial,thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamousC.
notuseful,becausetheirinventorsarelessfamousD.
notuseful,thoughtheirinventorsarefamous57.
ProfessorJoanMcLean'scourseaimsto_____.
A.
addcolourandvarietytostudents'campuslifeB.
informstudentsofthewindshieldwiper'sinventionC.
carryouttherequirementsbyMountainUniversityD.
preparestudentstotrytheirowninventions58.
TommyLee'sinventionoftheunbreakableumbrellawasA.
noteventuallyacceptedbytheumbrellaproducerB.
inspiredbythestorybehindthewindshieldwiperC.
duetohisdreamofbeingcaughtinarainstormD.
notrelatedtoProfessorJoanMcLean'slectures59.
WhichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassageA.
HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducersB.
HowtoDesignaBuilt-inDeviceforCleaningtheWindowC.
Shouldn'tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiperD.
Shouldn'tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities【文章大意】著名的发明家固然令人羡慕,但是很多不知名的发明家也在生活中起着非常重要的作用.
大学教授JoanMcLean开设一个课程让学生了解一些不很著名的发明家以及他们的发明物是如何发现的,发现的原因等来激发学生的创造力,鼓励他们积极地从生活中创造发明.

56.
【解析】选B.
细节推断题.
根据第一段的三个反问句以及最后一段的第一句话可知作者认为这些不知名的发明家发明的东西对人们来说是非常有用的.
故选B项.

57.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第二段的最后一句话可知McLean想通过这样的课程来激发学生创造发明的兴趣,为未来的创造发明做好准备.

58.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据第三段中TommyLee的话"IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthewindshieldwiper'sinvention,Ineverwouldhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingsoconstructive.
"可知雨刮器的发明的故事给了他启示,让他也从生活当中获得发明的灵感,从而有了自己的发明.
第三段的最后一句话表明他目前正在和雨伞生产者谈判,还不知道最后的结果,因此A项错误;C项和文中的描述不符合;TommyLee是McLean的学生,也是她的课程的受益者,因此D项错误.
59.
【解析】选C.
主旨大意题.
第一段以反问句的形式提出"Shouldn'tweknowwhotheyare"这样的问题,接下来以实际的例子说明了解一些不太出名的发明家以及他们的发明给人们带来的好处,又以学生受到这些发明家的启发发明东西的事实证明了人们有必要去了解这些发明家.
故C项可以体现主题.
其他三个选项只是就文中的某一个细节而提出的,不足以概括全文,可排除.

Passage15(2011江苏卷D)ShayandhisfatherwalkedpastaparkwheresomeboysShayknewwereplayingbaseball.
Shayasked,"Doyouthinkthey'llletmeplay"Shay'sfatherknewthatmostoftheboyswouldnotwantsomeonelikeShayontheirteam,butthefatheralsounderstoodthatifhisson,mentallyandphysicallydisabled,wereallowedtoplay,itwouldgivehimamuch-neededsenseofbelongingandsomeconfidence.
Shay'sfatherapproachedoneoftheboysonthefieldandaskedifShaycouldplay,notexpectingmuch.
Theboylookedaroundandsaid,"We'relosingbysixruns(分)andthegameisintheeighthinning(局).
Iguesshecanbeonourteamandwe'lltrytoputhimintobatinthefinalinning.
Shaystruggledovertotheteam'sbenchandputonateamshirtwithabroadsmileandhisfatherhadasmalltearinhiseyeandwarmthinheart.
Theboyssawthefather'sjoyathissonbeingaccepted.
Inthebottomoftheeighthinning,Shay'steamscoredafewrunsbutwasstillbehindbythree.
Inthetopofthefinalinning,Shayputonagloveandplayedinthefield.
Eventhoughnohitscamehisway,hewasobviouslyjoyfuljusttobeinthegameandonthefield.
Inthebottomofthefinalinning,Shay'steamscoredagain.
Now,Shaywasscheduledtobenextatbat.
WouldtheyletShaybatandgiveawaytheirchancetowinthegameSurprisingly,Shaywasgiventhebat.
Everyoneknewthatahitwasalmostimpossible.
Thefirstpitch(投)cameandShaymissed.
ThepitcheragaintookafewstepsforwardtothrowtheballsoftlytowardsShay.
Asthepitchcamein,Shayswungattheballandhitaslowgroundballrightbacktothepitcher.
ThepitchercouldhaveeasilythrowntheballtothefirstbasemanandShaywouldhavebeenoutandthatwouldhavebeentheendofthegame.
Instead,thepitcherthrewtheballrightovertheheadofthefirstbaseman,beyondthereachofallteammates,Theaudienceandtheplayersfrombothteamsstartedscreaming,"Shay,runtofirst!
"NeverinhislifehadShayeverrunthatfarbutmadeittofirstbase,wide-eyedandshocked.
Everyoneshouted,"Runtosecond!
"Catchinghisbreath,Shayawkwardlyrantowardssecond.
BythetimeShayroundedtowardssecondbase,thesmallestguyontheirteam,whohadachancetobetheheroforhisteamforthefirsttime,couldhavethrowntheballtothesecondbaseman,butheunderstoodthepitcher'sintentionsandhetoointentionallythrewtheballhighandfaroverthethirdbaseman'shead.
Allwerescreaming,"Shay,Shay,Shay,allthewayShay.
"Shayreachedthirdbasewhenoneopposingplayerrantohelphimandshouted,"Shay,runtothird.
"AsShayroundedthird,allwereontheirfeet,crying,"Shay,runhome!
"Shayrantohome,steppedonthehomebaseandwascheeredastheherowhowonthegameforhisteam.
Thatday,theboysfrombothteamshelpedbringapiecetrueloveandhumanityintothisworld.
Shaydidn'tmakeittoanothersummeranddiedthatwinter,havingneverforgottenbeingtheheroandmakinghisfathersohappyandcominghomeandseeinghismothertearfullyhugherlittleherooftheday!
66.
Notexpectingmuch,Shay'sfatherstillaskedtheboyifShaycouldplay,mainlybecausethefatherA.
noticedsomeoftheboysonthefieldwerehesitatingB.
guessedhispresencewouldaffecttheboy'sdecisionC.
learnedsomeoftheboysonthefieldknewShaywellD.
understoodShaydidneedafeelingofbeingaccepted67.
InthebottomofthefinalinningShaywasgiventhebatbecausetheboys_______.
A.
believedtheyweresuretowinthegameB.
wouldliketohelpShayenjoythegameC.
foundShaywassoeagertobeawinnerD.
fellforcedtogiveShayanotherchance68.
Thesmallestboythrewtheballhighandfaroverthethirdbaseman'shead,probablybecausethatboyA.
wasobviouslyawareofthepitcher'spurposeB.
lookedforwardtowinningthegameforhisteamC.
failedtothrowtheballtothesecondbasemanD.
sawthatShayalreadyreachedsecondbase69.
WhichofthefollowinghasnothingtodowithShay'sbecomingtheheroforhisteamA.
Thepitcherdidnotthrowtheballtothefirstbaseman.
B.
Theaudienceandtheplayersfrombothteamscheeredforhim.
C.
Theopposingplayersfailedtostophisrunningtohome.
D.
Oneoftheopposingplayersrantohelphim.
70.
WhatdoyouthinkisthethemeofthestoryA.
Truehumannaturecouldberealizedinthewaywetreateachother.
B.
Everyonehashisownstrengthevenifmentallyorphysicallydisabled.
C.
Everyonecandevelophisteamspiritinsportsandpleasehisparents.
D.
Theresultsofthegameshouldnotbetheonlyconcernoftheplayers.
【文章大意】主要介绍了一伙青少年通过一场棒球赛帮助一个身患疾病的孩子从中得到快乐,得到自信.
体现了人性的真善美.

66.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题,根据第一段的最后一句话".
.
.
butthefatheralsounderstoodthatifhisson,…,wereallowedtoplay,itwouldgivehimamuch-neededsenseofbelongingandsomeconfidence.
"可知父亲想让儿子感受到被需要的感觉以及增加自信.
67.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题,根据第五段中的"thepitcher向前迈了几步,轻轻地把球向Shay扔去.
"以及第六段中的"thepitcher本可以很轻松的把球扔向第一垒,然后Shay就会出局.
"但他没有那样做可知他想让Shay继续玩下去.

68.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题,根据第七段最后可知thesmallestboy故意把球扔的高高的,还是想给Shay继续玩下去的机会,当然也是因为他理解了投球手的意图.
故A项正确.

69.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题,从文中的第六段以及第八段可知A、B和D项在文中都被提及,而且都是给Shay机会以及鼓励他的事例,只有C项未提及.

70.
【解析】选A.
主旨大意题,文章在最后一段点题,说明了两支球队的孩子们通过帮助残疾孩子Shay的事情体现了人间真爱和人性美.
故A项正确.

Passage16(2011广东卷A)Intheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimal.
Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.
ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.
Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.
AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy.
Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIfeelsadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.
Theydon'tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.
Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness,whichincludesalotofpretending.
Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe'rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat'sinthem.
Lastmonth,whenIwasdrivinghomeonabusyhighway,Ibegantofeelunwellanddrovemoreslowlythanusual.
Peoplebehindmebegantogetimpatientandangry,withsomespeedingupalongsideme,horning(按喇叭)orevenshoutingatme.
AtthatmomentIdecidedtodosomethingIhadneverdoneintwenty-fouryearsofdriving.
Iputonthecarflashlightsanddroveonatareallylowspeed.
Nomoreangryshoutsandnomorehorns!
WhenIputonmyflashlights,Iwassayingtootherdrivers,"Ihaveaproblemhere.
IamweakanddoingthebestIcan.
"Andeveryoneunderstood.
Severaltimes,Isawdriverswhowantedtopass.
Theycouldn'tgetaroundmebecauseofthestreamofpassingtraffic.
Butinsteadofgettingimpatientandangry,theywaited,knowingthedriverinfrontofthemwasinsomewayweak.
Sometimessituationscallforustoactstrongandbraveevenwhenwedon'tfeelthatway.
Butthosearefewandfarbetween.
Moreoften,itwouldbebetterifwedon'tpretendwefeelstrongwhenwefeelweakorpretendthatwearebravewhenwearescared.
26.
Theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen______.
A.
theyoffertheirhelpB.
theyreceiveothers'helpC.
theyfeelothers'kindnessD.
theyshowtheirweakness27.
Theauthorfeelssadsometimesbecause______.
A.
hehasasoftheartB.
hereliesmuchonothersC.
somepeoplepretendtobekindD.
somepeoplefailtoseethekindnessinothers28.
WhatdidtheotherdriversdowhentheysawtheflashlightsA.
Theyspeededuptopass.
B.
Theywaitedwithpatience.
C.
Theytriedtheirbesttohelp.
D.
Theyputontheirflashlightstoo.
29.
Inthispassage,theauthoradvisesusto______.
A.
handleproblemsbyourselvesB.
accepthelpfromothersC.
admitourweaknessD.
showourbravery30.
WhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassageA.
AWheelchairExperience.
B.
WeaknessandKindness.
C.
WeaknessandStrengthD.
ADrivingExperience【文章大意】作者认为在动物世界,如果某一方显露自己的弱点,那么无疑会招致另一方的欺侮.
但在我们人类的日常生活中却并非如此,如果我们敢于承认自己的弱点,反而会得到别人的帮助、恩惠.
文章围绕这一点展开并结合作者的个人经历,告诫我们要看到人所特有的一面,人总是会同情弱者,人与人之间是相互理解和帮助的,因此在必要时承认自己的弱点却能更正确的理解生活.

26.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据文章第一段最后一句话"Iseeiteveryday…AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy.
"可以知道作者每天都会受到别人或大或小的关照,而此时作者发现那些给予自己帮助的人也总是无比开心的的,因而选择A.

27.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第二段开端的"…butsometimesIfeelsadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily"可以看出,作者感到悲哀是因为作者发现那些自以为可以孑然而立的人看不到周围人会对他们施以关心和帮助.

28.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
通读第三段到第五段,我们了解作者因身体不适而放缓速度并打开了车后灯,后面的司机们看到前面亮着的车灯不再按喇叭,而是耐心等待,第五段最后一句"Butinsteadofgettingimpatientandangry,theywaited,…"正说明了这一点.
29.
【解析】选C.
考查作者意图.
作者通过最后一段告诉我们在不应该在自己处于弱势时过分假装坚强或是在惊恐时假装勇敢,必要时要敢于承认自己的弱点,这是作者写这篇文章的意图.
所以选择C.

30.
【解析】选B.
主旨大意题.
作者写这样一篇文章主要是通过自己的经历阐述弱势与善意之间的关系,当一个人表现或表明自己所处的的困境时,别人便会好心地给予帮助,所以最佳题目当选WeaknessandKindness.
.
Passage17(2011广东卷B)CandogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehomePeoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.
Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeforsuccess.
Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.
Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.
However,itwasn'tallsweetnessandlight.
Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomes,whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.
Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalsarejustopposite.
Forexample,whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression,whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission.
Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersobservedasurprisingbehavior.
Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother'slanguage.
Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk'Dog',anddogscanlearnhowtotalk'Cat'.
What'sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligence.
Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachother'sbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwaspreviouslysuspected.
Oncefamiliarwitheachother'spresenceandbodylanguage,catsanddogscanplaytogether,greeteachothernosetonose,andenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofa.
Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom(梳理)eachother.
Thesignificanceofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets—topeoplewhodon'tgetalong,includingneighbors,colleaguesatwork,andevenworldsuperpowers.
Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong,surelypeoplehaveagoodchance.
31.
TheunderlinedwordswimminglyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.
A.
earlyB.
sweetlyC.
quicklyD.
smoothly32.
Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen______.
A.
theyarecoldtoeachotherB.
theylookawayfromeachotherC.
theymisunderstoodeachother'ssignalsD.
theyareintroducedatanearlyage33.
WhatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogsA.
Theyeatandsleeptogether.
B.
Theyobserveeachother'sbehaviors.
C.
Theylearntospeakeachother'slanguage.
D.
Theyknowsomethingfromeachother'svoices.
34.
ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs______.
A.
havecommoninterestsB.
arelessdifferentthanwasthoughtC.
haveacommonbodylanguageD.
arelessintelligentthanwasexpected35.
WhatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogsA.
Weshouldlearntoliveinharmony.
B.
Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.
C.
Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.
D.
Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.
【文章大意】人们一般认为在同一家庭中,狗与猫之间因为种种原因难以和谐相处,即使可以的话也只占极少部分.
然而最近一项科学研究却对这种看法提出了挑战,研究结果发现猫与狗之间存在着交流与学习.
它们彼此互相学习各自的语言、深化认识,有助于促进相互间和平共处.
既然动物之间都可以这样主动改善关系,更何况我们人类呢31.
【解析】选D.
词义猜测题.
首段第一、二句就暗示人们普遍认为狗和猫是不能和谐相处的,而后面的研究与前面内容相成对比:如果采取适当的措施,猫与狗之间是可以平和相处的,因而"swimmingly"的应该是"顺利地;轻易地"之意.
A、C两项有悖常识,B选项sweetly意为"甜蜜地;亲切地",程度过深,不合常理;D项smoothly意为"平稳地的;顺利地",切合题意.

32.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
根据第二段第三句话"Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalsarejustopposite"是对第二句话的解释,也是伏笔,暗示出猫与狗之间某些肢体语言意义的相反恰恰是造成猫狗争斗的重要原因,"this"代指前半段猫狗双方难以和平共处的现实.

33.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
从第三段"…researchersobservedasurprisingbehavior.
Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother'slanguage…"得知这个令人吃惊的发现便是猫与狗竟然能够互相学习对方的语言.

34.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
文章第四段告诉我们"…thetwomayhavemoreincommon…",也就是说事实上猫与狗之间存在更多的共同点,它们并没有我们我们想象中的那么格格不入.

35.
【解析】选A.
细节与归纳题.
细读最后一段内容我们可以发现作者提出了反问:既然动物都可以学着和谐共存,更何况是技高一筹的人类因而,通过猫与狗的研究可以得出我们人类应该学会和谐相处,注意选项A中"harmony"意为"和谐、和睦".

Passage18(2011新课标全国卷A)WhenmilkarrivedonthedoorstepWhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.
HisnamewasMr.
Basille.
Heworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.
Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.
Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.
Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanmilk.
Therewascheese,eggsandsoon.
Ifweneededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote—"Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery"—andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.
Andthen,thebuttermilkwouldmagically(魔术般)appear.
Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.
Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.
Mr.
Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse,forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors,sothatthemilkwouldn'tfreeze.
AndIrememberMr.
Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatourkitchentable,havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.
Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.
Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilk,thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete(竞争).
Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.
Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.
Itookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(门廊).
Everysooftenmyson'sfriendswillaskwhatitis.
SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.
56.
Mr.
Basillegavetheboyaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger_A.
toshowhismagicalpowerB.
topayforthedeliveryC.
tosatisfyhiscuriosityD.
topleasehismother57.
Whatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatthemilkmanhadthekeytotheboy'shouseA.
Hewantedtohaveteathere.
B.
Hewasarespectableperson.
C.
Hewastreatedasafamilymember.
D.
Hewasfullytrustedbythefamily.
58.
WhydoeshomemilkdeliverynolongerexistA.
Nobodywantstobeamilkmannow.
B.
Ithasbeendrivenoutofthemarket.
C.
Itsserviceisgettingpoor.
D.
Itisforbiddenbylaw.
59.
WhydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkboxA.
Hemissedthegoodolddays.
B.
Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.
C.
Heneededitforhismilkbottles.
D.
Heplantedflowersinit.
【文章大意】在20世纪60年代作者还是一个小男孩,生活在新泽西.
在那时,送奶员Mr.

Basille把牛奶送到他们家的门阶,Mr.
Basille与他们家的关系很好.
而现在到处都有卖牛奶的,所以几乎没有送奶的人了.
这使作者非常怀念小时候与送奶员相处的美好时光.

56.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据第一段的Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffhiscoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.
Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarterofhiscoinchanger.
可知,作者对Mr.
Basille的换零钱的袋子很好奇,所以Mr.
Basille注意到了这一点,就给了他25美分.
故选C.
57.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
根据第三段可知,家人与送奶员之间的关系很密切.
Mr.

Basille有作者家的钥匙表明了"作者一家人对Mr.
Basille的信任".
故选D.
58.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
根据第四段可知,现在到处都有卖牛奶的且牛奶很便宜,所以这使得送奶员很难去竞争,需要送奶服务好像也不实际.
由此可知,是目前的经济市场把送奶这个职业给吞没了.
由此可知选B.

59.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据最后一段的第一句Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.
Itookithome…可知,他非常怀念小时候与送奶员相处的美好时光.
故选A.
Passage19(2011新课标全国卷B)Whilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.
TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaign(发起运动)fortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.
Bedsthataretoosmall,showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg-roomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight,itsays.
Butitisnotjusttheextra-tallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.
Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,andchairshasremainedunchanged.
"Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthanthepersonusingit,soevenaking-sizebedat6'6''(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor25%ofmenwhilethestandard6'3''bedcatersfor(满足需要)lessthanhalfofthemale(男性)population,"saidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,"Seven-footbedswouldworkfine.
"Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblems.
Smalltables,whichmeanthelong-1eggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketallcustomersgoelsewhere.
Somehavealreadytakennote,however.
AtQueensMoatHouses'CaledonianHotelinEdinburgh,6'6''bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.
60.
WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaignA.
Toprovidebetterservices.
B.
Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.
C.
Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.
D.
Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.
61.
WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeinricyA.
7'2''.
B.
7'.
C.
6'6''.
D.
6'3''.
62.
WhatmayhappentorestaurantswithsmalltablesA.
Theymaylosesomecustomers.
B.
Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.
C.
Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthetables.
D.
Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelong-legged.
63.
WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburghA.
Tallpeoplepaymoreforlargerbeds.
B.
6'6''bedshavetakentheplaceof6'3''beds.
C.
SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans.
D.
Guestroomsarestandardized.
【文章大意】现在,人们的身高普遍增高,所以人们开始要求些旅馆或餐馆的床、桌子、椅子等要加高加长.
但人们的需要在很多情况下并没有得到满足.
虽然有些旅馆或餐馆做出了改变,但很多还是原来的样子.

60.
【解析】选C.
细节理解题.
根据第二段可知,TPCGB的目的是让人们注意高个子的人的需要.
故选C.

61.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据第四段中最后一句可知,PhilHeinricy认为7英尺的床较适合.
故选B.
62.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
根据第五段可知.
拥有一些小桌子餐馆的会让高个子顾客到其他地方吃饭.
由此可知,有小桌子的餐馆会失去一些顾客.
故选A.

63.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据最后一段可知,在爱丁堡的一家旅馆,6'6''的床代替了原来的6'3''的床.
故选B.

Passage20(2011新课标全国卷C)CassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.
Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby(业余爱好):Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.
Forherfirstgarden,Ms.
Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.
Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.
Lastyear,Ms.
RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.
Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,"ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpounds,too;soit'sawin-winsituationallaround.
"TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy(经济),havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.
Othershaveincreasedthesizeoftheirexistinggardens.
Seedcompaniesandgardenshopssaythatnotsincethe1970shastherebeensuchanincreaseininterestingrowingfoodathome.
Nowmanygardensacrossthecountryhavebeensoldoutforseveralmonths.
InAustin,Tex.
,someofthegardenshaveathree-yearwaitinglist.
GeorgeC.
BallJr.
,ownerofacompany,saidsalesofvegetableseedsandplantsareupby40%overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthofthelastfiveyears.
Mr.
Ballarguesthatsomeofthereasonshavebeenbuildingforthelastfewyears.
Thebigoneisthestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables.
Foodpriceshaveincreasedbecauseofhigheroilprices.
Peoplearenowdrivingless,takingfewervacations,sothereismoretimetogarden.
64.
Whatdoestheword"residents"inParagraphlprobablyrefertoA.
Chickens.
B.
Tomatoes.
C.
Gardens.
D.
People.
65.
WhyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopularA.
MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.
B.
Thepriceofoilislowerthanbefore.
C.
There'sagrowingneedforfruits.
D.
Thecostoflivingisontherise.
66.
WhichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetextA.
FamilyFoodPlanningB.
BankingonGardeningC.
ABelt-tighteningMoveD.
GardeningasaHobby【文章大意】在美国,由于越来越高的生活费用以及衰退的经济,越来越多的人开始要有花园的房子,在花园里种菜.

64.
【解析】选A.
词义猜测题.
因为前面提到Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,由此可知,居住在这个鸡舍里面的应是chicken.
故选A.
65.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
根据第二段的第一句以及最后一段的Thebigoneisthestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables.
可知.
66.
【解析】选B.
主旨大意题.
本文主要讲了在美国越来越多的人开始要有花园的房子,在花园里种菜以减少生活费用.
故选B.

Passage21(2011重庆卷A)Therewasagardenerwholookedafterhisgardenwithgreatcare.
Towaterhisflowers,heusedtwobuckets.
Onewasashinyandnewbucket.
Theotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone,whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice,butwasnowpastitsbest.
Everymorning,thegardenerwouldfillupthetwobuckets.
Thenhewouldcarrythemalongthepath,oneoneachside,totheflowerbeds.
Thenewbucketwasveryproudofitself.
Itcouldcarryafullbucketofwaterwithoutasingledropspilled(溢出).
Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes:beforeitreachedtheflowerbeds,muchwaterhadleakedalongthepath.
Sometimesthenewbucketwouldsay,"SeehowcapableIam!
Howgooditisthatthegardenerhasmetowatertheflowerseveryday!
Idon'tknowwhyhestillbotherswithyou.
Whatawasteofspaceyouare!
"Andallthattheoldbucketcouldsaywas"IknowIamnotveryuseful,butIcanonlydomybest.
Iamhappythatthegardenerstillfindsalittlebitofuseinme,atleast.
"Oneday,thegardenerheardthatkindofconversation.
Afterwateringtheflowersasusual,hesaid,"Youbothhavedoneyourworkverywell.
NowIamgoingtocarryyouback.
Iwantyoutolookcarefullyalongthepath.
"Thenthetwobucketsdidso.
Allalongthepath,theynoticed,onthesidewherethenewbucketwascarried,therewasjustbare(光秃秃的)earth;ontheothersidewheretheoldbucketwascarried,therewasajoyousrowofwildflowers,leadingallthewaytothegarden.
56.
Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dilapidated"probablymeanA.
Dirty.
B.
Dark.
C.
Worn-out.
D.
Plain-looking.
57.
WhatwastheoldbucketashamedofA.
Hispast.
B.
Hisaging.
C.
Hismanner.
D.
Hisleaking.
58.
ThenewbucketmadeconversationswiththeoldonemainlytoA.
laughattheoldoneB.
takepityontheoldoneC.
showoffitsbeautifullooksD.
praisethegardener'skindness59.
WhywastheoldbucketstillkeptbythegardenerA.
Becauseitwasusedtokeepabalance.
B.
Becauseitstayedinitsbestcondition.
C.
Becauseitwastakenasatreasure.
D.
Becauseithaditsownfunction.
【文章大意】本文是记叙文,讲述了一个园丁和水桶的故事,给人的启迪是:无需自行惭秽,即使微小也能发挥生命良能.

56.
【解析】选C.
猜测词义题.
由第一段第二句Onewasashinyandnewbucket.
Theotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone.
Whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice,butwasnowpastitsbest.
可知,其中一个水桶是新的,颜色鲜亮有光泽,另一个水桶则破旧不堪,他已经为这个花园服务了好多年,昔日最佳的状态已经不在.
该词与前面的shiny对比,因此应该是worn-out破旧不堪的,故选C.

57.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
由第二段最后一句Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes:beforeitreachedtheflowerbeds,muchwaterhadleakedalongthepath.
破旧的水桶感到很羞愧.
它知道自己有漏洞,每天早上园丁提着它到达花床时,大量的水洒落在小径上了.

58.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据第三段Sometimesthenewbucketwouldsay,"SeehowcapableIam!
Howgooditisthatthegardenerhasmetowatertheflowerseveryday!
Idon'tknowwhyhestillbotherswithyou.
Whatawasteofapaceyouare!
""你看我多么有效率.
"闪闪发亮的水桶有时自豪地说,"园丁因为我才能确保每天替花儿浇水,这多棒啊.
我不明白他为什么还要费心用你.
你根本是多余的.
"可以看出新水桶是在嘲笑旧水桶,故选A.

59.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
由倒数第二段"Youbothhavedoneyourworkverywell.
NowIamgoingtocarryyouback.
Iwantyoutolookcarefullyalongthepath.
""你们两位都把每日的工作做得很好.
我现在要带你们回去,不过途中我希望你们仔细看看小径.
"以及由最后一段Allalongthepath,theynoticed,onthesidewherethenewbucketwascarried.
therewasjustbare(光秃秃的)earth;ontheothersidewheretheoldbucketwascarried,therewasajoyousrowofwildflowers,leadingallthewaytothegarden.
"他们发现,小径的一边——园丁提着闪闪发亮的新水桶那边——沿路只有光秃秃的泥土.
然而另一边——园丁提着有漏洞的旧水桶那边——沿途长满一排通往花园的快乐野花.
"可以看出,旧水桶也照样有用处,故选D.

Passage22(2011湖北卷A)Honesty,mymumalwaysusedtotellme,isthebestpolicy.
Ofcourse,thisdidn'tincludeherwhenshetoldmethatifIdidn'teatallmyvegetablesFatherChristmaswouldfindoutandwouldn'tgivemeanypresents.
Butwhenitcomestomedicine,Ihadassumeditwasimportanttoalwaysbehonestwithmypatients.
Afterall,thedoctorpatientrelationshipisbasedontrust,andthereforehonestyisessential,OrsoIthought.
Ihadjuststartedworkingingeriatrics(老年病科).
Mr.
McMahonwasbroughtinwhenhisbabywasfoundveryswollen.
Itookamedicalhistoryfromhisdaughterwouldaccompaniedhimintheambulance.
She'dbeenhismaincarerforyears.
Istoodlookingathimasshegaveadetailedhistory.
"Hashelostanyweightrecently"Iasked,"Well,it'sfunnyyoushouldmentionthat,butyes.
"Shesaidslowly.
Therewassilenceforafewmoments.
"WhyWhatareyouworriedabout"sheasked,Ihesitated.
ShewasobviouslyveryinvolvedinhiscareanditwasonlyfairthatItoldherthetruth.
"Well,weneedtoproveit'snotcancer.
"IsaidandtalkedbrieflyaboutsomeofthetestsIwasgoingtoorder.
Halfanhourlater,anursecalledme:"Mr.
McMahon'sdaughterbrokedown-shesaidyoutoldherhehadcancer.
"Myheartsank.
BythetimeIarrivedattheward,myconsultantwasalreadythere,explainingthatwestillhadtorunlotsoftestsandthatitwasbynomeansconfirmedthathehadcancer.
Istoodsilentlyattheendofthebed.
MyconsultantwasobviouslyangrywithmeandasweleftMr.
McMahon,sheturnedtome.
"Whyonearthdidyoudothat"sheaskedtodisbelief.
Ilookedatherandbitmylip.
"SheaskedmewhatIwasworriedaboutandItoldher.
"Isaid,hangingmyhead.
"Andgivehermoretoworryabout"repliedmyconsultant.
"Youdon'tsaytheword'cancer'untilit'sconfirmed.
Evenifyoususpectit,thinkverycarefullybeforeyoutellpeople.
"Asitturnedout,itwasn'tcancer.
ButIdidlearnthatwhensomeoneisstressedandworriedabouttheirlovedonethey'resometimesselectiveinwhattheyhear-andasadoctorit'simportanttobemindfulofthis.
Inbeingtruthful,I'dmadethesituationworse.
51.
Thepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphsistoshowthattheauthor.
A.
misunderstoodthedoctor-patientrelationshipB.
wasanxioustoreceiveChristmasgiftsC.
regardedhonestyasthebestpolicyD.
hadanunhealthyeatinghabit52.
Theauthor'sconsultantwasangrywithhimbecause.
A.
hetoldthedaughterwhathesuspected.
B.
hedelayedrunningthenecessarytests.
C.
hefailedtoconfirmtheparent'sdisease.
D.
heforgotwhattheconsultanthadadvised.
53.
Theauthorhunghishead(theunderlinedpartinPara.
4)becausehewasfeeling.
A.
guiltyB.
hurtC.
disappointedD.
helpless54.
WhatlessonhastheauthorlearntfromhisexperienceA.
Learningformparentsisnecessary.
B.
Jumpingtoaconclusionisdangerous.
C.
Tellingthetruthmaynotalwaysbethebestsolution.
D.
Selectingpleasantwordsmaynotbetheperfectpolicy.
【文章大意】作者一直认为诚实是最好的品质,尤其是医生与病人之间,诚实是他们关系牢固的基础.
但是,作者在从医的过程中的一件事改变了他对此的看法——诚实地说出真相并不总是好的解决办法.

51.
【解析】选C.
细节题,从文中第一句honestyisthebestpolicy和第二段的…afterall,thedoctor-patientrelationshipisbasedontrust…可知.
52.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题,由文中倒数第二段consultant的话"youdon'tsaytheword"cancer"untilit'sconfirmed.
Evenifyoususpectit…"可知.
53.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题,从倒数第二段中我把自己猜测的病情在没有确定之前告诉了McMahon'sdaughter,从而"givehermoretoworryabout".
因此他感到有负罪感.
54.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题,从文中最后一段作者指出:当一个人压力很大并担心他们所爱的人时,他们会有选择的听医生的话.
作为医生尤其要注意.
因为他的诚实会使得形势更恶化.
所以由此可推出作者学到的是:诚实地说出真相并不总是好的解决办法.

Passage23(2011安徽卷A)Passage1TheInformationHighwayistheroadthatlinkscomputeruserstoalargenumberofon-lineservices:theWeb,e-mail,andsoftware,tomentionjustafew.
Notlongago,theInformationHighwaywasanewroad,withnotmanyusers.
Now,everyoneseemstowanttotakeadrive,withover30millionfamiliesconnectedworldwide.
Notsurprisingly,thiswell-traveledhighwayisstartingtolooklikeawell-traveledhighway.
Trafficjamscancausemanyseriousproblems,forcingthesystemtoclosedownforrepair.
Naturally,accidentswillhappenonsuchacrowdedroad,andusuallyvictimsaresomefiles,goneforever.
Then,ofcourse,there'sMr.
Cool,withhisnewbroad-bandconnection,whospeedsdownthehighwayfasterthanmostofuscango.
Butdon'ttrickyourself;hepaysforthatspeeding.
Passage2WanttoknowmoreaboutglobalwarmingandhowyoucanhelppreventitDoctorHermanFriedman,whoisconsideredaleadingexpertonthesubject,willspeakatGraysonHallnextFriday.
Friedmanstudiedenvironmentalscienceatthreewell-knownuniversitiesaroundtheworldbeforebecomingaprofessorinthesubject.
Hehasalsotraveledaroundtheworldobservingenvironmentalconcerns.
Thegradualbleaching(变白)oftheGreatBarrierReef,whichcameintothepubliceyein2002,ishislatestinterest.
Signedcopiesofhiscolorfulbook,whichwaspublishedjustlastmonth,willbeonsaleafterhistalk.
56.
TheInformationHighway.
A.
isfreefromtrafficaccidentsB.
iscrowdedwithcardriversC.
offersjustafewon-lineservicesD.
appealstoalargenumberofusers57.
HowdoesMr.
CoolmanagetotraveltheInformationHighwaysofastA.
Bystoringfewerfiles.
B.
Byrepairthesystem.
C.
Bybuyingabettercomputer.
D.
Byusingabroad-bandconnection.
58.
Whatcanbelearnedfrompassage2A.
TherewillbeabookshowatGraysonHall.
B.
FriedmanisnowstudyingtheGreatBarrierReef.
C.
Therewillbeatalkonglobalwarmingthisweek.
D.
Friedmanisaleadingexpertoncomputerscience.
59.
Passage2ismostprobably.
A.
aposteraboutalectureB.
anadforanewbookC.
anotetoadoctorinauniversityD.
anintroductiontoaprofessor【文章大意】本文分两部分,第一篇介绍信息高速公路的情况;第二篇介绍DoctorHermanFriedman的情况.
56.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
由第一篇短文中的Now,everyoneseemstowanttotakeadrive,withover30millionfamiliesconnectedworldwide可知,信息高速公路深受广大用户喜爱,故D项正确.
由Naturally,accidentswillhappenonsuchacrowdedroad,andusuallyvictimsaresomefiles,goneforever.
可知A项错误;由Now,everyoneseemstowanttotakeadrive可知,人人都想使用信息高速公路,B项中的cardrivers概念错误;由alargenumberofon-lineservices:和theWeb,e-mail,andsoftware,tomentionjustafew可知,on-lineservices的内容包含很多,故C项错误.
57.
【解析】选D.
细节理解题.
由第一篇文章中的there'sMr.
Cool,withhisnewbroad-bandconnection,whospeedsdownthehighwayfasterthanmostofuscango可知D项正确.
58.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题.
由第二篇文章中的Thegradualbleaching(变白)oftheGreatBarrierReef…ishislatestinterest可知B项正确.
A项中的abookshow错误;C项中的thisweek错误;D项中的oncomputerscience错误.
59.
【解析】选A.
主旨大意题.
通读第二篇文章可知,全文是围绕着DoctorHermanFriedman在globalwarming方面的talk展开,故A项正确.
Passage24(2011安徽卷C)Theyarethesortoffriendswhoaresoclosetheytrusteachotherwiththeirlives.
Ifonefalls,theotheristheretocatchhim.
TheyareWellman,whoselegswerepermanentlyinjurednineyearsagoinarock-climbingaccident,andCorbett,anexperiencedrockclimber.
Together,theyclimbedupHalfDome,thefamous2,000-footrockintheYosemiteNationalPark,throughoneofthemostdifficultroutes(路线).
Duringtheclimb,Corbetttookthelead,hitinthemetalspikes(尖状物)thatguidedtheropesandclimbedup.
Then,afterWellmanpulledhimselfuptherope,Corbettwentdowntoremovethespikesandclimbedupagain.
Thisprocesswasrepeatedtimeandagain,inchbyinch,for13days.
Wellman'sjobwasnoteasyeither.
Hegothimselfuptheropethroughupperbodystrengthalone.
Inall,Wellmanfiguredthathehaddone5,000pull-upsuptheropeontheclimb.
However,whenthetwomenfirstmet,theynevertalkedaboutclimbing.
"HeknewthatwashowIgotinjured.
"Wellmansaid.
UntilonedayWellmandecidedthathewantedtoclimbagainandtheystartedtraining.
TheirclimbofHalfDomewasnotallsmooth.
Atonepoint,piecesofrockgaveway,andCorbettdroppeddownquickly.
Wellmanlockedtheirropeinplace,stoppingthefallat20feet.
Hisquickactionprobablysavedhisfriend'slife.
"Yourpartnercansaveyourlife—youcansaveyourpartner'slife,"Wellmansaidasthepairreceivedcongratulationsfromfriends.
"Therearerealcloseties.
"64.
WhichofthefollowingwasachallengeforCorbettinclimbingHalfDomeA.
Toclimbuptoremovethespikes.
B.
Toclimbittwice.
C.
Todo5,000pull-upsuptherope.
D.
Tolocktheropeinplace.
65.
WhydidthetwomennevertalkaboutclimbingwhentheyfirstmetA.
Corbettwaspoorlytrained.
B.
Wellmanhadlostinterestinclimbing.
C.
Corbettdidn'twanttohurtWellman.
D.
Wellmanhadn'tdecidedwhethertoclimbagain.
66.
WhatdoweknowaboutWellmanA.
HeclimbedHalfDomebyhimself.
B.
Hewasdisabledinatrafficaccident.
C.
Hestoppedrock-climbingforsometime.
D.
HewassavedbyCorbettduringtheclimb.
67.
Themainideaofthetextisthat.
A.
twoheadsarebetterthanoneB.
friendshipispreciousinlifeC.
thedisabledshouldnevergiveupD.
amancanbedestroyedbutcannotbedefeated【文章大意】在现实生活中,不管作什么事情,人人互助就能克服任何困难,甚至挽救生命.
Wellman和Corbett的经历恰好印证了这个道理.

64.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
根据文章可知,C项和D项是Wellman所为,因此排除.
根据第六段可知,Corbett在攀爬之中掉了下去,是Wellman及时固定住缆绳阻止住他下落,他得再次攀爬上去,对他来说这是个最大的挑战,因此选择B项.

65.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
根据句子whenthetwomenfirstmet,theynevertalkedaboutclimbing.
"HeknewthatwashowIgotinjured.
"Wellmansaid和…Wellman,whoselegswerepermanentlyinjurednineyearsagoinarock-climbingaccident可知,他们没有谈论攀岩是因为Corbett不想伤害Wellman这个残疾人的自尊.
A、B、D项没有提及.

66.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
根据第五段可知,Wellman过了一段时间才决定再次攀岩,于是他们二人共同训练,因此C项正确.
A项课文中没有提及;B项错在inatrafficaccident,应为inarock-climbingaccident;D项错误,应为Wellman挽救了Corbett的生命.
67.
【解析】选B.
主旨大意题.
通读全文可知,Wellman和Corbett通过在攀岩活动中互相帮助,战胜困难,甚至挽救生命的事迹,歌颂了友谊之珍贵,文末的Therearerealcloseties也能说明B项正确.
A项意为"一人不敌二人计".
Passage25(2011安徽卷E)GeorgeProchnikwouldliketheworldtoputasockinit.
Hemakeshiscaseinanewbook,ListeningforMeaninginaWorldofNoise.
Hereheexplainshimself(usinghisindoorvoice):"We'vebecomesoaccustomedtonoise,there'salmostadeepprejudiceagainsttheideathatsilencemightbebeneficial.
Ifyoutellsomeonetobequiet,yousoundlikeanoldman.
Butit'sneverbeenmoreimportanttofindcontinuingquiet.
Silencefocusesus,improvesourhealth,andisakeytolastingpeaceandsatisfaction.
""Weneedtoexcitepeopleaboutthesoundsyoustarttohearifyoumerelyquietthingsdownalittle.
DuringaJapaneseteaceremony,thesmallestsoundsbecomeakindofart—thespoonsmakingalightringingsoundonabowl,theedgesofakimono(和服)brushingagainstthefloor.
""Deafpeopleareveryattentive(专注的)inalmosteveryaspectoflife.
Iftwodeafpeoplearewalkingtogether,usingsignlanguage,theyconstantlywatchoutforeachotherandprotecteachotherbypayingsteadyattentiontotheother.
Theyareconnectedyetalsofullyawareoftheirsurroundings.
Evendeafteenagers!
Weinthehearingworldcanlearnfromthem.
Ifweremovethepowerfulblasts(一阵阵)ofnoise,webecomeawareofanextraordinarilyrichworldaroundus—oflittlesoftsoundsandthesoundoffootsteps,ofbirdsongsandicecracking(开裂声).
It'sastonishinghowbeautifulthingssoundwhenyoucanreallylisten.
"72.
Whatdoesthephrase"toputasockinit"inParagraph1probablymeanA.
tobequietB.
tobecolorfulC.
tobefullofloveD.
tobeattentivetosomeone73.
WhatdoesProchniksayaboutusA.
Weareusedtoquietness.
B.
Wehavetoputupwithnoise.
C.
Wedonotthinksilencetobebeneficial.
D.
Wedonotbelievelastingpeacetobeavailable.
74.
WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoProchnikA.
Weneedmoresoundsinourlives.
B.
Thereisnothingtobelearnedfromthedeaf.
C.
Wearenotawarehowrichtheworldaroundusis.
D.
ThereistoomuchnoiseataJapaneseteaceremony.
75.
Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.
A.
wecanbenefitalotfromoldpeopleB.
itisagoodideatousesignlanguageC.
thereisnoescapefromtheworldofsoundD.
itispossibletofindhowbeautifulthingssound【文章大意】文章介绍了GeorgeProchnik的新著ListeningforMeaninginaWorldofNoise和他的观点:在喧嚣的世界中创造一方不太纷扰的环境,这个世界会更美好.

72.
【解析】选A.
词义理解题.
根据第二段作者的观点Silencefocusesus,improvesourhealth,andisakeytolastingpeaceandsatisfaction.
可知,作者是推崇的silence,故选A项.
73.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
根据第二段We'vebecomesoaccustomedtonoise,there'salmostadeepprejudiceagainsttheideathatsilencemightbebeneficial和it'sneverbeenmoreimportanttofindcontinuingquiet及第三段DuringaJapaneseteaceremony,thesmallestsoundsbecomeakindofart等句可以判断得出,我们生活在一个喧闹的世界,寂静才是我们的追求,故选择C项.

74.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
根据文章末段Ifweremovethepowerfulblasts(一阵阵)ofnoise,webecomeawareofanextraordinarilyrichworldaroundus.
.
.
.
It'sastonishinghowbeautifulthingssoundwhenyoucanreallylisten.
可知C项正确.
A项和作者的观点相反;根据Weinthehearingworldcanlearnfromthem(deafpeople)可知B项错误;根据DuringaJapaneseteaceremony,thesmallestsoundsbecomeakindofart可知作者赞赏thesmallestsounds,故D项错误.
75.
【解析】选D.
推理判断题.
通读全文可知,尽管我们生活在一个喧闹的世界,作者提倡我们创造一个不太纷扰的环境,果真如此,这个世界是很美好的,据此D项正确.

Passage26(2011福建卷A)Drivingacarisnotjusthandlingcontrolsandjudgingspeedanddistance.
Itrequiresyoutopredictwhatotherroaduserswilldoandgetreadytoreacttosomethingunexpected.
Whenalcoholisconsumed,itentersyourbloodstreamandactsasadepressant(抑制药),damagingeyesight,judgementandco-ordination(协调),slowingdownreactiontimeandgreatlyincreasingtheriskofaccidents.
Evenbelowthedrinkdrivinglimit,drivingwillbeaffected.
Alcoholmaytakeafewminutestobeabsorbedintothebloodstreamandstartactiononthebrain.
Absorptionrateisincreasedwhendrinkingonanemptystomachorwhenconsumingdrinksmixedwithfruitjuice.
Togetridofalcoholfromthebodyisaveryslowprocessanditisnotpossibletospeeditupwithanymeasuresliketakingashowerorhavingacupofteaorcoffee.
ThepresentRoadTrafficOrdinancestatesclearlythatthelimitofalcoholconcentrationis:50milligramsofalcoholper100mlofblood;or22microgramsofalcoholper100mlofbreath;or67milligramsofalcoholper100mlofurine(尿液)Driverswhocausetrafficaccidents,orwhocommitamovingtrafficoffenceorarebeingsuspectedofdrinkdrivingwillbetested.
Anydriverfounddrinkingbeyondthelimitwillbecharged.
ThedriverdeclaredguiltymaybefinedamaximumofHK$25,000andbesentencedtoupto3yearsinprisonandpunishedfor10driving-offencepoints;ortemporarilybannedfromdriving.
Thesamepunishmentappliestofailingtoprovidespecimens(样本)forbreath,bloodorurinetestswithoutgoodexcuse.
Drinkdrivingisacriminaloffence.
Bearesponsibledriver,thinkbeforeyoudrink.
Forthesafetyofyourselfandotherroadusers,neverdriveafterconsumingalcohol.
56.
Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout_A.
theintroductionofdrivingskillsB.
thedamageofdrinkingtoyourbodyC.
theeffectofdrinkingondrivingD.
theprocessofalcoholbeingabsorbed57.
Theunderlinedword"it"inthesecondparagraphreferstoA.
alcoholB.
absorptionC.
bloodD.
process58.
WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageA.
Drinkingbelowthedrinkdrivinglimithasnoeffectondriving.
B.
Alcoholistakeninmorequicklywhendrunkwithfruitjuice.
C.
Havingacupofteahelpstogetridofalcoholfromthebody.
D.
50milligramsofalcoholper100mlofbreathisbelowthedrinklimit59.
Adrivesuspectedofdrinkdriving_A.
shouldprovidespecimensfortestingB.
willbeforbiddentodrivefor3yearsC.
willbepunishedfor10driving-offencepointsD.
shouldpayamaximumfineofHK$25,000【文章大意】本文主要讲了醉酒驾驶的危害、标准和处罚条例,最后指出醉酒驾驶是犯罪行为,呼吁大家为自己,也为别人着想,千万不要醉酒驾驶.

56.
【解析】选C.
主旨大意题.
第一段主要讲了喝酒对驾驶所产生的影响,如:损害了视力、判断力和协调性,反应速度减慢,大大增加了事故的风险等.

57.
【解析】选D.
猜测词义题.
第二段最后一句句意为:从身体里除去酒精是一个非常慢的过程,用一些像淋浴或者喝茶或者喝咖啡的方法不可能使得这个过程加速.
因此句中it指代的是前半句所提到的process(过程).
alcohol酒精;absorption吸收;blood血.
58.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由第二段"Absorptionrateisincreasedwhendrinkingonanemptystomachorwhenconsumingdrinksmixedwithfruitjuice.
"可知空腹或混着果汁喝酒,酒精吸收更快.
故B项是正确的.
根据常识可知A项不正确;根据第二段最后一句可知C项不正确;根据第三段道路交通条例的规定的第二条可知D项不正确.
59.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
被怀疑醉酒驾驶的司机应该积极配合,提供检测样本,否则将会被罚款高达HK$25,000并且坐牢三年,还要在(驾驶执照上)记录违章事项中扣除10分.
要注意本题选项中的suspect是"怀疑",而不是第五段中的guilty"有罪的",故B、C和、D都不合题意.

环境保护类Passage1(2011广东卷D)Inaworldwithlimitedland,waterandothernaturalresources(资源),theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.
Actually,thepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.
Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(可持续的)ways.
Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.
Inotherwords,weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.
Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries.
Accordingtoarecentstudy,theglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecade.
China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.
Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.
Inaddition,wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil(棕榈油),whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.
Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.
Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.
First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions(排放)andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.
Besides,strongermanagementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.
Finally,governmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirection,andredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromtraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.
Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.
Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.
41.
ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.
A.
ItmakestheworldwarmerB.
itconsumesnaturalresourcesC.
itbringsseveredamagetoforestsD.
itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue42.
WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2A.
Chinalackswindandsolarenergy.
B.
Chinaistheleaderofthelow-carbonmarket.
C.
High-speedtrainsarealow-carbondevelopment.
D.
Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests.
43.
Tofullydevelopthelow-carbonmarkets,governmentcan______.
A.
cutpublicexpensesB.
forbidcarbonemissionC.
developpublicresourcesD.
encourageenergyconservation44.
Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesseshavemanychancesto______.
A.
developsustainableproductsB.
explorenewnaturalresourcesC.
makefulluseofnaturalresourcesD.
dealwiththemajorchallenge45.
WhatisthemainpurposeofthepassageA.
Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.
B.
Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.
C.
Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.
D.
Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.
【文章大意】人类传统的产业发展模式对地球的环境造成了严重的危害,森林减少、全球变暖等环境问题愈发严重.
人类目前既面临着巨大的挑战,更把握着无尽的发展机遇.
本篇文章便为我们介绍了可持续发展的产业模式并为阐述了政府如何开拓低碳市场的发展计划.

41.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
通读第一段我们可以可以了解到传统产业模式(traditionalbusinessmodel)的发展危害包括森林数量的减少、全球气候变暖并且不利于可持续发展,囊括了选项A.
C、D内容,选项B的内容(传统发展模式消耗自然资源)不属于其危害,因而选择B.
42.
【解析】选C.
推理判断题.
从China,forexample,…whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.
可以看出,中国使用风能和太阳能是为了节能减排,并不是缺乏,排除A选项;hassetitsmindon及hoping暗示出中国要在节能减排方面领先,并不是已经走在了前面,排除B;从…whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest一句看出D项错误;andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains暗示出C选项正确.
43.
【解析】选D.
第三段详尽列举了政府加快低碳市场发展的措施,其中包括①设定较高的碳排放减排目标与节能目标;②加强公共自然资源筹划;③减少错误方案所带来的巨额公共开支.
由此可以看出选项A、B、C观点单一,选项D具有概括性.
44.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
通过最后一段末句"Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries"可以知道答案选择A.
45.
【解析】选D.
作者意图题.
全文主体的重点是呼吁人类建立一种可持续发展的产业模式,实现可持续发展,而并非简单地介绍一种产业模式或比较两种产业模式的差异,更不是预测全球市场的改变,因而排除选项A、B、C.
D选项D中"advocate"意为"提倡、主张".

Passage2(2011重庆卷E)Skepticsareastrangelot.
Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenvironment,andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.
Thosepeople,sayskeptics,spreadnotingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.
The"eco-guilt"broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.
PerhapsthatexplainswhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.
Thatbook.
TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe"realstateoftheworld"asfine.
Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketsofsomebigbusinesseswithspecialinterests.
Indeed,Mr.
Lomborg'sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeIndustry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthroughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.
SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.
Lomborg'sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions.
OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththeconclusionthat"AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown.
"Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.
ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.
ThereviewremarkedthatMr.
Lomborg's"preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible(不可信的)".
Acritical(批判的)eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.
Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendsomespecialinterests.
Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.
That'sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.
72.
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayberegardedas"skeptics"A.
Peoplewhoagreeonthepopularityof"eco-guilt".
B.
Peoplewhodisbelievetheserioussituationofourplanet.
C.
Peoplewhodisliketheharmfuleffectofhumanactivities.
D.
Peoplewhospreadcomfortingnewstoprotectourenvironment.
73.
WhichofthefollowingcanbeareasonforthepopularityofLomborg'sbookA.
Somebigbusinessesintendtoprotecttheirowninterests.
B.
Thebookchallengesviewsaboutthefinestateoftheworld.
C.
Theauthorconvincespeopletoseekcomfortingworldviews.
D.
Industry–fundedmediapresentconfusinginformation.
74.
TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto____.
A.
voiceadifferentopinionB.
findfaultwithLomborg'sbookC.
challengetheauthorityofthemediaD.
pointoutthevalueofscientificviews.
75.
Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassageA.
Toencouragetheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.
B.
Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf–blindnesswithreviews.
C.
Toblamethemedia'slackofresponsibilityinpresentinginformation.
D.
Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.
【文章大意】本文为议论文,讲述了由于利益因素出现了一种与社会主流不一致的对地球环境状况看法.

72.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由第一段第一句Skepticsarestrangelot.
Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenvironment可知选B.
73.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
由第二段Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketsofsomebigbusinesseswithspecialintererts.
Indeed可知,商家为了自己的利益而不愿承认人类活动对环境造成的危害,故选A.

74.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
由倒数第二段Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.
ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.
可知A项正确.
75.
【解析】选D.
主旨大意题.
文章讲述了媒体不应该只报道片面之词,而应该进行全面报道,故选D.

Passage3(2011湖北卷C)Intoday'sthrow-awaysociety,dealingwiththecity'sgrowingmountainofwasteisanincreasingchallengeforthecitycouncil(市议会).
Recently.
Edinburghisfacedwiththeproblemofdisposingof(处理)about250,000milliontonsofwasteayear.
Despitedifferentwaystodisposeofmuchofitinagreenmanner---largelythroughencouragingrecycling---itsagingfacilitiessuchasthePowderhalllandfilldonothavetheabilitytodealwithit.
TheEuropeanUnion(EU)hasissuedanewpolicy,regulatinghowsuchmountainsofwastearetobedisposedof.
Thefivecouncils(Edinburgh.
EastLothian.
WestLothian.
MidlothianandBorders)facefinesaround￡18millionayearfrom2013iftheydon'tincreaserecyclinglevelsandrelylessonlandfill.
Withthisinmind,thecouncilsgottogetherwiththeideaofbuildingalargeincineratorplant(垃圾焚烧厂)toburnhalfofthewasteproducedintheirdistricts.
ButthisplanfellapartafterthechangeoftargetlevelsbyanewUKgovernmentwastepolicywhichrequiredthatnomorethan25%ofthecity'swasteshouldbedisposedofinthiswayby2025.
Aftertheplanwasabandoned,aprivatecompanywhichalreadytransportedmillionsoftonsofthecity'swastebytraintoalandfillsitenearDunbar,offeredanalternativesolutionwhenitsuggestedopeningahugewastesitenearPortobello.
SincePowderhallissupposedtoclosein2015,itseemednecessaryforthemembersoftheEdinburghCounciltoacceptthesuggestion.
Butsoontheyturneditdown—after700localobjectionsreachedthem—becauseitwouldhavemeanthundredsoflorriesadaymakingloudnoisethroughheavilypopulatedareas.
Thatstillleavesthecouncilwithaproblem.
By2013,only50%of1995levelsofwastewillbeallowedtobesenttolandfill.
Evenifrecyclingtargetsaremet,therewillstillbealargeamountofrubbishtobeburntup.
DuetothisEdinburghandMidlothiancouncilshavenowdecidedtoworktogethertobuildanincineratorplantastimetofindasolutionisfastrunningout.
59.
ThemainwayofhandlingwasteinagreenmannerinEdinburghis.
A.
recyclingB.
restoringC.
buryingD.
burning60.
Thefivecouncilsworkedoutaplantobuildanincineratorplantto.
A.
reducethecostofburyingwasteB.
meetstheEUrequirementsC.
speedupwasterecyclingD.
replacelandfillsites61.
ThecitycouncilofEdinburghrejectedthesuggestiontoopenahugelandfillsitenearPortobellobecause.
A.
itcamefromaprivatecompanyB.
thecouncilwasnotinterestedinitC.
itwasnotsupportedbyEUD.
thelocalpeoplewereagainstit62.
WhatisthefinaldecisionofanEdinburghandMidlothiancouncilA.
Toopenanewlandfillnearby.
B.
ToclosethePowderhalllandfillin2015.
C.
Tosetupaplantforburningwaste.
D.
Topersuadepeopletoreducetheirwaste.
【文章大意】如何处理日益增多的垃圾,摆在了爱丁堡议会的面前.
在提出新建垃圾焚烧厂、运送垃圾到其它处理点等措施因各种原因被否后,爱丁堡议会如何去面对挑战……59.
【解析】选A.
细节题,由文中第二段…largelythroughencouragingrecycling…可知.
60.
【解析】选选B.
细节题,由文中第三段TheEuropeanUnionhasissuedanewpolicy,regulatinghowsuchmountainsofwastearetobedisposedof.
Thefivecouncilsfacefines…可知.
61.
【解析】选D.
细节题,倒数第二段…after700localobjectionsreachedthem—becauseitwouldhavemeanthundredsoflorriesadaymakingloudnoise…可知.
62.
【解析】选C.
细节题,由文中最后一句话EdinburghandMidlothiancountriesnowdecidedtoworktogethertobuildanincineratorplant…可知.
文学艺术类Passage1(2011山东卷A)ArthurMiller(1915-2005)isuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury.
Miller'sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustria-Hungary,drawnlikesomanyothersbythe"GreatAmericanDream.
"However,heexperiencedseverefinancialhardshipwhenhisfamilybusinesswasruinedintheGreatDepressionoftheearlyl930s.
Miller'smostfamousplay,DeathofaSalesman,isapowerfulattackontheAmericansystem,withitsaggressivewayofdoingbusinessanditsinsistenceonmoneyandsocialstatusasindicatorsofworth.
InWillyLoman,theherooftheplay,weseeamanwhohasgotintotroublewiththissystem.
Willyis"burntout"andinthecruelworldofbusinessthereisnoroomforsentiment:ifhecan'tdothework,thenheisnogoodtohisemployer,theWagnerCompany,andhemustgo.
Willyispainfullyawareofthis,andatalossastowhattodowithhislackofsuccess.
Herefusestofacethefactthathehasfailedandkillshimselfintheend.
Whenitwasfirststagedin1949,theplaywasgreetedwithenthusiasticreviews,anditwontheTonyAwardforBestPlay,theNewYorkDramaCritics`CircleAward,andthePulitzerPrizeforDrama.
Itwasthefirstplaytowinallthreeofthesemajorawards.
MillerdiedofheartfailureathishomeinRoxbury,Connecticut,ontheeveningofFebruary10,2005,the56thanniversaryofthefirstperformanceofDeathofaSalesmanonBroadway.
56.
WhydidArthurMiller'sfathermovetotheUSAA.
Hesufferedfromseverehungerinhishomecountry.
B.
Hewasattractedbythe"GreatAmericanDream".
C.
Hehopedtomakehissonadramatist.
D.
Hisfamilybusinessfailed.
57.
TheplayDeathofaSalesmanA.
exposesthecrueltyoftheAmericanbusinessworldB.
discussesthewaystogetpromotedinacompanyC.
talksaboutthebusinesscareerofArthurMillerD.
focusesontheskillsindoingbusiness58.
WhatcanwelearnaboutWillyLomanA.
Hetreatshisemployerbadly.
B.
HerunstheWagnerCompany.
C.
HeisavictimoftheAmericansystem.
D.
Heisregardedasaherobyhiscolleagues.
59.
Afteritwasfirststaged,DeathofaSalesmanA.
achievedhugesuccessB.
wonthefirstTonyAwardC.
waswarmlywelcomedbysalesmenD.
wasseverelyattackedbydramatists60.
WhatisthetextmainlyaboutA.
ArthurMillerandhisfamily.
B.
TheawardsArthurMillerwon.
C.
ThehardshipArthurMillerexperienced.
D.
ArthurMillerandhisbest-knownplay.
【文章大意】本文为记叙文,介绍了美国著名的剧作家阿瑟·米勒的生平及由他创作的《推销员之死》在美国戏剧界所取得的巨大成功.

56.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
从文章第一段中的Miller'sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustria-Hungary,drawnlikesomanyothersbythe"GreatAmericanDream.
"可知,和其他许多人一样,是美国梦吸引米勒的父亲到美国.
57.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
从第二段的…apowerfulattackontheAmericansystem,withitsaggressivewayofdoingbusinessanditsinsistenceonmoneyandsocialstatusasindicatorsofworth可知,米勒所写的这部戏剧抨击了美国社会制度,那种掠夺式的商业模式,那种对金钱的贪欲,以及那种以人的社会地位作为成功标志的价值观,这部戏剧在教育人审视了美国国民的价值观,重新审视所谓"美国梦"的价值.

58.
【解析】选C.
判断推理题.
从第二段对《销售员之死》这部戏剧的简要描述中可知,主人公威利·洛曼一生耗尽,对公司没有用了,他只能走人,最后不能接受失败的事实而自杀,而一切都是美国社会制度造成的恶果,故他是这个制度的牺牲品.

59.
【解析】选A.
推理判断题.
从文章第三段可知,《销售员之死》在首度公演之后,受到了人们的热情的好评,也同时获得美国三个著名的文学奖项,由此它获得了巨大的成功.

60.
【解析】选D.
主旨大意题.
本文的第一段和最后一段介绍米勒的生平,而二、三段介绍了他的戏剧《销售员之死》以及这部戏剧所取得的巨大成功,故D项正确.

Passage2(2011湖北卷D)Feelingblueabouttheworld"Cheerup.
"SayssciencewriterMattRidley.
"Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.
"Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe'scarefullyweighedtheevidence;optimistic,becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.
Andthisiswhathe'ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbook.
TheRationalOptimist.
Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat,onthewhole,hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.
Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.
Here'showheexplainshisviews.
1)ShoppingfuelsinventionItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.
Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty.
ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,bettercars,and,ofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.
Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings,Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe'llbe.
2)BrilliantadvancesOnereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-livedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds-food,clothing,fuelandshelter-havegrownalotcheaper.
Takeoneexample.
In1800acandleprovidingonehour'slightcostsixhours'work.
Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor.
In1950itwaseightseconds.
Todayit'shalfsecond.
3)Let'snotkillourselvesforclimatechangeMitigating(减轻)climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.
Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossil-fuel(化石燃料)electricityisforbiddenbywell-meaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.
Ifclimatechangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanose-bleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血带)aroundournecks.
63.
WhatisthethemeofRidley'smostrecentbookA.
Weaknessofhumannature.
B.
Concernaboutclimatechange.
C.
Importanceofpracticalthinking.
D.
Optimismabouthumanprogress.
64.
HowdoesRidleylookatshoppingA.
Itencouragesthecreationofthings.
B.
Itresultsinshortageofgoods.
C.
Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.
D.
Itcausesapovertyproblem.
65.
Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat.
A.
oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandlesB.
shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife.
C.
advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles.
D.
increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods.
66.
WhatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimplyA.
Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.
B.
Overreactiontoclimatechangemaybedangerous.
C.
People'shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.
D.
Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.
【文章大意】马特里德利认为地球是最好的居住地,对于人类和自然它会变得越来越好.
人类的进步是美好的、不可避免的.
他的新书《理性的乐天派》解释了他的观点.

63.
【解析】选D.
细节题,由文中的第二段…evidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.
Andthisiswhathe'ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbook…可知.
64.
【解析】选A.
细节题,由文中第三段Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstmakeotherthings.
Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetterofwe'llbe.
可知.
65.
【解析】选D.
选推理判断,作者用蜡烛和油灯在不同时期的价格来解释生产的商品越多,价格越便宜.

66.
【解析】选B.
推理判断题,最后一段中,通过举例:在一个绿色环保运动禁止使用化石燃料发的电的村庄里,一个死于室内的烟雾与死于因气候变化发生洪水中的孩子的对比,和治疗出鼻血却将止血带缠在脖子上的例子都旨在说明:不要因气候变化就自杀,不要对其反应过度.
故选B.

Passage3(2011福建卷B)Forfivedays,Edmonton'sDowntownParkistransformedintoonehugestagewhereartistsareabletosharetheirtalents,andwherepeopleareabletocelebrateandenjoythemselves.
Sinceitsbeginningin1980,theEdmontonFolkMusicFestivalhasbeencommemorating(纪念)thetruefeelingofwhatfolkmusicisallaboutandthat'sthetraditionaltogetherness(友爱)thatisfeltwhenpeoplegathertosharestoriesandfeelingsthroughsong.
ThisyearwillbethesixthyearwhenvolunteerRiedelwillbeofferinguphertimetothefestival.
"Peoplecomingoffabusyspringandsummerhaveamomentofrelaxation,"Riedelsaid.
"It'sreallyeasytorelax,andit'sgreatseeingfamilyandfriendshavefuntogether.
"Thesefamiliesandfriendscomefromalldifferentkindsofmusicaltastes.
PeoplewhotakepleasureinBluesarethere,soarepeoplewholoveBluegrass.
Thisfestivaldoesitsbesttodevelopeveryone'smusicalinterests.
Withsomanyyearsofexperience.
thefestivalhasbecomeawell-oiledmachine,anddoeswhateveritcantomakeattendeesfeelascomfortableaspossible.
Therearefreewaterstationsthroughoutthevenue(举办地)forpeopletofilluptheirtravelcups.
Whenpeoplebuyfood,reusabledishesaregivena$2platefee,butthatisreturnedwhentheplateisbroughtback.
Thefestivalhascompletelysoldoutoftickets,andinrecordtime.
ButwithbignamessuchasVanMorrisonandJakobDylan,it'seasytoseehowthatwasgoingtohappen.
Thereisnoparkingareaduringthefestival,sousingthePark&RidesystemorEdmontonTransitishighlyrecommended.
Abikelock-upareaisprovidedandwillbeavailableThursdayuntilSundayonehourbeforethegatesopenuntil45minutesafterthegatesclose.
TheEdmontonFolkMusicFestivalbeginsonWednesday,Aug.
4withVanMorrisonplayingthespecialdonationfund(基金)concert,andwillfinishuponSunday,Aug.
8.
60.
TheEdmontonFolkMusicFestivalisheldmainlytoA.
gatherpeoplewithdifferentmusicaltastesB.
remindpeopleoftherealsenseoffolkmusicC.
exhibitthegoodvoicesofgreattalentsinfolkmusicD.
collectoldstoriesoffolkmusic61.
WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageA.
Riedelhasvolunteeredforthefestivalforatleast5years.
B.
It'shardforpeopletoappreciateBlues.
C.
Itcostspeoplealittletofilluptheircupsfromwaterstations.
D.
Peoplehavetopay$2foraplateoffood.
62.
Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat____.
A.
peoplecangetticketseasilyforthefestivalB.
theEdmontonFolkMusicFestivaliswellorganized.
C.
drivingone'sowncartothefestivalishighlyrecommendedD.
bikesareavailableatthefestivalfromWednesdaytoSunday63.
WhatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassageA.
FolkMusicofBluesB.
OneFestivalforAllC.
FestivalforFamilyGatheringD.
Edmonton'sDowntownPark【文章大意】本文主要讲了举行埃德蒙顿民间音乐节的目的、意义,参赛者和举行时的一些事项.

60.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
由第一段第二句可知埃德蒙顿民间音乐节被举行的目的是纪念民间音乐的真正意义之所在,那也是当人们聚在一起通过歌曲分享故事和情感时的传统关爱的体现.
故答案为B.
61.
【解析】选A.
细节理解题.
根据第二段第一句可知今年将是Riedel第六次自愿贡献时间参加音乐节,由此可推断他至少已自愿参加了五次,因此A项表述是正确的.
由第二段倒数第二句可知人们可以欣赏到布鲁斯,故B项表述是错误的;由第三段倒数第二句可知水站的水是免费的,故C项表述也错误;从第三段最后一句可知当人们买食物时,可重复使用的盘子要付2美元,但当返回盘子时2美元也将退回,因此D项表述也是不正确的.
62.
【解析】选B.
细节理解题.
纵观整篇文章可知埃德蒙顿民间音乐节是被高度推荐的.
由倒数第二段可知票已被卖光了,音乐节期间没有停车场,自行车放置区从星期四到星期天都可用,故A、C和D项都不正确.
63.
【解析】选B.
主旨大意题.
本文主要讲了埃德蒙顿民间音乐节,它是一个能够让所有人聚在一起通过歌曲讲述故事分享感情,体现关爱的节日,故B项是最佳题目.
A、C和D都只是文中的一个细节,不能作为最佳题目.