可知上海金山初级中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析

上海金山初级中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析

一、 中考英语阅读理解汇编

1 阅读理解

My fami ly has had a great influence on me.When I wasa kid, I learnt how towork from myfami ly.My mum would never let me getawaywhentherewas somethingto bedone. I learnttheimportance of education.My parents would give me 50 dol lars if I got As in school .Theytaughtme how to use and save money.My mum taught me howtocook, how toclean, and basical lyeverything I needed to know to l ive on my own.My dad taught me how to garden, how to dohome improvement, how totreat women and girlswith respect, and how to put other people'sneeds above my own.My brothers and sisters taught me how to make a decision in confl ict 矛盾 . I 'm 22now, and I ' l l get married next year. I learn things from my parents'marriage byexamples. For example, I 've neverseen my parents real ly fight.They had disagreements,but theywerealwaysincontroland never letangergetthe bestof them. I thinkthat'sgreat,and I 'mgoingtoworktowardsthat in my marriage.

I have a greatfami ly. I 'mgratefulthat myparentschoseto make it a greatfami ly.

1Whotaughtthewritertodo some housework?

A.The mother.B.The father.C.The sisters.D.The brothers.2Whenwi l lthe writerhavea newfami ly?

A.At the age of 22.B.At the age of 24.C.At the age of 23.D.At the age of 21.3Which of thefol lowing isNOTtrue?

A.Thewriter'sfami ly influencethewritera lot.

B.Thewriter learnstosave money.

C.Thewriter isagirl inthefami ly.

D.Thewriter'sparentsneverfightwitheachother.

4 Howwi l lthe writer'snewfami ly beaccordingtothe passage?

A. Itwi l l bea largefami ly.B. Itwi l l beagreatfami ly.

C.Thefami ly memberswi l l bedifferent.D.Thefami lymemberswi l l nevergetangry.【答案】 1 A

2 C

3 C

4 B

【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了作者的家庭对作者有很大的影响。

1推理题。根据My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basical lyeverything I needed to knowto l ive on my own.我妈妈教我如何做饭如何打扫卫生 以及基本上我需要知道的独立生活所需的一切可知 作者的妈妈教他做家务 故选A。2推理题。根据I'm 22now, and I' l l get married next year可知 作者23岁时会有一个新家庭 故选C。

3推理题。根据My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement,how to treat women and girls with respect,我爸爸教我如何园艺如何改善家庭如何尊重妇女和女孩可知作者是男孩作者是家里的一个女孩是错的故选C。

4细节题。根据I have a great fami ly. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it agreat fami ly.我有一个大家庭。我很感激我的父母选择让它成为一个伟大的家庭可知 作者的新家庭会是一个伟大的家庭故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题细节题要注意从文中寻找答案推断题需要联系上下文推断出需要的信息。

2 阅读理解

It'simportanttolearnabout protectingour environment.Here isa 5R rulefor us:

Reduce

If youwanttoreducewaste,youshould usethingswisely 明智地 .Alarger numberof treesare cut down to make paper. If everyone uses paper carelessly, soon we wi l l not have any treesleft.Otherthings arealso being wasted, and people don't knowwhattodowiththe waste in bigcities.Soit isnecessaryto usethingswisely.

Reuse

You should alwaysthinkof reusing the usable things beforethrowingthem away. Forexample,you can give your clothes you do not wear any more tothe poor. In a fami ly,you may pass onsuch clothestoyounger brothersor sisters.

Recycle

Bottles, cans and paper can easi ly be recycled. By recycl ing them we save lots of time andmoney. For example,Coke cans are sent to a factory,wherethey are smashed flat 压平 andmelted 融化 andthe metalthings are madefornew Cokecans.

Recover 恢复

When you buy a box of apples, there may be a few rotten 腐烂的 apples,you have twochoices 选择 :One istothrow thewhole applesaway,oryou cancut off the rotten parts andkeepthe good parts. Inthe way,you are recovering the eatable 能吃的 partsof food.Repair

If one of the legsof yourtable is broken,you can repair it. If youwanttochangefor betterones,it is better for you to sel l the old things or give them to other people who can use them afterdoing some repair.

1 The"reduce" rule mainlywantsus .

A. to usethingswisely

B. tocut down manytrees

C. to use a lot of pa per

D. tothrowawayyouroldthings

2What'sthe right order of recycl ing Coke cans?a. col lectthe usedcansb.meltthemc. smashthem flatd. sendthemtoa factory

A. a,b, c,dB.a,d, c,bC.d,b, c,aD. c, a,b,d3 The"recover" rule mainlywants us .

A. tothrowwastethingsaway

B. tocoverwaste thingswith earth

C. toget backthe useful parts

D. tothrowthewholethingsaway

4Which isthe bestwaytodowithyour brokentables?

A.Throwingthemaway.B.Repairingthem.C.Sel l ingthem.D. Puttingthemaway.5 Thearticle iswrittentoremind 提醒 usof .

A.planting moretrees

B.protectingthe animals

C. keeping ourselves healthy

D.protecting the environment

【答案】 1 A

2 B

3 C

4 B

5 D

【解析】 【分析】文章大意作者主要给我们介绍了五条保护环境的守则号召人们保护环境。

1细节理解题。根据If you want to reduce waste you should use things wisely可知如果你想减少浪费你应该明智地使用东西故选A。

2细节理解题。根据Bottles cansand papercan easi lybe recycled。 Byrecycl ingthemwesave lots of time and money. For example Coke cans are sent to a factory where they aresmashed flat 压平 and melted 融化 and the metal things are made for new Coke cans.可知回收可乐罐的顺序应该是收集-送到工厂-压平-融化故选B。

3细节理解题。根据one isto throw the whole apples away or you can cut off the rottenparts and keep the good parts可知"recover"主要是要我们找回有用的部分故选C。4细节理解题。根据If one of the legs of your table is broken you can repair it可知如果桌子坏了最好是修一修故选B。

5理解推断题。根据It's important to learn about protecting our environment。 Here is a5R ruleforus可知本文作者的目的是提醒人们保护环境故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题首先仔细阅读文后的问题弄清问题的大意然后带着问题阅读短文抓住关键信息选择正确答案。

3 阅读理解

The other day, I got intoa caraccident,which wasclearly not myfault.Theother driver was sobusyon his phonethat hewent rightthrougha red l ightand hit mycar.

A traffic pol icemanarrived and startedtaking statements. I explainedthat my speedwasabout55 km/h. "Soyou weregoingabout50 km/h,my lady?" heasked. "No, I said I wasgoingabout55km,/h," I said. "Right, soyouwere driving ata speed of about 50 km/h?" heaskedagain.I wasa l ittleannoyed because I felt hewasn't l isteningto mecareful ly.So I shouted, "No! I was

going about 55 km/h."

"OK, if that'sthewayyou want it," theofficer simply repl ied.Because thecity speed l imit is 50km/h, I only got paid from my insurance 保险 company for the damage to my car, but theotherdriver's insurancecompanycouldn'tpay medueto myspeed. I didn't real izeitatthetime,but itturned out I wasgetting himwrong.

He didn't mention the 5 km/h, but he certainly knew something about the rules of theinsurance.Suddenly, I real izedthatthetrafficpol iceman hadbeen tryingtohelpme out.1 The best expressionto explainthe main idea of the passage is.

A. the moreslowly, the better

B. a carelesswoman driver

C. a traffic pol icemantriedto offerhelp

D. nol iestoanybody else

2Whathappenedtothewriterthatday?

A.Shewent rightthrougha red l ight.

B.Atraffic pol icemancame neartostop her.

C.She madea cal lwhi le shewasdriving.

D.Hercarwas hit byanothercar.

3Whycouldn'ttheother driver's insurancecompany paythewriter?

A.Becausethetraffic pol iceman had recordedthewrongspeed

B.Because she drovethe caroverthe speed l imit.

C.Becausetheotherdriver didn'tadmittothecaraccident.

D.Becausetheaccidentwasthewriter'sfault.

4 Although itwasherchoicetoinsistontel l ingthetruth, thewriter______.

A. understoodthat itwasimpol itetobeangrywithothers

B.would not bel ieve anybodyelse except herself

C. rememberedthe exact rulesof insuranceforever

D. should say"thankyou" tothetraffic pol iceman insteadof acting rudely

【答案】 1 C

2 D

3 B

4 D

【解析】 【分析】文章大意讲述了“我”曾经发生的一起交通事故事故中由于“我”超速没有得到全额赔偿我后悔当时没有理解交警的用意并且对他有些粗鲁。

1主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“Suddenly, I real ized thatthe traffic pol iceman hadbeentryingto help meout.”可知我意识到交警是在试图帮助我故选C。

2细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The other driverwas so busyon his phone that hewent rightthrougha red l ightand hit mycar.”可知作者的车被另一辆车撞了故选D。3细节理解题。根据文中语句“Because the city speed l imit is 50 km/h. . . but the otherdriver's insurance company couldn’t pay me due to my speed.”以及上文“I explained that myspeed was about 55 km/h.”可知 因为作者超速另一个司机的保险公司没有赔付故选

B。

4推理判断题。根据文中语句“. . .but it turned out I wasgetting him wrong.”并联系上文推理可知保险的赔付让作者明白自己错怪了交警应对他表示感谢而不是之前的粗鲁行为故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型细节题要注意从文中寻找答案推断题需要联系上下文推断出需要的信息主旨题需要通读全文 了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4 阅读理解

We often hear stories of animals rescuing people. But now someone has managed to returnthe favor.

The eventtook place on a snowyJanuary morning.ThomasSmithwaswalking his dog, Jack, inthe park. "As I waswalking, I just sawJack running intothe icetowardsthe ducks inthe middle,andthen hefel l intothe waterand couldn't cl imbout," said Smith. He real ized he had nochoicebuttotry and save his dog. "Someoneelse told methe lakewas only one meterdeep,but itwasat leasttwicethat. I hadtobreakmywaythroughthe 6-cm ice. Final ly, I got Jackbythe neckandpul led him out. I didn't think I had ever felt so cold by the time we got back to dry land.Andwhenwegotthere,everyone wasasking if Jackwasokay—noonewasparticularlyworriedaboutme!"

A neighbor, Jul ie Brown, saw it al l happen. "The dog went onto an icy lake.Al l of a sudden, itstarted to go under. There were crowds of people around, and they were al l shouting andscreaming. Before I knew it, the owner Smith was in the water forcing his waythrough theice, I couldn't imagine how cold it was. Everyone was very nervous, but he was as cool as acucumber-hejustcrawled backout,putthedog onits lead,andwent home.

Many regard him as a hero, but Mr. Smith is quite laid—backabout it, "Most dog owners arethesameas me.Theywould dowhat I didwithouta secondthought.But in the future, I 'mgoingtomakesurehe'sona leadnearanyicy pond.

Petsare members of ourfami ly.Wouldyoudothesameforthem?

1What happenedona cold January morning?

A.Mr.SmithmetJackinthe park. B.Mr.SmithranafterJackontheice,

C. Jackfel l fromtheice intothewater.D. Jackplayedwiththe ducksinthewater.2 Howdid Mr.Smith saveJack?

A.Heaskeda neighborforhelp,

B.HebroketheiceandshoutedtoJack.

C.HegotJackbythe legandpul led him out.

D.He pul ledJackoutof the icywaterbythe neck.

3 Theunderl ined phrase"ascoolasacucumber" inParagraph3means"_________".

A. relaxed B.proud C. shy D.brave4 Inthe last paragraph, thewriterasksa questionto .

A. suggest keeping petsfor fun

B. remindpeopletoputtheirdogsontheleads

C.encourage peopletotakegoodcareof theirpets

D. advise people nottoleavetheir dogs near icyponds

5What isthe besttitleforthe passage?

A.A man's pet dogB.A dog's best friend

C.Thedangeronthe icylake D.Suggestionsforpets'owners

【答案】 1 C

2 D

3 A

4 C

5 B

【解析】 【分析】大意文章主要讲述了动物与人相互帮助的故事来鼓励人们好好对待动物。

1细节理解题。根据第二段I just saw Jack running into the ice towards the ducks in themiddle,andthenhefel l intothe waterandcouldn'tcl imbout .可知 Jack掉进冰水里了。故选

C。

2细节理解题。根据第二段Final ly, I got Jackbythe neckand pul led him out.可知他最终通过抓住Jack的脖子把他救出来。故选D。

3词义猜测题。根据前文Everyone was very nervous每个人都很紧张和转折连词but可知ascoolasa cucumber与形容词nervous“紧张的”相反是放松的意思。故选A。4推理判断题。根据前文Pets are members of our fami ly.宠物是我们家庭的成员可知作者提问是为了鼓励人们好好照顾他们的宠物。故选C。

5最佳标题题。通读全文可知文章主要讲述了主人Thomas解救了宠物狗Jack的故事 以此来强调人应该好好对待动物做动物的朋友故“一只狗的最好的朋友”为最佳标题。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解首先快速浏览、分析问题抓住关键词其次带着问题通读全文 了解文章大意找到依据确定答案最后再检查一遍确保答案正确。

5 阅读理解

Austral ia isthe largest island inthe world. It isa l ittle smal ler than China. It is inthe south oftheearth.Austral ia isbig,but its population is smal l .The populationof Austral ia isnearly aslargeasthatof Shanghai .

Enough laws 法律 have been made tofight against pol lution.The cities in Austral ia havegot l ittle air or water pol lution.The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fishswimming inthe rivers. Plantsgrowverywel l .

Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in western Austral ia and went to a wi ld flowersexhibition.

There we saw a large number of wi ld flowers we had never seen before.We had a wonderfultime. Perth is famous for its beautiful wi ld flowers. In spring every year, Perth has the wi ldflowers'exhibition.After visiting Perth,we spent a day in the countryside.We sat down and hada rest neara path atthefootof a hi l l . Itwas quietand weenjoyed ourselves. Suddenlywe heard

bel ls ringingat thetopof the hi l l .Whatwesawmade uspickupal l our thingsand run backtothe car as quicklyaswe could.There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us downthepath.

Austral ia isfamous for its sheep and kangaroos.After a short drive from anytown,you wi l l findyourself inthe middle of whitesheep.

1 Austral ia is .

A. the largestcountryintheworldB. largerthanChina

C. aslargeasShanghaiD. notsolargeasChina

2 In Perth,you mayvisit a wi ldflowers'exhibition in .

A.October B. January C.May D. July3Which of thefol lowingsentencesisTRUE?

A.Al lthe bigcities inAustral ia areseriously pol luted.

B.Austral ia isfamous for its sheep, kangaroosand large population.

C.Weranbacktothecarbecausewewereinthemiddle of the whitesheep.

D. If yougotothecountryside inAustral ia,youwi l l seea large numberof whitesheep.【答案】 1 D

2 A

3 D

【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了澳大利亚的人文环境和景色。

1细节题。根据文章提到的 It is a l ittle smal ler than China.可知它比中国小一点故选D。

2推断题。根据文章提到的 In spring every year, Perth has the wi ld flowers'exhibition可知在春天可以看花展结合澳大利亚和北半球季节相反可知它的春天在10月故选A。

3细节题。根据文章提到的After a short drive from any town,you wi l l find yourself inthe middle of white sheep.可知可以看到很多山羊故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型细节题要注意从文中寻找答案推断题需要联系上下文推断出需要的信息。

6 阅读下列短文从每题所给的A、 B、 C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

In 1901, Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, discovered that there are four types of blood.These four blood types were named A, B,AB and O. People have one of these four types. Bloodtype O isthe most common aroundthe world. BloodtypeA isthe second most common, andtype AB isthe least common. If people with type A blood are given type B blood,or people withtype B aregiventypeA blood, theywi l l probably die.

In 1927, a Japanese doctor Furukawa Takeji, carried out research and came upwith the ideathat people with different blood types also had different personal ities. He said that people withtype A blood are usual ly calm and serious; people with type B blood are curious, cheerful andoutgoing; and people with type O blood are generous and honest;whi le those with type ABbloodareoftencaring,original andcareful .

More recently, a doctor in the United States wrote a book that l inks blood types and whatpeople cat. For example, his book suggests people with type O blood should cat more meat andless bread A diet for people with type A blood includes more vegetables His book, Eat Right forYour Type, has been a hit with people who want to lose weight. However, Dr. Peter D'Adamobel ieves that eating food that matches a person's blood type can do more than help them loseweight.Hethinksitwi l l makethe person healthier in otherways, too.

1What did Karl Landsteiner discover?

A.Blood isdivided intofourtypes.

B.There are fourtypesof personal ity.

C.BloodtypeOisthe second mostcommon.

D.Bloodfrom one person can be giventoanother.

2Whoare interested in Eat RightforYourType?

A.Austrian people.B. Peoplewithtype o blood.

C. Peoplewhoaretoo heavy.D. Peoplewhoareworriedabouttheir blood.3Which isWRONG about bloodtypeAB?

A. It isthe leastcommon.B. Peoplewiththistype loseweighteasi ly.

C. Itwasdiscovered byKarl Landsteiner.D. Peoplewiththistype aresaidtobe original .4What'sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.What blood isin our bodies.B. Important partsof our blood.

C.Why bloodtypescannot be mixed.D.Three menwhostudied blood.

【答案】 1 A

2 C

3 B

4 D

【解析】 【分析】本文主要介绍了人们对不同的血型的观点和看法。

1细节题。根据文章These four bloodtypeswere namedA,B,AB and O.可知这名医生发现了血型有四种。故选A。

2细节题。根据原文Adietfor people withtypeA blood includesmorevegetablesHis book,Eat RightforYourType, hasbeena hitwith peoplewho wanttoloseweight.可知这名医生关注肥胖和血型之间的关系故选C。

3细节题。根据原文However,Dr. Peter D'Adamo bel ievesthat eating food that matches aperson's bloodtypecan do morethan helpthem loseweight.可知任何一种血型只要吃的食物符合血型都可以减肥从未提及AB血型不容易减肥故选B。

4主旨大意题。根据文章提到的第一段到第三段主要介绍了三位医生对不同血型的看法故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型细节题要注意从文中寻找答案推断题需要联系上下文推断出需要的信息主旨题需要通读全文 了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7 阅读理解

Miss Mitra didn't want to be a Sundayschool teacher any longer.The studentsthere were al lrudeand never l istened to her. "I give up."She shouted atthestudents. "Cool ."Ricksaid.Hewasthe most impol ite kid in this school .Two months later,Miss Betty Raycame tothe school . Shelookedyoung.Thestudentsthoughtthatshewouldn'tstayverylong.

"Have anyof you ever been out of state?"She asked in a friendlytone.Afew handswent up."Anyone hastraveled to Cal ifornia?"One hand went up asthe disrespectful 无礼的 laughreduced.

"Anyone visitedoutsidethecountry?"Nohandswent up now.The si lent kidswere puzzled.Bettytooka mapof theworldfrom her bag.

"Whatelse doyou havethere?Lunch?"Someonecracked.

Bettysmi led l ightlyand answered, "Cookiesfor later." "Cool,"Rickquipped 困惑的 .Then she pointed at a place onthe map, "I was born here, and I l ived here unti l I wasaboutyourage."

"IsthatTexas?"Someone asked.

"No.Quitea longwayfrom here. It isMumbai in India."

Bettyfumbled again in her bag, thistime pul l ing out some old wrinkled picturesalong with aboxof chocolate chipcookies.They passed the picturesaround,viewing eachwithgreat interest.The kids studiedthemastheybit intothesweets.

The hour quicklysl id byasshetoldthem herstoriesaboutfarawayplacesandwhatthe peoplewere l ikethereand howtheyl ived.

"Wow, thisisasexcitingasTV!"Oneyounggirltold her.

SundayafterSunday,Bettycametoclass, tying her lessonstotheireveryday l ives.She told thekids howtheycould make a difference right now.The studentsgrewto love her.

BettytaughtthatSundayschoolclassforthirtyyears.At last, herhairgrewintoa naturalgray.

Every now and then, she received a letter from a former student. There was a doctor, aresearch scientist, a homemaker, a businessman, and manyteachers among them.One day shepul led outa blue envelope from hermai lbox.Andtherewasa photoin it.Squinting hereyes, shesmi led at the man in the photo, sti l l seeingthe boyin him. Standing in the rubble 瓦砾 , inthe city of Delhi, India, he came to help the homeless people in the earthquake. Some wordswerewritten inthe upper part of the photo, "Because of you, I am here now."

1 Itcan beseenfrom the passagethat MissBettyRaywasborn in_______.

A.Cal iforniaB.TexasC.DelhiD.Mumbai2Why did Miss BettyRayasksome questionsandshowthe mapof India in herfirstclass?

A.Toget more lettersfrom herstudents.

B.To reduce students'disrespectful laugh.

C.Tomadestudentsinterested in her lessons.

D.Totake studentstotravel aroundthese cities.

3When she sawthe man standing in the rubbleinthe photo,MissBettyRay_______.

A. thought itwasasexcitingasTVB. recal ledwhat hewasl ike in herclass

C. tookout more photosfrom herstudentsD.wenttohelpthe homelesspeoplewith him4What influences 影响 did MissBettyRayhaveon herstudents? 至少三个方面