includingandroid

ThePowerArchitectureandPower.
orgwordmarksandthePowerandPower.
orglogosandrelatedmarksaretrademarksandservicemarkslicensedbyPower.
org.
AndroidonPowerArchitectureSpeaker:NinaWilner,Power.
orgELC,Grenobles,October16th2009AgendaWhatAndroidIS(andISN'T)AndroidOverviewandPositioningAndroidInvasionWhatMakesAndroidInterestingandwhatAndroidcandoPortingAndroidtoPowerArchitectureDemo:MPC8536E-AndroidPlatform–TheunderlyinghardwareWhatISandISN'TAndroidAndroidisbuiltonLinux(i.
e.
LinuxKernel)AndroidisnotLinux(i.
e.
Usesownlibraries,tools,…)AndroidisacompletestackontopoftheLinuxkernelSoftwarePlatformversusOSAndroidisanapplicationframeworkontopofLinuxfacilitatingrapiddeploymentinmanydomainsAndroidistheenablerforabroadapplicationdeveloperbaseAndroidisOpenandFreeOperatedunderApacheLicense(majorityofcode)InitiallydevelopedbyGoogle,nowmanagedbytheOpenHandsetAlliance(OHA)DeveloperswritemanagedcodeinJavalanguageviaAndroidJavalibrariesOHAListedAndroidCharacteristics:Open,Fast&easyapplicationdevelopmentAllapplicationsarecreatedequal,BreakingdownapplicationboundariesWhatIS(andISN'T)AndroidAndroiddeliversacompletesetofsoftwareformobiledevices:Operatingsystem,middlewareandkeymobileapplications.
URLs:http://www.
android.
com/http://source.
android.
com/http://developer.
android.
com/http://androidguys.
com/http://source.
android.
com/roadmap/cupcakeTheAndroidSoftwareDevelopmentKit(SDK)isalsoavailable:http://developer.
android.
com/sdk/1.
1_r1/index.
htmlWheretofindAndroidandAndroidInformationCodeSize:about1.
3GCoreprojects:thefoundationoftheAndroidplatformExternalprojects:otheropensourcesPackages:standardAndroidapplicationsandservicesGoogleAndtheOpenHandsetAlliance(OHA)GoogleStartedtheAndroidProjectAndroidisnotgovernedbytheOHAhttp://www.
openhandsetalliance.
comMembershttp://www.
openhandsetalliance.
com/oha_members.
html47technologyandmobilecompaniesMobilePhoneVendors(HandsetManufacturers)ChipVendors/SemiconductorCompaniesGraphicsVendorsTelecommunicationCompanies/MobileOperatorsSoftwareCompaniesMembershipBasedon"Give-Back"AndroidOverviewDesignedOriginallyForCellPhonesDesignGoals:SmallFootprintPowerManagement,ReducingEnergyConsumptionScreenResolution,SizeandManagementPlatformIndependenceNoBluescreenofDeathAndroidDesignPointsAndroidArchitectureOverviewGoogleCodeProjects/Repositoriesboardlevelconfigurevendor/*functionlibc,libm,libdlLinuxkernelhardwareabstractionlibrary(API)debugging/inspectiontools(adb)bootreferencecodebuildsystem,makefiles(envsetup.
mk,etc.
)frameworklibrariesdalvikVMdevelopmenttools,SDK,sampleapplication(camera,calculator)binariestosupportLinux(gdbserver),toolchainprojectsbionic/*prebuilt/*kernel/*hardware/*system/*bootable/*build/*frameworks/*dalvik/*development/*packages/*CoreprojectsPackagesExternelprojectsexternal/*otheropensources(jpeg,webkit,qemu)Linux2.
6Kernelplus115somePatchesProvidingBasicsystemFunctionalityMemoryManagement,ProcessManagement,SecurityNetworking,DeviceDrivers,MultithreadingLibrariesi.
e.
BionicC-LibraryUniqueComponentdesignedforAndroidOnly200k(halfthesizeofstdlibc)Audio,VideoMediaSupportGraphicsSupportLightweightDatabase(StorageandSharingofData)AndroidRuntimeDalvikVMSpecificallyDesignedforAndroidSeeLaterPageApplicationFrameworkProvideshigher-levelServicestoApplicationsusingJavaClassesAndroidComponents(1of2)Applications,AndroidSDKStandardApplicationscomewithSystemSDKtodevelopnewapplicationsApplicationscanbewritteninJavausingDalvikVMEfficient,accommodatesinteroperability,PortabilityC/C++ApplicationscanberunaswellEclipsebasedApplicationDevelopmentEnvironment(withspecialplug-in)KeyCapability:SharingofFunctionalityAmongstApplicationsApplicationscanexportfunctionalityPromotesSoftwareRe-UseConsistentUserexperienceAsmentionedearlier:Allapplicationsareequal–StandardonesarenotspecialFormoreInformation:"MentorWhitePaper"andAndroidWebsiteAndroidWebsite,andhttp://www.
mentor.
com/products/embedded_software/techpubs/getting-started-with-android-development-for-embedded-systems-51770AndroidComponents(2of2)DalvikVMSpeficallyDesignedforAndroidBasedonanOpenSourceJavaVMandClassLibrariesCalledHarmonyDesignedtomeetmobileperformance/sizerequirementsBasedonHarmony:Apache'sopensourceJavaSEhttp://harmony.
apache.
orgSomeunusualcharacteristics:Dalvikisregisterbased(JavaVMisstackbased)DalvikdoesnotsupportJITcompilation(notyet)EachapplicationrunsinseparateVMInstanceMemoryissharedbetweeninstancesStartup-timeimprovement:"zygote"pre-initializationofVMwithforkOptimizedforMultipleInstantiation–ApplicationscarryprivatecopyDesignedforMemoryEfficiency–RegisterBasedratherthanstackbasedUsesit'sownbytecodeimplementationMakesfulluseofLinuxKernelDalvikVM:TakingaCloserLookLicensingExamplesPerModuleOpenSourceModuleLicenseLinuxKernelGPLNetBSDCLibraryBSDDBUSGPL2OpenBinder(core)GPL2YAFFS2GPLSQLiteGPL2WebkitBSD(includingLGPL)WebCoreLGPLSDLLGPLSGLGoogle(Skia)OpenGL-ESSGIOpenGL(BSD/MPL)NewestAndroidDevelopmentsVersions:Someonehasasweettooth…Cupcake(Current)DonutclairFlan.
.
.
.
LatestApplications:GooglepinyinLotsofnewphonesrunningAndroidCompaniesannouncingNetbooksrunningAndroidPositioning:AndroidversusChromeOSGoogleChromeOSisanewproject,separatefromAndroid.
Androidwasdesignedfromthebeginningtoworkacrossavarietyofdevicesfromphonestoset-topboxestonetbooksGoogleChromeOSisbeingcreatedforpeoplewhospendmostoftheirtimeontheweb,andisbeingdesignedtopowercomputersrangingfromsmallnetbookstofull-sizedesktopsystems.
WhilethereareareaswhereGoogleChromeOSandAndroidoverlap,"we"(Google)believechoicewilldriveinnovationforthebenefitofeveryone,includingGoogle.
ChromeOSSource(fordevelopers)notavailtilllate2009Firstimplementationstobeseenlate2010Android"Invasion"ExpandingintoNewMarketsOriginalTarget:Handheld/MobileDevices,cellPhonesCurrently:Netbooks,STBs,NearFuture:TheSkyisthelimit:CarComputers(Automotive),MedicalInstruments,IndustrialEquipment/Control,OfficeAutomation,MultimediaPlayer,VideoSurveillance,StorageandNetworkingAppliance,Homeautomation,InstrumentationAndroidInvasion:TargetMarketExpandingSomeDesignAspectsApply,SomeCouldBeMadetoApplyAssomedesignaspectsfromthemobilephonemarketmaynotapply,othersmaybeusedadvantageouslyEnergy/BatterysavingfunctionsinAndroidforexampleCouldbeofbenefitHouseholdVampireEnergyCouldbeReducedEventhoughStandbyenergyonhouseholditemsisusuallylowItdoesaddupDeviceHeatdevelopmentRequiresmorecoolingLowerheatoutputswillrequirelesscooling,i.
eA/CusageCombinedwithPowerArchitecturereducedenergyrequirementsandheatdevelopmentarefurtherenhancedAndroidisdesignedforSmallFootprintrequiringlessdiskspacelessmemoryPowerArchitectureDemoSystemusesanSDcardonlyAndroidfeatureswouldallowtobuildenvironmentallyfriendlyhouseholddevicessuchasSTBs,DigitalTVs,etc,especiallywhenusingPowerArchitectureWhatMakesAndroidInterestingWhatAndroidCandoforEmbeddedWhatAndroidCandofor"Open"AgendaWhatMakesAndroidInterestingWhatAndroidCandofortheEmbeddedCommunityWhatAndroidCandofortheOpenCommunityAndroidisDisruptiveTechnologyWhatmakesAndroidInterestingAimstobringInternet-styleinnovationandopennesstomobile/embeddedequipmentProvidesaRichdevelopmentenvironmentDeviceemulatorToolsfordebuggingMemoryandperformanceprofilingPluginfortheEclipseIDEApplicationframeworkenablingreuseandreplacementofcomponentsDalvikVirtualmachineoptimizedformobiledevicesIntegratedbrowserOptimizedgraphicsSQLiteforstructureddatastorageMediasupportforcommonaudio,video,andimageformatsCommunicationsupportEnablecustomerstofocusonTargetDeviceApplicationDevelopmentUIandothervalueadddevelopmentBringssetofagreeduponconventionsAndroidCanHelpStreamlinetheEmbeddedDesignProcessesConceptMPC8536Eevaluation&prototypeplatformAndroidSDKAndroidDevelopmentSystemPrototype3rdPartyServiceCompanyi.
e.
:MentorGraphicsAndroidDevelopmentSystemDesignVarietyofSiliconChoices:Power,Mips,Arm,x86Product++WhatAndroidBringstoOpennessLinuxBasedOpenSourceAddssetof"Conventions"Standardsetsoflibraries,toolsetcStreamlinedforembeddedDevicedeveloperEasyandconsistenttouseforend-userNobluescreenofdeathFortheEmbeddedSpace:AndroidCouldbetoLinuxwhatLinuxwastoUnixAndroidisDisruptiveTechnologyCouldthisthreatenWindowsInitialConfrontation:AndroidvsWindowsCEMaybeAndroidPCwillthreatenWindowssomedayI.
e.
AndroidonnetbooksMaymakeLinuxmoreappealingtonon-techiesConventionsandstandardsmaymakeitlessflexiblefortheseasonedLinuxuserConventionswillhelpthenovice"non-windows"deviceuserMayofferanalternativetoWindowsAtleastnoblue-screenofDeathTheGOOGLEnamebehinditwon'thurtGoogle-AndroidsourcesfreelyavailableAndroiddevelopersCommunity(ies)is/aregrowingPortingAndroidtoPowerArchitectureMentorGraphicsonAndroidLateJuly2009GlennPerry,MentorGraphicsEmbeddedSystemsDivisionGM,stated:"Mentor'sstrategyacknowledgestwostrongtrendsweseeinembeddeddevicedevelopmenttoday.
OneisahugedemandforGoogle'sAndroidplatforminnew,complexdevicesbeyondthemobilephonesforwhichAndroidwasoriginallydeveloped.
Theotheristhegrowinguseonmulti-coreprocessorsofmultipleoperatingsystems,usuallyLinuxandanRTOSlikeNucleus.
"PortingAgendaPortingSkillsNeededforEachComponentandPortingConsiderationsComponentsthatneedtobeconsideredforPerformanceImprovements/TuningPortingStepsandPhases-ThePortingProcess:AndroidPowerArchitectureTheResult:AndroidonPowerArchitectureDemo:MPC8536E-AndroidPlatform–TheunderlyinghardwarePortingSkillsNeededPerComponentSubteamsResponsibilitiesSystem(/bootable/*,/kernel/*,/hardware/*,/build/*,/prebuilt/*,/system/*,vendor/*)1.
bootloaderporting2.
kernel,filesystem3.
driversneeded4.
HAL5.
cross-compilerBionic(/bionic/*)1.
portCruntimeonPowerPCSDK(/development/*,/externel/qemu/*)1.
offeraphonesimulatorkitbasedonPowerSkills1.
masterbootloader2.
masterdriverstranspl.
3.
familiarwithlinuxkernel.
4.
familiarwithcompiler5.
cooperation,communication1.
masterPowerArch.
2.
masterAssemblylanguaage3.
familiarwithpython.
4.
knowaboutkernelkno.
5.
cooperation,communication1.
masterPowerArch.
2.
masterClanguage3.
knowabouttheJavalanguage4.
cooperation,communicationApp(/dalvik/*,/external/*(notincludingqemu/*),/frameworks/*,/packages/*,)1.
dalviktransplant2.
frameworksmodification1.
masterC++,JAVA2.
cooperation,communicationNumber1234FirstPortingStepsIntegratingAndroid-specificLinuxkernelpatchesintotheBoard'sBSPPortingtheDalvikVMincludingarchitectureandbuildsupportIncludingoptimizationforDalvikaccelerationExtendingbionicrun-timelibrary/linkersupporttoaccommodatePowerArchitectureUtilizingPowerArchitectureFPUandotherperformanceenhancementacrossallsoftwaremodulesIntegratingandtestingboardsupportandindustry-specificdevicedrivers,codecs,andothermiddlewareSupportingPowerArchitecturetechnologyintheAndroidSoftwareDevelopmentKit(SDK)andAndroidtargetsinthecustomizableDevelopmentSystemPlatformandintegrationtestingofAndroidstackcomponentsandshrink-wrapAndroidapplicationsTheAndroidportisbasedontheOpenHandsetAlliance(OHA)Android1.
5("Cupcake")releaseTheinitialMentorGraphicstoolkitsupportstheFreescaleMPC8536E(PowerQUICCIII)developmentsystem"complementedbycustomer-tailoredsupportfromMentorGraphics.
"PortingConsiderationsperComponentGeneralPortbasedonAndroidCupcakeVersionApproximately4000linesofcodethatneedtobetouchedLinuxKernelKernelPatchesneedtobeappliedtoBSPSoftwarethatcomeswiththeboardLinuxKernelportingafterthatisprettystraightforwardSomeEndianessissuestravelallthroughAndroidthoughDalvikVMDalvikVM'sinitialportcanbedoneportinggenericCcodeCPUarchitecturedependentoptimizationsrequiredforbetterperformanceRequiresAssemblerLevelSupportofArchitectureneededforfulloptimizationBionicisAndroidsC-Librarylibc,libdl,linker,libm,libc++OpenBSD/NetBSDbasedHasobviouslylotsofarchitecture/systemspecificareasResponsibleforsharedlibraryloading,processforkingwhichallvariesbasedonarchitectureHardwareSpecificadjustmentsneededtoleverageaudio,video,graphicsDalvikVMBionicWebkitOpenGL-ESleveragingHardwareAccelerationH.
264andotherhardwareAccelerationComponentstoConsiderForOptimizationTheResult:AndroidonPowerArchitectureProvidesthelateststableAndroidforPowerArchitectureIncludesoptimizedLibrariesforArchitectureandCPUcoreIncludesoptimizedDalvikVMfortheArchitectureandtheCPUcorePlatform–Libraries,KernelDevelopingandaddingboardportsandcustomdriversDevelopingandaddingproductspecificC/C++LibrariesEnablescustomizingHALforhardwarespecificneedsRuntime–Dalvik,JNIDevelopingandaddingproductspecificJNIApplicationFrameworkDevelopingandaddingproductspecificclassesEnablescustomizingtheUI,theme,andiconsApplicationSDKandEmulator(Eclipseplugin)CreateproductspecificApplicationSDKEnablescustomizingtheemulatortomatchtheproduct(hardware,behaviorandskins)SupportingAndroidonadditonalPowerArchitectureCores/SoCsshouldbesimpleNextStepsWhat'sstillbeingWorkedonBitBlittingRoutineMediaapplicationsandtheiroptimizationMoreDalvikVMOptimizationGraphicsOptimizationUseofSpecialHardwareAccelerators(i.
eMediaStreaming)PossibleNextStepsMoreTuning/Testing(TargetDeviceSpecific,notjustSoCSpecific)MoreApplicationsSupportforMultipleCoresSupportingotherPowerArchitectureCoresExpandsetofapplicationsbyrespondingtomarketspecificrequirementsPage36WhoDidthePort:Mentor'sAndroidDevelopmentSystem(1of2)MentorGraphics–DevelopmentSystemforAndroidSupplementingtheMPC8536-Androidsystem,MentorGraphicsoffersacomprehensivedevelopmentsystemforembeddedAndroiddeveloper.
Supportforcrossdevelopmentofsystem-levelandapplicationsoftwarefordevicesrunningtheAndroidplatformUp-to-dateproductionkernels,run-timelibrariesandothercorecomponentsOptimizedDalvikVirtualMachineandJNI(JavaNativeInterface)AndroidApplicationFrameworkandSDK(EclipsePlug-in)CustomizableAndroidDeviceEmulatorforEclipseMentorGraphicsEmbeddedTargetDevelopmentsystemDevelopmentSystemseatsavailabletolicensePerprojectperpetuallicenses(independentofusernumber)EnterprisebusinessmodelsalsoavailablePage37WhoDidthePort:Mentor'sAndroidDevelopmentSystem(2of2)AdditionalMentorGraphicsServicesCustomboardportsExtendAndroidI/OsupportwithJNIandClasssupportIntegrateproduct/industryspecificmiddlewareTurnkeysolutionsApplicationdevelopmentIntegrationandSupportservicesContactMentorGraphicsforpricingandbusinessmodeldetails800.
468.
6853or251.
208.
3400www.
mentor.
com/products/embeddedsoftwareDemoFreescalePowerArchitectureQorIQandPowerQUICCIIIPreviewedin2008,theMPC8536isbilledbyFreescaleasa"highlyintegratedPowerQUICCIIIwithadvancedpowermanagement.
"TheQorIQSoC,meanwhile,isconsideredanext-generationheirtothePowerQUICCIIIlineforhigh-endnetworkingandotherdemandingembeddedapplications.
AnnouncedinJune2008,QorIQissaidtobepin-andsoftware-compatiblewithPowerQUICC.
Basedononetoeighte500coresclockedfrom400MHzto1.
5GHz,QorIQisfabricatedwith45nmprocesstechnology,leadingtogreaterclaimedpowerefficiency.
TheSoCwasexpectedtostartsamplingthissummer.
StatedKamalKhouri,seniormanager,PlatformProductManagementforFreescale'sNetworkingandMultimediaGroup,"OurcollaborationwithMentorGraphicsallowsOEMstobuildsmart,feature-richdevicesbasedonFreescaleprocessorsusingeithertheirownvalue-addedapplicationsorshrink-wrappedsoftwarefromtheAndroidMarketplace.
"MPC8536EAndroidEvaluationandPrototypeSystemHardwareBasedonMPC8536RDKDevelopmentSystemAndroidRuntimeSoftwarePrebuiltAndroidruntimeimageOptimizedAndroidVirtualMachine(Dalvik)e500v2onMPC8536(laterP1022)AndroidLibrary(Bionic)supportandoptimizedfore500v2Linux2.
6.
29patchedandconfiguredforAndroidAndroidversion1.
5(Cupcake)VGAgraphicsmodeupto1600x12002Dgraphicslibrary,3DgraphicslibrarybasedonOpenGLES1.
0specificationsEthernetconnectivityWebbrowser,WebKitapplicationframework.
MediasupportH.
263,H.
264,MPEG-4SP,AMR,AAC,,MP3,WAV,JPEG,PNG,GIF,BMPUSBMouseandkeyboardDemonstrationAndroidapplicationsAndroidBuildSoftwareSourcedirectory,makefiles,andtoolstobuildAndroidMPC8536E-AndroidHardwarePlatformFeaturesCSB1880CSBBasedonCOMExpressFormFactorincludes:1.
25GHzMPC8536Eprocessor512MB64-bitDDR2-500memorywithECC512MBNANDflashmemoryBootable4-bitSD/MMCPort(SDIO-compliant)ThreePCIExpressportsconfigurableonex8,twox4oronex4andtwox2\DualRGMIIThree480MbUSB2.
0ULPIPHYSTwoserialportsandoneI2CportEightGPIOlinesandfourPCIinterruptsStandard16-pinJTAGOnboardMCF51QE32IPMmicrocontrollerforpowersequencing,bootconfiguration,fancontrolandthermalmonitoringCSB1880moduleprovidesadditionalflexibilityfordirectpurchaseofthemodulefromCogentComputerSystems(www.
cogcomp.
com)CSB1801ATXCarrierBoardincludes:Flex/MicroATXformfactorHigh-speed440-pinCSBExpressconnectorThreex16PCIExpressconnectors(x4+x2+x2)32-bit3.
3VPCIedgeconnectorDualSATAconnectorsUSB-Bconnector(fromSOMUSB2)Dual10/100/1000EthernetFour-portUSBhostinterfaceAC97headerforheadphoneandmicXGIZ9M2Dgraphicscontrollerwith8MBframebuffer3.
74"Wx3.
74"WMPC8536EBlockDiagrame500v2PowerPCcoreupto1.
5GHz512KBL2Cachew/ECC36bitphysicaladdressingDP-FPU,SPESystemUnit64/32bDDR2/3upto667MHzdataratew/ECCIntegratedSecurityEngineTripleUSB2.
0HighSpeedHost/DeviceSD/MMCFlashInterfacesSPI&EnhancedLocalBusDual10/100/1000EthernetControllersHighSpeedInterconnectTriplePCIExpressPCIDualSATAcontrollerAdvancedPowerManagementControllerNap,Doze,Sleep,DeepSleep(@0.
95W@35C)PowerofftocoreandcacheWakeonLAN,/USB/GPIO/timer/externalsignalIsolatedPowerPlanesLowPowerDynamicOperation(typicalpowerestimate)CPU/Platform800/400–@4.
5W1000/500–@5.
2W1500/500–@6.
7WCoherencyModule512KBL2CachePerfMonTimerse500core32KBD-Cache32KBI-CacheAsyncQueue64bDDR2/3SDRAMController+ECCEnhancedLocalBusSECOpenPICMPC8536EPowerManagementAlphaSamples:NowProduction:NowSPIDUART2xI2CSD/MMC8LaneSERDESDMAPCI-ePCI-ePCI-ePCI322LaneSERDESGigabitEthernetSGMIISGMIIGigabitEthernetULPIUSBHost/DeviceULPIUSBHost/DeviceUSBHost/DeviceULPISATASATAKeyFeaturesLowHeatDevelopmentBasedonPowerArchitectureCoreNoFanRequiredWholeSystemonSDCard–noharddrivewithspinningheadsneededuboot+OS+Libraries+ApplicationsOnlySmallPowerSupplyneededGPUintegratedintomainboardSmallFormFactorCanbemuchsmallerthanwhat'sshowntodayGrenobles,ELC2009ThankYou!
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