Definition阵列卡
阵列卡 时间:2021-03-28 阅读:()
1Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RAIDShield:Characterizing,Monitoring,andProactivelyProtectingAgainstDiskFailuresPresenter:AoMaAjointworkwithFredDouglis,GuanlinLu,DarrenSawyerSurendarChandra,WindsorHsu2Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
DiskfailuresarecommonplaceWhole-diskfailurePartialfailureRAIDiswidelydeployedProtectdataagainstfailureswithredundancyPervasiveRAIDProtection3Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
StoragesystemisevolvingEscalateduseoflessreliabledrivescausesmorewhole-diskfailuresIncreasingdiskcapacityresultsinmoresectorerrorsSolutionAddextraredundancy(RAID5,RAID6,…)–EnsuredatareliabilityatthecostofstorageefficiencyRAIDOverviewIsaddingextraredundancyanefficientsolution4Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Analyzed1millionSATAdisksandrevealedFailuremodesdegradingRAIDreliabilityReallocatedsectorsreflectdiskreliabilitydeteriorationDiskfailureispredictableBuiltRAIDSHIELD,anactivedefensemechanismReconstructfailingdiskbeforeit'stoolate!
PLATE:single-diskproactiveprotection–Deploymenteliminates70%ofRAIDfailuresARMOR:diskgroupproactiveprotection–RecognizevulnerableRAIDgroupsWhatWeDid5Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
BackgroundDiskfailureanalysisRAIDSHIELD:IdentifyfailureindicatorReallocatedSector(RS)characterizationSinglediskproactiveprotectionDiskgroupproactiveprotection5Outline6Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Diskfailuredoesnotfollowafail-stopmodelTheproductionsystemsstudieddefinefailureasConnectionislostAnoperationexceedsthetimeoutthresholdWritefailsWhole-diskFailureDefinition7Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
EachdiskdrivemodelisdenotedasRelativesizeswithinafamilyareorderedbythecapacitynumber–E.
g.
A-2islargerthanA-1DiskModelPopulation(Thousands)FirstDeploymentLogLength(Months)A-13406/200860A-216511/200860B-110006/200848C-19310/201036C-225312/201036D-138409/201121DiskDataCollection8Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
WhatDoRealDiskFailuresLookLike9Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
0001424462031010203040500-612-1824-3036-4248-54A-2MonthDistributionofLifetimeofFailedDrives001241534291130102030400-612-1824-3036-4248-54A-1MonthAlargefractionoffaileddrivesarefoundatasimilaragePercentage(%)Percentage(%)10Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
ThenumberofaffecteddiskskeepgrowingAbout10%ofdisksgetsectorerrorsatthe3rdyearSectorerrornumbersincreasescontinuouslyAverageerrorcountincreases25%to300%yearoveryearIncreasingFrequencyofSectorErrors11Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
DrivefailingatasimilarageFailurerateisnotconstantAhighriskofmultiplesimultaneousfailuresIncreasingfrequencyofsectorerrorsExacerbateriskofreconstructionfailuresPassiveRedundancyisInefficientEnsuringreliabilityintheworstcaserequiresaddingconsiderableextraredundancy,makingitunattractivefromacostperspective12Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
MotivationEnsuredatasafetywithminimalredundancyProactivelyrecognizeimpendingfailuresandmigratevulnerabledatainadvanceMethodologyIdentifyindicatorofimpendingfailureIndicatorcharacterizationProactiveprotectionRAIDSHIELD,TheProactiveProtection13Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
PotentialindicatorsVariousdiskerrorsCriteriaofagoodindicatorIthappensmuchmorefrequentlyonfaileddisksratherthanworkingdisksApproachQuantifythediscriminationbetweenerrorvalueonfaileddisksandworkingones–DecilescomparisonisusedIdentifyFailureIndicator14Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
FaileddiskshavemoremediaerrorsthanworkingonesThediscriminationisnotsignificantenoughMediaErrorComparison2359152232478611123471330020406080100123456789faileddiskworkingdiskDecilesA-2MediaErrorCount15Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
2238718732752281212422025000001262905001000150020002500123456789faileddiskworkingdiskA-2DecilesReallocatedSectorCountA-2DecilesRSisstronglycorrelatedwithdiskfailuresReallocatedSector(RS)Comparison16Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
MostfaileddrivestendtohavealargernumberofRSthanworkingonesRSisstronglycorrelatedwithwhole-diskfailures,followedbymediaerrors,pendingsectorerrorsanduncorrectablesectorerrorsCorrelationBetweenSectorErrorsAndWhole-diskFailureRSisastrongindicatorofimpendingdiskfailure17Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
LargerRScountimplieshigherfailurerateintwo-monthwindowDiskFailureRateGivenDifferentRSCount1.
767758083858689909091929393949502040608010004080120160200240280320360400440480520560600DiskFailureRate(%)RScountA-2RSCharacterization(1)18Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
LargerRScount,fastertofail10%25%median75%90%RSCountTimeMargin(Days)DiskFailureTimeGivenDifferentRSCountRSCharacterization(2)19Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RScountindicatesthedegreeofdiskreliabilitydeteriorationUsetheRScounttopredictimpendingdiskfailureinadvancePLATE:SingleDiskProactiveProtection20Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
70.
166.
66461.
859.
952.
14742.
63936.
94.
52.
82.
11.
71.
40.
80.
70.
40.
30.
27010203040506070809010020406080100200300400500600failurespredictedfalsepositivePercentage(%)BoththepredictedfailureandfalsepositiveratesdecreaseasthethresholdincreasesSimulationResult:FailuresCapturedRateGivenDifferentRSThresholdRSthreshold21Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
551515801070020406080100WithoutProactiveProtectionWithProactiveProtectionHardwareFailuresOthersTripleFailuresEliminatedTripleFailuresSingleproactiveprotectionreducesabout70%ofRAIDfailures,equivalentto88%ofthetriple-diskfailuresPLATEDeploymentResult:CausesofRecoveryIncidentsPercentage(%)22Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
10%remainingtriplefailuresPLATEmissesRAIDfailurescausedbymultiplelessreliabledrives,whoseRScountshaven'texceedthethresholdTriagePrioritizediskgroupswithhighestriskMotivationofARMOR:TheRAIDGroupProactiveProtection23Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
1-11-21-31-42-12-22-32-43-13-23-33-44-14-24-34-4XXXXThreatofFailureImminentFailureGoodDiskHealthyDG1ImminentFailureofDG2ProtectedDG3PossibleFailureofDG4Singlediskprotection:Replace2-3,2-4,3-4(PLATE)Can'tidentifyDG4northedifferencebetweenDG2andDG3Groupprotection:ReplaceDG4orincreaseredundancy(ARMOR)ProtectDG4andrecognizethedifferencebetweenDG2andDG3DiskGroupProtectionExample24Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
CalculatethesinglediskfailureprobabilityConditionalprobabilitythroughBayesTheoremCalculatetheprobabilityofavulnerableRAIDCombinationofthosesinglediskprobabilitiesthroughjointprobabilityARMORMethodology25Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
ThediscriminationshowsARMORiseffectivetorecognizeendangeredDGsInpractice,itidentifiesmostDGfailuresthatarenotpredictedbyPLATEProbabilityDecilesdistributionEvaluation0.
250.
330.
390.
440.
460.
50.
630.
730.
930.
150.
20.
230.
250.
270.
280.
30.
310.
3200.
20.
40.
60.
81123456789GroupswithmorethanonefailureGroupswithoutfailure26Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
GooglereportsSMARTmetricssuchasreallocatedsectorstronglysuggestanimpendingfailure,buttheyalsodeterminethathalfofthefaileddisksshownosucherrors[Pinheiro'07]DifferentworkloadandRAIDrewriteDiskfailurepredictionAveragemaximumlatency[Goldszmidt'12]SMARTfailureprediction[Murray'05,Hughes'02]RelatedWork27Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Weanalyzed1millionSATAdrivesObservefailuremodesdegradingRAIDreliabilityRevealRScountreflectsthediskreliabilitydeteriorationDiskfailureispredictableWebuiltRAIDSHIELD,anactivedefensemechanismPLATE:singlediskproactiveprotection–Deploymenteliminates70%ofRAIDfailuresARMOR:diskgroupproactiveprotection–RecognizevulnerableRAIDgroups–HopetodeployinfutureIsaddingextraredundancyanefficientsolutionUseasmuchredundancyasneededtoensureavailabilityProactivereplacementshoulddecreasethelevelneededSummary28Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RAIDShield:Characterizing,Monitoring,andProactivelyProtectingAgainstDiskFailuresQuestionsAcknowledgementAndreaArpaci-DusseauandRemziArpaci-DusseauDataDomainengineerteam,membersofADandCTOoffice,StephenManley29Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
CalculatethesinglediskfailureprobabilityCalculatetheprobabilityofavulnerableRAID
Allrightsreserved.
RAIDShield:Characterizing,Monitoring,andProactivelyProtectingAgainstDiskFailuresPresenter:AoMaAjointworkwithFredDouglis,GuanlinLu,DarrenSawyerSurendarChandra,WindsorHsu2Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
DiskfailuresarecommonplaceWhole-diskfailurePartialfailureRAIDiswidelydeployedProtectdataagainstfailureswithredundancyPervasiveRAIDProtection3Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
StoragesystemisevolvingEscalateduseoflessreliabledrivescausesmorewhole-diskfailuresIncreasingdiskcapacityresultsinmoresectorerrorsSolutionAddextraredundancy(RAID5,RAID6,…)–EnsuredatareliabilityatthecostofstorageefficiencyRAIDOverviewIsaddingextraredundancyanefficientsolution4Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Analyzed1millionSATAdisksandrevealedFailuremodesdegradingRAIDreliabilityReallocatedsectorsreflectdiskreliabilitydeteriorationDiskfailureispredictableBuiltRAIDSHIELD,anactivedefensemechanismReconstructfailingdiskbeforeit'stoolate!
PLATE:single-diskproactiveprotection–Deploymenteliminates70%ofRAIDfailuresARMOR:diskgroupproactiveprotection–RecognizevulnerableRAIDgroupsWhatWeDid5Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
BackgroundDiskfailureanalysisRAIDSHIELD:IdentifyfailureindicatorReallocatedSector(RS)characterizationSinglediskproactiveprotectionDiskgroupproactiveprotection5Outline6Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Diskfailuredoesnotfollowafail-stopmodelTheproductionsystemsstudieddefinefailureasConnectionislostAnoperationexceedsthetimeoutthresholdWritefailsWhole-diskFailureDefinition7Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
EachdiskdrivemodelisdenotedasRelativesizeswithinafamilyareorderedbythecapacitynumber–E.
g.
A-2islargerthanA-1DiskModelPopulation(Thousands)FirstDeploymentLogLength(Months)A-13406/200860A-216511/200860B-110006/200848C-19310/201036C-225312/201036D-138409/201121DiskDataCollection8Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
WhatDoRealDiskFailuresLookLike9Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
0001424462031010203040500-612-1824-3036-4248-54A-2MonthDistributionofLifetimeofFailedDrives001241534291130102030400-612-1824-3036-4248-54A-1MonthAlargefractionoffaileddrivesarefoundatasimilaragePercentage(%)Percentage(%)10Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
ThenumberofaffecteddiskskeepgrowingAbout10%ofdisksgetsectorerrorsatthe3rdyearSectorerrornumbersincreasescontinuouslyAverageerrorcountincreases25%to300%yearoveryearIncreasingFrequencyofSectorErrors11Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
DrivefailingatasimilarageFailurerateisnotconstantAhighriskofmultiplesimultaneousfailuresIncreasingfrequencyofsectorerrorsExacerbateriskofreconstructionfailuresPassiveRedundancyisInefficientEnsuringreliabilityintheworstcaserequiresaddingconsiderableextraredundancy,makingitunattractivefromacostperspective12Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
MotivationEnsuredatasafetywithminimalredundancyProactivelyrecognizeimpendingfailuresandmigratevulnerabledatainadvanceMethodologyIdentifyindicatorofimpendingfailureIndicatorcharacterizationProactiveprotectionRAIDSHIELD,TheProactiveProtection13Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
PotentialindicatorsVariousdiskerrorsCriteriaofagoodindicatorIthappensmuchmorefrequentlyonfaileddisksratherthanworkingdisksApproachQuantifythediscriminationbetweenerrorvalueonfaileddisksandworkingones–DecilescomparisonisusedIdentifyFailureIndicator14Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
FaileddiskshavemoremediaerrorsthanworkingonesThediscriminationisnotsignificantenoughMediaErrorComparison2359152232478611123471330020406080100123456789faileddiskworkingdiskDecilesA-2MediaErrorCount15Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
2238718732752281212422025000001262905001000150020002500123456789faileddiskworkingdiskA-2DecilesReallocatedSectorCountA-2DecilesRSisstronglycorrelatedwithdiskfailuresReallocatedSector(RS)Comparison16Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
MostfaileddrivestendtohavealargernumberofRSthanworkingonesRSisstronglycorrelatedwithwhole-diskfailures,followedbymediaerrors,pendingsectorerrorsanduncorrectablesectorerrorsCorrelationBetweenSectorErrorsAndWhole-diskFailureRSisastrongindicatorofimpendingdiskfailure17Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
LargerRScountimplieshigherfailurerateintwo-monthwindowDiskFailureRateGivenDifferentRSCount1.
767758083858689909091929393949502040608010004080120160200240280320360400440480520560600DiskFailureRate(%)RScountA-2RSCharacterization(1)18Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
LargerRScount,fastertofail10%25%median75%90%RSCountTimeMargin(Days)DiskFailureTimeGivenDifferentRSCountRSCharacterization(2)19Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RScountindicatesthedegreeofdiskreliabilitydeteriorationUsetheRScounttopredictimpendingdiskfailureinadvancePLATE:SingleDiskProactiveProtection20Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
70.
166.
66461.
859.
952.
14742.
63936.
94.
52.
82.
11.
71.
40.
80.
70.
40.
30.
27010203040506070809010020406080100200300400500600failurespredictedfalsepositivePercentage(%)BoththepredictedfailureandfalsepositiveratesdecreaseasthethresholdincreasesSimulationResult:FailuresCapturedRateGivenDifferentRSThresholdRSthreshold21Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
551515801070020406080100WithoutProactiveProtectionWithProactiveProtectionHardwareFailuresOthersTripleFailuresEliminatedTripleFailuresSingleproactiveprotectionreducesabout70%ofRAIDfailures,equivalentto88%ofthetriple-diskfailuresPLATEDeploymentResult:CausesofRecoveryIncidentsPercentage(%)22Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
10%remainingtriplefailuresPLATEmissesRAIDfailurescausedbymultiplelessreliabledrives,whoseRScountshaven'texceedthethresholdTriagePrioritizediskgroupswithhighestriskMotivationofARMOR:TheRAIDGroupProactiveProtection23Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
1-11-21-31-42-12-22-32-43-13-23-33-44-14-24-34-4XXXXThreatofFailureImminentFailureGoodDiskHealthyDG1ImminentFailureofDG2ProtectedDG3PossibleFailureofDG4Singlediskprotection:Replace2-3,2-4,3-4(PLATE)Can'tidentifyDG4northedifferencebetweenDG2andDG3Groupprotection:ReplaceDG4orincreaseredundancy(ARMOR)ProtectDG4andrecognizethedifferencebetweenDG2andDG3DiskGroupProtectionExample24Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
CalculatethesinglediskfailureprobabilityConditionalprobabilitythroughBayesTheoremCalculatetheprobabilityofavulnerableRAIDCombinationofthosesinglediskprobabilitiesthroughjointprobabilityARMORMethodology25Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
ThediscriminationshowsARMORiseffectivetorecognizeendangeredDGsInpractice,itidentifiesmostDGfailuresthatarenotpredictedbyPLATEProbabilityDecilesdistributionEvaluation0.
250.
330.
390.
440.
460.
50.
630.
730.
930.
150.
20.
230.
250.
270.
280.
30.
310.
3200.
20.
40.
60.
81123456789GroupswithmorethanonefailureGroupswithoutfailure26Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
GooglereportsSMARTmetricssuchasreallocatedsectorstronglysuggestanimpendingfailure,buttheyalsodeterminethathalfofthefaileddisksshownosucherrors[Pinheiro'07]DifferentworkloadandRAIDrewriteDiskfailurepredictionAveragemaximumlatency[Goldszmidt'12]SMARTfailureprediction[Murray'05,Hughes'02]RelatedWork27Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Weanalyzed1millionSATAdrivesObservefailuremodesdegradingRAIDreliabilityRevealRScountreflectsthediskreliabilitydeteriorationDiskfailureispredictableWebuiltRAIDSHIELD,anactivedefensemechanismPLATE:singlediskproactiveprotection–Deploymenteliminates70%ofRAIDfailuresARMOR:diskgroupproactiveprotection–RecognizevulnerableRAIDgroups–HopetodeployinfutureIsaddingextraredundancyanefficientsolutionUseasmuchredundancyasneededtoensureavailabilityProactivereplacementshoulddecreasethelevelneededSummary28Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RAIDShield:Characterizing,Monitoring,andProactivelyProtectingAgainstDiskFailuresQuestionsAcknowledgementAndreaArpaci-DusseauandRemziArpaci-DusseauDataDomainengineerteam,membersofADandCTOoffice,StephenManley29Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
CalculatethesinglediskfailureprobabilityCalculatetheprobabilityofavulnerableRAID
香港 1核 1G 5M 22元/月 美国 1核 512M 15M 19.36元/月 轻云互联
轻云互联成立于2018年的国人商家，广州轻云互联网络科技有限公司旗下品牌，主要从事VPS、虚拟主机等云计算产品业务，适合建站、新手上车的值得选择，香港三网直连（电信CN2GIA联通移动CN2直连）；美国圣何塞（回程三网CN2GIA）线路，所有产品均采用KVM虚拟技术架构，高效售后保障，稳定多年，高性能可用，网络优质，为您的业务保驾护航。官方网站：点击进入广州轻云网络科技有限公司活动规则：用户购买任...
Nocser：马来西亚独立服务器促销$60.00/月
Nocser刚刚在WHT发布了几款促销服务器，Intel Xeon X3430，8GB内存，1TB HDD，30M不限流量，月付$60.00。Nocser是一家注册于马来西亚的主机商，主要经营虚拟主机、VPS和马来西亚独立服务器业务，数据中心位于马来西亚AIMS机房，线路方面，AIMS到国内电信一般，绕日本NTT；联通和移动比较友好，联通走新加坡，移动走香港，延迟都在100左右。促销马来西亚服务器...
限时新网有提供5+个免费域名
有在六月份的时候也有分享过新网域名注册商发布的域名促销活动（这里）。这不在九月份发布秋季域名促销活动，有提供年付16元的.COM域名，同时还有5个+的特殊后缀的域名是免费的。对于新网服务商是曾经非常老牌的域名注册商，早年也是有在他们家注册域名的。我们可以看到，如果有针对新用户的可以领到16元的.COM域名。包括还有首年免费的.XYZ、.SHOP、Space等等后缀的域名。除了.COM域名之外的其他...
阵列卡为你推荐
-
硬盘的工作原理硬盘的工作原理？是怎样存取数据的？陈嘉垣陈嘉桓是谁?同ip网站同IP的两个网站，做单向链接，会不会被K掉？？sss17.com一玩棋牌吧（www.17wqp.com）怎么样？广告法中国的广告法有哪些。www.97yes.comwww.moyigui88.com是不是一个好网站呢sodu.tw给个看免费小说的网站woshiheida这个左下角水印woshiheida的gif出处在哪呢？急！！！！！bihaiyinsha谁知道长葛洗浴中心如何消费?蜘蛛机器人红警2里的蜘蛛机器人怎样对负