Definition阵列卡
阵列卡 时间:2021-03-28 阅读:()
1Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RAIDShield:Characterizing,Monitoring,andProactivelyProtectingAgainstDiskFailuresPresenter:AoMaAjointworkwithFredDouglis,GuanlinLu,DarrenSawyerSurendarChandra,WindsorHsu2Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
DiskfailuresarecommonplaceWhole-diskfailurePartialfailureRAIDiswidelydeployedProtectdataagainstfailureswithredundancyPervasiveRAIDProtection3Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
StoragesystemisevolvingEscalateduseoflessreliabledrivescausesmorewhole-diskfailuresIncreasingdiskcapacityresultsinmoresectorerrorsSolutionAddextraredundancy(RAID5,RAID6,…)–EnsuredatareliabilityatthecostofstorageefficiencyRAIDOverviewIsaddingextraredundancyanefficientsolution4Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Analyzed1millionSATAdisksandrevealedFailuremodesdegradingRAIDreliabilityReallocatedsectorsreflectdiskreliabilitydeteriorationDiskfailureispredictableBuiltRAIDSHIELD,anactivedefensemechanismReconstructfailingdiskbeforeit'stoolate!
PLATE:single-diskproactiveprotection–Deploymenteliminates70%ofRAIDfailuresARMOR:diskgroupproactiveprotection–RecognizevulnerableRAIDgroupsWhatWeDid5Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
BackgroundDiskfailureanalysisRAIDSHIELD:IdentifyfailureindicatorReallocatedSector(RS)characterizationSinglediskproactiveprotectionDiskgroupproactiveprotection5Outline6Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Diskfailuredoesnotfollowafail-stopmodelTheproductionsystemsstudieddefinefailureasConnectionislostAnoperationexceedsthetimeoutthresholdWritefailsWhole-diskFailureDefinition7Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
EachdiskdrivemodelisdenotedasRelativesizeswithinafamilyareorderedbythecapacitynumber–E.
g.
A-2islargerthanA-1DiskModelPopulation(Thousands)FirstDeploymentLogLength(Months)A-13406/200860A-216511/200860B-110006/200848C-19310/201036C-225312/201036D-138409/201121DiskDataCollection8Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
WhatDoRealDiskFailuresLookLike9Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
0001424462031010203040500-612-1824-3036-4248-54A-2MonthDistributionofLifetimeofFailedDrives001241534291130102030400-612-1824-3036-4248-54A-1MonthAlargefractionoffaileddrivesarefoundatasimilaragePercentage(%)Percentage(%)10Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
ThenumberofaffecteddiskskeepgrowingAbout10%ofdisksgetsectorerrorsatthe3rdyearSectorerrornumbersincreasescontinuouslyAverageerrorcountincreases25%to300%yearoveryearIncreasingFrequencyofSectorErrors11Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
DrivefailingatasimilarageFailurerateisnotconstantAhighriskofmultiplesimultaneousfailuresIncreasingfrequencyofsectorerrorsExacerbateriskofreconstructionfailuresPassiveRedundancyisInefficientEnsuringreliabilityintheworstcaserequiresaddingconsiderableextraredundancy,makingitunattractivefromacostperspective12Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
MotivationEnsuredatasafetywithminimalredundancyProactivelyrecognizeimpendingfailuresandmigratevulnerabledatainadvanceMethodologyIdentifyindicatorofimpendingfailureIndicatorcharacterizationProactiveprotectionRAIDSHIELD,TheProactiveProtection13Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
PotentialindicatorsVariousdiskerrorsCriteriaofagoodindicatorIthappensmuchmorefrequentlyonfaileddisksratherthanworkingdisksApproachQuantifythediscriminationbetweenerrorvalueonfaileddisksandworkingones–DecilescomparisonisusedIdentifyFailureIndicator14Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
FaileddiskshavemoremediaerrorsthanworkingonesThediscriminationisnotsignificantenoughMediaErrorComparison2359152232478611123471330020406080100123456789faileddiskworkingdiskDecilesA-2MediaErrorCount15Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
2238718732752281212422025000001262905001000150020002500123456789faileddiskworkingdiskA-2DecilesReallocatedSectorCountA-2DecilesRSisstronglycorrelatedwithdiskfailuresReallocatedSector(RS)Comparison16Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
MostfaileddrivestendtohavealargernumberofRSthanworkingonesRSisstronglycorrelatedwithwhole-diskfailures,followedbymediaerrors,pendingsectorerrorsanduncorrectablesectorerrorsCorrelationBetweenSectorErrorsAndWhole-diskFailureRSisastrongindicatorofimpendingdiskfailure17Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
LargerRScountimplieshigherfailurerateintwo-monthwindowDiskFailureRateGivenDifferentRSCount1.
767758083858689909091929393949502040608010004080120160200240280320360400440480520560600DiskFailureRate(%)RScountA-2RSCharacterization(1)18Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
LargerRScount,fastertofail10%25%median75%90%RSCountTimeMargin(Days)DiskFailureTimeGivenDifferentRSCountRSCharacterization(2)19Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RScountindicatesthedegreeofdiskreliabilitydeteriorationUsetheRScounttopredictimpendingdiskfailureinadvancePLATE:SingleDiskProactiveProtection20Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
70.
166.
66461.
859.
952.
14742.
63936.
94.
52.
82.
11.
71.
40.
80.
70.
40.
30.
27010203040506070809010020406080100200300400500600failurespredictedfalsepositivePercentage(%)BoththepredictedfailureandfalsepositiveratesdecreaseasthethresholdincreasesSimulationResult:FailuresCapturedRateGivenDifferentRSThresholdRSthreshold21Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
551515801070020406080100WithoutProactiveProtectionWithProactiveProtectionHardwareFailuresOthersTripleFailuresEliminatedTripleFailuresSingleproactiveprotectionreducesabout70%ofRAIDfailures,equivalentto88%ofthetriple-diskfailuresPLATEDeploymentResult:CausesofRecoveryIncidentsPercentage(%)22Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
10%remainingtriplefailuresPLATEmissesRAIDfailurescausedbymultiplelessreliabledrives,whoseRScountshaven'texceedthethresholdTriagePrioritizediskgroupswithhighestriskMotivationofARMOR:TheRAIDGroupProactiveProtection23Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
1-11-21-31-42-12-22-32-43-13-23-33-44-14-24-34-4XXXXThreatofFailureImminentFailureGoodDiskHealthyDG1ImminentFailureofDG2ProtectedDG3PossibleFailureofDG4Singlediskprotection:Replace2-3,2-4,3-4(PLATE)Can'tidentifyDG4northedifferencebetweenDG2andDG3Groupprotection:ReplaceDG4orincreaseredundancy(ARMOR)ProtectDG4andrecognizethedifferencebetweenDG2andDG3DiskGroupProtectionExample24Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
CalculatethesinglediskfailureprobabilityConditionalprobabilitythroughBayesTheoremCalculatetheprobabilityofavulnerableRAIDCombinationofthosesinglediskprobabilitiesthroughjointprobabilityARMORMethodology25Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
ThediscriminationshowsARMORiseffectivetorecognizeendangeredDGsInpractice,itidentifiesmostDGfailuresthatarenotpredictedbyPLATEProbabilityDecilesdistributionEvaluation0.
250.
330.
390.
440.
460.
50.
630.
730.
930.
150.
20.
230.
250.
270.
280.
30.
310.
3200.
20.
40.
60.
81123456789GroupswithmorethanonefailureGroupswithoutfailure26Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
GooglereportsSMARTmetricssuchasreallocatedsectorstronglysuggestanimpendingfailure,buttheyalsodeterminethathalfofthefaileddisksshownosucherrors[Pinheiro'07]DifferentworkloadandRAIDrewriteDiskfailurepredictionAveragemaximumlatency[Goldszmidt'12]SMARTfailureprediction[Murray'05,Hughes'02]RelatedWork27Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Weanalyzed1millionSATAdrivesObservefailuremodesdegradingRAIDreliabilityRevealRScountreflectsthediskreliabilitydeteriorationDiskfailureispredictableWebuiltRAIDSHIELD,anactivedefensemechanismPLATE:singlediskproactiveprotection–Deploymenteliminates70%ofRAIDfailuresARMOR:diskgroupproactiveprotection–RecognizevulnerableRAIDgroups–HopetodeployinfutureIsaddingextraredundancyanefficientsolutionUseasmuchredundancyasneededtoensureavailabilityProactivereplacementshoulddecreasethelevelneededSummary28Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RAIDShield:Characterizing,Monitoring,andProactivelyProtectingAgainstDiskFailuresQuestionsAcknowledgementAndreaArpaci-DusseauandRemziArpaci-DusseauDataDomainengineerteam,membersofADandCTOoffice,StephenManley29Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
CalculatethesinglediskfailureprobabilityCalculatetheprobabilityofavulnerableRAID
Allrightsreserved.
RAIDShield:Characterizing,Monitoring,andProactivelyProtectingAgainstDiskFailuresPresenter:AoMaAjointworkwithFredDouglis,GuanlinLu,DarrenSawyerSurendarChandra,WindsorHsu2Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
DiskfailuresarecommonplaceWhole-diskfailurePartialfailureRAIDiswidelydeployedProtectdataagainstfailureswithredundancyPervasiveRAIDProtection3Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
StoragesystemisevolvingEscalateduseoflessreliabledrivescausesmorewhole-diskfailuresIncreasingdiskcapacityresultsinmoresectorerrorsSolutionAddextraredundancy(RAID5,RAID6,…)–EnsuredatareliabilityatthecostofstorageefficiencyRAIDOverviewIsaddingextraredundancyanefficientsolution4Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Analyzed1millionSATAdisksandrevealedFailuremodesdegradingRAIDreliabilityReallocatedsectorsreflectdiskreliabilitydeteriorationDiskfailureispredictableBuiltRAIDSHIELD,anactivedefensemechanismReconstructfailingdiskbeforeit'stoolate!
PLATE:single-diskproactiveprotection–Deploymenteliminates70%ofRAIDfailuresARMOR:diskgroupproactiveprotection–RecognizevulnerableRAIDgroupsWhatWeDid5Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
BackgroundDiskfailureanalysisRAIDSHIELD:IdentifyfailureindicatorReallocatedSector(RS)characterizationSinglediskproactiveprotectionDiskgroupproactiveprotection5Outline6Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Diskfailuredoesnotfollowafail-stopmodelTheproductionsystemsstudieddefinefailureasConnectionislostAnoperationexceedsthetimeoutthresholdWritefailsWhole-diskFailureDefinition7Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
EachdiskdrivemodelisdenotedasRelativesizeswithinafamilyareorderedbythecapacitynumber–E.
g.
A-2islargerthanA-1DiskModelPopulation(Thousands)FirstDeploymentLogLength(Months)A-13406/200860A-216511/200860B-110006/200848C-19310/201036C-225312/201036D-138409/201121DiskDataCollection8Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
WhatDoRealDiskFailuresLookLike9Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
0001424462031010203040500-612-1824-3036-4248-54A-2MonthDistributionofLifetimeofFailedDrives001241534291130102030400-612-1824-3036-4248-54A-1MonthAlargefractionoffaileddrivesarefoundatasimilaragePercentage(%)Percentage(%)10Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
ThenumberofaffecteddiskskeepgrowingAbout10%ofdisksgetsectorerrorsatthe3rdyearSectorerrornumbersincreasescontinuouslyAverageerrorcountincreases25%to300%yearoveryearIncreasingFrequencyofSectorErrors11Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
DrivefailingatasimilarageFailurerateisnotconstantAhighriskofmultiplesimultaneousfailuresIncreasingfrequencyofsectorerrorsExacerbateriskofreconstructionfailuresPassiveRedundancyisInefficientEnsuringreliabilityintheworstcaserequiresaddingconsiderableextraredundancy,makingitunattractivefromacostperspective12Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
MotivationEnsuredatasafetywithminimalredundancyProactivelyrecognizeimpendingfailuresandmigratevulnerabledatainadvanceMethodologyIdentifyindicatorofimpendingfailureIndicatorcharacterizationProactiveprotectionRAIDSHIELD,TheProactiveProtection13Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
PotentialindicatorsVariousdiskerrorsCriteriaofagoodindicatorIthappensmuchmorefrequentlyonfaileddisksratherthanworkingdisksApproachQuantifythediscriminationbetweenerrorvalueonfaileddisksandworkingones–DecilescomparisonisusedIdentifyFailureIndicator14Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
FaileddiskshavemoremediaerrorsthanworkingonesThediscriminationisnotsignificantenoughMediaErrorComparison2359152232478611123471330020406080100123456789faileddiskworkingdiskDecilesA-2MediaErrorCount15Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
2238718732752281212422025000001262905001000150020002500123456789faileddiskworkingdiskA-2DecilesReallocatedSectorCountA-2DecilesRSisstronglycorrelatedwithdiskfailuresReallocatedSector(RS)Comparison16Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
MostfaileddrivestendtohavealargernumberofRSthanworkingonesRSisstronglycorrelatedwithwhole-diskfailures,followedbymediaerrors,pendingsectorerrorsanduncorrectablesectorerrorsCorrelationBetweenSectorErrorsAndWhole-diskFailureRSisastrongindicatorofimpendingdiskfailure17Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
LargerRScountimplieshigherfailurerateintwo-monthwindowDiskFailureRateGivenDifferentRSCount1.
767758083858689909091929393949502040608010004080120160200240280320360400440480520560600DiskFailureRate(%)RScountA-2RSCharacterization(1)18Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
LargerRScount,fastertofail10%25%median75%90%RSCountTimeMargin(Days)DiskFailureTimeGivenDifferentRSCountRSCharacterization(2)19Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RScountindicatesthedegreeofdiskreliabilitydeteriorationUsetheRScounttopredictimpendingdiskfailureinadvancePLATE:SingleDiskProactiveProtection20Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
70.
166.
66461.
859.
952.
14742.
63936.
94.
52.
82.
11.
71.
40.
80.
70.
40.
30.
27010203040506070809010020406080100200300400500600failurespredictedfalsepositivePercentage(%)BoththepredictedfailureandfalsepositiveratesdecreaseasthethresholdincreasesSimulationResult:FailuresCapturedRateGivenDifferentRSThresholdRSthreshold21Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
551515801070020406080100WithoutProactiveProtectionWithProactiveProtectionHardwareFailuresOthersTripleFailuresEliminatedTripleFailuresSingleproactiveprotectionreducesabout70%ofRAIDfailures,equivalentto88%ofthetriple-diskfailuresPLATEDeploymentResult:CausesofRecoveryIncidentsPercentage(%)22Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
10%remainingtriplefailuresPLATEmissesRAIDfailurescausedbymultiplelessreliabledrives,whoseRScountshaven'texceedthethresholdTriagePrioritizediskgroupswithhighestriskMotivationofARMOR:TheRAIDGroupProactiveProtection23Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
1-11-21-31-42-12-22-32-43-13-23-33-44-14-24-34-4XXXXThreatofFailureImminentFailureGoodDiskHealthyDG1ImminentFailureofDG2ProtectedDG3PossibleFailureofDG4Singlediskprotection:Replace2-3,2-4,3-4(PLATE)Can'tidentifyDG4northedifferencebetweenDG2andDG3Groupprotection:ReplaceDG4orincreaseredundancy(ARMOR)ProtectDG4andrecognizethedifferencebetweenDG2andDG3DiskGroupProtectionExample24Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
CalculatethesinglediskfailureprobabilityConditionalprobabilitythroughBayesTheoremCalculatetheprobabilityofavulnerableRAIDCombinationofthosesinglediskprobabilitiesthroughjointprobabilityARMORMethodology25Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
ThediscriminationshowsARMORiseffectivetorecognizeendangeredDGsInpractice,itidentifiesmostDGfailuresthatarenotpredictedbyPLATEProbabilityDecilesdistributionEvaluation0.
250.
330.
390.
440.
460.
50.
630.
730.
930.
150.
20.
230.
250.
270.
280.
30.
310.
3200.
20.
40.
60.
81123456789GroupswithmorethanonefailureGroupswithoutfailure26Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
GooglereportsSMARTmetricssuchasreallocatedsectorstronglysuggestanimpendingfailure,buttheyalsodeterminethathalfofthefaileddisksshownosucherrors[Pinheiro'07]DifferentworkloadandRAIDrewriteDiskfailurepredictionAveragemaximumlatency[Goldszmidt'12]SMARTfailureprediction[Murray'05,Hughes'02]RelatedWork27Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
Weanalyzed1millionSATAdrivesObservefailuremodesdegradingRAIDreliabilityRevealRScountreflectsthediskreliabilitydeteriorationDiskfailureispredictableWebuiltRAIDSHIELD,anactivedefensemechanismPLATE:singlediskproactiveprotection–Deploymenteliminates70%ofRAIDfailuresARMOR:diskgroupproactiveprotection–RecognizevulnerableRAIDgroups–HopetodeployinfutureIsaddingextraredundancyanefficientsolutionUseasmuchredundancyasneededtoensureavailabilityProactivereplacementshoulddecreasethelevelneededSummary28Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
RAIDShield:Characterizing,Monitoring,andProactivelyProtectingAgainstDiskFailuresQuestionsAcknowledgementAndreaArpaci-DusseauandRemziArpaci-DusseauDataDomainengineerteam,membersofADandCTOoffice,StephenManley29Copyright2015EMCCorporation.
Allrightsreserved.
CalculatethesinglediskfailureprobabilityCalculatetheprobabilityofavulnerableRAID
TNAHosting（$5/月）4核/12GB/500GB/15TB/芝加哥机房
TNAHosting是一家成立于2012年的国外主机商，提供VPS主机及独立服务器租用等业务，其中VPS主机基于OpenVZ和KVM架构，数据中心在美国芝加哥机房。目前，商家在LET推出芝加哥机房大硬盘高配VPS套餐，再次刷新了价格底线，基于OpenVZ架构，12GB内存，500GB大硬盘，支持月付仅5美元起。下面列出这款VPS主机配置信息。CPU：4 cores内存：12GB硬盘：500GB月流...
随风云-内蒙古三线BGP 2-2 5M 25/月 ，香港CN2 25/月 ，美国CERA 25/月 所有云服务器均支持5天无理由退款
公司成立于2021年，专注为用户提供低价高性能云计算产品，致力于云计算应用的易用性开发，面向全球客户提供基于云计算的IT解决方案与客户服务，拥有丰富的国内BGP、三线高防、香港等优质的IDC资源。公司一直秉承”以人为本、客户为尊、永续创新”的价值观，坚持”以微笑收获友善， 以尊重收获理解，以责任收获支持，以谦卑收获成长”的行为观向客户提供全面优质的互...
819云互联(800元/月),香港BGP E5 2650 16G,日本 E5 2650 16G
819云互联 在本月发布了一个购买香港，日本独立服务器的活动，相对之前的首月活动性价比更高，最多只能享受1个月的活动 续费价格恢复原价 是有些颇高 这次819云互联与机房是合作伙伴 本次拿到机房 活动7天内购买独立服务器后期的长期续费价格 加大力度 确实来说这次的就可以买年付或者更长时间了…本次是5个机房可供选择，独立服务器最低默认是50M带宽，不限制流量，。官网：https://ww...
阵列卡为你推荐
-
8080端口路由器如何开8080端口brandoff国际大牌包包都有哪些呐？留学生认证留学生前阶段双认证认证什么内容？杰景新特杰普特长笛JFL-511SCE是不是有纯银的唇口片？？价格怎样？？www.qq530.com谁能给我一个听歌的网站？网站检测请问，对网站进行监控检测的工具有哪些？www.03ggg.comwww.tvb33.com这里好像有中国性戏观看吧??广告法有那些广告法？还有广告那些广告词？ww.66bobo.com这个www.中国应急救援网.com查询证件是真是假？hao.rising.cn我一打开网页就是瑞星安全网站导航，怎么修改？