虚拟机软件虚拟化
软件虚拟化 时间:2021-03-27 阅读:(
)
H3CCASGPU直通配置指导书Copyright2014杭州华三通信技术有限公司版权所有,保留一切权利.
非经本公司书面许可,任何单位和个人不得擅自摘抄、复制本文档内容的部分或全部,并不得以任何形式传播.
本文档中的信息可能变动,恕不另行通知.
i目录1简介·······························································································································12配置前提·························································································································13组网需求·························································································································14配置环境·························································································································24.
1服务器·························································································································24.
2软件···························································································································25配置步骤·························································································································25.
1服务器配置···················································································································25.
2虚拟机配置···················································································································45.
3GPU直通配置··············································································································55.
4远程连接配置··············································································································105.
5视频流畅度验证···········································································································126FAQ·····························································································································146.
1为什么GPU直通后虚拟机无法启动··············································································146.
1.
1问题现象···········································································································146.
1.
2问题可能原因·····································································································156.
1.
3问题解决方法·····································································································156.
2为什么GPU直通后无法使用VNC访问虚拟机································································156.
2.
1问题现象···········································································································156.
2.
2问题可能原因·····································································································166.
2.
3问题解决方法·····································································································166.
3为什么通过HPRGSReceiver连接HPRGSSender失败·················································166.
3.
1问题现象···········································································································166.
3.
2问题可能原因·····································································································166.
3.
3问题解决方法·····································································································166.
4为什么WindowsXPSP3中运行HPRGSReceiverv7.
0时提示出错···································176.
4.
1问题现象···········································································································176.
4.
2问题可能原因·····································································································176.
4.
3问题解决方法·····································································································1811简介本文档介绍H3CCASGPU直通的配置方法和操作步骤.
GPU(GraphicalProcessingUnit,图形处理单元)是广泛应用于广电行业和艺术设计行业的一种图形硬件加速设备,例如,电视台非编系统、2D/3D制图和动画设计等,都需要利用GPU显卡在图形计算时强大的浮点运算和并行运算能力.
GPU直通技术通过VT-d技术,将物理GPU透传给某一个虚拟机,使虚拟机能够完全拥有物理GPU的资源与性能,满足行业用户对应用系统的性能要求.
需要注意的是,GPU直通技术并不是GPU软件虚拟化技术,GPU软件虚拟化技术采用图形命令重定向架构,在虚拟机的虚拟GPU驱动中截获图形命令调用,并转发到主机端,在主机端的物理GPU上处理图形命令,主机对多个虚拟机的图形命令管理及渲染处理,最后把渲染好的图像传回给虚拟机,达到一个GPU加速多个虚拟机的目的,实现资源共享.
2配置前提本文档中的配置均是在实验室环境下进行的配置和验证,配置前服务器和软件的所有参数均采用出厂时的缺省配置.
如果您已经对被测试对象进行了配置,为了保证配置效果,请确认现有配置和以下举例中的配置不冲突.
3组网需求验证H3CCASGPU直通的逻辑组网拓扑图如下所示.
图1H3CCASGPU直通配置逻辑组网图2组网需求总结如下:(1)服务器#1上安装型号为NvidiaQuadroK2000的GPU显卡,服务器#1上的虚拟机VM#3独享该GPU显卡.
(2)虚拟机VM#3上安装Windows7中文旗舰版操作系统(也可以是Windows8专业版操作系统),并安装HPRGSSenderv7.
0远程图形软件.
(3)本地PC机上安装HPRGSReceiverv7.
0远程图形软件,作为客户端访问虚拟机VM#3,验证1080p高清视频播放的流畅体验.
4配置环境4.
1服务器配置项说明服务器型号H3CFlexServerR390CPU2路8核,IntelXeonE5-26500@2.
00GHz内存32GB本地磁盘485.
91GB网卡4*BroadcomNetXtremeIIBCM5719GigabitEthernetGPU显卡1*NvidiaQuadroK20004.
2软件软件版本H3CCASCAS-D0205(KVMKernel3.
13.
6)WindowsWindows7中文旗舰版SP164位HPRGSRGS-WindowsSenderandReceiverv7.
0NvidiaQuadroK2000显卡驱动NvidiaQuadroWorkstationGraphicsSoftware4.
1UltraISOUltraISOPremiumEditionv9.
6.
0.
30005配置步骤5.
1服务器配置步骤1在服务器#1断电情况下,安装NvidiaQuadroK2000GPU显卡.
步骤2重新启动服务器#1,在BIOS中设置服务器内置显卡为Primary,其它显卡为Secondary.
方法是:在服务器启动过程中,按[F9]进入BIOS设置界面,依次选择->菜单,按上下箭头键调整显卡主次顺序,完成之后,按回车键保存配置,退出BIOS,重启服务器.
3图2在BIOS中设置服务器内置显卡为主显卡设备步骤3在服务器#1上安装H3CCASCVK虚拟化内核系统,使用eth0作为管理网口,管理IP地址为192.
168.
0.
32.
步骤4通过SSH客户端访问服务器#1,修改服务器启动参数,加入iommu设置后,存盘,重启服务器.
#vi/boot/grub/grub.
cfglinux/boot/vmlinuz-3.
13.
0-24-genericroot=UUID=ac5dc214-e82f-4a69-afd1-d43225cf32f6ronomodesetiommu=forceintel_iommu=on步骤5在服务器#2上安装H3CCASCVM虚拟化管理平台,使用eth0作为管理网口,管理IP地址为192.
168.
0.
202,并把服务器#1作为计算节点添加到管理平台中的集群下.
如果仅仅为测试环境,可以只使用一台服务器,同时安装CVK虚拟化内核系统和CVM虚拟化管理平台,如果为生产环境,强烈建议CVK和CVM独立分开部署,使业务与管理分离,避免业务资源与管理资源的临位干扰.
45.
2虚拟机配置步骤1在服务器#1上创建一个虚拟机,命名为"Win7x64",安装Windows7中文旗舰版操作系统.
操作系统安装完成之后,打开"设备管理器",可以看到,虚拟机使用的是H3CCASCVK模拟的VGA显卡.
请根据业务实际情况分配VM资源,本配置为验证测试环境,给虚拟机分配的vCPU为2核、内存为4GB、磁盘为30GB的Virtio类型磁盘、网卡为Virtio网卡(使用默认的网络策略模板).
图3H3CCASCVK为虚拟机分配的标准VGA显卡步骤2从HP官方网站上注册账号,下载HPRGS软件和60天试用License,目前最新版本号为v7.
0.
下载地址为:http://www.
hp.
com/go/rgs.
HPRGS(RemoteGraphicsSoftware,远程图形软件)是HP推出的一款旨在解决图形图像远程传输的软件,包括Receiver和Sender两个安装包,分别对应客户端和服务器端.
Receiver软件包免费,安装在本地PC机上,Sender与HPZ系列图形工作站捆绑销售时免费,安装在其它任何环境,都需要收取License费用.
本配置从HP官网下载了60天试用License.
5步骤3在Windows7中文旗舰版虚拟机上安装HPRGSSenderv7.
0软件后,重启虚拟机.
安装成功之后,在Windows桌面任务栏中可以看到HPRGSSender处于运行状态,随时准备监听来自HPRGSReceiver的连接.
图4HPRGSSender安装成功后在任务栏中的状态HPRGS的License分为2种:StandardLicense(F9L57AAE)和FloatingLicense(F9L51AAE),分别对应安装界面中的"Installalicensefileonthissystem"和"Acquirelicensefromalicenseserver",HP官网给出的报价分别为199美元和495美元.
同时,HP官网提供了60天使用License下载.
5.
3GPU直通配置步骤1将虚拟机关闭,通过SSH客户端登录服务器#1,修改虚拟机配置文件,设置GPU独享.
#执行"lspci|grepNVIDIA"命令,查看服务器上与NVIDIA相关的PCI设备.
root@cvknode32:~#lspci|grepNVIDIA04:00.
0VGAcompatiblecontroller:NVIDIACorporationGK107GL[QuadroK2000](reva1)04:00.
1Audiodevice:NVIDIACorporationGK107HDMIAudioController(reva1)6#执行"echo1>/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:04:00.
1/remove"命令,删除服务器上的Audio设备,然后执行"lspci|grepNVIDIA"命令,确保lspci命令行执行后,只有NVIDIA的GPU显卡.
root@cvknode32:~#echo1>/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:04:00.
1/removeroot@cvknode32:~#lspci|grepNVIDIA04:00.
0VGAcompatiblecontroller:NVIDIACorporationGK107GL[QuadroK2000](reva1)root@cvknode32:~##执行"virsheditWin7x64"命令,编辑虚拟机配置文件.
其中,"Win7x64"为虚拟机名称.
root@cvknode32:~#virsheditWin7x64#搜索标签,添加如下XML配置,其中,红色的部分对应"lspci|grepNVIDIA"命令执行结果的标红部分:#修改后的完整的虚拟机配置文件形如:Win7x6437992dad-a1a8-46f0-b482-a7c36d281105V2luN3g2NA==41943044194304300032512hvmwindowsdestroy7restartrestart/usr/bin/kvm8步骤2为透传后的GPU显卡安装驱动程序.
#启动虚拟机,在"设备管理器"中看到增加了一个显示适配器,但设备类型显示为"标准VGA图形适配器",且设备图标上有告警标志,说明没有安装正确的驱动程序.
图5GPU直通后在虚拟机中看到的显卡设备#使用UltraISOPremiumEditionv9.
6.
0.
3000工具将随机出货的NVIDIAQuadroK2000驱动程序光盘转换成ISO文件(如nvidia-driver.
iso),并上传到H3CCASCVM虚拟化管理平台的存储池中.
#在线修改虚拟机,将驱动程序ISO文件挂载到虚拟机的光驱中.
9图6为虚拟机挂载NVIDIAQuadroK2000显卡驱动程序#在虚拟机上安装NVIDIAQuadroK2000GPU显卡驱动程序,安装完成之后,重新启动虚拟机.
图7为虚拟机安装NVIDIAQuadroK2000显卡驱动程序105.
4远程连接配置步骤1在本地PC机上通过HPRGSReceiverv7.
0连接虚拟机上的HPRGSSenderv7.
0.
#在本地PC机上安装HPRGSReceiverv7.
0软件.
#运行HPRGSReceiverv7.
0软件,输入虚拟机的IP地址,点击按钮.
图8在客户端通过HPRGSReceiverv7.
0访问虚拟机#如果虚拟机没有开启远程连接功能,则RGSSender要求RGSReceiver输入有效的登录账号和密码.
图9RGSSender要求RGSReceiver输入有效的登录账号和密码#因为验证测试环境位于私有局域网,无法连接Internet,因此,RGS禁用了一些高级功能,但这并不影响本配置的验证测试,点击继续.
11图10没有Internet连接时HPRGS将禁用部分高级功能#连接成功之后的远程操作系统界面显示如下.
图11HPRGS远程连接成功后的操作系统界面125.
5视频流畅度验证结论:使用HPRGS默认的65%图像质量,全屏观看本地视频时的流畅度与体验感比RDP明显要好,但还是与本地PC机播放有一定的差距.
在实际使用时,建议:(1)虚拟机的屏幕分辨率不要超过1024*768;(2)网络流量带宽控制在15Mbit/s以下;(3)视频码率不要超过24帧/秒.
否则,使用HPRGS连接播放本地视频可能出现卡顿的现象.
步骤1在虚拟机上安装暴风影音2011版(Build版本:3.
11.
4.
12).
步骤2从网络分别下载一个RMVB格式的视频文件和一个FLV格式的视频文件到虚拟机本地磁盘.
步骤3电影《中国合伙人》(FLV格式)文件信息如下表所示.
视频参数值视频文件大小1.
88GB(2,025,177,088字节)分辨率1920*800采样率24.
00kHz码率2328Kbps帧速率24.
000fps#使用暴风影音全屏播放(1600*900),图像传输质量为默认的65%,播放过程中,部分桥段有轻微的顿挫感.
HPRGS显示的带宽与帧速率结果记录如下:值带宽变化范围13.
84Mbit/s~23.
44Mbit/s帧速率变化范围20~27fps#使用暴风影音全屏播放(1024*768),图像传输质量为默认的65%,播放过程中,相对比较流畅.
HPRGS显示的带宽与帧速率结果记录如下:值带宽变化范围5.
53Mbit/s~11.
81Mbit/s帧速率变化范围20~30fps13图12使用HPRGS连接播放FLV格式视频步骤4电影《幸福终点站》(RMVB格式)文件信息如下表所示.
视频参数值视频文件大小1.
51GB(1,628,918,293字节)分辨率1280*720采样率24.
00kHz码率1674Kbps帧速率24.
000fps#使用暴风影音全屏播放(1600*900),图像传输质量为默认的65%,播放过程中,部分桥段有轻微的顿挫感.
HPRGS显示的带宽与帧速率结果记录如下:值带宽变化范围18.
32Mbit/s~30.
74Mbit/s帧速率变化范围15~21fps14#使用暴风影音全屏播放(1024*768),图像传输质量为默认的65%,播放过程中,相对比较流畅.
HPRGS显示的带宽与帧速率结果记录如下:值带宽变化范围9.
36Mbit/s~22.
77Mbit/s帧速率变化范围22~25fps图13使用HPRGS连接播放RMVB格式视频6FAQ6.
1为什么GPU直通后虚拟机无法启动6.
1.
1问题现象在H3CCASCVM虚拟化管理平台中启动GPU直通后的虚拟机时,启动任务失败,任务栏提示:internalerrorUnabletoresetPCIdevice0000:04:00.
0:internalerrorActive0000:04:00.
1devicesonbuswith0000:04:00.
0,notdoingbusreset156.
1.
2问题可能原因使用GPU直通的虚拟机在启动之前,没有手工将PCI声卡删除.
6.
1.
3问题解决方法通过SSH方式登录虚拟机所在的CVK主机,在命令行下执行"echo1>/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:04:00.
1/remove"命令,删除服务器上的Audio设备,然后执行"lspci|grepNVIDIA"命令,确保lspci命令行执行后,只有NVIDIA的GPU显卡.
root@cvknode32:~#echo1>/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:04:00.
1/removeroot@cvknode32:~#lspci|grepNVIDIA04:00.
0VGAcompatiblecontroller:NVIDIACorporationGK107GL[QuadroK2000](reva1)root@cvknode32:~#6.
2为什么GPU直通后无法使用VNC访问虚拟机6.
2.
1问题现象成功实现GPU直通之后,在H3CCASCVM虚拟化平台将无法继续使用VNC访问虚拟机,具体表现为通过VNC访问虚拟机时,虚拟机显示输出一直停顿在启动界面.
图14GPU直通后虚拟机无法通过VNC访问166.
2.
2问题可能原因GPU直通之后,虚拟机显示输出由物理GPU显卡接管并透传,VNC使用的显示输出为标准VGA显卡输出,所以,VNC上无视频输出信号.
6.
2.
3问题解决方法(1)通过HPRGS协议连接虚拟机;(2)将物理显示器直接连接服务器的GPU显卡视频输出口.
6.
3为什么通过HPRGSReceiver连接HPRGSSender失败6.
3.
1问题现象在本地PC机和远端虚拟机上分别正常安装HPRGSReceiverv7.
0和HPRGSSenderv7.
0,但是,通过Receiver连接Sender时,出现如下提示信息:图15通过HPRGSReceiver连接HPRGSSender失败6.
3.
2问题可能原因提示信息提示"TheReceiverresolvedthespecifiedhostnameorIPaddress",表示Receiver和Sender之间的网络是可达的,因此,问题可能是由于服务端的Service没有启动.
6.
3.
3问题解决方法在服务端操作系统中,打开"服务",在服务列表中右键点击"RemoteGraphicsSenderService",选择命令菜单.
17图16手工启动RGS服务6.
4为什么WindowsXPSP3中运行HPRGSReceiverv7.
0时提示出错6.
4.
1问题现象在WindowsXP专业版SP3上安装HPRGSReceiverv7.
0后,运行时出现如下错误对话框:图17WindowsXP中无法执行HPRGSReceiver程序6.
4.
2问题可能原因HPRGS不支持WindowsXP系列操作系统.
从HP官方网站可以知道,HPRGS支持的操作系统列表为:Windows7ProfessionalWindows8Professional18RHELv6.
5SLED11SP36.
4.
3问题解决方法更换HPRGSReceiverv7.
0到HPRGS支持的操作系统上运行.
腾讯云轻量应用服务器又要免费升级配置了,之前已经免费升级过一次了(腾讯云轻量应用服务器套餐配置升级 轻量老用户专享免费升配!),这次在上次的基础上再次升级。也许这就是良心云吧,名不虚传。腾讯云怎么样?腾讯云好不好。腾讯云轻量应用服务器 Lighthouse 是一种易于使用和管理、适合承载轻量级业务负载的云服务器,能帮助个人和企业在云端快速构建网站、博客、电商、论坛等各类应用以及开发测试环境,并提供...
ucloud6.18推出全球大促活动,针对新老用户(个人/企业)提供云服务器促销产品,其中最低配快杰云服务器月付5元起,中国香港快杰型云服务器月付13元起,最高可购3年,有AMD/Intel系列。当然这都是针对新用户的优惠。注意,UCloud全球有31个数据中心,29条专线,覆盖五大洲,基本上你想要的都能找到。注意:以上ucloud 618优惠都是新用户专享,老用户就随便看看!点击进入:uclou...
如果我们熟悉RAKsmart商家促销活动的应该是清楚的,每个月的活动看似基本上一致。但是有一些新品或者每个月还是有一些各自的特点的。比如七月份爆款I3-2120仅30美金、V4新品上市,活动期间5折、洛杉矶+硅谷+香港+日本站群恢复销售、G口不限流量服务器比六月份折扣力度更低。RAKsmart 商家这个月依旧还是以独立服务器和站群服务器为主。当然也包括有部分的低至1.99美元的VPS主机。第一、I...
软件虚拟化为你推荐
bbs.99nets.com怎么把电脑的IP设置和路由器一个网段广告法请问违反了广告法,罚款的标准是什么ww.66bobo.com这个www.中国应急救援网.com查询证件是真是假?dadi.tv1223tv影院首页地址是什么?1223tv影院在哪里可以找到?hao.rising.cn我一打开网页就是瑞星安全网站导航,怎么修改?www.xvideos.com请问www.****.com.hk 和www.****.com.cn一样吗?鹤城勿扰齐齐哈尔电视台晴彩鹤城是哪个频道彪言彪语寻找一个电影和里面的一首歌,国产的,根据真实故事改编的校园爱情电影,里面的男主角是个屌丝但很会弹钢铂金血痕求Hp卢修斯,v大,盖特勒重生文,cp不要斯内普和邓不利多,名子和简介就行.最好是晋江的.谢谢.云鹏清维生素C、维生素E……是含片好还是胶囊好?
香港虚拟主机 国外主机 googleapps 好看的桌面背景图 web服务器架设软件 100m空间 老左正传 卡巴斯基破解版 云服务器比较 德讯 lamp架构 万网注册 国外免费云空间 攻击服务器 百度新闻源申请 神棍节 9929 vim命令 大硬盘分区 web服务器配置 更多