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PerspectivesinPragmatics,Philosophy&PsychologyVolume11Editor-in-ChiefAlessandroCapone,UniversityofMessina,ItalyConsultingEditorsKeithAllan,MonashUniversity,Melbourne,AustraliaLouiseCummings,NottinghamTrentUniversity,UKWayneA.
Davis,GeorgetownUniversity,Washington,USAIgorDouven,Paris-SorbonneUniversity,FranceYanHuang,UniversityofAuckland,NewZealandIstvanKecskes,StateUniversityofNewYorkatAlbany,USAFrancoLoPiparo,UniversityofPalermo,ItalyAntoninoPennisi,UniversityofMessina,ItalyEditorialBoardMembersNoelBurton-Roberts,UniversityofNewcastle,UKBrianButler,UniversityofNorthCarolina,Asheville,USAFeliceCimatti,UniversitàdellaCalabria,Cosenza,ItalyErosCorazza,CarletonUniversity,Ottawa,CanadaMarceloDascal,TelAvivUniversity,IsraelMichaelDevitt,GraduateCenter,CityUniversityofNewYork,USAFransvanEemeren,UniversityofAmsterdam,TheNetherlandsAlessandraFalzone,UniversityofMessina,ItalyNeilFeit,StateUniversityofNewYork,Fredonia,USAAlessandraGiorgi,Ca'FoscariUniversityofVenice,ItalyLarryHorn,YaleUniversity,NewHaven,USAKlausvonHeusinger,UniversityofStuttgart,GermanyKatarzynaJaszczolt,UniversityofCambridge,UKFerencKiefer,HungarianAcademyofSciences,Budapest,HungaryKepaKorta,ILCLI,Donostia,SpainErnestLepore,RutgersUniversity,NewBrunswick,USAStephenC.
Levinson,MaxPlanckInstituteforPsycholinguistics,Nijmegen,TheNetherlandsFabrizioMacagno,NewUniversityofLisbon,PortugalTullioDeMauro,'LaSapienza'University,Rome,ItalyJacobL.
Mey,UniversityofSouthernDenmark,Odense,DenmarkPietroPerconti,UniversityofMessina,ItalyFrancescaPiazza,UniversityofPalermo,ItalyRolandPosner,BerlinInstituteofTechnology,GermanyMarkRichard,HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,USANathanSalmon,UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,USAStephenR.
Schiffer,NewYorkUniversity,USAMichelSeymour,UniversityofMontreal,CanadaMandySimons,CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,USATimothyWilliamson,UniversityofOxford,UKAnnaWierzbicka,AustralianNationalUniversity,Canberra,AustraliaDorotaZielińska,JagiellonianUniversity,Kraków,PolandMoreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.
springer.
com/series/11797LouiseCummingsEditorResearchinClinicalPragmaticsISSN2214-3807ISSN2214-3815(electronic)PerspectivesinPragmatics,Philosophy&PsychologyISBN978-3-319-47487-8ISBN978-3-319-47489-2(eBook)DOI10.
1007/978-3-319-47489-2LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016963153SpringerInternationalPublishingAG2017Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.
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Printedonacid-freepaperThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNatureTheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAGTheregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,SwitzerlandEditorLouiseCummingsSchoolofArtsandHumanitiesNottinghamTrentUniversityNottingham,UKvPrefaceClinicalpragmaticsisstillarelativenewcomertothestudyoflanguageandcom-municationdisordersandisarecentoffshootoflinguisticpragmatics.
Yet,thisfieldhasalreadyproducedanabundanceofempiricalfindings.
Ithasalsocontributedinsignificantwaystotheclinicalmanagementofclientswithpragmaticdisordersandtotheoreticaldevelopmentsindisciplinessuchaslinguistics,psychologyandcog-nitivescience.
Sorapidhasbeenthegrowthofthisareaofstudythatitisnowtherighttimetotakeastepbackandassesswhathasbeenachieved.
Anassessmentofthestateoftheartinclinicalpragmaticsliesattheheartofthisvolume.
Butanotherequallyimportantpurposehasmotivatedtheproductionofthisbook.
Thatpurposeistocharttheroadaheadforclinicalpragmaticresearchers.
Withsomanynewfind-ingsandideastoconsider,itiseasytooverlookwhatstillneedstobeachieved.
Itisimportantforthemanychildrenandadultswhohavepragmaticdisordersthatclini-ciansandresearchersalsolookforwardtonewareasofexploration.
Thefive-partstructureofthisvolumereflectsthefullscopeofinquirythathasbeenconductedwithinclinicalpragmatics.
Thefirsttwosectionsondevelopmentalpragmaticdisordersandacquiredpragmaticdisordersincludechaptersonthepragmaticfeaturesofarangeofclinicalpopulations.
Someofthesepopulations(e.
g.
autismspectrumdisorderandschizophrenia)havebeenextensivelyinvesti-gatedtodate,althoughthereisstillmuchworktobedone.
Otherpopulations(e.
g.
cerebralpalsyandnon-Alzheimerdementias)areonlybeginningtoreceivetheattentionofinvestigators.
Thechoiceoftheterm'pragmaticfeatures'isintendedtoreflectthefactthatalongsidetheoftensignificantpragmaticimpairmentsintheseclientpopulations,therearealsoconsiderableareasofpreservedpragmaticskill.
Thisisoftenoverlookedinthesearchfordeficits.
Intactpragmaticabilitiescanoftenbeharnessedduringinterventionandaregiventheprominencetheydeserveinthechaptersinthesesections.
Thesechaptersalsoincludeconversationalandotherdatathatillustratethepragmaticskillsanddeficitsofclients.
Inordertounderstandfullypragmaticbehaviours,bothskillsanddeficits,readersmust'see'howtheymanifestinconversationandotherformsofdiscourseaswellasreaddescriptionsofthesebehaviours.
viThesectiononpragmaticdisordersinotherpopulationsrecognizesthatthereisagrowingliteratureon,andawarenessof,pragmaticdisordersinclientswhohavenottraditionallybeeninreceiptofclinicallanguageservicesfortheremediationofpragmatics.
Thisincludeschildrenandadultswhohavesensorydeficitssuchashearinglossandvisualimpairment.
Evidenceindicatesthatyoungchildrenwhoaredeaforhardofhearingaresignificantlyolderthantheirhearingpeerswhentheydemonstratemanycomplexlanguageskills.
Thereisalsoagrowingbodyofresearchthatpragmaticlanguagepresentsagreaterchallengeforchildrenwithvisualimpair-ment.
Fluencydisorderssuchasstutteringandclutteringcreatetheirownchallengesforpragmaticlanguageskills.
Pragmaticdeficitsareafeatureofseveraldisorders(e.
g.
ADHD)thatco-occurwithfluencydisorders.
Fluencydisordersmayalsohaveanegativeimpactonsocialinteractionandpragmatics.
Eachofthesedisordersmustmovefromapositionofrelativeobscurityinclinicalpragmaticstoassumegreaterprominenceinthediscussionsofcliniciansandresearchers.
Thesectiononmanagementofpragmaticdisordersexaminestheproliferationoftechniquesandapproachestoassessmentandinterventionthathasoccurredinrecentyears.
Intermsofassessment,pragmaticlanguageskillsinchildrenandadultsmaybeevaluatedbymeansofchecklists,standardizedtests,self-reportmea-suresandapproachessuchasconversationanalysisanddiscourseanalysis.
Thechoiceofmethodofassessmentmustbeguidedbyarangeofconsiderations,onlysomeofwhicharerelatedtoattributesoftheclientsuchaschronologicalageanddevelopmentallevel.
Interventionsareequallywide-ranginginnatureandmaytar-getbehavioursofcommunicationpartnersaswellasclients.
Thechaptersinthissectionguidereadersthroughthecomplexconsiderationswhichcliniciansmustaddressinordertomanageclientswithpragmaticdisorders.
Thefinalsectioninthevolumeonrecentdevelopmentsinpragmaticdisordersaddressesaspectsofpragmaticdisorderswhichdonotoftenappearcentrestage.
Thepsychosocialaspectsofpragmaticdisordershavebeenlargelysubordinatedtoarangeofotherconcerns,eventhoughthemitigationofthepsychologicaldistressandimpairmentsofsocialfunctioningthatarecausedbythesedisordersshouldbeattheforefrontofeverythingcliniciansandresearchersdo.
Thecognitiveandneuralaspectsofpragmaticdisordersaremoreoftenaddressedinthecognitiveandneuro-scienceseventhoughtheyhavecentralrelevancetoanexplanationofthesedisor-ders.
Itishopedthatbyfeaturingtheseaspectsofpragmaticdisordersinadedicatedsectionofthevolume,somemuchneededemphasiswillbeachieved.
Lastly,thisvolumehasonlybeenpossiblebecauseofthecombinedeffortsofawiderangeofexpertclinicians,researchersandscholars.
Collectively,theauthorsofthesechaptersembodyawealthofclinicalknowledgeandexperienceintheareaofclinicalpragmatics.
Eachismotivatedbyaconcerntobetterunderstand,andimprovethelivesof,childrenandadultswithpragmaticdisorders.
Theirenthusiasminthisquest,Ibelieve,isevidentineverypageofthisvolume.
Ihopereaderswillagree.
Formypart,IknowIhavegrownasaclinicalpragmatistfromtheexperienceofworkingwiththeseauthors.
Nottingham,UKLouiseCummingsPrefaceviiAcknowledgementsIwishtoacknowledgeJolandaVoogd(seniorpublishingeditor,LanguageEducationandLinguistics,Springer)andAlessandroCaponefortheirpositiveresponsetotheproposalofabookintheareaofclinicalpragmatics.
ItwasAlessandrowhourgedmetocontributethisvolumetohisseriesPerspectivesinPragmatics,Philosophy&Psychology.
Iamgratefultohimforencouragingmetobringthiscollectionofpaperstogether.
IwouldalsoliketoacknowledgeHelenvanderStelt(assistanteditor,LanguageEducationandLinguistics,Springer)forherassistanceatvariousstepsthroughoutthisproject.
GratitudeisextendedtoJudithHeaneywhoworkedonthepreparationofthefinalmanuscript.
Herattentiontodetailistrulyvalued.
Finally,Ihavebeensupportedinthisendeavourbyfamilymembersandfriendswhoaretoonumeroustomentionindividually.
Iamgratefultothemfortheirkindwordsofencouragementduringmymanymonthsofediting.
ixContentsPartIDevelopmentalPragmaticDisorders1PragmaticDevelopment.
3GabriellaAirenti2PragmaticLanguageImpairment.
29MiekeP.
KetelaarsandMaritteT.
J.
A.
Embrechts3AutismSpectrumDisorder.
59JoanneVolden4AttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder.
85SoileLoukusa5IntellectualDisability.
109GaryE.
Martin,MichelleLee,andMollyLosh6ChildhoodBrainTumour.
131KimberleyDocking,PhilippePaquier,andAngelaMorgan7CerebralPalsy.
165StéphanieCailliesPartIIAcquiredPragmaticDisorders8DisruptionofPragmaticsinAdulthood.
181CarolineJagoe9Aphasias.
211GloriaStreitOlnessandHannaK.
Ulatowska10Right-HemispherePragmaticDisorders.
243MargaretLehmanBlakex11Schizophrenia.
267FrancescaM.
BoscoandAlbertoParola12TraumaticBrainInjury.
291LynS.
TurkstraandAdamM.
Politis13Alzheimer'sDementia.
323JacquelineGuendouziandMeghanSavage14Non-AlzheimerDementias.
347AngelaRoberts,MarieSavundranayagam,andJ.
B.
Orange15Parkinson'sDiseaseWithoutDementia.
379ThomasHoltgravesandMagdaGiordanoPartIIIPragmaticDisordersinOtherPopulations16HearingLossandCochlearImplantation.
411LouisePaatsch,DianneToe,andAmeliaChurch17CongenitalVisualImpairment.
441RebeccaGreenawayandNaomiJ.
Dale18StutteringandCluttering.
471KathleenScalerScottPartIVManagementofPragmaticDisorders19PragmaticAssessmentandInterventioninChildren.
493YvetteD.
Hyter20PragmaticAssessmentandInterventioninAdults.
527CharlottaSaldertPartVRecentDevelopmentsinPragmaticDisorders21NeuralAspectsofPragmaticDisorders.
561BrigitteStemmer22CognitiveAspectsofPragmaticDisorders.
587LouiseCummings23PsychosocialAspectsofPragmaticDisorders.
617PamelaSnowandJacintaDouglasContentsxiAbouttheAuthorsGabriellaAirentiisassociateprofessorofdevelopmentalpsychologyattheUniversityofTurin,wheresheisoneofthefoundersoftheCenterforCognitiveScienceandamemberofthescientificboardoftheCenterforLogic,Language,andCognition.
ShehasbeenavisitingscholaratKing'sCollege,Cambridge(1990);invitedprofessorattheEcoleNormaleSupérieure,Paris(1999);andinvitedresearcherattheInstituteofAdvancedStudiesofParis(2010).
SheisthecurrentpresidentoftheItalianCognitiveScienceAssociation(AISC).
Sheworksontheacquisitionofpragmaticabilitiesandtheoryofmind.
MargaretLehmanBlakePhD,CCC-SLP,isanassociateprofessorintheDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisordersattheUniversityofHouston.
SheservedasthepresidentoftheAcademyofNeurologicCommunicationDisordersandSciences(ANCDS)in2014.
Herresearchfocusesoncognitive-communicationdisordersafterrighthemispherebraindamage(RHD)andmildtraumaticbraininjury.
Herworkincludesbasicresearchonunderlyingdeficitsandtreatmentstud-ies.
ShehasauthorednumerousarticlesandchaptersonRHDandhaspresentednationallyandinternationallyonevidence-basedpracticefordisordersassociatedwithRHDaswellasethicsforspeech-languagepathologists.
FrancescaM.
Boscoisapsychologistandclinicalpsychotherapist.
ShehasaPhDincognitivesciencefromtheUniversityofTurin.
Sheiscurrentlyanassociatepro-fessorofpsychologyofcommunicationattheDepartmentofPsychologyattheUniversityofTurin,amemberoftheCenterforCognitiveScienceattheUniversityandPolytechnicofTurinandamemberoftheNeuroscienceInstituteofTurin(NIT).
AttheUniversityofTurin,sheisalsoamemberoftheteachingcouncilforthedoctorateinneuroscience.
Herstudiesareconcernedwiththedevelopmentofpragmaticability,itsdecayandrehabilitationinbrain-damagedandschizophrenicpatients,thenormaldevelopmentoftheoryofmindandtheoryofminddeficitsinpatientswithschizophrenia.
xiiStéphanieCailliesisfullprofessoratReimsUniversity,France,wheresheteachespsychology.
Sheisheadoftheuniversity'sCognition,HealthandSocialization(C2S)psychologylaboratory,wherethemainfocusisonsocialcognition.
Herresearchinterestsincludelanguagecomprehensionatthesemanticandpragmaticlevels,whichsheattemptstoconceptualizeforfalsificationindifferentpopulations,inparticulartypicalandatypicalchildren.
Recently,shehaspublishedtwopapersinResearchinDevelopmentalDisabilities:'SocialcognitioninADHD:Ironyunder-standingandrecursivetheoryofmind'and'Theoryofmindandironycomprehen-sioninchildrenwithcerebralpalsy'.
AmeliaChurchisalecturerintheMelbourneGraduateSchoolofEducationwheresheleadssubjectsinlanguageacquisitionandqualitativeresearchmethodologies.
AmeliaholdsaPhDinlinguisticsfromMonashUniversity.
ShepublishedherPhDresearchinamonographPreferenceOrganisationandPeerDisputes:HowYoungChildrenResolveConflict(Ashgate,2009)aspartoftheseriesDirectionsinEthnomethodologyandConversationAnalysis.
Morerecently,collaborationswithotherresearchershavebeenpublishedinaneditedvolumewithAmandaBatemanentitledChildren'sKnowledge-in-Interaction:StudiesinConversationAnalysis(Springer,2016).
Hercurrentresearchinterestsincludecommunicativecompetenceinearlychildhood,peerinteraction,developmentalpragmaticsandconversationanalysisininstitutionalsettings.
LouiseCummingsisProfessorofLinguisticsintheSchoolofArtsandHumanitiesatNottinghamTrentUniversityintheUK.
Sheteachesandconductsresearchinpragmaticsandclinicallinguistics.
Sheistheauthorofseveralbooks:Pragmatics:AMultidisciplinaryPerspective(EdinburghUniversityPress,2005),ClinicalLinguistics(EdinburghUniversityPress,2008),ClinicalPragmatics(CambridgeUniversityPress,2009),CommunicationDisorders(PalgraveMacmillan,2014),PragmaticDisorders(Springer,2014),TheCommunicationDisordersWorkbook(CambridgeUniversityPress,2014),PragmaticandDiscourseDisorders:AWorkbook(CambridgeUniversityPress,2015)andCaseStudiesinCommunicationDisorders(CambridgeUniversityPress,2016).
ShehasalsoeditedTheRoutledgePragmaticsEncyclopedia(Routledge,2010)andTheCambridgeHandbookofCommunicationDisorders(CambridgeUniversityPress,2014).
NaomiJ.
DalePhD,isaseniorconsultantclinicalpsychologistandpaediatricneu-ropsychologistatGreatOrmondStreetHospitalNHSFoundationTrustandaca-demicreaderinpaediatricneurodisabilityatUniversityCollegeLondonInstituteofChildHealth.
Shehasextensiveclinicalexperiencewithchildrenwithvisualimpairment,languageimpairment,autismandotherneurodevelopmentaldisordersandisthejointclinicalleadofthehospital'sDevelopmentalVisionService.
ShecarriesanextensiveresearchportfolioandleadstheDevelopmentalVisionresearchprogrammeattheInstituteofChildHealth,focussingondevelopmentalaspectsofchildhoodvisualdisorders.
AbouttheAuthorsxiiiKimberleyDockingPhD,isaspeechpathologyresearcher,teachingacademicandclinicianattheUniversityofSydney,Australia.
Herresearchhasmadeimportantcontributionstounderstandingthenatureofacquiredlanguagedisordersinneuro-logicalpopulationsofchildrenwithcancerandtraumaticbraininjury.
Inparticular,sheisinternationallyrecognisedforherworkinlanguageoutcomesinchildrenwithbraintumour.
Kimberley'sresearchcentresonchildlanguagedevelopmentandthelong-termimpactofacquiredbraininjuryinchildren,includinglongitudinalpro-cesses,recoverymechanismsandacquisitionofcognitive-communicationandlan-guagethroughoutchildhood.
JacintaDouglascurrentlyholdstheSummerFoundationChairinacquiredbraininjuryatLaTrobeUniversity,Australia.
Herqualificationsspanthedisciplinesofspeechpathology,clinicalpsychologyandneuropsychology.
Shehasextensiveresearchandclinicalexperienceintherehabilitationofadultswithacquiredbraininjury.
Herresearchcontributionisinternationallyrecognizedandhasadvancedknowledgeinthedomainsofinterpersonalcommunicationandpsychosocialfunc-tioning.
RecentpublicationsincludearticlesintheJournalofSpeech,Language,andHearingResearch,theJournalofHeadTraumaRehabilitationandtheeditedvolumeRethinkingRehabilitation:TheoryandPractice(CRCPress,2015).
MaritteT.
J.
A.
Embrechtsisaspeech-languagepathologist(SLP)whospecial-izesinpragmatics.
Atthebeginningofhercareer,herareaofexpertisewasparent-childinteractioninthestutteringfield,afterwhichherfocusshiftedtopragmaticskillsinchildrenandadultswithautism.
Inanattempttoimprovediagnosticassess-ment,shedevelopedwithcolleaguesseveralquestionnairesandtestsincludingtheNijmegenTestofPragmatics(Harcourt2005).
Currently,sheworksattheDr.
LeoKannerhuis,aspecializedexpertiseandtreatmentcentreforpeoplewithautismintheNetherlands.
MagdaGiordanoisaresearcherattheInstitutodeNeurobiología,UniversidadNacionalAutónomadeMéxico.
Thefocusofherresearchhasbeenthestudyofchangesinbehaviourasaresultofinsultorinjurytothecentralnervoussystem;thesearchforreparationstrategies,suchasneuraltransplants;andtheevaluationoftheeffectsofenvironmentaltoxicants.
Thebasalgangliaarehermodelofstudy.
Sheiscurrentlyinterestedinthepossibleparticipationofthesenucleiincognitivefunctioninhumans,inparticularintheneuralandcognitivebasisofpragmaticlanguage.
Totestthishypothesis,sheusesbehaviouralandneuroimagingtechniques.
RebeccaGreenawayPhD,isahigherspecialistclinicalpsychologistandpaediat-ricneuropsychologistwithintheWolfsonNeurodisabilityServiceatGreatOrmondStreetHospitalNHSFoundationTrust.
Shehasextensiveclinicalexperiencewithchildrenwithautismandchildrenwithvisualimpairment,aswellasotherneurode-velopmentalandlearningdisorders.
SheisaseniorclinicianintheDevelopmentalVisionService,whichspecializesinthefunctionalvisionanddevelopmentalaspectsAbouttheAuthorsxivofchildhoodvisiondisorders.
HerPhDandclinicaldoctorateresearchfocusedonchildrenwithautism.
Morerecently,shehascarriedoutresearchwithchildrenwithvisualimpairment.
JacquelineGuendouziisalinguistandprofessorofcommunicationsciencesanddisordersatSoutheasternLouisianaUniversity,USA.
Herresearchinterestsfocusonsocialinteractionandcognitivepragmaticsparticularlyinthecontextofdemen-tia.
Sheisco-authorofthebookApproachestoDiscourseinDementia(LawrenceErlbaumAssociates,2006)andcoeditorofacollectionPragmaticsinDementiaDiscourse(CambridgeScholarsPublishing,2013).
ThomasHoltgravesisprofessorofpsychologicalscienceatBallStateUniversityinMuncie,Indiana,USA.
Heconductsinterdisciplinaryresearch,supportedbytheNationalScienceFoundationandtheNationalInstitutesofHealth,intomultiplefacetsoflanguageandsocialpsychology.
HeistheeditoroftheOxfordHandbookofLanguageandSocialPsychology(OxfordUniversityPress,2014),aswellastheauthorof'SocialPsychologyandLanguage:Words,Utterances,andConversations'intheHandbookofSocialPsychology(Fiske,Gilbert&Lindzey2010;Wiley)andLanguageasSocialAction:SocialPsychologyandLanguageUse(Erlbaum,2002).
YvetteD.
HyterPhD,CCC-SLP,ASHAFellow,isaprofessorintheDepartmentofSpeech,LanguageandHearingSciencesatWesternMichiganUniversity.
Shefocusesonculturally/linguisticallyresponsiveservicesforchildrenandfamiliesandmacro-levelstructuresaffectingfullparticipationindailylife.
Asafoundingmem-beroftheSouthwestMichiganChildren'sTraumaAssessmentCenter,sheaddressessocialcommunicationofchildrenwithhistoriesofmaltreatmentandprenatalalco-holexposureanddevelopedapragmaticlanguageandsocialcommunicationassess-mentbattery.
Sheservesinleadershippositionsregardingdiversity,inclusionandglobalissuesinnationalandinternationalorganizationsandteachesastudyabroadcourseinWestAfricaabouttheconsequencesofglobalization.
CarolineJagoeisassistantprofessorintheDepartmentofClinicalSpeechandLanguageStudies,TrinityCollege,UniversityofDublin.
Sheisaclinicianandresearcherworkingintheareaofacquiredcommunicationdisorders,specificallywithaphasiaandmentalhealthdisorders,whereherfocusisonissuesofidentity,participationandwellbeing.
Theapplicationofrelevancetheorytocommunicationdisordersisafocusofherresearch.
Recentpublicationsincludeapaperentitled'Collaborativemeaning-makingindelusionaltalkasasearchformutualmanifest-ness:Arelevancetheoryapproach'intheJournalofInteractionalResearchinCommunicationDisordersandabookchapterentitled'Relevanceinthecontextofmultimodalityandaidedcommunication'inTheSilentPartnerLanguage,InteractionandAidedCommunication(J&RPress,2016).
MiekeP.
KetelaarsisanassistantprofessorintheDepartmentofClinicalChildandAdolescentStudiesatLeidenUniversity.
HermaininterestliesinchildrenandAbouttheAuthorsxvadultswithatypicalformsofautismspectrumdisorders(ASD).
DuringherPhD,shefocusedherresearchonclassificationofchildrenwithpragmaticlanguageimpairment.
Inaddition,sheworkedalongsidecolleaguesonthestandardizationoftheDutchAdaptationoftheRenfrewLanguageScales(Maklu2014).
AfterastayintheUSA,sheiscurrentlyconductingresearchonthephenotypeofwomenandgirlswithASD.
ShehaspublishedarticlesinanumberofinternationaljournalsincludingResearchinDevelopmentalDisabilitiesandtheInternationalJournalofLanguage&CommunicationDisorders.
MichelleLeeisadoctoralcandidateinclinicalpsychologyatNorthwesternUniversityFeinbergSchoolofMedicine.
UnderthedirectionofDr.
MollyLosh,herresearchfocusesondevelopingmulti-methodapproachestocharacterizingsociallanguageimpairmentsandrelatedunderlyingmechanismsinindividualswithautismspectrumdisorder,fragileXsyndromeandDownsyndrome.
Sheisalsointerestedintheassessmentandtreatmentofindividualswithdevelopmentaldisorders.
MollyLoshPhD,istheJoAnnG.
andPeterF.
DolleChairinlearningdisabilitiesandassociateprofessorintheDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisordersatNorthwesternUniversity.
Herresearchfocusesonautismandrelatedneurodevelopmentaldisorders.
Itsspecificgoalistodefinegeneticallymeaningfultraits,andlanguageandcommunicativebehavioursinparticular,thatcanhelptodisaggregateexistingdiagnosticcategoriesintobiologicallymeaningfulconstituentfeaturesthatmaypenetratediagnosticboundariesandserveasmoretractabletar-getsforstudyandclinicalapplication.
SoileLoukusaPhD,worksasanacademyresearchfellowattheChildLanguageResearchCenter,ResearchUnitofLogopedics,FacultyofHumanities,attheUniversityofOuluinFinland.
Sheundertakesresearchonpragmaticabilitiesandsocialperceptionskillsinchildrenandadultswithautismspectrumdisorder,chil-drenwithspecificlanguageimpairmentandchildrenwithattentiondeficithyperac-tivitydisorder.
Herresearchinterestsalsofocusonthetypicaldevelopmentofpragmaticskills.
Priortohercurrentresearchposition,sheservedasauniversitylecturerinlogopedicsattheUniversityofOuluandasaspeechandlanguagethera-pistforchildrenwithdevelopmental,languageandneuropsychiatricdisorders.
GaryE.
MartinPhD,isanassistantprofessorintheDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisordersatSt.
John'sUniversityinNewYorkandanationallycerti-fiedspeech-languagepathologist.
BeforejoiningthefacultyatSt.
John'sUniversity,Dr.
MartinwasascientistattheFrankPorterGrahamChildDevelopmentInstituteattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill.
Dr.
Martin'sresearchfocusesonspeechandlanguagedevelopmentofchildrenwithfragileXsyndrome,autismspectrumdisorderandDownsyndrome,withparticularemphasisonpragmaticlan-guage,prosodyandtheoverlapoffragileXsyndromeandautism.
AbouttheAuthorsxviAngelaMorganisanassociateprofessorandspeechpathologistwithalmost20yearsofclinical-researchexperienceinherfieldofinterest.
SheisheadofdisciplineforspeechpathologyattheUniversityofMelbourne,Australia,andgroupleaderoftheNeuroscienceofSpeechresearchgroupattheMurdochChildrensResearchInstitute.
Herworkfocusesonunderstandingtheaetiologyofchildhoodspeechandlanguagedisorders,workingacrossbothacquiredandinheritedconditions.
Inpar-ticular,herresearchexaminesassociationsanddistinctionsofsubtypesofspeechandlanguagedisordersandstrivestounderstandtheneurobiologicalfactorsunder-pinningthesediagnoses.
GloriaStreitOlnessPhD,isassociateprofessorintheDepartmentofAudiologyandSpeech-LanguagePathologyattheUniversityofNorthTexas.
Sheisengagedinbasicandclinicallyappliedresearchandteachinginneurolinguisticsandreha-bilitativeneuroplasticity,withspecializedfocusondiscourse-basedcommunicativeprofilesofindividualswhohaveaphasia.
Herlinesofinquiryseektodiscernfunda-mentalpatternsofassociationanddissociationacrossdomainsofneuropathology,impairment,communicativeactivityandcommunicativeparticipationincontext.
Since2016,shehasservedasassociateeditorfortheJournalofSpeech,Language,andHearingResearch.
Shealsocollaboratesactivelyinthedevelopmentofevidence-basedintervention,supportandadvocacyforpeoplewithaphasia.
J.
B.
OrangeisprofessoranddirectorintheSchoolofCommunicationSciencesandDisordersattheUniversityofWesternOntario,Canada.
Hisresearchaddresseslanguageandcognitive-communicationdisordersofadultsandolderadults.
Hisstudieshaveaspecialemphasisondiscourse,conversationandcommunicationofindividualswithvariousformsofdementiaandtheirfamilycaregivers.
Currentresearchprojectsincludetheanalysesoflanguage,discourseandconversationofindividualswithAlzheimer'sdisease,aphasia,frontotemporallobedementia,Parkinson'sdiseaseandamyotrophiclateralsclerosis.
Otherongoingstudiesincludecommunicationenhancementeducationandtrainingprogrammesforfamilycare-giversofindividualswithdementia.
LouisePaatschistheassociateheadofschool(ResearchandResearchTraining)intheSchoolofEducationintheFacultyofArtsandEducationatDeakinUniversity.
Herbackgroundisinlanguagedevelopment,literacyanddeafeducation.
Shehasworkedinthesefieldssince1990asateacherofthedeaf,academicandresearcherattheUniversityofMelbourneandtheBionicEarInstitute,Melbourne.
Hercurrentresearchrelatestoinvestigatingchildren'spragmaticskilldevelopment,orallan-guagedevelopment,speechperceptionandspeechproduction.
Otherareasofresearchincludeinvestigatingplayandnarrativedevelopmentandliteracydevelop-mentandpedagogy.
PhilippePaquierisprofessorandheadoftheDepartmentofClinicalandCognitiveNeuropsychologyatULB-ErasmeUniversityHospital,Brussels.
Heisafullprofes-sorofpsycholinguisticsandneurolinguisticsattheVrijeUniversiteitBrussel,AbouttheAuthorsxviiBrussels,andanassociateprofessorofneurolinguisticsandaphasiologyattheUniversitéLibredeBruxelles,Brussels.
Hisprimaryresearchinterestsfocusonpaediatricneurological,cognitiveandspeech-languagedisorders,withspecialemphasisonepilepticencephalopathieswithneurocognitiveregression(continuousspikesandwavesduringslowsleep,Landau-Kleffnersyndrome);thesyndromeofcerebellarmutismandrelateddisordersinchildren;andthelong-termneurocogni-tiveoutcomeofchildhoodbraintumoursurvivors.
AlbertoParolareceivedadegreeinpsychologyfromtheUniversityofTurinin2012.
Atpresent,heisaPhDstudentinneuroscienceintheDepartmentofPsychologyoftheUniversityofTurinandamemberoftheCenterforCognitiveScience,UniversityofTurin.
Hiscurrentresearchinterestisinthefieldofneuro-pragmaticsandincludesthestudyofcognitiveprocessunderlyinglinguisticandpragmaticimpairmentinpsychiatricandneurologicaldisease.
AdamM.
PolitisisadoctoralcandidateintheDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisordersattheUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonandapredoctoralIntramuralResearchTrainingAwardFellowintheGraduatePartnershipsProgramattheNationalInstitutesofHealth.
Heisinterestedinthecognitiveneuroscienceofdyadicconversation,particularlyinindividualswithneuropsychologicalimpair-ments.
Usingasecond-personneuroscienceapproach,heseekstoidentifythebehaviouralandneuralcorrelatesoflinguisticandnonverbalcoordinationincon-versation.
Hisultimategoalistoidentifyeffectiveinterventionsforimpairmentsinsocialinteractionresultingfromtraumaticbraininjury.
AngelaRobertsistheprincipalinvestigatorfortheNorthwesternUniversityLanguageandCommunicationinAgingandNeurodegenerationResearchGroupandanassistantprofessorintheRoxelynandRichardPepperDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders.
Herresearchfocusesonlanguageandcommunicationchallengesinagingandneurodegenerativedisorders,specificallyParkinson'sdisease,amyotrophiclateralsclerosisandfrontotemporallobardegen-eration.
Herresearchseekstocharacterizethephenotypicpresentationsofcommu-nicationimpairmentsinthesedisorders,tounderstandthetheoreticalandneuralprocessesthatexplainthesedisruptionsandtousethisinformationtodevelopandtoevaluatedyad-basededucationandtherapyprogrammesthataddresstheselife-impactingimpairments.
CharlottaSaldertholdsadoctorateinlinguisticsandisanassociateprofessorofspeech-languagepathologyintheInstituteofNeuroscienceandPhysiologyattheUniversityofGothenburg.
HerresearchfocusesonpragmaticsandconversationalinteractioninrelationtostrokeandprogressivedegenerativeconditionssuchasHuntington'sdiseaseandParkinson'sdisease.
Herrecentpublicationsincludethearticles'SemantictroublesourcesandtheirrepairinconversationsaffectedbyParkinson'sdisease'intheInternationalJournalofLanguage&CommunicationAbouttheAuthorsxviiiDisorders(2014)and'Aninteraction-focusedinterventionapproachtotrainingeverydaycommunicationpartners'inAphasiology(2015).
MeghanSavagePhD,isaspeech-languagepathologistandassistantprofessorincommunicationsciencesanddisordersatSoutheasternLouisianaUniversity,USA.
Herareasofinterestincludemeasuringconversationaldiscourseandinvesti-gatingevidence-basedinterventionstoimproveconversationaloutcomesinneuro-genicpopulations.
Herrecentarticlesconcernconversationandaphasia.
MarieSavundranayagamisassistantprofessorintheSchoolofHealthStudiesattheUniversityofWesternOntario,Canada.
Herresearchfocusesonimprovingcaregivingrelationshipsthroughenhancedcommunication,identifyingwaystoenhancepersonhoodforindividualswithdementiaanduncoveringthemechanismsbywhichcaregiverinterventionsareeffective.
SheteachesintheareaofhealthandagingandisanassociateeditorfortheClinicalGerontologist.
KathleenScalerScottisassociateprofessorofspeech-languagepathologyatMisericordiaUniversityintheUSA.
Herresearchinterestsarelargelyinclutteringandatypicaldisfluencies.
SheisthecoeditorofCluttering:AHandbookofResearch,InterventionandEducation(PsychologyPress,2011)andco-authorofManagingCluttering:AComprehensiveGuidebookofActivities(Pro-Ed,Inc.
,2013),bothwithDr.
DavidWard.
Dr.
ScalerScottistheauthorofnumerouspublicationsandhasspokennationallyandinternationallyonthetopicsoffluencyandsocialpragmaticdisorders.
ShewasthefirstcoordinatoroftheInternationalClutteringAssociation.
PamelaSnowisprofessorandheadoftheSchoolofRuralHealthatLaTrobeUniversity,Australia.
Sheisbothapsychologistandspeechpathologist.
Shehaspublishedextensivelyonlanguageandpsychosocialdifficultiesexperiencedbyarangeofclinicalpopulations,mostnotablysurvivorsoftraumaticbraininjuryandadolescentswhoareadjudicatedintheyouthjusticesystem.
Herresearchalsoencompassesyoungpeopleinthechildprotectionsystem,aswellasoptimalwaysofpromotingearlyliteracyskills.
Sheisaco-authorofthevolumeTraumaticBrainInjury:RehabilitationforEverydayAdaptiveLiving(PsychologyPress,2012)andhasrecentpublicationsinarangeofpsychologyandspeech-languagepathologyjournals.
BrigitteStemmerisprofessorofneuroscienceandneuropragmaticsattheDepartmentofLinguisticsandTranslationattheUniversitédeMontréalandresearcherattheCentredeRecherche,InstitutUniversitairedeGériatriedeMontréal,UniversitédeMontréal.
SheisalsoaffiliatedtotheDepartmentofPsychologyandtheLifespanCenteratBrockUniversity,StCatharines,Canada.
SheholdsaPhDinappliedlinguisticsandhasworkedformanyyearsasaphysicianinintensivecareandneurologicalrehabilitation.
Herresearchinterestsincludeneu-rolinguistics,neuropragmaticsandsportsmedicine.
IncollaborationwithHarryA.
WhitakershehaspublishedthefirstHandbookofNeurolinguisticsin1998AbouttheAuthorsxixfollowedbytheHandbookoftheNeuroscienceofLanguagein2008.
Sheisassoci-ateeditorofBrainandCognition.
DianneToeisassociateprofessoranddeputyheadoftheSchoolofEducationintheFacultyofArtsandEducationatDeakinUniversity.
Herbackgroundisinpsychol-ogy,audiologyandeducation.
Shehasworkedinthesefieldssince1983,with27yearsasanacademicattheUniversitiesofMelbourneandNewcastleandnowDeakinUniversity.
AstrongfoundationindevelopmentalpsychologyunderpinsallofDianne'swork.
Sheisactivelyinvolvedinresearchrelatingtothedevelopmentofpragmaticlanguageskillsinchildrenwhoaredeaforhardofhearing,publishingwidelyandsharingthisworkinarangeofinternationalforums.
LynS.
TurkstraisprofessorofcommunicationsciencesanddisordersattheUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonandfacultyintheDepartmentofSurgery/DivisionofTraumaSurgeryandNeuroscienceTrainingProgram.
Shestudiescom-municationoutcomesinadolescentsandadultswithacquiredbraininjury.
ShehaspublishedinthejournalsBrainImpairmentandBrainInjuryonpragmaticcommu-nicationdisordersinadolescentsandadults,includingstudiesofinteractivecom-municationbehavioursandsocialperceptioninadultswithTBI.
Sheisalsoco-authoroftreatmentguidelinesforcommunicationdisordersafterTBIpublishedintheJournalofHeadTraumaRehabilitation.
HannaK.
UlatowskaPhD,isprofessorintheSchoolofBehavioralandBrainSciences,UniversityofTexasatDallas.
Herprimaryareaofresearchisneurolin-guistics,morespecificallyinvestigationsofdiscourseinaphasiaandaging.
Thefocusofherresearchisthecharacterizationofcommunicativecompetenceofthesepopulationsandhowitrelatestopreservationsandimpairmentsoflinguisticandcognitivefunctioning.
Shehasbeenactivelyinvolvedininvestigatingtherepresen-tationofcampexperiencesinnarrativesofelderlyconcentrationcampsurvivorsinPoland.
Morerecently,shehasbeeninvolvedininvestigationsoftestimoniesofWWIIAmericanveterans.
JoanneVoldenPhD,isaprofessorincommunicationsciencesanddisordersattheUniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,Alberta,Canada,andcodirectoroftheAutismResearchCentreattheGlenroseRehabilitationHospitalinthesamecity.
Herclini-calbackgroundinspeech-languagepathologyledtoherresearchinterestinprag-maticsandsocialcommunication.
Shehasspentthelast15yearsstudyingdevelopmentalpragmaticdisorderswithaparticularemphasisonautismspectrumdisorder.
Since2004,shehasbeenamemberofthePathwaysinASDlongitudinaldevelopmentalstudy,following400CanadianchildrendiagnosedwithASDbetween2and5yearsofage.
SignificantpublicationsfromthisstudyhavebeenpublishedinJAMAPsychiatry,theJournalofPediatricPsychology,theJournalofChildPsychologyandPsychiatry,theJournalofAutismandDevelopmentalDisordersandPaediatricsandChildHealth.
AbouttheAuthorsxxiGabriellaAirentiDepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofTurin,Turin,ItalyMargaretLehmanBlakeDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,UniversityofHouston,Houston,TX,USAFrancescaM.
BoscoDepartmentofPsychology,CenterforCognitiveScience,UniversityandPolytechnicofTurin,Turin,ItalyStéphanieCailliesC2S,UniversitédeReimsChampage-Ardenne,Reims,FranceAmeliaChurchMelbourneGraduateSchoolofEducation,UniversityofMelbourne,Melbourne,VIC,AustraliaLouiseCummingsSchoolofArtsandHumanities,NottinghamTrentUniversity,Nottingham,UKNaomiJ.
DaleNeurodisabilityService,GreatOrmondStreetHospitalforChildrenNHSFoundationTrust,London,UKUCLInstituteofChildHealth,London,UKKimberleyDockingDisciplineofSpeechPathology,UniversityofSydney,Sydney,NSW,AustraliaJacintaDouglasSchoolofAlliedHealth,LaTrobeUniversity,Melbourne,VIC,AustraliaMaritteT.
J.
A.
EmbrechtsResearchDevelopment&Innovation,Dr.
LeoKannerhuis,Doorwerth,TheNetherlandsMagdaGiordanoUniversidadNacionalAutónomadeMéxico,CampusJuriquilla,Querétaro,MéxicoRebeccaGreenawayNeurodisabilityService,GreatOrmondStreetHospitalforChildrenNHSFoundationTrust,London,UKContributorsxxiiJacquelineGuendouziDepartmentofHealthandHumanSciences,CommunicationSciencesandDisorders,SoutheasternLouisianaUniversity,Hammond,LA,USAThomasHoltgravesDepartmentofPsychologicalScience,BallStateUniversity,Muncie,IN,USAYvetteD.
HyterDepartmentofSpeech,Language&HearingSciences,WesternMichiganUniversity,Kalamazoo,MI,USACarolineJagoeDepartmentofClinicalSpeech&LanguageStudies,TrinityCollege,TheUniversityofDublin,Dublin,IrelandMiekeP.
KetelaarsClinicalChildandAdolescentStudies,LeidenUniversity,Leiden,TheNetherlandsMichelleLeeDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,NorthwesternUniversity,Evanston,IL,USAMollyLoshDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,NorthwesternUniversity,Evanston,IL,USASoileLoukusaChildLanguageResearchCenter,ResearchUnitofLogopedics,UniversityofOulu,Oulu,FinlandGaryE.
MartinDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,St.
John'sUniversity,StatenIsland,NY,USAAngelaMorganNeuroscienceofSpeechGroup,MurdochChildrensResearchInstitute,Melbourne,VC,AustraliaDepartmentofAudiologyandSpeechPathology,UniversityofMelbourne,Melbourne,VC,AustraliaGloriaStreitOlnessDepartmentofAudiologyandSpeech-LanguagePathology,UniversityofNorthTexas,Denton,TX,USAJ.
B.
OrangeSchoolofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,WesternUniversity,London,ON,CanadaLouisePaatschFacultyofArtsandEducation,DeakinUniversity,WaurnPonds,VIC,AustraliaPhilippePaquierServicedeNeuropsychologie,HpitalErasmeUniversitéLibredeBruxelles,Bruxelles,BelgiumKlinischeNeurolingustiek,VrijeUniversiteitBrussel,Brussels,BelgiumUnitofTranslationalNeurosciences,UniversiteitAntwerpen,Antwerp,BelgiumAlbertoParolaDepartmentofPsychology,CenterforCognitiveScience,UniversityandPolytechnicofTurin,Turin,ItalyContributorsxxiiiAdamM.
PolitisDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,UniversityofWisconsin-Madison,Madison,WI,USARehabilitationMedicineDepartment,NationalInstitutesofHealth,Bethesda,MD,USAAngelaRobertsRoxelynandRichardPepperDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,NorthwesternUniversity,Evanston,IL,USACharlottaSaldertDivisionofSpeech-LanguagePathology,InstituteofNeuroscienceandPhysiology,UniversityofGothenburg,Gothenburg,SwedenMeghanSavageDepartmentofHealthandHumanSciences,ProgramofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,SoutheasternLouisianaUniversity,Hammond,LA,USAMarieSavundranayagamSchoolofHealthStudies,WesternUniversity,London,ON,CanadaKathleenScalerScottDepartmentofSpeech-LanguagePathology,MisericordiaUniversity,Dallas,PA,USAPamelaSnowLaTrobeRuralHealthSchool,LaTrobeUniversity,Bendigo,VIC,AustraliaBrigitteStemmerCentredeRecherche,InsitutUniversitairedeGériatriedeMontréal(CRIUGM),UniversitédeMontréal,Montréal,CanadaDepartmentofPsychology,BrockUniversity,St.
Catherines,CanadaDianneToeFacultyofArtsandEducation,DeakinUniversity,WaurnPonds,VIC,AustraliaLynS.
TurkstraDepartmentofCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,UniversityofWisconsin-Madison,Madison,WI,USAHannaK.
UlatowskaSchoolofBehavioralandBrainSciences,CallierCenterforCommunicationDisorders,UniversityofTexas,Dallas,TX,USAJoanneVoldenCommunicationSciencesandDisorders,FacultyofRehabilitationMedicine,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,Alberta,CanadaContributors