Functionalairenti

CYBERNETICSANDSYSTEMS'86EditorialBoard:G.
BALKUSC.
A.
KULIKOWSKIR.
BRACHMANO.
LADANYIB.
BUCHBERGERG.
PASKC.
CARLSSONF.
PICHLERW.
GASPARSKIG.
PORENTAW.
HORNL.
M.
RICCIARDIK.
KELLERMAYRH.
TROSTG.
J.
KLiRCYBERNETICSANDSYSTEMS'86ProceedingsoftheEighthEuropeanMeetingonCyberneticsandSystemsResearch,organizedbytheAustrianSocietyforCyberneticStudies,heldattheUniversityofVienna,Austria,1-4April1986EditedbyROBERTTRAPPLUniversityofViennaandAustrianSocietyforCyberneticStudiesD.
ReidelPublishingCompanyAMEMBEROFTHEKLUWERACADEMICPUBLISHERSGROUPDordrecht/Boston/Lancaster/TokyoUblllIYofCongressCataloginginPublicationDataEuropeanMeetingonCyberneticsandSystemsResearch(8th:1986:UniversityofVienna)Cyberneticsandsystems'86.
Includesindex.
1.
Cyberneticll-Congresses.
2.
Systemtheory-Congresses.
3.
Systemsengineering-Congresses.
I.
Trappl,Robert.
ILOsterreich-ischeStudiengesellschaftfUrKybernetik.
IlLTitle.
Q300.
E881986001.
5386-598ISBN-13:978-94-010-8560-1e-ISBN-13:978-94-009-4634-7DOl:10.
1007/978-94-009-4634-7PublishedbyD.
ReidelPublishingCompanyP.
O.
Box17,3300AADordrecht,HollandSoldanddistributedintheU.
S.
A.
andCanadabyKluwerAcademicPublishers,190OldDerbyStreet,Hingham,MA02043,U.
S.
A.
Inallothercountries,soldanddistributedbyKluwerAcademicPublishersGroup,P.
O.
Box322,3300AHDordrecht,HollandAllRightsReserved1986byD.
ReidelPublishingCompany,Dordrecht,HollandSoftcoverreprintofthehardcover1stedition1986Nopartofthematerialprotectedbythiscopyrightnoticemaybereproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recordingorbyanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthecopyrightownerTotheMemoryofProfessorFrancisdePaulaHanika(1900-1985),ascientist,amanager,afriend.
PatronsDr.
HeinzFischer,FederalMinisterofScienceandResearchDr.
HelmutZilk,MayoroftheCityofViennaMagn.
ProfessorDr.
WilhelmHolczabek,RektoroftheUniversityofViennaChairmanProfessorDr.
RobertTrapplPresident,AustrianSocietyforCyberneticStudiesSponsorsFederalMinistryofScienceandResearchMunicipalityofViennaViennaTouristBoardProgrammeCommitteeProfessorB.
Banathy(USA)Dr.
R.
Brachman(USA)ProfessorG.
Broekstra(TheNetherlands)ProfessorC.
Carlsson(Finland)ProfessorW.
W.
Gasparski(Poland)ProfessorF.
deP.
Hanika(UK)+Dr.
W.
Horn(Austria)ProfessorN.
C.
Hu(China)ProfessorH.
Huebner(Austria)ProfessorG,J.
Klir(USA)ProfessorC.
A.
Kulikowski(USA)ProfessorH.
Maurer(Austria)Dr.
J.
G.
Miller(USA)ProfessorM.
Nowakowska(Poland)ProfessorG.
Pask(UK)ProfessorM.
Peschel(GDR)ProfessorP.
K.
M'Pherson(UK)ProfessorF.
Pichler(Austria)ProfessorW.
-D.
Rauch(FRG)Dr.
J.
Retti(Austria)ProfessorL.
M.
Ricciardi(Italy)Dr.
N.
Rozsenich(Austria)ProfessorL.
Troncale(USA)ProfessorR.
Trappl(Austria)Acad.
Ya.
Tsypkin(USSR)ProfessorS.
A.
Umpleby(USA)ProfessorR.
Vallee(France)Dr.
J.
Warfield(USA)SecretaryGeneralMag.
MichaelSchulte-DerneOrganizingCommitteeDipl.
Ing.
E.
BuchbergerDr.
W.
BuchstallerProf.
F.
deP.
Hanika+Dr.
W.
HornP.
HotkoP.
Martin+Prof.
Dr.
F.
PichlerE.
PlechlDr.
J.
RettiK.
SchmidMag.
M.
Schulte-DerneMag.
U.
StadlerProf.
Dr.
R.
TrapplDr.
H.
TrostS.
WiesbauerMag.
C:ZellerLISTOFCONTENTSPrefaceIs"CyberneticsandSystemsResearch"aSystemAScientometricAnalysisA.
Lewicka-StrzaleckaGeneralSystemsMethodologyChairperson:G.
J.
Klir(U.
S.
A.
)PhysicalCybernetics;itsElementaryLawsC.
BogdanskiFiniteDecomposableSequentialSystemsintheCategoryofSemigroupsW.
Jacak,I.
SierockiM-DMatrixandM-DTransformMethodsN.
C.
HuSubjectivePerceptionofTimeandSystemsR.
ValleeBiologicalInformationasaSystemDescriptionG.
KampisNaturalSystemsAccordingtoModernSystemsScience:ThreeDualitiesM.
E.
CarvalloAComplexityMeasureforBinaryRelationalSystemsJ.
Stok.
}osaStabilizingPartiallyObservableUncertainLinearSystemsJ.
-P.
SchellhornActiveControlofaSystembytheNewGeneralSystemLogicalTheoryG.
Resconiviixvii111927353947556371IndeterminisminSystemScienceC.
M.
Elstob79ChainModelsforGrowthProcesses/CodeTheoryM.
Peschel,W.
Mende,F.
Breitenecker87GeneralEntityStructuresforSystemAnalysisW.
Delaney,M.
P.
Roccotelli,E.
Vaccari95LinearHarmonicTranslationInvariantSystemsonFiniteNon-AbelianGroupsR.
S.
Stankovic103ModelsofDynamicalModellingunderUncertaintyR.
Pla-Lopez111ACellular-SpaceModelforStudyingWave-ParticleDualismD.
Gernert117AGeneralSystemsAnalysisofGoal-DirectedHeuristicComputationM.
K.
Weir123TotalEntropy.
AUnifiedApproachtoDiscreteEntropyandContinuousEntropyG.
Jumarie131StructuralEntropy.
ANewApproachforSystemsStructure'sAnalysisI.
Stantchev139DesigningandSystemsChairperson:W.
Gasparski(Poland)OrganizationalHealthintheSystemsAge:ARenaissanceSystemsPerspectiveW.
J.
Reckmeyer149DesignandPlanningV.
Nemeny157GeneralTheoryofDesignanditsApplicationtoDesign/Planning/inMedicineJ.
Doroszewski,W.
Gasparski165TheDevelopmentofDesignMethodologyinArchitecture,UrbanPlanningandIndustrialDesignN.
Cross173viiiMethodicalDesigninEngineering-BasisandApplicabilityW.
E.
Eder,V.
Hubka181TheCyberneticModeloftheOrganisation:AnAssessmentM.
C.
Jackson189FunctionalApproachEvolutioninOrganizationalDesigningZ.
Martyniak197System-OrientedDesigningProceduresJ.
Petr205TheStructureoftheDesignProcessW.
Tarnowski213ProceduralBuildingBlocks:TheInterfacebetweenArgumentativeDesignDiscourseandFormalEvaluationProceduresforDesignT.
Mann221AFrameworkfortheDesignofProblem-SolvingMethodologiesP.
Keys229MethodologicalPrinciplesofLargeScaleComplexEngineeringSystemsDesignT.
Basiewicz237Attribute-OrientedProjects:ConfigurationManagementFrameworkandTwoExamplesL.
Krzanik245TheFlowChartExpansionMethodoftheDesignProblemD.
MillerQueueingSystemsDesign,ControlandSimulation:TheInterrelationshipsV.
eerieAnInteractiveModelforComputerAidedDesignEducationandResearchonKnowledgeBaseofDesigners253261N.
Bayazlt267Humanity,Architecture,andConceptualisationChairperson:G.
Pask(UK)TheWayYouLookDeterminesWhatYouSeeorSelf-OrganizationinManagementandSocietyM.
U.
Ben-Eli,G.
J.
B.
Probst277CathedralsintheMind:TheArchitectureofMetaphorinUnderstandingLearningK.
ForsytheNewSocio-CyberneticFoundationsforValueSystems285A.
Cornelis293TheParadigm-ShiftfromArchitecturedInhumanitytoHumanizedArchitecturesinCorporateRealityG.
Broekstra301CyberneticsinBiologyandMedicineChairpersons:G.
Porenta(Austria)L.
M.
Ricciardi(Italy)OnSomeFreshAirinNeuralModelingJ.
M.
Mira,A.
E.
Delgado311OntheProbabilityDensitiesofanOrnstein-UhlenbeckProcesswithaReflectingBoundaryL.
Ricciardi,L.
Sacerdote319MorphogenesisandPropertiesofNeuronalModelNetworksI.
E.
Dammasch327PatternFormationinNeuralSystems:I.
Autorhythmicity,Entrainment,QuasiperiodicityandChaosinNeurochemicalSystemsP.
Erdi,G.
Barna335PatternFormationinNeuralSystems:II.
Noise-InducedSelectiveMechanismfortheOntogeneticFormationofOcularDominanceColumnsG.
Barna,P.
Erdi343SomeAspectsofModelingNeuronalInteractionsintheBasalGangliaG.
Porenta,P.
Riederer351ANewAlgorithmicApproachtoFirst-Passage-TimeProblemsA.
Buonocore,A.
G.
Nobile,L.
M.
Ricciardi359SelfdualandOtherStructuresofOptimalCyclesinNeuralNetworkBehaviourE.
Labos367SimulationofaNeuralNetworkforAdaptiveColourPerceptionN.
Ioannides,N.
Paritsis,C.
P.
Meletis375xOntheStatisticalPredictionofNIPTSDuetoIndustrialStationaryNoiseExposureL.
Li,W.
Zhou,Z.
Xie383PosttiveProtosystolicPeakofCoronaryArterialBloodFlow.
ANewIndexofEpicardialComplianceG.
Verlato,A.
Cevese,R.
Poltronieri387PlasticityoftheCellMembraneReceptors(AModel)A.
S.
Koch,R.
Nienhaus395Predator-Preyand'Evolon'-BehaviourModelledbyRandom-WalkProcessesF.
Breitenecker,M.
Peschel,W.
Mende403RepresentationofComplexOntogeneticTrajectoriesI.
Molnar,G.
Vida,E.
Labos411CouplingsbetweenMolecularandCellularLevels:SimulationofDrugActionP.
Auger,C.
Julien419PseudorandomIntervalMapsforSimulationofNormalandExoticNeuronalActivitiesE.
Nogradi,E.
Labos427TheGooreGameandDaisyworld-SubstratesforSelf-OrganizationA.
M.
Andrew435NonparametricMethodsforMeasurementofHeightGrowthD.
Rutkowska443CyberneticsofSocio-EconomicSystemsChairpersons:K.
Balkus(U.
S.
A.
)O.
Ladanyi(Austria)OptimalStabilizingandDestabilizing"Stabilization"PoliciesR.
Neck449MacrosystemoftheSocietalSelf-OrganizationK.
Balkus457PeaceasaCyberneticControlProblemF.
Breitenecker,P.
Kopacek,M.
Peschel465ProblemsintheDesignofLargeData-BasesO.
J.
Hanson473TheDevelopmentofanExperimentalDistributedDatabase.
SomePracticalExperienceM.
Flower,J.
Long,N.
Revell,M.
Shave481AddressingSocialConflictsthroughNaturalizedProgramming1.
D.
Co1e489InstitutionalReviewBoardsasComplexSystemsP.
M.
Trussell497ADirectableAshbySystemJ.
L.
England,W.
K.
Warner.
505UsingMathematicsforIntroducingSystemsThinkingtoChildrenA.
Graebe513TheArtofNegotiations:ASystemsPerspectiveA.
K.
Maitra521InformationValueAnalysisW.
L.
Gage527ModelforInterdisciplinaryCooperationintheConstructionofIndustrialPlantsbyaGroupofProducersO.
G.
Ladanyi,H.
Ladanyi533ExperienceinApplicationoftheDialecticalSystemsTheorythrough"USOMID"forMasteringofBureaucraticRelationsinanEnterpriseM.
Mulej,V.
Sauperl541TheGraduateManagementAdmissionsTest-PredictororPretenderO.
Hanson549Computer-AidedSimulationofControlProcessesinEnterprisesS.
vonKanel,G.
Schafer557Computer-AidedSystemsAnalysisandModellingofInnovationStrategiesintheFieldofFlexibleAutomationH.
-G.
Lauenroth565PresentStatusandExpectedDevelopmentsinComputerIntegratedManufactureintheSocialistCountriesF.
S.
Drechsler,A.
M.
Huska571FuzzySets-MeetingoftheEUROWorkingGroupChairperson:C.
Carlsson(Finland)xiiSemi-LatticeIsomorphismoftheExtensionsofPossibilityMeasureandtheSolutionsofFuzzyRelationEquationZ.
Wang581MaximalNumberofLowerSolutionsinFuzzyRelationEquationJ.
Drewniak585ADominanceofAlternativesforDecisionMakinginProbabilisticFuzzyEnvironmentE.
Czoga:ta591TheInformationEnergyGainasaCriterionofComparisonbetweenFuzzyInformationSystemsL.
Pardo,M.
L.
Menendez,J.
A.
Pardo599AnInteractiveMethodforMultiobjectiveNonlinearProgrammingProblemswithFuzzyParametersM.
Sakawa,H.
Yano607SystemsEngineeringforDesignAutomationChairpersons:K.
Kellermayr(Austria)F.
Pichler(Austria)MathematicalSystemsTheoryandDesignAutomationF.
R.
Pichler617S.
vstemParadigmsandDesignPracticeM.
S.
Elzas625ToolboxorCookbookTheFutureDevelopmentofStructuredSystemsMethodologiesJ.
Crinnion633ToolSupportforModelDescriptionwithSDLandSimulationD.
Hogrefe641ASystemsEngineeringOrientedFrameworkforComputerBasedDesignAutomationSystemsK.
H.
Kellermayr649ComputerAidedSystemDesignS.
Zorn657SomeExperienceswithAIMethodsinCADM.
Gams,M.
Spegel661LOBSTER-M:AMixedModeSimulatorforCADA.
Javor669xiiiComputerintheArchitect'sWorkshop-NewInternationalStyleinArchitectureJ.
K~os677ASequentialAlgorithmfortheSynthesisofTreeAutomataI.
Sierocki,W.
Jacak685MultirateAdaptiveControlforLateralDynamicsofAircraftsI.
Eiguren,P.
Esgueva,M.
deLaSen693SymbolicAlgorithmforObservingtheStatesofaClassofNonlinearSystemsM.
Luksic701CoordinationofConcurrentProcesses:AutomaticProgramSynthesisZ.
Banaszak709SomeOptimizationMethodsforExperimentalInvestigationDialogueSystemsA.
Arakelian717MethodologicalImprovementsandNewApplicationsofExpertSystemsChairpersons:W.
Horn(Austria)C.
A.
Kulikowski(U.
S.
A.
)HastheTimeComeforaMedicalExpertSystemtoGoDownintheBullring:TheTropicaidExperimentB.
Auvert,P.
Aegerter,V.
Gilbos,E.
Benillouche,P.
Boutin,G.
Desve,M.
-F.
Landre,D.
Bos727MultilevelInferenceControlinExpertSystemCodexF.
Gyarfas,M.
Popper735Analyzing,RepresentingandInterpretingExpertStrategicKnowledgeL.
Johnson,E.
T.
Keravnou743RepresentingLegalTextsbyLogicProgramsK.
Yalumov,G.
Gargov751MixingPROLOGandLISPB.
Pfahringer,C.
Holzbaur759ImplementingInferenceStrategiesinPrologBasedExpertSystemsL.
Console,G.
Rossi767DoxasticLogicandDoxastic-EpistemicMeta-ReasoninginExpertSystemsK.
M.
Said,G.
Provan775xivGeneralizationandParticularizationofProductionRulesinExpertSystemsW.
Pedrycz783KnowledgeBasedNaturalLanguageProcessingChairpersons:R.
Brachman(U.
S.
A.
)H.
Trost(Austria)Concept-Class-Prototype:unumantrinumC.
Castelfranchi,O.
Stock793TheRoleofMetaknowledgeinTextComprehensionG.
Airenti,M.
Colombetti,M.
C.
Gallo799Micro-WorldRecognitionby"RestlessDebugging"Y.
Kodratoff807SemanticInterpretationinNaturalLanguageInterfaceApplicationsH.
Horacek815'TheOveransweringMechanismintheFidoSystemN.
Bersia,B.
diEugenio,L.
Lesmo,P.
Torasso823AchievingTextCoherenceinaGeneratorforGermanTextsH.
Horacek,E.
Buchberger831InteractiveSemi-AutomaticCreationofaMorphologicalLexiconH.
Trost,G.
Dorffner837ErrorMessagesinSpokenNaturalLanguageC.
C.
R.
Turk845ArtificialIntelligenceISymbolicComputationChairperson:B.
Buchberger(Austria)AFormalFrameworkforModellingAgentsN.
SeelMentalModelsandInferencesinEverydayReasoningB.
G.
Bara,A.
G.
Carassa,G.
C.
GeminianiLogicalStratificationofOrganicIntelligenceJ.
J.
Koenderink,A.
J.
vanDoornxv855863871CM-System:NewMethodologyforAutomatedTheoremProvingandProgramSynthesisSystemsM.
Franova879StochasticLogicalExpressionsI.
Ratk6887AFormalismforSpecifyingSoftwareGenerationB.
H.
Rudall893ModularisationinEDDA-S,aDataFlowDesignLanguageSupportingIncrementalSoftwareDevelopmentR.
Pitrik901AFastSerialandParallelThinningAlgorithmP.
S.
P.
Wang,Y.
Y.
Zhang909HierarchicalDynamicDataStructureforRepresentingOptimalAdaptiveControllersbyAssembliesM.
deLaSen917AuthorIndex925~iPREFACEThisvolumecontainsallpaperspresentedattheEighthEuropeanMeetingonCyberneticsandSystemsResearch.
169draftpapersweresubmittedforevaluation.
Intheprocessofcarefulrefereeing,33paperswererejectedandtheremainingauthorswereinvitedtosubmitfinalpapers.
Outofthese,119wereacceptedforpresentationattheconferenceandpublicationinthisvolume.
Thesepaperswerepreparedby173scientists,authorsandco-authors,from22Europeanandnon-Europeancountries,withdifferentcultural,social,andeconomicstructures.
Everybodytriedhardtomakethisconferenceanditsproceedingsatruerepresentationofstate-of-the-artresearchworldwide:ThemembersoftheProgrammeCommitteeandtheChairmenoftheSymposiawereselectedamongthe~internationallyleadingscientists.
Greatcarewastakennottomakethisconferencea"European"oreven"Austrian"one.
Wearehappyandproudtohearthatthese"EuropeanMeetings"(thenameisapurelytraditionalone)arerecognizedastheinternationallyleadingconferencesincyberneticsandsystemsresearch.
Importantscientistsfromallovertheworldcarefullypreparetheirpapers,containingtheirmostrecentresearchfindings,andthenenjoythediscussionswiththeirco11eagues.
Theconferencewasovershadowedbytheseverelossoftwocolleagueswhohadcooperatedfromthebeginningin1972:ProfessorFrancisdePaulaHanikaandMr.
PaulE.
Martin.
Prof.
Hanika,justhavingretiredin1970fromhispositionasprofessorformanagementscience,encouragedtheAustrianSocietyforCyberneticStudiestoorganizethefirstEuropeanMeetingonCyberneticsandSystemsResearch.
Or,tobemoreprecise,hewasthedrivingforcethroughallourmeetingsand,eventhoughhepulledalittlebitbackwhenhereachedhis80ies,hestillwasthegrandoldmanbehindthescenewhoweturnedtowheneverweneededadviceorencouragement.
Itwillbeverydifficultforustofindareplacementforhim,notonlyinhiscapacityaslong-termchairmanofthesymposiaoncyberneticsoforganizationandmanagementoftheMeetings(thisEighthMeetingwasthefirstwithoutit),butalsoasafriendandadvisor.
IfyouwanttoknowmoreaboutProfessorxviiHanikaandhisveryoutstandingandunusuallife,Irecommendreadingtheobituaryin"CyberneticsandSystems:AnInternationalJournal",Vol.
15,Nos.
3-4,1984.
Youwillthenunderstandwhythisvolumeisdedicatedtohismemory.
PaulMartinwasagreatorganizationalhelpthroughoutallthemeetings,andaverydearperson,too:Irememberwhenin1972weweresittinginoursmalloffice,justafewdaysbeforetheconference,andwedidn'tknowwhichtasktotacklefirst,amanenteredourroom,justsaying:MynameisPaulMartin.
HowcanIhelpyouIthinkthisisthebestcharacterizationIcangiveofhiskindpersonalityandtheassistancehealwaysofferedtopeopleinneed.
Aconferenceandoneofitsresults,theproceedings,onlybecomearealityastheresultoftheconcertedeffortsofmanypersons:Firstofall,Iwouldliketothankthecontributorswhoundertooksomanyimportantandinterestingresearchprojects,thenwereforcedtocondensetheirresultstoeightpages,andtosubmitthemrapidlytomaketheproceedingsavailablealreadyattheMeeting.
Second,Ithankthechairmen-regretfully,thereisnowomanamongthem-ofthesymposiaoftheMeeting:theyhelpedintheselectionofthetopics,ofteninvitedscientiststocontribute,helpedintheevaluationofthepapers,andfinallychairedtheirsessions.
TheyjoinedmeintheEditorialBoardofthisvolume.
Third,Ms.
SteffiWiesbauerandMag.
Michael$chulte-Dernehandledallorganizationaltaskswithdiligenceandcare,evenremainingfriendlywhenscientists,askedtosticktotheeight-pagelimit,sentasecond-"shortened"-version,stilloftenormorepages.
Fourth,Iammostgratefultomyco-worker,Dr.
WernerHorn:Henotonlyorganizedthe"computer-background"oftheMeeting,butalsowasanunfailingsourceofhelp;weoftenburnttogetherthemidnight-oilwhenpreparingthisconferenceanditsproceedings.
Andfifth,ReidelPublishingCompanyandespeciallyMr.
IanPriestnallwereverycooperativeduringallstagesofthepreparationofthisvolume.
Ithinkyouwillenjoystudying"CyberneticsandSystems'86".
PerhapsyouareevenpersuadedtojoinourgroupatitsNinthMeetingin1988incharmingVienna.
Seeyouthen.
RobertTrapplxviii