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ResearchOntheTeachingManagementofUniversityBasedonTQMZhan-yanLiuOfficeofEducationalAdministrationHebeiFinanceUniversityBaoding,ChinaAbstractWiththedevelopmentandexpansionofsocialeconomyinourcountry,thequalityofthesocietyisbecominghigherandhigher.
CollegesanduniversitiesinChinahasinitiallyformedarelativelyperfectteachingmanagementsystem,butwiththecontinuousdevelopmentofhighereducation.
Itsexistencemanyproblemshavebeenexposedmoreandmore,andultimatelyaffecttheimprovethequalityofteachingincollegesanduniversities.
Firstly,thispaperhascombbedtheuniversityteachingmanagementsystemtheoryandcomprehensivequalitymanagementtheory,thenanalysedthefeasibilityofcomprehensivequalitymanagementmodewhichwasintroduced,lastly,discussedthetrainofthoughtforconstructingthetotalqualitymanagementofteachinginChina'suniversitiesfromtheperspectiveoftheoryandpractice.
Keywords:Totalqualitymanagement;Ordinaryuniversity;Teachingmanagement1.
IntroductionTheexpansionofthescaleofhighereducationinChinahasbroughtnewopportunitiesandchallengestocollegeteachingmanagement.
Theconstantexpansionofhighereducationcausedbythesocietyandtheeducationsectorworryonthequalityofeducation,thequalityofhighereducationfacingtheseveretest,tocomprehensivelystrengthentheteachingqualitymanagementhasbecomethecollegesanduniversitiesinthepopularizationofhighereducationintheprocessoftheinevitablechoice.
Qualityisthelifeandsoulofhighereducation,teachingisthecenteroftheuniversitymanagement,thereforeimprovingthequalityofteachingisthecoreofuniversityeducation,andimprovingtheteachingmanagementlevelisthepremiseandbasisforimprovingthequalityofteaching.
Inordertoimprovethequalityofteaching,theteachingqualitymanagementmustfocusonthe"center"oftheteaching,andformaperfecttheoreticalsystem.
Foralongtime,educationonlythroughavarietyofphysicalresourcesinputtomeasurechangesinthebenefitofrunningaschoolandqualityofchange,andmanagementsystemofexclusioninqualityassuranceandimprove,notasanimportantfactorofinter-universitydifferences.
Withthevoiceof"improvehighereducationteachingquality"rising,theteachingqualitymanagementbecomesmoreandmoreimminent.
ThequalityofeducationhasbecomethekeylinkaboutChina'sstrategyofrevitalizingthroughscienceandeducation,thereforeestablishasoundandeffectivesystemofteachingqualitymanagementsystemofhighereducationtoensurethatthemaininitiativessteadyimprovementinthequalityofpopularization.
Withtheperfectionofourcountrysocialistmarketeconomysystem,socialofhighereducationtalenttrainingqualityputforwardhigherrequirements,inordertodoagoodjobintheteachingmanagementisalong-termconstructionandaccumulationprocess,whichaimstoreformofcollegeteachingqualitymanagement.
Inordertoovercomethedisadvantagesoftraditionalmanagementmodeofeducationquality,bettertoimprovehighereducationqualitymanagementandthequalityofteaching,hasbecomeawidetopicofhighereducationresearchinChina.
2.
OverviewofTotalQualityManagementTheoryTotalqualitymanagementwasproposedbyqualitymanagementmasterFeigenbauminthe20thcentury50's,andwidelypopularedintheJapaneseinthe1970s.
Intheearly1980s,someAmericaenterprisesbroughtitintomanagementandmadearapidpromotion,thenseveralcollegesanduniversitiesbegantotrytoimplementtotalqualitymanagement,alsoincludingsomeothercountries.
Accordingtotherelevantdatashow,onlyin1991-1992twoyears'time,"allorpartoftheimplementationoftotalqualitymanagementinhigherschoolsfrom92to220inAmerica,evenasHarvarduniversity,Columbiauniversity,universityofOregon.
Thesecollegesanduniversities'experimentalresultshasconfirmedthattotalqualitymanagementtocontinuouslyimprovethequalityofhighereducationproducedapositiveeffect,becometheeffectivewaysandmeanstoensurethequalityofhighereducation.
Atpresent,theconceptoftotalqualitymanagementisstilllackofuniformdefinition.
Inaccordancewiththedefinitionoftheinternationalorganizationforstandardization,totalqualitymanagementis"referstoanorganizationtoqualityasthecenter,tofullparticipationasthebasis,forthepurposeofthroughletcustomersatisfactionandtheorganizationofallmembersandsocialbenefitandachievelong-termsuccessinmanagementapproach.
"Lewisbelievesthattotalqualitymanagementisaphilosophysystem,itcanachievethegoaloforganizationdirectly,thusensuringthecustomer'ssatisfactionandthemaximizationoftheinvestors'benefit.
"Somescholarshavepointedoutthat,thetotalqualitymanagement(TQM)is"referstothecontinuousimprovementusingthechoiceoftoolsandtechniques,trainingguideddecisionandactionplanningprocess,collegesanduniversitiesinvariousfieldsisbeingclosetotheoptimaltarget.
"Althoughtherearedifferencesintheoverallqualitymanagement,buttheconceptoftotalqualitymanagementasawholesystemandthereisalmostaconsensus.
3.
TheBasicContentofUniversityTeachingQualityManagementThedefinitionofteachingqualitymanagement,scholarsfromdifferentperspectivesgivenadifferentdefinition.
FengXuejunbelievesthatteachingqualitymanagementisacomplexstructuresystemwithspecificcontentsandlaws.
Fromtheperspectiveofhorizontalstructure,includingteachingqualitymanagement,qualitymanagementofstudent'sacademic,educationalqualitymanagementelementsofthelongitudinalstructurefromthepointofview,includingallstagesoftheprocessofteachingandlearningandthemainlink;WuZhihongbelievesthattheteachingqualitymanagementisthrougheffectivemanagement,coordinationandcontrol,andpromotetheteachingeffecttomeettherequirementsofthecurriculumplan,thesyllabusandthetextbook;Zouminthinks"teachingqualitymanagementistoattachimportancetotheconceptofteachingqualityandasthebasis,usingscientificmeanstodesigntheteachingworkofthewholeprocess,implementation,inspection,andanalysisofthesenseofresponsibilityofthequality,toensuretoachievetheteachinggoalandtheteachingtaskofamanagementmode.
Analysisteachingquality,setupsmoothinformationfeedbacknetwork,tocreateandmaintainagoodeducationalenvironmentandachievethebestteachingeffect.
Teachingqualitymanagementisasubsystemofteachingmanagement,Ithassomecommonfeatureswiththeteachingmanagement,andthequalitymanagementofteachinghasitsowndevelopmentandfeatures.
Thecharacteristicsofcollegeteachingqualitymanagementarecomprehensive,complexity,dynamic,relativeandsystematiccoordination.
IntheUniversity,thequalityofteachingisthecoreofeducationquality,andthekeytothequalityofteachingliesinthemanagementofteachingquality.
Therefore,intheteachingqualitymanagementinCollegesanduniversitiesthestudentoriented,marketdemandorientedpatternofteachingqualitymanagement,inordertochangethatsomecollegesanduniversitiesteachingqualityisdifficulttoguarantee,teachersandstudentsteachingdifficulttomobilizetheenthusiasm,itisdifficultforthegraduatestofindajobandpeopleandemploypersonsishardtofindthestatusofschoolsandthemarketclosely,improvethequalityofeducationandteachinginschoolsandstudents'abilitytoadapttosociety.
Therefore,theestablishmentofqualitymanagementsystemincollegesanduniversitiesshouldalsotostudentsforthis,fortheinnovativetalentstrainingservices,andcarryoutqualityeducation,tocultivatestudents'innovationabilityincludedintheteachingqualityevaluationsystemtoaccuratelygraspthemarketinformation,toformedarelationshipofsupplyanddemand.
4.
TheFeasibilityofTQMforCollegeTeachingQualityManagement4.
1TheCommonBetweenUniversitiesandEnterprisesAccordingtotheterms,theeducationisclassifiedintodifferentlevelsandcategories,andeachhasdifferentcharacteristics.
Amongthem,theoreticalanalysisandsystemoftotalqualitymanagementofteachinginChina'suniversitiesestablishedthatitprovidestothebenefitsoftheactorsthemselvesisfarlessthanthatprovidedforthebenefitofsociety,itsactivitiesshouldnotbemarket-orientedandhighereducationbecauseofitsthreemajorfunctionsofthelocation,theschoolandenterprisebusinessexistmanycommon.
Inacertainsense,higherschoolasaproductionunitanditsmainworkincludesthreeaspects:firstly,developmentandtothecommunityprovidescientificandtechnologicalachievements;secondly,traininganddeliveryofseniorpersonnel;thirdly,provideservicestothesociety,mainlyscienceandtechnologyservice.
4.
2BasicPrinciplesofTQMforTeachingManagementinCollegesThecustomerofuniversityteachingmanagementconsistsoftwoparts:internalcustomerandexternalcustomer.
Governmentandtheadministrativedepartmentofeducationistheeducationofinvestorsandmanagers,butwithincreaseoffamilyeducationinvestmentproportion,asaneducationservicebuyers,studentsandparentsmoreconcernedaboutcollegeteachingquality,soparentsandstudents,especiallyparentspaymoreattentiontotheriskofinvestmentineducation.
Therefore,theadministrativedepartmentsofcollegesanduniversitiesmustfullyawareofthepurposeofeducationservices,andonthisbasis,strengthentheserviceconcept,students,parentsandeducationadministrativedepartmentneedsandtheneedsofthesocietyastopursuethedevelopmentofthecenterofgravity,outstandingstudents'subjectstatus,respectforthepersonalitydevelopmentofstudents.
IftheteachingmanagementinCollegesanduniversitiescanalwaystakecustomerdemandasthestartingpointandtheendresult,itcannotonlytoimprovethequalityofeducation,layasolidsocialfoundationforthedevelopmentofcollegesanduniversities,butalsowillimprovetheutilizationoflimitedresources,soastoimprovethebenefitofrunningaschool.
Inthissense,intheuniversityteachingmanagement,theattentiontothecustomer'sdemandisnotonlythesurvivalanddevelopmentneedsofcollegesanduniversities,butalsothecountryandthesocietytoeducatethesuperintendent'searnestexpectation.
4.
3ThePreliminaryResultsofTQMinUniversityTeachingManagementPracticeTherearealsosomeeducationalinstitutionsinourcountrytouseTQMandISO9001standards.
Atpresent,accordingtotheISO9001standards,theestablishmentofqualitymanagementsystemoftheuniversitymainlyTsinghuaUniversity,DalianMaritimeUniversity,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,ZhejiangUniversity,etc.
Practicehasprovedthat,theyimplementedacomprehensivequalitymanagementissuccessful,andachievedthefollowingresults:referencetoenterprise'stotalqualitymanagementideatobuildmodernschoolmanagementsystem,isconducivetothetransformationandupdatingofschooleducationideaandmanagementconcept,enhanceschoolserviceconsciousness;standardizetheschoolteachingmanagement,andgraduallyestablishandperfectcontinuousqualityimprovementofteachingmanagementsystem;improvetheschool'sreputationandvisibility,increasefundingforstudentsandeducation,toreducethecostofeducation,optimizetheallocationofresources,reducetheriskofeducationinvestment;greatlyimprovetheteachingquality,enhancethesatisfactionofstudents,parents,society,governmentandeducationadministrativedepartment.
5.
NewThinkingofTQMinCollegesandUniversitiesTheintroductionoftheconceptofTQMtotheteachingmanagementincollegesanduniversitiesistofocusourattentionontheteachingofcollegesanduniversities.
Comprehensivemanagementandimprovementofcollegeteachingmanagementandrelatedactivities,establisha"customercentered"educationalserviceview,sothattheworkofcollegesanduniversitiesaroundtheteachingmanagementtoformacompleteservicenetwork,fromimprovethequalityandefficiencyofeducationincollegesanduniversities.
Ourcountryuniversitiesintroducetheideaoftotalqualitymanagementtoimproveeducation.
Thequalityofteaching,thecultivationofhigh-qualitypersonnel,andtheimprovementofthestatusquooftheteachingmanagementsystemincollegesanduniversities,arehaveprofoundtheoreticalandpracticalsignificance.
5.
1FollowthePDCACirculationTheultimategoalofmanagementistooptimizethework.
ScientistsDemingaccordingtotheobjectivelawofmanagementsummedupthemanagementoperationproceduresofPDCAcycle.
Practicehasprovedthatthismanagementapproachiseffective.
InCollegesanduniversities,thewholeschoolteachingmanagement,whichisalargePDCAcycle,eachdepartmentisasmallPDCAcycle,ithasitsowncycle.
5.
2TheImportanceofUniversityLeadersDemingoncesaid,"managementclassisnotthejobofsupervision,butleadership".
thereisalackofleadershipinorganization,thentheprocesscannotbesustained.
Ifthetotalqualitymanagementoftheeducationistobesuccessful,itmustbehandedovertotheleaderwhohasadecisiveandcleargoaltocompletetheeducation.
Therefore,universityleadersmustattachgreatimportanceintermsofideology,strengthentheirawarenessofmanagement,taketheleadinstudyingTQMtheory.
Secondly,themanagershouldpayattentiontothelong-termplanningofschoolteachingmanagement,andbecomethepromoterandthebodyoftheplanningandexecution.
Again,themanagementofcollegesanduniversitiestoestablishthecorrectvaluesandreasonabletreatmentofscale,efficiencyanddevelopment,emphasizestheconceptofconsistentqualityandefficiency,andscaleefficiency.
Lastly,paymoreattentiontotheinterpersonalcommunicationbetweenfacultyandstaff,andbelievethateveryonehasunlimiteddevelopmentspace.
5.
3EncouragetheFullActiveParticipationIntheteachingandmanagement,thefullparticipationofthestaffinvolvedintwoaspects:firstly,everyoneshouldparticipateinit.
Facultyandstudentsistheschoolorganization,onlytheirfullparticipationtomaketheirgenuinetalentintofullplay,soastobringinnovationtoimproveschoolsandeducationalreformonthequality;secondly,itisneedtoparticipatefully,theleadershouldprovidethesubordinatewiththeinternalenvironmentthatcanfullyparticipateandexerttheinitiative,soastomobilizetheenthusiasmofthepersonandthecadresatalllevels.
Onlyinthefullempowermentofthestaffwillhaveastrongsenseofquality,professionalismandresponsibility.
Onlyinthiswaycanithelptomaximizethemobilizationofstaffparticipationandinitiative,soastoschooldevelopmentbrainstorming.
Atthesametime,theuniversitiesshouldmakeasystemtraining.
Throughthistraining,teacherscanimprovethedegreeofeducation,soastogetmoreworkopportunitiesandfindtheirmorepotential.
6.
ConclusionImprovingteachingqualityistheeternalthemeofhighereducation.
Tostrengthenthemanagementandcontrolofteachingqualityisanimportantguaranteetoimprovethequalityofhighereducation.
Itisoneoftheimportanttasksofhighereducationtostrengthenqualitycontrolandmanagement.
Theexpansionofthescaleofhighereducationisaninevitabletrend,inthedevelopmentofthenumberatthesametime,wemustguaranteetoimprovethequalityofdevelopmentand,itsessenceisthedevelopmentqualityofcontinuity,integrity,equalityandcoordination.
Thatistosayqualityisaprerequisiteforachievingsustainabledevelopmentofhighereducation.
Therefore,thehighereducationasasocialinvestmenthugebusiness,wemustusetheadvancedmanagementideasandmethodstoensurethequalityandimproveefficiency.
Toachievehigherhealthy,stableandsustainabledevelopment,weshouldimprovethelevelofteachingmanagement,tostrictlycontrolthevariousfactorsaffectingthequalityofteachingbytotalqualitymanagementconceptandmode,andconstantlyimprovethequalityofeducationandteaching.
Teachingmanagementincollegesanduniversitiesinapplicationandreferencetototalqualitymanagementideasandmethodsshouldbetargeted,andshouldgrasptheessenceoftotalqualitymanagement,thatiscontinuousimprovement.
Incollegesanduniversities,weshouldstartfromtheconcretenationalconditionsofourcountry,changeeducationidea,renewteachingmanagementconcept;Alwaysweshouldfocusontheteachingmanagementoftheoverallgoals,fullyrealizetheaimoftheeducationservice,highlightthestudents'subjectivity,respectstudents'personalitydevelopment;meanwhile,accordingtothePDCAcirculation,adheretothepursuitofteachingqualityasastartingpoint,basedonfactsandanalysisoftheformortheenvironment,ensuringthecorrectness,suitabilityandfeasibilityofthedecision-making.
Finallyrealizesthefundamentalshiftofteachingmanagementincollegesanduniversities,toensurethecontinuousimprovementofteachingqualityofhighereducation.
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