baunaning

TABLEOFIMPORTANTSTATUTES,ETC.
BurmaLawsAct,1898GovernmentofBurmaAct,1935PenalCodeTreatyofYandaboBURMAREPUBUCOFCHINACivilCodeMarriageLaw,1950Hsien-hsingHsing-10.
Ta-Ch'ingHui-tienPEOPLE'SREPUBUCOFCHINACH'INGCHINATa-Ch'ingLu-LiTseng-HsiuT'ung-tsuanChi-Ch'eng,andappendedHsing-anHui-lanENGLANDXXIX-XXX,80-82,84-87,208716967XXXVIXXXVI163157,159n.
3XXVII,XXX,148-149,157,164,167,176AdoptionofChildrenAct(1926),amended1950168MarriageAct(s),1836,1949,1960,andAmend-ments,1954,1958XXXIIIMatrimonialCausesAct,1857XXXIIIStatuteofDistribution,1670xxx,155,163-164FRANCECivilCodeHONGKONGStatuteofDistributionINDIABengal,Agra,andAssam(vi)CourtsAct,1887BengalCodeBombayHinduDivorceAct,1947BombayPreventionofHinduBigamousMarriagesAct,1946BombayRegulations(iv),1827ChildMarriageRestraintAct,19of1929,amended41of1949C.
P.
LawsAct,1875XXXVIII-XXXIX164n.
220872212210,221,231208210208270APPENDICESCodeofCivilProcedureCodeofCriminalProcedureConstitutionofIndiaContractActDissolutionofMarriagesAct,1939GovernmentoflndiaAct(s),1915,1935,1937HinduAdoptionandMaintenanceAct(s),1954,1956HinduBigamyPreventionandDivorceAct,6of1949HinduCode,1948(andDraftHinduCode)HinduCodes(Smritis):CodeofManuCodeofNaradaCodeofYajnavalkyaHinduGainsofLearningAct,1930HinduLawofInheritance(Amendment)Act,21of1929HinduMarriageAct,25of1955HinduMarriageAmendmentBill,1958(LokSabhaBill,No.
36)HinduMarriageDisabilitiesRemovalAct,1946HinduMarriagesValidityAct,21of1949HinduMarriedWomen'sRighttoSeparateResi-denceandMaintenanceAct,19of1946HinduMinorityandGuardianshipAct,32of1956HinduSuccessionAct,30of1956HinduWidow'sRemarriageAct,15of1856HinduWomen'sRightstoPropertyAct,18of1937IndianDivorceAct,1872,amended10of1912IndianEvidenceActIndianMajorityAct,1875IndianPenalCode,1860IndianSuccessionAct,1925IndianTrustsActJammuandKashmirAct,8of1955MadrasCivilCourtsAct,3of1873Madras:HinduBigamyPreventionandDivorceAct,of1949MadrasMapillaMarumakattayamAct,1939MadrasMarumakattayamAct,1932(22of1939)NativeConvertsMarriageDissolutionAct,21of1866Ordinanceof1772OudhLawsAct,1878PresidencyTownsInsolvencyAct,1909ProvincialInsolvency(Amendment)Act,1948ShariatApplicationAct,1937SpecialMarriageAct(s),1869,3of1872,1954,and(Amendment)Act,30of1923SpecificReliefActTransferofPropertyAct7272,7751,208,217,231-23372,85-86XXXVII208,267203,222,225-226,230210219-22274,95,202,204-207,210,212202,212,220202,210215216-217203,222-223,225,228-230,232230211211213,218203,222,230203,222,230-231210-211210,215,218213,2217221072,75-77,223-22421272232208210,212,23159209212-213208208215215209209,212-213,222,225,227-2287272FederalConstitutionMalaysiaAct,1963StatesofMalaya:APPENDICESMALAYSIAAdoptionOrdinance,41of1952CustomaryTenureEnactment(s),1909,1926,amend-ed1930DistributionOrdinance,1of1958DivorceOrdinance,74of1952EvidenceOrdinance,11of1950LandCode,1926JohoreCouncilofReligionEnactment,2of1949KedahAdministrationofMuslimLawEnactment,1962KelantanCouncilofReligionandMalayCustomsandKathisCourtsEnactment,1of1953MalaccaAdministrationofMuslimLawEnactment,lof1959MalaccaLaws(UndangUndangMelaka)Malacca:SecondChatter,1826NegriSembilanAdministrationofMuslimLawEn-actment(s),1952,15of1960ProbateandAdministrationEnactmentSmallEstates(Distribution)Ordinance,34of1955PahangAdministrationoftheLawoftheReligionofIslamEnactment(s),1945,1946PenangAdministrationofMuslimLawEnactment,3of1959Penang:FirstCharterofjustice,1807Perak:MinangkabauLegalDigestPerak:Ninety-NineLawsofPerakPerak:OrderinCouncil,23of1893PerakMajlisUgamaIslamdanAdatMelayuEn-actment,1951PerlisAdministrationofMuslimLawEnactment,1963SelangorAdministrationofMuslimLawEnactment,3of1952TrengganuAdministrationofIslamicLawEnact-ment(s),1952,4of1955NorthBorneo:AdoptionOrdinance,23of1960ApplicationofLaws(Amendment)Ordinance,15of1960ChineseMarriageOrdinance,1933,RevisedLaws,1946MuslimsBerianandFeesRulesLawsofNorthBor-neo,1953CivilLawOrdinance,2of1938ProcedureOrdinance,1of192650,108-109,155155130,168137-140,142,191168165168136-137,139,192Ill111,114,123,126271110,114,122-124,126111,114,122-123,12620155111,114,122-123,126138,140138110,114,117,122-124,126111,114,122-123,126154-155125,130-131XXXVII,117-118,121-122,124-125163111111,114-115,122,126110,114,122-123,126110,114,122-124,126129155165-166117129164272APPENDICESSabah:AdoptionOrdinance,23of1960129CivilLawOrdinance129Sarawak:AdatDayak(DayakLaw)AdoptionOrdinanceApplicationofLawsOrdinance,2of1958February1928Ordinance(RevisedLawsofSarawak,1947)Iban(Sea-Dayak)codeoffine(TusunTunggu)SarawakMajlisIslam(Incorporation)Ordinance,1958SarawakUndang-UndangMakhamahMelayu,andAppendixandAddendaSingapore:AdoptionofChildrenOrdinance,18of1939(Re-visedLawsofSingapore,1955)AdoptionofChildrenOrdinance(RevisedEdition)CriminalLaw(TemporaryProvisions)01dinance,26of1955,amended:25of1958,36of1958,34of1959,56of1959,43of1960,56of1960)FirstCharterofJustice,1807SecondCharterofJustice,1826PreservationofPublicSecurityOrdinance,25of1955SingaporeMuslimsOrdinance,25of1957StatuteofDistributionWomen'sCharter,18of1961PAKISTANConstitutionCriminalLawAmendmentAct,1963EvidenceActPunjabLawsAct,1872PunjabMuslimPersonalLaw(Shariat)Act(s),1937,1948THAILANDCivilandCommercialCode,1935KodmaiLaksanaPuaMia(LawonMatrimony),1804RamaICodeof1804CivilCodeofAnamCivilCodeofTonkinLeCodeFamilyLawCode,January2,1959GiaLongCode(Cochinchina)VIETNAM4413015515544111-112113,117,119,122-123,125-127,132168130157154-155155157123,171155,163148,157,164,169-17351xxxvn1265208,262-263267-268XXXVI-XXXVII,89,98-1068990,106252-261252-261253253,260252-253TABLEOFIMPORTANTCASESA.
G.
ofMadrasv.
Anandachari(1886)9Mad.
766Alusv.
Mohamed(E.
N.
Taylor,MalayFamilyLaw,J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
,1)Amirthammalv.
VallimayilAmmal(1942)Mad.
698Anyamv.
Intan(1949)15M.
L.
J.
72Appo"ierv.
RamaSubbayyan(1866)llM.
I.
A.
75Asrabullaandothersv.
KiamatullaHajiChaudhryandothers,A.
I.
R.
1937Cal.
245Atmaramv.
Bajirao(1935)62lA.
139Badohdeed,Re(E.
N.
Taylor,CustomaryLawofRembau,.
J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
1929,l)Baindalv.
Baindal(1946]P.
122BanariDasv.
SumatPrasad(1936)A.
I.
R.
All641Begv.
Allahdita,45P.
R.
1917BhagwatiSaranSinghv.
ParmeshwariNandan(1912)All518BholanathHundiandothersv.
MidnaporeZamin-daryCompanyLtd.
andsixothers,311A.
75CaseNo.
852(1917),RepublicofChinaChanLamKeongv.
TanSawKeow(1951)17M.
L.
J.
21ChanBeeNeov.
EeSiokChoo[1947]S.
C.
R.
lChanLamKeongv.
TanSawKeow(195l)17M.
L.
J.
2lCheangThyePhinv.
TanAhLay(1916)l4S.
S.
L.
R.
79;(1920)A.
C.
369Cheniv.
Cheni(1963]2W.
L.
R.
17ChiewBoonTongv.
GohAhPei[1956]S.
C.
R.
58ChooAng.
Cheev.
NeoChanNeoandothers(1908)12S.
S.
L.
R.
120(SixWidowsCase)ChuGeokKeowv.
ChongMengSze(1961)27M.
L.
J.
10Dahildeed,Re(E.
N.
Taylor,CustomaryLawofRemba~_J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
1929,l)DeRenevillev.
DeReneville(1948)lAllE.
R.
56,60C.
A.
Deraiv.
lpah(SerembanCivilAppealNo.
6of1949)Dr.
ThaMyav.
DawKhinPu(1951)B.
L.
R.
(S.
C.
)108Dr.
ThaMyav.
MaKhinPu,A.
I.
R.
(1941)Rangoon81ErGekChengv.
HoYingSeng(1949)15M.
L.
J.
171Fatimahv.
Logan(1871)1Ky.
255GobardhanDassiv.
JasadomoniDassi(1891)18cal.
2522131202ll1402142642021431722132642ll264163168164160,168160,163,172172166163,1651611432291418487161155213274APPENDICESGopalKrishnav.
Mst.
Jaggs(1936)631A.
295GovernmentofBombayv.
Ganga(1880)4Born.
330GulMuhammadv.
KingEmperor(1947)Mad.
205Gu1amBhikv.
Mst.
HussainBegum(1957)P.
L.
D.
Lahore998Habsahv.
Abdu1lah(1950)16M.
L.
J.
60HajiRussinv.
Maheran(1946)12M.
L.
J.
116HajiMansorbinDuseh,ReHajiPais,Re(E.
N.
Taylor,InheritanceinNegriSembilan,l948J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
2)Hasmahv.
AbdulJalil(1958)24M.
L.
J.
10HoKhianCheongdeed,Re(1963)29M.
L.
J.
316HukumChandv.
KamalanandSingh(1906)33Cal.
1923Hydev.
Hyde(1866)L.
R.
1P.
andD.
130Imahdeed,Re(E.
N.
Taylor,InheritanceinNegriSembilan,1948J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
2)IngAhMit,IntheGoodsof(1888)4Ky.
380Jasinv.
Tiawan(1941)7M.
L.
J.
247JemiahbinteAwangv.
AbdulRashidbinHajiIbra-him(1941)7M.
L.
J.
16JivaMaganv.
BaiJetthi(1941)Born.
L.
R.
538KamaniDeviv.
SriKameshwarSingh(1946)25Pat.
58KauraDeviv.
IndraDevi(1943)All711&712KhooHooiLeongv.
KhooChongYeok[1930]A.
C.
346KhooHooiLeongv.
KhooHeanKwee[1926]A.
C.
529KhooTiongBeev.
TanBengGwat(1877)1Ky473Kirkwoodv.
MaungSin(1924)2Ran.
693KoJinMoiv.
SiowChongKoo[1956]S.
C.
R.
48Ku1opKidaldeed,Re(E.
N.
Taylor,CustomaryLawofRembau,J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
19291)KunhiPathuammaandothersv.
SundaraAiyarandanother,A.
I.
R.
(1941)Madras32Kuppanav.
Palanaimal(1955)Mad.
471Kutaiv.
Taensah(1933-34)F.
M.
S.
LawReportLakshmidharMiersandothersv.
KiamatulaHajiChaudhryandothers,A.
I.
R.
(1937)Cal.
248LaoLeongAn,IntheGoodsof,Leic.
418(1867)1S.
S.
L.
R.
1LeeChoonGuandeed,Re(1935)1M.
L.
J.
78LeeJooNeov.
LeeEngSwee(1887)4Ky.
325LeeSiewKowdeed(1952)18M.
L.
J.
184LeeSiewNeov.
GanEngNeo(1952)18M.
L.
J.
184LeeWahFuiv.
Law[1964]2AllE.
R.
248LewAhLuiv.
ChoaEngWan(1935)4S.
S.
L.
R.
78LinLanv.
MaungShweDaing(ChanToon,LeadingCases)LiuKuiTzev.
LeeShakLian[1953]S.
C.
R.
55LoSiewYingv.
ChongFay(1959)S.
C.
R.
1213213213268121140-142139-142138,140123162233XXX,XXXIU-XXXIV,172-173139163122-123120212210211165160,163168206164138,141-14258228139-140264163160163161160173160,165206165165-166,174APPENDICES275LobChaiIngv.
LawIngAi[1959]S.
C.
R.
13165LobTohMetdeed,Re(1961)27M.
L.
J.
234155n.
IMaHninBwintv.
UShweGon(1914)A.
I.
R.
97(P.
C.
)83MaHninZanv.
MaMyaing(1936)A.
I.
R.
Ran.
3184MaKyinMyav.
MaungSitHan(1937)R.
L.
R.
10387MaYinMyav.
TanYaukPu87Maaniv.
Mohamed(1961)27M.
L.
J.
88142MadhavraoRaghavendrav.
Raghavendrarao(1946)48Born.
L.
R.
196202MatusinbinSimbiv.
KawangbintiAbdullah[1953]S.
C.
R.
106164MatusinbinSimbiv.
Kwang(1953)SarawakL.
R.
129Merkerv.
Merker[1963]P.
283173Minahv.
HajiSailandtwoothers(N.
S.
CivilAp-pealNo.
4of1953)141Miutdeed,Re(E.
N.
Taylor,CustomaryLawofRembau,J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
19291)143MuhammadAsgharShahv.
MuhammadGulSherKhan,P.
L.
D.
(1949)116F.
B.
268Narainv.
Tirlok(1907)28All4213Niahv.
Alias(E.
N.
Taylor,CustomaryLawofRem-bau,J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
19291)144NgaiLauShiav.
LobCheeNeo(1915)14S.
S.
L.
R.
35163NorendaNathv.
V.
KamalbasiniDasi(1896)23IA.
18233OfficialReceiverofRammadv.
Devarayam(1948)14M.
L.
J.
415215OngChengNeov.
YeapCheahNeo(1872)1Ky.
326155,160Pakkianv.
ChettiahPillai(1923)46Mad.
839F.
B.
213PangChinv.
PangChawPee[1952]S.
C.
R.
18168Rahimv.
Sintan(E.
N.
Taylor,CustomaryLawofRembau,J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
19291)122RamKumari,IntheMatterof(1891)Cal264213RaoBalwantSinghv.
RaniKishore(1898)251A.
54207Rasinahv.
Said(1926)(E.
N.
Taylor,MalayFamilyLaw,J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
1)121RatneshwariNandanv.
BhagwatiSanan(1950)F.
C.
142211Reginav.
Willans(1859)3Ky.
16155Romitv.
Hassan141-142Russv.
Russ[1962]3W.
L.
R.
930173SalibinteHajiSallehv.
Achik(1941)7M.
L.
J.
14140-142Sarav.
Sara(1962)31D.
L.
R.
(2cd)566172SatNarainv.
Das(1936)IA.
384215Serujiev.
Hanipah(1953)SarawakL.
R.
132Shafiv.
Lijah,1948-49Supplement,M.
L.
J.
131Shahnazv.
Rizwan[1964]2AllE.
R.
993173SheripahUneiv.
MasPoeti(1949)SarawakL.
R.
129Si-Alangv.
Samat(E.
N.
Taylor,CustomaryLawofRembau,J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
19291)122SiawMoiJeav.
LuIngHui[1959]S.
C.
R.
16165276APPENDICESSimSiewGuandeed,IntheEstateof(1924)1M.
L.
J.
95SimThongLai(1955)21M.
L.
J.
25Singhv.
BhaniDevi(1959)A.
I.
R.
SinhaPeerageClaim(1939)171LordsJo.
350[1946]1AllE.
R.
348Sitamdeed,Re(E.
N.
Taylor,CustomaryLawofRembau,J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
19291)SixWidowsCase,ChooAngCheev.
NeoChanNeoandothers(1908)12S.
S.
L.
R.
120SooHaiSan,Re(1961)27M.
L.
J.
221SriBalusuGurulingaswamiv.
SriBalusuRamalaksh-mamma(1898)22Mad.
398P.
C.
SrinivasaAiyerv.
Saraswati(1952)A.
I.
R.
Mad.
193StateofBombayv.
NarasuAppa(1952)A.
I.
R.
Born.
84Subbaravav.
Ramasami(1900)23Mad.
171SyedAliandothersv.
VajaddinI.
L.
R.
63Cal.
851TanAhBeev.
FooKoonThye(1947)13M.
L.
J.
169TanMaShweZinv.
KooSooChong(1939)Ran.
548(P.
C.
)TanHongdeed,Re(1962)28M.
L.
J.
355TangSuiIngv.
GohTiewLiong(1964)30M.
L.
J.
406Tanov.
Ujang,SerembanCivilAppealNo.
5of1948TaySokAnnv.
TaySokHiong[1955]S.
C.
R.
17Teriahv.
Baiyahandthreeothers(N.
S.
CivilAppealNo.
9of1954)Teriahdeed,Re(E.
N.
Taylor,InheritanceinNegriSembilan,1948J.
M.
B.
R.
A.
S.
2)Thangamonatv.
GangayAmmal(1946)12M.
L.
J.
279ThapitaPeterv.
ThapitaLakshmi(1894)I.
L.
R.
17Mad235TheinPetv.
UPet3L.
B.
R.
175(F.
B.
)UPev.
MaungMaungKha(1932)10I.
L.
R.
(Ran-goonSeries)261UPyinnyav.
MaungLaw(1929)A.
I.
R.
Rangoon354UTezav.
MaEGywe(1928)A.
I.
R.
Rangoon3UTilawkav.
ShweKan(1915)29I.
C.
613UnionofBurmav.
M.
V.
Gadhia,Cr.
Misc.
Apl.
18,1960VelayuthaPandaramv.
Suryamurthi(1942)Mad.
219WongChuMingv.
KhoLiangHiong[1952]S.
C.
R.
1WongSueFoong(1961)27M.
L.
J.
221WoonKaiChiangv.
YeoPakYee(1926)S.
S.
L.
R.
27WoonNgeeYewv.
NgYoonThai(1941)7M.
L.
J.
32YapKweeYingv.
LawKiaiFoh(1951)17M.
L.
J.
21YongMongYungv.
ChaiShang(1964)30M.
L.
J.
424Ta-li-yi.
ianP'an-chi.
ieh-liCh'uan-shu(1933ed.
):-Caseno.
596,1913-Caseno.
852,1917XXX,165168232171143155,163,1651652072312312132641602081681741411641421392122138382868585232210165165162160160174157n.
6163INDEXAdat(law,custom),9,11,13,17ff.
,44,266:adatistiadat,63,109-111.
adatMelayu,18ff.
,111,181.
adatperpateh,XXII-XXIV,18ff.
,50ff.
,107-108,112ff.
,18lff.
Seealso,Children,Marriage,etc.
adattemenggong,XXIII,18-20,38,50-54,60,62-63,107-108,131-132,136,181,196.
Adharma,238,240-242,248-249.
Adjectivelaw,seeLaw,procedural.
Administration:Chineseimmigrantcommunity,15lff.
Seealso,CapitanChina.
ecclesiasticalcourts,XXXII-xxxm.
government,6-7,23-26,107-112,188-189.
legal,XVU,XX-XXVII,XL-XLII,7-9,32-37,40-41,68-75,78-84,108-112,150-158,164-165,172-177,207-210,227,234,236-237,242-251.
ofreligion,108-111.
Adoption:adatperpateh,127-130,190-191.
Chinese,48-49,95,149n.
2,163n.
1,165n.
1,166-169.
Hindu,60,203,205,208,212,218-219,230-231,240-241.
Islamiclaw,118,127,129-130,190n.
2.
Japan,95.
SingaporeandMalaysia,xxx,127-130,158,166-169.
Thailand,99,101.
Adultery,43,69,76-77,90-91,93-94,148,150:anddissolutionofmarriage,xxxv,xxxvn,93,104,124,213,226,228,230.
Adversaryproceedings,XXVIII,xxxv-xxxvi,xL,77,173.
Adversuslegem,XXXIX.
Mrica,5-6,176n.
2,177n.
1.
Agnacy,118,199,208-209,211-212,217,265.
Seealso,Sapinda.
Alimony,227-228.
Seealso,Mainte-nance.
Analogy:basisoflegalsystem,xxv-xxVI.
andcustom,267.
legalprecedent,xx-XXI.
Seealso,Precedent.
Anglo-Indiancodesandlegislation,XXIX,68ff.
Ante-nuptialagreement,seePre-nuptialagreement.
Anulomamarriage,218.
Arab(s),Arabia,50,117,145,265.
Arbitrationandconciliation(whichsee),XLI,33,120,124,152,158,165n.
3,176,243-244.
Assault,76,123.
Assumpsit,74.
AustralianTorrensSystem,136,192.
Ayaeconomicsystem,239.
Bersanding(Malaymarriage),XXIII-XXIV,115-116,184.
Betrothal,XXXIII,41,45-46,102,112-117,125,157n.
2,193-194,267.
Bigamy,47-48,99,162-163,169-173,223,226.
Seealso,ChienT'iao,Mar-riage.
Borneo,XXIV,XXXI,XLI,54,60n.
2,151,155,157,164n.
4,165-166,168n.
7,174.
Brahman(ism),119,203-205,209.
Breachofpromise,113-115,244.
Bride(priceof),45,47,60,116-117.
British,XXVII:Burma,XXIX-xxx,67ff.
charters,XXXI,154-156.
India,71,75-77,88,208-210,228-229.
MalaysiaandSingapore,xxx-xxxi,50,88,146-148,151,154-157,159ff.
,167ff.
278INDEXBuddhism,xxm-XXIV,xxx,71,74-75,82,85-86,93-94,100.
Buddhistethics,XXIV,xxx,82-83.
"law",XXIV,xxx,80-88,206.
Burma,XXIV,XXIX-XXX,67ff.
,176n.
2:lawandlegalsystem,XXIII,xxx,xxxv,68ff.
,206,232.
Capitalpunishment,20,25,33,36,43,61,118,150n.
I.
CapitanChina,151-157,174.
Caste{s),XXIV,81,204-205,209,211-212,219,228,237-239,241-243,250.
CatholicChurch,XXXIII,xxxv,229n.
2.
Charismaticjustice,XXUI.
SeeKadi-justice.
Charter(s):XXXI,154-156,174.
Chient'iao(dualsuccession),48-49,163n.
l.
Children:adatperpateh,120-121,127-130,181-185,188,190-191,195-196.
Chineselaw,49,95,149n.
2,164,165ff.
Hindu,60,203,208,212,218,230,240-241.
India,76,230.
Japan,95.
Pakistan,267-268.
Singapore,xxx,XXXIV-XXXV,167-171.
Thailand,XXXIV,94-97,106.
Vietnam,254-257.
Western,XXXIIIn.
1,xxxv.
Seealso,Adoption.
;China,XXIV,XXXI-XXXU,XXXVI,45-49,94-95,146n.
I,150-153,159:provinces,149,157n.
2,165,174n.
I.
Seealso,ChineseMainland,RepublicofChina.
China-buta,127.
Chinese,40,85:law,XXVII-XXVIII,XXXI-xxxu,262-253;Ch'inglaw,XIX,XXIn.
3,XXU-XXUI,XXVIII,XXX,XXXVI,45-49;146ff.
;legalinstitutions,xxu,xxx,148ff.
ChineseMainland,XXXVI,XXXVIII,175n.
2.
Ch'ingDynasty,XXII,148ff.
Christian(s),XXIVn.
6,XXXIII-XXXV,7,94,103,164n.
3,205,220,229n.
2.
Circumstantialevidence,seeEvidence.
Civillaw,XXVIII,xxxu,7,39,70-71,78-84,89ff.
,146ff.
,202ff.
,235ff.
,262ff.
Civil(Continental)law,XXVIII,XXXIV,XXXVIII-XXXIX,9,258.
Clans,xxu,xxv,XXVIII,XXXI,12,29,31-32,49,149-150,152-154,157,217,243.
Codificationandrecordingoflaw,XL,XLII:adat,33-34.
Anglo-Indian,XXIX,68,72,75ff.
Burma,68-69.
Ch'ing,xxu.
England,XLI,176Hindu,202ff.
,250.
Malaysia,43-44,80,176.
Mohammedanlaw(India),218.
Pakistan,264-265.
Sarawak,xxvn.
I;Sea-Dayak,43-44.
Thailand,89ff.
,105-106.
Seealso,Dhammathats,Law.
Coercion,legal,XXVIn.
I,22.
SeeSanctions.
Cognates,118,208.
Colonial:penallaw,7,158.
period,XVII-XVIII,XXVI-XXXU,XXXIV-XXXV,6-11,151-152,156.
policy,XXVI-XXXU,XLI,6-11,38-39,43-44,67-74,79-81,84-87,146-148,151,154-157,167ff.
,208-210,250.
Seealso,Customarylaw,andcolonial-ism,Western.
Command,xVIII,XXVI:Austiniandefinitionoflaw,75.
Seealso,Norms,Sanctions.
Commerciallawandcustom,XVIII,XXXIX,7,39,78-79,88,154.
Commonlaw,xxv,XXX-XXXI,28,74-75,146-147:administration,68-70.
adversaryproceedings,XXVIII,XXXVI,XL,77,173.
anachronismsin,xxx,79-80,88,147,172-173,176.
andcustomarylaw,XXX-XXXI,38,158.
development,xxxu-XXXIv,XLI,XLII,263.
institutions,XXVIII-XXIX,XXXIII.
Malaysia,xxx-XXXI,35n.
I,51,146ff.
INDEX279marriage,XXXI,XXXIII,xxxvn.
1,159,171-172.
relicsof,172-173,176.
Seealso,Evidence,Staredecisis.
Compensationforoffences,fines,xx,20-21,33,36,40,42-43,60-61,91,101,113-115,124-125,223-224,234,244,265.
Seealso,Sanctions.
Conciliation,XIX,XXI-XXII,XXVIII,XXXI,XL-XLII,9,243:proceduresandinstitutions,XXVIII,XXXVI,120,149,153,176,243-244.
Seealso,Arbitration.
Concubinage,47-48,91-97,105,158ff.
,169-171,213.
Seealso,Marriage.
Conflict:avoidanceof,XXVIII,37,158,andseeConciliation.
cultural,5,7,78-79,156-157.
individualandcollectiverights,79,84-86,136-137,192,245-247.
Confucianism,XXIII-XXIV,XXXIV,150,152,159n.
2.
Conjugalpowerofhusband,90-92.
Contractlaw,XXXIX,7,74,78-79.
Conversion:toChristianity,7,40-41,212-213.
andHindumarriage,212-213,226.
toHinduism,58-59.
toIslam,50,209,267.
Coparcenaryjointfamily,seeJointfamily.
Courts:Burma,69-71,75,77-78,81,83--86.
Chinese,XXII,XXVIII,146n.
1,148-150.
Indian,234,241,245,251.
Indonesia,7.
Pakistan,xu.
Roman,XXXII.
Singapore-Malaysia,154-156,160ff.
Western,XVIIff.
,7,39,69-71,75,77--80,83--84,146-147,154-156,158ff.
,234,241.
Criminallaw,xxxv,36,39,61-63,74-77,89,148,250.
Culture,3--8,13-16:culturalconflict,5,7,78-79,156-157.
Seealso,Society.
Customandusage,17,236:determinationandproofof,xxx,XLII,137,165,263-265.
andlaw,XVI,XXIvff.
,21-23,38,105-106,144-145,146ff.
,263-267.
influencedlaw,XXXVIII-XXXIX,xu,89,202-205,239-240,262-268.
withlegalconsequences,17,82-83,145,174.
Seealso,Adat,Customarylaw,Norms.
Customaryland,seeProperty.
Customarylaw:administrationandprocedure,XIX-XXIII,XXVI-XLII,32-37,39,242-247,249.
administrationbyWesternpowers,XXVI-XXXII,38-39,80--88,146ff.
Borneo,XXXI,XLI.
Burmese,XXIII,XXIV,XXIX-XXX,74ff.
,206.
characteristics,XVIIIff.
,8-9,17ff.
,75,148ff.
,234ff.
,263-264.
Chinese,XXI-XXIII,XXVIII,xxx,XXXVI,XXXVIII,45-49,146ff.
,252-253.
andcolonialism,XVII,XXV-XXXII,9-11,38-39,68-69,72-78,164ff.
,208-209,263-265.
andcommonlaw,XXXVIII-XXXIX.
andcustom,XXVI,xxx,17-18,21-22,267.
customaryrulesincommercialandsocialinstitutions,XXXIX.
andmodernformallegalinstitutions,242.
Hindu,XXIV,XXXVII,202ff.
,234ff.
,249-250.
Indonesian,XXIV-XXV,XXVII,XXIX,8ff.
Islamic,XXIII-XXIV,XXXVII,107ff.
,265-267.
Malay,XXII-XXIII,XXXVII,18ff.
,51-63,107ff.
,18lff.
modernizationandchange,XVIIff.
,7,10-11,15,33-35,38-39,80ff.
,144-145,165-166,174-176,202-203,250-251,266-268.
inmodernizingsociety,XXXII-XXXIX,11-13,15.
andnationalgoals,XXVII,XXXVIII,XLI-XLII,11-13,147,231n.
3.
Pakistan,XXXVIII,XLI,262,264,267-268.
peasantsociety,XX-XXI,XXXIX.
andpositivelaw,XVII,xxVIff.
,4-5,7-10,23,38-39,73ff.
,89-90,97,136-137,146-148,157ff.
,228,234-236,280INDEX239,242,249-251,261-263.
pre-industrialsociety,xvw,XXXIX.
pre-literatesociety,XIX-XXI,XXXIX.
andreligion,xxm-XXVI,xxxvu-xxxvm,38,l08ff.
,235-241.
Sea-Dayak,XXII,40-44.
socialimportanceof,xxvu,xxxvur,37-38,250.
sources,18-21,76,144-145,202-205,263-267.
Thailand,XXXIV,XXXVI,90-92,94,206.
Vietnam,XXIV,XXXVII,252-261.
Westernsociety,XXXVUI-XXXIX,XLI.
Seealso,Codification.
Debt,20,78-79,214-215,255-257.
Democracy,23-24,88,188-189.
Seealso,Election.
Detentionwithouttrial,157.
Dhamma(morallaw),75.
Dhammathat(s),xxx,82-84,206-207.
Seealso,Dharmasastra.
Dharma(justice,law),53n.
1,235,240-242,244,248-250.
Dharmasastra(s),60,62,202n.
3,204,207.
Seealso,Dhammathats.
Dissolutionofmarriage,90,100-101,104-105,121-123,213,222,224-229,231,265,267-268.
Seealso,Divorce,Marriage.
Divination,xx,45.
Divineauthority,202,266.
Divorce,xxxv-XXXVID:adatperpateh,XXXVII,32,119-127,130,133,187-188,193-194.
Burma,xxx,xxxv,80,87.
Chinese,XXXVI,165-166,174,conciliationandreconciliation,XXXVI,119-120,123-124,165n.
3,194,228.
conflictbetweenAsianandWesternlaw,xxxv-xxxvur,169,171-173.
Hindu,XXXVII,212-213,219-221,225-230,239.
Mormon,172.
Muslim,XXXVII,125-126,171n.
1,265.
Pakistan,XLI,265.
Philippines,xxxvu.
ofpotentiallypolygamousmarriages,seeMarriage.
byredemption,XXXVIn.
4,124.
reformofdivorcelaw,XXXV-XXXVI,170-173,213,219-221.
registrationof,103.
Sea-Dayak,41-42.
Singapore,XXXVI-xxxvu,171-173.
Thailand,XXXVI,89-90,92-93,103-105.
Vietnam,xxxvu.
inWest,XXXV-XXXVII,103,172.
Divorce,groundsfor:adultery,xxxv,xxxvu,104,213,225-226,228.
bigamy,213,226.
breakingbondofgoodbehavior,104.
conversion,212-213,226,228-229.
cruelty,assault,xxxvu,104,123,213,219,225.
desertion,disappearance,xxxvu,104,123,213,219,225-226.
disease,XXXVII,104,213,225-227,229.
disproportionalpunishment,92.
failuretocohabit,213,226.
failuretomaintain,xxxvu,104,123.
grossmisconduct,104.
imprisonment,104.
inabilitytocohabit,impotency,104.
mutualconsent,xxxv-xxxVI,103,165n.
2,173.
rape,sodomy,bestiality,226.
renunciationoftheworld,226,228.
unsoundnessofmind,idiocy,XXXVII,104,219,225-227.
Seealso,Dissolutionofmarriage.
Dualsuccession,48-49,163n.
l.
Eclipseofusufruct,200-201.
Economics,economy,6,14,17,79,88,238-239,248.
Education:children,182-185,228.
andsocialchange,XLII,15,231n.
3.
Election(s),xxu,xu,40,107-108,153,188-189.
Empiricaljustice,xx-xxu,XXVI-XXVII,XLD.
Seealso,Justice.
Endogamy,18.
Englishcolonies,XXVII,XXIXn.
2,67ff.
Seealso,Anglo-Indiancodesandlegis-lation,British,etc.
Estates,seeInheritance,Property.
Evidence,77:circumstantial,35-36,61-62.
determinationofcustom,xxx,XLD,137,165,263-265.
INDEX281faked,XXXVn.
4.
rulesof,61,146.
Exogamy,XXII,18-19,22,50n.
1,149n.
2,185,193,200.
Extraterritoriality,XXXI,XXXIV,98.
Factumvalet,211.
Family,XVIII:headof,101-102,189,192,252,254.
hierarchy,XVIIIn.
3,xxv,238-241.
joint,203,205,213-217,230-231,243.
intribalsociety,185-186,193,196-199.
Festivals,xx,40,238,244,248.
Fines,seeCompensationforoffences.
Formallegalinstitutionsandpersonnel,XVII,XIX,XXI-XXII,XXVII-XXVIII,XLU,175:Asian,XXIX,XXII,XXX-XXXI,XLII,40,58,69-71,146-149,154-158,167,176-177,234-235,251.
Western,Western-style,XXVII-XXVIII,XXX-XXXUI,XL,88,154-157,160ff.
,176-177.
Seealso,Courts.
France,XXXVIII,71,76,96,203,258.
Fraud,XXXVn.
4,224.
Funerals,142-144,153-154,187,194-195.
Gentry,XIX,XXII,150-152.
Gambling,150n.
1,184.
Great(er)tradition,XIX,XXI-XXII,xxv-xxVII.
Guardianship,99-100,230,267.
Harmony,aimoflaw,37,158.
Seealso,Conciliation.
Heir(s):adatperpateh,27,127-128,133-134,190-191.
adoption,49,95,149n.
2,163n.
1,166-168.
Burma,78.
China,49,95,149n.
2,159,163n.
I,164n.
1,166-168,240-241.
importanceof,95,159,207,240.
India,207-208,230,240-241.
Japan,95.
Muslimlaw,131.
Thailand,91,95,97.
Vietnam,258.
Seealso,Inheritance.
Hindu(s),52,73,81-82,205,262:customs(s),202,205,208,233,239-241.
dissolutionofmarriage,212-213,220-222,andseeDivorce.
influenceinAsia,XXIII-XXIV,20,50,61,74-75,liS,205-207.
law,60-63,202ff.
;andBritishrule,xxx,81,87,208-210;contracts,74;history,202-205;reform,XXXVII,217-232;andreligion,XXXVII,207-208,220-221.
religion,seeReligion;conversion,58-59,212-213,226,267.
society,210,234ff.
Seealso,India,Jointfamily.
Historicalschool,XLII,8-13,15.
Seealso,vanVollenhoven.
Hukumshara(Muslimlaw,whichsee),20n.
2,109,141.
Husband,XXXVIn.
3,XXXVII,29-32,46,48,90-92,101-103,120-122,125-126,192,197-199,227-228,252,254,257.
Iban,seeSea-Dayak.
Illegitimacy,XXXIU-XXXIV,94-96,105-106,2ll,125,170-171,230,267.
I~gration,26,36,52,54-55,79,107n.
I,146n.
I,149-153,205.
Incest,18-19,36,41,61.
India(n):Britishin,67,72-74,80-88,250,262.
influence,xxm,xxx,50-63,67,71-74,76,79,88,206.
lawandlegalinstitutions,XXIV,9,81,202ff.
,234ff.
;adoption,240-241;Anglo-Indiancodesandlegislation(whichsee);arbitration,243-244;capitalpunishment,61;codes,71-74,76-77,88;divorce,dissolutionofmarriage,XXXVII,212,219-221,225,227-228,239;marriage,76,210,222-224.
settlers,19,54,59,168.
society,XXXII,5-6,62--63,88,205,217,234ff.
Seealso,Brahman,Jain,Hindu,Sikh.
Individualrights:26,79,84-86,88,136-137,192,245-247,250.
Indonesia,XXIV-xxv,XXIX,.
§.
,J!
.
.
ff.
Informallegalinstitutions,xrx-xx,XXII,XXV,XXVIU,XXXVI,XLI,25,33,40-41,44,149-154,156-157,162n.
1,175n.
2,177,236-250,255.
Inheritance,xxx,ll-12:adatperpateh,28-29,128,130ff.
,144,282INDEX181,190-191,200-201.
adattemenggong,131-132,136,181.
Burma,xxx,80-81,83,87.
Chinese,162n.
1,163-164,166-168,171.
France,XXXIX.
Hindu,203,205,207-209,214-219,230-231,239-240.
MainlandChina,xxxvni.
Muslim,129-132,136,138-142,163n.
2,164,181,190,192,200-201,265,267-268.
Pakistan,262-263,267.
Thailand,96-97.
Vietnam,253,256,259,261.
Western,XXXIIIn.
l.
Seealso,Intestacy,Property,Suc-cession.
Intermarriage,84-85,87,211-213,218.
Intestacy,97,129,132,164-165,168,170,219,230-231,267.
Islam(ic),xxm-XXIV,xxx,6,181:conversion,50,209,267.
law,XLI,9,20,105,108;andcustom,265-267;andcustomarylaw,XXIV,51,l07ff.
,192,267-268.
SeealSo,Law.
Seealso,Marriage,Muslim,etc.
Jain(s),209,211-212,234,239.
Japan(ese),xvni,XXIV,67,94-95,129n.
2,146n.
l.
Jirgasystem,XXXVIII.
Jointfamily,203,205,213-217,230-231,243.
Judgment(s):adatperpateh,37.
Burmese,75.
convictiononsuspicion,62.
informal,XXI.
"thrustingfishtrap",35.
Judicialsovereignty,176n.
l.
Judiciary:independenceof,70,88.
meaningfultopeople,XXXI.
Seealso,Formallegalinstitutions.
Jurisdiction,XXXIII,2_5-26,40,107,109,148,154-156,171-172.
Juries,XXIX,69,90,242.
Justice,26,68--69,196,249:administration,XX-XXIII.
charismatic,XXIII.
SeeKadi-justice.
community'ssenseof,xxvn,240-241,249.
"Justice,equityandgoodconscience",81,86-87,240,262,267.
Seealso,Empiricaljustice,Rationaljustice.
Kadi-justice,XX-XXIII,XXVI-xxvn,XLII.
Kathi,xxxvn,120,122-124,126.
Koran(Quran),XLI,110,144-145,182-184,191-192,199,266-267.
Languages:Arabic,17,127.
Burmese,XXIX,68.
Dravidian,56-58.
Malay,50,127;etymologyof,17,19,52-58.
Malayalam,19,55-57.
Sanskrit,18,53-59,63,206.
Tamil,55-56.
Thaiscript,90.
Law(s):administration,xvn:adatperpateh,32-37,109-112.
Chinese,157-158.
customarylaw,seeCustomarylaw.
India,61.
Muslim,xxxvn,108-112,120,122-124,126.
Western:Burma,68-69,80-88;India,XVDIn.
3,xxv,xxVIIff.
,208ff.
,Malaysia,19,136-142,146-147,158,160ff.
;Pakistan,262-263.
Seealso,Formallegalinstitutions.
classifications,xx-XXI,242-247.
definition,XVDI,XXVI,17-18,20,75,86.
developmentandhistory,xvni,8,235-236:adatperpateh,18-19,21,50ff.
Burmese,75.
Hindu,202-205.
influenceson:customary,xvn,XXXVI,XXXVDI-XXXIX,XLI-XLII,144-145,265-266;religious,XXIII-XXIV,XXXII-XXXIV,XXXVI-XXXVII,XLI,82-83,85-86,140,144-145,205-208.
Seealso,Law,sourcesof.
importationof,XXXIV-XXXVI,XLI,7-8,7lff.
,80,136-138,146-147,154ff.
'173,175,250-251.
modernization,XXXVII-XXXVIII,XL-XLII,13,64,80,88,202-203,209,INDEX283218,251:basisof,XLI-XLII,147,171n.
1,173-177.
civillaw,78-80.
customarylaw,84.
familylaw,XXXI-XXXII,XXXIV,XLI,89ff.
,146n.
1,169-177.
marriagelaw,89ff.
,159ff.
,219-224.
lawofpropertyandsuccession,217-220.
pressuresfor,XXXI-XXXII,88,89-90,92,96-98,177n.
1,213,217.
problemsof,78-79,87-88,97,106,131-132,138,231.
reactionsto,92-98,219-221,251.
responsetoneedsofpeople,89-90,97,202-203,217-218.
Muslim,XXIV,144-145,265-266.
positive,XXV-XXVI,XXIX,XXXIV,80:Anglo-Indianlegislation,XXIX,68ff.
Burma,XXIX,xxx,69,71-81,83-84,88.
Chinese,XXIIIn.
2,xxx,149-150,157,162-164.
andcustomarylaw,seeCustomarylaw.
DutchEastIndies,39.
France,XXXIX.
India:ancient,XXIV,74,94,202n.
3,204,206,220;modern,xxx,68ff.
,203,210-217,220ff.
,251.
Malaysia,165ff.
modern,andcustomarylaw,5,7.
religiouscodes,XXXVIII.
Thailand,89ff.
Vietnam,252-261.
Seealso,Codification.
privateandpubliclaw,89,242-249.
problemsofWesternizationofindige-nouslaw,XVII-XVIII,XL-XLI,72-73,81-88,94,105-106,146-147,163-164,167-169,171-172,251.
procedural,XL-XLI,236:civil,78-80,103,146,229.
criminal,75-78.
customary,xx,XXIII.
informallegalinstitutions,33-37,61-62,242-247.
Seealso,Adversaryproceedings,Conciliation.
roleof,75,147n.
2,236:socialchange,XXXIV-xxxv,XLII,15,105,174-175;problems,XXXIV-XXXV,89,97,105-106,174-177.
socialcontrol,xxvm,105,236-238,249.
Seealso,Norms,Sanctions.
socialharmony,xx,9,37,158,234.
substantive:codes,71-74,76-77,80.
conflict,WesternandAsiansub-stantivelaw,XXXIII-XXXVI,XLI,76-79,85-86,88,176-177.
criminallaw,60-61.
familylaw,XXXIV-XXXVII,XXXIX,60-61,76,83,90ff.
,146,157,159ff.
,18lff.
,210-217,219ff.
,267.
propertylaw,78-79,85-86,136-142,252ff.
,263-264.
267.
Seealso,Customarylaw,Divorce,Marriage,Property.
variationsin,XXVI,XXXII,XLII,12,239,250.
Seealso,Westernlaw.
Law,schoolsof:Alyasantana(Kanara),209.
Hindu,218-219:Dayabhaga,208,211,215-216,219;Mitakshara,208,211,213-216,219,230.
Historicalschool,XLII,8,15.
Seealso,vanVollenhoven.
Marumakkathayam(Malabar),58-59,209.
Muslim:Hanafi,110,112n.
1;Han-bali,110,112n.
1;Maliki,110,112n.
1;Shafii,109-112.
Law,sourcesof,XVIII,XXIV:adatperpateh,18-22,50-54,130.
adattemenggong,18-20.
analogytosocialrelationships,XXV-XXVI.
Burmese,74,82-84,206-207.
commonlaw,XXXII-XXXIII,XLI.
ecclesiasticallaw,XXXII-XXXIII.
Englishfamilylaw,XXXII-XXXIV.
Frenchcivillaw,XXXVIII-XXXIX.
Hindu,XXIV,202-205,209,233.
Indonesianadat,9.
Jewishlaw,XXXII.
Mohammedanlaw,XXIV,144-145,265-267.
Pakistan,XXXVIII,51,263-267.
Papalregulations,XXXII.
Romanlaw,XXXII,8-9,80.
Scriptures,XXXII.
284INDEXSea-Dayak,4{).
socialevolution,XXIX-XXXIV,XXXVII,XLI-XLII,8,14,22,235-236,239.
Thailand,89-90.
Seealso,Customarylaw,Law,de-velopmentandhistory,Norms.
LettersofPatent,71,155n.
4.
Lexloci,74,87,172n.
4.
Li(rites),XXII-XXIn,xxx,157,176.
Li-chia,xxu,150-151.
Lineage,XIX,XXII,XXV,XXVIII,XXXI,149-150,243.
Seealso,Clans,Sur-name.
Littletradition,XIX,XXI,XXVI-XXVII,XXXII.
Magic,xx,xxv-xxVI,6,8,244.
Maintenance,XXXVII,101,104,118,120-121,123,125,213,217,225-228,267.
Malacca(andAlorGajah,Naning),XXIV,18,20,24,50n.
I,61,63,107,111,114-115,117,125-127,131,133,155,181,187.
Malay(s),32,4{),50-51,107:custom,XXIV,18--23,30,32,37-38,109,112ff.
,181.
language,19,50,52-58.
tribalsociety,xxn-xxm,xxxn,20-21,23ff.
,50-51,107-108,185ff.
Seealso,Adat,Customarylaw,Marriage,etc.
Malaya,XXIV,xxx,59,130-131,151,154-156,164-170,176.
Malaysia,XXX-XXXI,xu,22,40-44,50-51,56,63-64,80,88,107ff.
,l46ff.
,232.
Manu,Lawsof,74,95,202,204-207,210,212.
Seealso,Narada,Yajnaval-kya.
Marriage,II:Borneo,XLI,166.
Burma,xxx,xxxv,80,83-85,87.
Chinese:modern,XXX-XXXI,XXXIV-xxxv;ceremony,160-161;polygamy,XXX-XXXI,154,155n.
1,158ff.
;proofof,160-161.
traditional,45-49;customsandceremonies,xxni,45-46,157n.
2,171n.
1;dualsuccession,48--49,163n.
1;fosterdaughterinlaw,49,165n.
1;polygamy,xxx,47-49,154,158-160,162n.
I;restrictionsto,49,159.
Hindu,205,210-212,218ff.
,232,241,262.
Burma,81,232.
ceremonies,XXIV,211-212,222.
conditionsto,211,222-224.
illegal,223-224.
intercaste,218--219.
marriagelaw,211,218-220,222-224,229-232.
monogamy,210,219-221,223,225-226,231.
nullity,222,224,229.
restrictionsto,211,219,222-224.
sacrament,210-211,222-223.
validity,211,218.
voidandvoidable,222,224,229.
Malay,XXII-XXIV,XXXVII,57,112-119,125,189,192-200:antenuptialagreement,XXXVII,123.
ceremoniesandcustoms,xxni-XXIv,112-118,184,193-194.
customary,45-49.
customarylawof,31-32.
exogamy,18,195.
polygamy,32,119,121.
property,120-123,133,187-188,199-200.
restrictionsto,18,32,118,198--200.
rulers,23-24.
statusofhusband,XXXVII,29-32,119,122,189,195-199.
suspended,115.
tribalbond,112,119,185-186,193,195-198.
"mixed",84-85,87,219.
monogamy,XXXIn-xxxv,43,89ff.
,118,169-172,198,209n.
2,219-221,223,231.
Mormon,xxxni,172.
Muslim,xxni-XXIV,XXXVII,112,170n.
3,262,265,267:contract,xxni,115,222,265.
ceremoniesandcustoms,XXIII-XXIV,115-118,265.
polygamy,118--119,163n.
2,265.
restrictions,118,199-200,265.
statusofhusband,189,192.
temporarymarriage,265.
polygamy,XXX-XXXI,XXXIV-XXXV,32,43,47-49,76,83,89ff.
,105,118-119,121,154,155n.
1,158ff.
,169-173,210,219-220,223,225-INDEX285226,231,256,265.
Seealso,Marri-age,potentiallypolygamous.
polygyny,XXXIv-xxxv,seePolygamy.
potentiallypolygamousmarriage,XXXI,XXXIII,159,171-172,173n.
1.
proofof,xu,92,98,100,160-161,166,170.
registration,XLI,92-93,98,100,166,169-171,224.
Sea-Dayak,41-43.
Thailand,XXXIV,89ff.
:ceremoniesandcustoms,92-98.
conditionsto,99-101.
conjugalpowerofhusband,90-92.
memorandumofKingVajiravudh,92-97.
monogamy,89,92-93,96-98.
polygamy,XXXIV,89,9lff.
registration,92-93,98,100.
Turkish,XXXIII.
validityof,87,100-101,166,211,218.
Vietnam,252ff.
voidandvoidable,100-101,222,224,229.
Western,xxx-xxXI,XXXIII-XXXV,94,159,228-229:civilmarriage,XXXIII.
definitionofmarriage,XXXIII-XXXV,172.
religiousmarriage,XXXII-XXXIII.
Matriarchy,107,181,185n.
2,209n.
2.
Matriliny,xxn-XXIn,18-19,38,50n.
1,54,56,58,181,185,190,196.
Matrilocalresidence,31,119.
Mediation,seeArbitration,Conciliation.
Minangkabau(s),XXIII,12,18-19,22,26,36,51-57,59--60,107,125,130.
Misconduct,257.
Mohammed,Prophet,143-145,171n.
1,265.
Mohammadanlaw,seeIslamiclaw,Muslimlaw.
Monarchy,6,23-24,89-90,andseeRoyalty.
Murder,150:bloodmoney,60--61.
restitutionoflife,196.
retribution,196.
Muslim(s),38,40,58-59,82,105,107,192,209,220,231,237:funerals,142.
law(HukumShara),xxx,73-75,80-81,87,105,111-112,144-145,231,262,265-267:andadat,XXIII-XXIV,XXXVII,20n.
2,38,112ff.
,190,192;adminis-tration,XXXVII,108-112,120,122-124,126;personalandfamilylaw,125,267-268.
Seealso,Adoption,Divorce,In-heritance,Marriage.
religion,XXIV,108-112,144,266.
Seealso,Islam.
Narada,HinduCodeof,202,212,220.
Nationalism,14,147.
NegriSembilan,xxn-XXIv,18-19,50-51,55-57,59,107ff.
,181,187.
Norm(s):ofcommunity,xxv-xxVI,4--5,8-9,17-18,20,23,33,39-40,94,144--145,150,175,181,225,235ff.
,265-266.
breachof,xx,22,40,75,236-238,242-248(andseeSanctions).
euphoriaanddysphoriaofsociety,234,242.
withlegalconsequences,XXVI.
andcustomarylaw(whichsee),XVIII,XXII-XXIII,XLII,13.
customaryrules,XXII,XXIV.
normativesystem,235-238,249-250.
religiousandethical,influencedcustomarylaw,XIX,XXII-XXVII,XXX,XXXII-XXXIII,XXXV-XXXVIII,XLI-XLII,144,202,206-207,235,266.
state,XVIII:nationalgoals,XLI-XLIII.
Seealso,Adat,Justice,Law,sourcesof,Values.
Nullity,222,224,229.
Oath,244,266.
Offences:classificationof,76.
rectificationof,xx,36,40,61.
Oracle,XXIII,244.
Ordealinadjudication,xx,XXIII,244.
Outlawry,61.
Pakistan,XXXIX,XLI,51,176n.
2,232,262-268.
Pao-chia,XXII,150-151.
ParapatihnanSa-batang,18-21,34n.
5,52-53.
Patriarchy,181,185n.
2,195.
Patriliny,18,149n.
2,181,185n.
2,217.
286INDEXPerjury,xxxv,35,173n.
2.
Personalinjury,XXVIIIn.
2,36.
Political:power,XVIII,XXVIII,17,152.
systems,6,150.
values,239.
Polyandry,xxxvn.
3.
Praeterlegem,XXXIX.
Precedent(s),XX-XXI,33-34,68,147,158,237,265.
Seealso,Analogy,Staredecisis.
Pre-nuptialagreement,XXXVII,102,121,123.
Primogeniture,23,83,239-240.
PrivyCouncil,XXXI,83-84,176,206-207,263.
Property:acquired(realandmovable),121-122,130,133-136,140-141,187.
adatperpateh,27-28,78,83,127,130,132-134,140,142,186,190--192.
andMuslimlaw,112,138,144,192.
ancestral:movable,12.
real,21,27-29,78-79,127-129,133-139,190-191,200-201,263;customaryland,131-132,137-142,192,200;tenure,12-13,26-29,78-79,130,133-134,136-139,186-187,190-192,201,238,263.
Burma,78,83,85-86.
Chinese,xxx,162n.
1,163-164,166-168,170.
Hindu,211,214-215,239-240.
inheritanceof,127ff.
,162ff.
,181,186-187,214-215,239-240,243,252ff.
matrimonial,90,101-103,120--124,130-131,187-189,228,252-253,257.
ante-nuptialagreement,102,121,123.
dissolutionofmarriage,101;di-vorce,32,42,120-124,134,187-188.
separate,102,121-122,135,257.
Muslim,131,142,192,267-268.
Pakistan,263,267-268.
personal,133.
privatepropertyrightsandsocialwelfare,8,10.
Vietnam,254-258.
Westernlaw,7,10,78.
Propheticdicta,xx,XXIII.
Prostitution,93,213.
Publicopinion,63,221,244,249.
Publicsecuritylegislation,157n.
1.
Punjab,204-205,209,214,262-263.
Quran,seeKoran.
Rationaljustice,XXI-XXII,XXVI,XLII.
Seealso,Justice.
Reconciliation,XXIn.
4,XXXVI-XXXVII,194.
Relationship,seeAgnacy,Children,Sapinda.
Religion(s):administration,108-111.
ancestorworship,XXXVIII,95,166-167,207,240.
animism,xx,6,40.
Brahminism,203-205,209,222.
Buddhism,XXIII-XXIV,xxx,71,73,75,82,85-86,93-94,100.
Christianity,XXXII-XXXIII,xxxv,7,94,103,205-206,222.
Confucianism,XXIII-XXIV,XXXIV,XXXVI,45,95,150,152.
conversion,7,40-41,50,58-59,209,212-213,226,267.
Hindu,XXIV,XXXVII,95,205,207-208,220,222.
andlaw,XXIII-XXVI,XXXVII-XXXVIII,38,108ff.
,235-241.
magic,XX,XXV-XXVI,6,8,244.
Muslim,XLI,144,192,andseeKoran.
norms,(whichsee),236.
sanctions,238-239.
villagesociety,6.
Seealso,Dharma,Festivals,Jain.
Religious:influences,XVIII,XXIV,XXXII-XXXIII,XXXV-XXXVII,50-51,94,103,205,207,238-239.
institutions,XVIII,XXVII,81.
lawandcodes,XVIII-XIX,xxv,XXVII,XXXII,XXXVIII,XLI,205.
Seealso,Dharmasastra,Manu,Vedas.
Remarriage,xxxv,43,46-48,99-101,103,126-127,210-212,227,239,257.
RepublicofChina(Taiwan),XXXVI,146n.
1.
Revelation,insettlementofcases,xx,XXIII.
Seealso,Kadi-justice.
Ritual(s),xx,XXIn.
4,194.
Romanlaw,XXXII,8-9,80.
INDEX287Royalty,xxn,xxv,xu,6,23-25,47,63,67,71,90-91,96.
Seealso,Monarchy.
Sabah,~,ll7,129,146,153,164,175.
Sanctions,22,242:annulment(ofpropertytransfer),255-256.
apology,150n.
I.
capitalpunishment,whichsee.
corporalpunishment,91-92,125,150n.
I.
criminal,~-XXXV.
andcustomarylaw,238.
andDharma,244,249.
economic,17.
excommunication,245.
exile,banishment,61,125,245.
exposure,69.
expulsionfromlineage,150.
fines,seeCompensationforoffences.
imprisonment,43.
legal,XXVIn.
1,17.
oralcensure,150n.
I.
ostracism,17.
penal,242,246.
penance,61.
political,17.
positiveandnegative,17,249.
andpublicopinion,63.
religious,62,238.
restitution,xx,21,36,69,196.
socialcensure,xx,236,244-245,249.
suicide,150n.
I.
verbalcensure(nicknames,ridicule),244.
Sapinda,211,223-224.
Seealso,Agnacy.
Sarawak,XIX-xx,xxn,xxvn.
1,~.
40-44,111-113,117,119,122-125,129-130,132,146,153,155,164,175.
Sea-Dayaks(!
ban),xx,XXII,40-44.
Secretsocieties,150-153,156--157,174.
Secundumlegem,XXXVIII.
Separation:judicial,groundsfor:adultery,225,230;cruelty,225,230;desertion,225,229-230;disease,225.
separateresidenceandmaintenance,groundsfor,213.
Siam,seeThailand.
Sikh,209,211-212,247.
Singapore,XXX-~,~v,XXXVI-XXXVII,59,115,130,146ff.
,232.
Smritis,74,95,202,204-207,209-210,212,220.
Socialchange,XXXVIII,13-14,79:andcustomandusage,xxxvm-~x,xu,22,34,38-39,145,158,166,170-171,174-175,202,263.
Seealso,Customarylaw.
andeducation,XLII,231n.
3.
andlawandlegislation,XXXVIII-XLII,7-13,97,147-148,169-177,202-203,220ff.
,249,263.
Seealso,Law.
Socialcontrol,XXVIII,4,249.
Seealso,Law,Sanctions.
Socialsystems,3ff:infactoriesandoffices,XIXn.
3,XXIn.
2.
modern,xxvn.
6,5.
Seealso,Western.
pre-modern,XVIII,5-6,236:peasant,XVIII-XXII,XXVI-XXVII,78--79;pre-industrial,6,14;pre-literate,XVIII-xxn,XXVI-XXVII,XXXVIII;tribal,XXII,XXXVIII,XLI,23-25,33,107-108,119,133-134,136,140-141,185-187,189-190,193-201,213,266.
Seealso,Malays,Village.
Socialwelfare,XVIIIn.
3,xxv,8,40,79,81,84-87,89ff.
Sororate,200.
SouthEastAsia,5-6,11,59,151.
Srutis,202,204.
Seealso,Vedas.
Staredecisis,xxx,XL,XLII,146,176.
Suicide,150n.
I.
Surname:andadoption,149n.
2,166--167.
andmarriage,49,159.
organizations,149-150,152-154.
Seealso,Clans.
Survivorship,214,219.
Tamanggungan,Kei,18--20,52-53.
Taxes,25-26,28,78.
Thailand,xxrv,~-XXXII,~.
89-106,206.
Theft,robbery,pilfering,40,60,69,76,184,238,244.
Torrenssystem,seeAustralianTorrenssystem.
Tort,74,76,123,242.
Treason,150n.
I.
Trial,XL,77,242-245.
Seealso,Ad-versaryproceedings,Law,Oracle,Ordeal.
Tribalsociety,seeSocialsystems.
Ultimogeniture,239-240.
Undividedfamily,203,214.
SeeJointfamily.
288INDEXValue(s),3-4,6-7,14-15,239-240.
Seealso,Norms.
vanVollenhoven,C.
,xxv,XXVII,xxxvm,8-12.
Vedas,202-203,205,209n.
4:Vedicperiod,60,210.
Vietnam,XXIV,XXXVII,252-261.
Village(s),xxvm-xxxx,xu,6--8,11,13,40,78-79,149,234ff.
,263:leaders,xu,33,158,236-237.
Waqfs,267-268.
Westernlaw,xxvff.
Seealso,Civillaw,Commonlaw,Formallegalinsti-tutions,Law.
WesternlawandlegalinstitutionsinAsia,XVII-XVIU,XXVI-XXXII,XXXVII,XXXIX-XL,7-10,39,63,68ff.
,136-142,146-147,154-157,159,162,167ff.
,208-210,229,234-235,250-251,262-265.
Westernsocietyandculture,XIX,xxxv,5-16,89.
Seealso,Colonial.
WesternizationofAsianfamilylaw,92,97-98,146-148,158ff.
,210ff.
WesternizedminorityinAsia,XVII,xu,14-15,147.
Widow,42-43:adoptionby,230.
inheritance,91,96-97,131-132,141-142,162-164,217-219,230,252-261,263.
remarriage,47,99-100,210-212.
Widower,43,200,252.
Wife,xxx-xxxx,xxxv,XXXVII,29,31-32,46-49,91-97,101-102,158-164,195,198,210.
Seealso,Divorce,Inhe-ritance,Marriage.
Wills,97,102,142,168n.
7,209,218,267.
Seealso,Inheritance,Intestacy.
Women,positionof,46-47,76-77,91-93,145,189-191,214-217,252.
Seealso,Marriage,Matriliny.
Yajnavalkya,202,210n.
1.
Yangdi-PertuanAgong,Ill.
Yangdi-PertuanBesar,23-25,51,55-56,Ill.