Istanbulm.kan84.net

POSTFACEAtthemomentofsubmittingthemanuscripttothepublisher,andwhilegoingthroughthemanyarticlescollectedforthisbook,werealizethatthisundertakingwouldnothavebeenpossiblewithouttheefforts,supportandhelpprovidedbymanyindividuals,institutesandinstitutions.
FirstofallwewanttoextendourgratitudetoNATOandDrF.
Pedrazzini,ProgrammeDirectorChemistry/Biology/Physics,formakingthisAdvancedResearchWorkshopandtherelatedbookpublicationpossibleatall.
WeappreciatedhistactfulanddiscreteguidanceinthepreparationprocessoftheWorkshopandthefactthattheorganizerswereofferedanalmosttotalfreedomtoact.
Wewishtothankallspeakers,writersandparticipants.
WeappreciatedtherelaxedandfriendlyatmosphereinwhichtheWorkshopandthearticlewritingtookplace.
ConsideringtherecenthistoryoftheFormerYugoslaviaandtheBalkans,itwasnotobviousandcouldnotbetakenforgranted.
WeareindebtedtotheFacultyofGeologyandMininginStipforprovidingmuchoftheWorkshop'slogisticsandtheDirectorGeneraloftheRoyalMeteorologicalInstituteofBelgiumDrHMalcorpsforallowinghisstafftospendtime,travelandparticipateasorganizerandspeakers.
WewouldalsoliketothankBetsyandAlanBerarducciforreading,correctingandpolishingtheEnglishlanguageofthepaperspresentedinthisvolume.
Wefeelthattheircontributionhasaddedalotofvaluetothefinaltext.
FinallywewishtomentionappreciationtothebeautifulancientcityofOhridanditsinhabitantsforthewonderfulhospitality.
JeanRasson&TodorDelipetrov,Editors,Dourbes-tip,February2006.
355ADDRESSESOFAUTHORSAlanMBerarducciGeomagnetismGroup,USGSGoldenBox25045,MS966,DFCDenverCO80225USAberarducci@usgs.
govMarioBrkicUniversityofZagrebFacultyofGeodesy,DeprtmentofGeomaticsKaciceva26,HR10000Zagreb,Croatiamario.
brkic@geof.
hrIvanAssenovButchvarovGeophysicalInstituteAcad.
G.
BonchevSt.
,Block3,Sofia1113,BulgariaBuch@geophys.
bas.
bgTomislavBaiüFacultyofGeodesy,Kaiüeva26,HR10000Zagreb,CroatiaB.
Ca÷layanB.
U.
KandilliObservatoryandEarthquakeResearchInstituteCengelkoy34680Istanbul-TurkeyCengizCelikB.
U.
KandilliObservatoryandEarthquakeResearchInstituteCengelkoy34680Istanbul-Turkeycelikc@boun.
edu.
trIlyaCholakovGeophysicalInstituteAcad.
G.
BonchevSt.
,Block3,Sofia1113,BulgariaCholakov@inter-pan.
netRudiopFacultyofMaritimeStudiesandTransportPotpomorscakov4,6320Portoroz,Sloveniarudi.
cop@fpp.
eduAngeloDeSantisIstitutoNazionalediGeofisicaeVulcanologiaSezionidiRomaViadiVignaMurata,605,I-00143ROMA,Italiadesantisag@ingv.
itMarjanDelipetrovFacultyofMiningandGeology,DepartmentofGeologyandGeophysics"GoceDelcev"89,Stip,2000,R.
Macedoniamarjan@rgf.
ukim.
edu.
mkTodorDelipetrovFacultyofMiningandGeology,DepartmentofGeologyandGeophysics"GoceDelcev"89,Stip,2000,R.
Macedoniatodor.
delipetrov@gmail.
comGuidoDominiciIstitutoNazionalediGeofisicaeVulcanologiaSezionidiRomaViadiVignaMurata,605,I-00143ROMA,Italiadominici@ingv.
itBejoDukaFakultetiiShkencaveNatyroreBulevardiZogI,Tirane,ALBANIAbejo_duka@yahoo.
comDuanFeferUniversityofLjubljana,FacultyofElectricalEngineering,Ljubljana,Slovenia357358Y.
GüngrmüúB.
U.
KandilliObservatoryandEarthquakeResearchInstituteCengelkoy34680Istanbul-TurkeyLazsloHegymegiEotvosLorandGeophysicalInstituteofHungaryColumbusutca17-23Budapest,H-1145,Hungaryhegymegi@elgi.
huValeryKorepanovLvivCentreofInstituteofSpaceResearchNationalAcademyofSciencesandNationalSpaceAgencyofUkraine5-ANaukovaSt.
,79000,LVIV,UKRAINEvakor@isr.
lviv.
uaCaslavLazovicGeomagneticInstituteGeomagneticObservatoryGrockaPutzaUmcare3,Grocka11306,BelgradeSERBIAANDMONTENEGRODankoMarkovinoviüFacultyofGeodesy,Kaiüeva26,HR10000Zagreb,CroatiaJuergenMatzkaGeophysikalischesObservatoriumLudwigshhe8,82256Fuerstenfeldbruck,Germanymatzka@lmu.
deSpomenkoJ.
MihajlovicGeomagneticInstituteGeomagneticObservatoryGrockaPutzaUmcare3,Grocka11306,BelgradeSERBIAANDMONTENEGROmihas@sezampro.
yuNenadNovkovskiFacultyofNaturalSciencesandMathematics,InstituteofPhysicsGaziBababbPOBox1621000Skopje,R.
Macedonianenad@iunona.
pmf.
ukim.
edu.
mkBlagicaPanevaFacultyofMiningandGeology,DepartmentofGeologyandGeophysics,2000Stip,Macedoniablagica@rgf.
ukim.
edu.
mkSanjaPanovskaFacultyofMiningandGeology,DepartmentofGeologyandGeophysics"GoceDelcev"89,Stip,2000,R.
Macedoniapanovskasanja@yahoo.
comLazoPekevskiSeismologicalObservatory,P.
O.
Box4221000Skopje,R.
Macedonialpekevski@seismobsko.
pmf.
ukim.
edu.
mkDraganPopeskovGeomagneticInstituteGeomagneticObservatoryGrockaPutzaUmcare3,Grocka11306,BelgradeSERBIAANDMONTENEGROJeanL.
RassonInstitutRoyalMeteorologique,CentredePhysiqueduGlobeRuedeFagnolle,2B-5670Viroinval,Dourbes,Belgiumjr@oma.
beMilanRezoFacultyofGeodesy,Kaiüeva26,HR10000Zagreb,CroatiaADDRESSESOFAUTHORSLuisR.
Gaya-PiquéIstitutoNazionalediGeofisicaeVulcanologiaSezionidiRomaViadiVignaMurata,605,I-00143ROMA,Italia359NenadSmiljanicGeomagneticInstituteGeomagneticObservatoryGrockaPutzaUmcare3,Grocka11306,BelgradeSERBIAANDMONTENEGROsmiljanic@beotel.
yuSnezanaStavreva-VeselinovskaPedagogicalfaculty"GoceDelcev",2000StipMacedoniasstavreva@pfst.
ukim.
edu.
mkStanojaStojmenovFacultyofNaturalSciencesandMathematics,InstituteofPhysicsGaziBababbPOBox1621000Skopje,R.
Macedoniastanojs@iunona.
pmf.
ukim.
edu.
mkDanijelugarFacultyofGeodesy,Kaiüeva26,HR10000Zagreb,CroatiaE.
TolakB.
U.
KandilliObservatoryandEarthquakeResearchInstituteCengelkoy34680Istanbul-TurkeyJ.
MiquelTortaObservatoridel'Ebre43520Roquetes(Tarragona),SPAINjmtorta@obsebre.
esRobertaTozziIstitutoNazionalediGeofisicaeVulcanologiaSezionidiRomaViadiVignaMurata,605,I-00143ROMA,ItaliaM.
K.
TuncerB.
U.
KandilliObservatoryandEarthquakeResearchInstituteCengelkoy34680Istanbul-Turkeytuncer@boun.
edu.
trSebastianvanLooInstitutRoyalMeteorologique,CentredePhysiqueduGlobeB-5670Viroinval,Dourbes,Belgiumsebvl@oma.
beO.
Yazc-aknB.
U.
KandilliObservatoryandEarthquakeResearchInstituteCengelkoy34680Istanbul-TurkeyJordanZivanovicFacultyofMiningandGeology,DepartmentofGeologyandGeophysics"GoceDelcev"89,Stip,2000,R.
Macedoniazjordan@rgf.
ukim.
edu.
mkM.
ZobuB.
U.
KandilliObservatoryandEarthquakeResearchInstituteCengelkoy34680Istanbul-TurkeyADDRESSESOFAUTHORSINDEXAAbsoluteobservations,45,48,59,65,165,177Adriatic,14,15,16,44,137,142Airport,5,7,214,218,223,224,226,233,247,251,257,271,311Airspace,6,97Angularencoder,169AnnualMeanvalues,48,49,59,69,70,71,75,76,77,78,97,106,107,108,109,110,266,281,283,284,285,286,294,303,305Anomaly,19,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,50,57,58,95,112,116,125,137,138,158,218,222,231,233,238,240,244,245,253,262,303,306,307,309,345Antarctica,287,291,303,304,306Automation,11,81,88,165,170,174,177,178,179,185,186,266Azimuth,67,75,81,102,103,104,105,106,111,140,143,177,178,179,184,185,186,214,215,217,220,221,223,224,225,226,231,234,254,255,256,329Azimuthgeographic,67,232Azimuthmark,75,102,103,104,105,106,111,143,178,179,184,186,217,220,234,255,256,262,263,268,329BBearing,2,9,168,221,268,310Bessel,140CCertification,7,219,229Chaostheory,281,282,283,284,287,288,289Compass,211Compassrose,7,146,147,214,216,229,235,238,240,241,242,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,259,260,267,268Confidenceinterval,70,71DDataacquisition,11,131Demagnetization,155,161dIdD,159,165,167,170,171,172,173,174DIflux,11,48,58,59,99,102,104,105,106,111,159,162,164,165,170,177,178,179,185,220,221,224,225,226,227,229,247,253,254,257,258,264Dipole,116,188,203,209,222,327,328Disturbancemagnetic,177,179,221EExtrapolation,2,6,111,282,287,301FFluxgatesensor,48,87,102,103,104,113,131,138,143,145,153,154,155,156,159,165,167,168,170,173,177,179,185,186,203,204,205,208,209,211,220,225,240,246Forecasting,6,12,126,285,287,311Fouriertransform,33,43,53,227,288,304GGalicica,39,311,331,333,334,336,337Gauss,49,59,65,116,125,292,293GPS,1,103,104,135,138,140,147,225,231,232,240,256Grid,13,24,30,31,32,33,139,140,208,219,221,238,245,253,254,255,257,276,301,310,330Grocka,19,24,43,44,45,52,57,58,66,94,107,113,138,143,309,352,353,358,359HHazard,271,272,273,274,275,276,279Heading,122,215361362IIGRF,29,33,95,138,266,270,283,284,293,305,325,335,336,337,338,339,340,341,342,343,344,345,346,351INTERMAGNET,8,10,41,124,126,127,132,145,309,310,313Ionosphere,292,294,300KK-index,81,139,347,349,352Kreil,Dr.
K.
,24,61,262LLegendre,89,95,293,296,301,302,304MMagnet,65,80,161,187,188,189,190,194,195,196,197,198,199,208,213,215,216,217,232,327Magnetoresistance,187,192,207,208,211Map,7,10,18,24,26,30,31,32,33,42,58,63,80,97,98,121,140,221,227,229,237,238,239,245,263,267,272,273,276,282,335,345Mapaeronautical,6,12,227,228,291Mapcontour,85Mapgeomagnetic,61,97,111,215,235,291,335Mapisoseismal,272Meanvalues,48,51,52,53,75,76,77,78,109,238,265,305Meridianmagnetic,214Methodology,2,3,6,7,11,12,34,45,49,67,71,89,90,94,95,103,105,107,109,111,112,116,118,120,137,139,140,159,163,167,170,179,190,199,202,214,216,220,221,222,223,225,229,238,240,244,245,246,247,248,251,253,254,255,256,258,262,265,267,275,276,281,288,294,297,304Metrology,165,201,209Modelling,9,41,88,89,94,95,127,132,143,146,166,167,186,211,246,259,269,271,272,274,275,281,283,287,294,297,300,305,306,307,335,340,344,345Monopoly,10NNonlinearity,281,282,283,284,286,287,288Normalmagneticfield,13,48,49,59,71,72,73,75,79,84,85,86,87,88,111,124,227,265,266,289,328,329,330,332,340,345,346North,1,109,111,121,124,126,127,132,134,135,146,158,178,184,213,214,217,221,222,224,225,238,240,241,242,243,244,245,248,258,260,268,282OOhrid,7,18,19,100,102,222,269,274,287,355On-siterecording,170PPanagjuriste,24,61,64,65,66,67,69,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,94,107,108,109,110,113,231,232,234Perturbation(magnetic),8,9,216,217,218Plackovica,42,112,309,311,312,313,331,332,334,336Polynomial,49,50,59,69,70,73,79,84,89,266,294,296,345Potential,89,192,207,251,253,283,287,292,293,294,295,296,300,301,326Precision,79,80,81,150,161,162,167,169,170,173,174,177,178,179,181,203,268,306Prediction,124,281,282,283,284,285,287,288,291,353Protonmagnetometer,37,47,50,59,66,67,102,105,113,124,128,134,145,150,151,165,177,179,205,218,219,222,225,229,267QQualitycontrol,111,112INDEX363RReductionmethod,48,109Referenceobservatory,48,59,147Repeatstationlocation,45,51,100,139,262Repeatstationmonument,139Runway,217,223,224,225,226,227,231,233,234,249SSamplingrate,10,150,204,205Satellitegeomagneticfieldmeasurements,88,89,90,94,294,306,307,347Security,6,147,227,229,281,287Seismicity,132,166,271,272,273,274,275,276,277,279,310,352SphericalCapHarmonicAnalysis,83,89,90,92,93,94,95,267,289,291,294,295,296,297,298,300,301,302,304,306,307SQUID,206,209Standards,3,41,75,201,209,210,211,219,247,248,250,251,258,309,310,311,312,313Stormmagnetic,126,221,242,265,347,349,352Sun,52,57,102,103,106,111,116,117,118,124Sunshot,104,105,106,111Survey,43,44,45,47,48,50,51,57,58,59,61,64,85,86,94,97,113,126,132,137,141,142,145,146,148,153,157,158,164,165,227,229,235,238,246,247,248,250,251,252,253,254,260,262,269,306,348TTectonism,13,14,16,17,40,116,262,272,279,310,345Tectonomagnetism,132Theodolite,158,165,234,247,253,254,255,257,258Timeseries,9,284,285,287,288VVardarZone,14,15,16,17,18,19,38,40,41,272,345Variationdiurnal,43,52,53,56,57,58,61,63,105,107,132,219,220,221,232,242,243,300,307,348Variationhouse,66,166Variationmagnetic,126,214Variationsecular,43,51,75,146,147,214,269Variometer,43,44,45,47,48,59,81,113,131,142,147,148,164,166,170,173,179,236,265,310VOR,1,147,215,225,229WWorldDataCentre,9,10,76,78,81,94,127,131INDEX