Notaios6
ios6 1 3 时间:2021-02-23 阅读:()
VistageraldosmecanismoskeepalivenoCiscoIOSndiceIntroduoInformaesdeApoioMecanismosdokeepalivedeinterfaceInterfacesdeEthernetInterfacesseriaisManutenesdeatividadedeHDLCManutenesdeatividadedePPPInterfacesdotúnelGREKeepalivescriptoKeepalivesdeIKEKeepalivesNATIntroduoEstedocumentodescreveosváriosmecanismoskeepalivenodoCiscoIOS.
InformaesdeApoioOsmensagensdekeepalivesoenviadosporumdispositivoderedeatravésdeumexameoudeunscircuitosvirtuaisafiminformaraindaumoutrodispositivoderedeesseocircuitoentreelesfunes.
ParaqueoKeepalivestrabalhehádoisfatoresessenciais:Ointervalokeepaliveéoperíododetempoentrecadamensagemdekeepalivequeéenviadoporumdispositivoderede.
Istoésempreconfigurável.
qAsnovastentativasdokeepalivesoonúmerodevezesqueodispositivocontinuaaenviarapacoteskeepalivesemrespostaantesqueoestadoestejamudadoa"parabaixo".
ParaalgunstiposdeKeepalivesistoéconfigurável,quandoparaoutrohouverumvalorpadroquenopossasermudado.
qMecanismosdokeepalivedeinterfaceInterfacesdeEthernetEmmeiosdetransmissotaiscomoumEthernet,oKeepalivesélevementeoriginal.
DesdequehámuitospossíveisvizinhosnosEthernet,okeepalivenoestáprojetadodeterminarseotrajetoaqualquerumvizinhoespecíficonofioestádisponível.
Projeta-sesomentecertificar-sedosistemalocaltenhaoacessodeleituraegravaoaofiodosEthernetpróprio.
OroteadorproduzumpacotedeEthernetcomsecomooendereoMACdeorigemededestinoeumcódigotipodeEthernetespecialde0x9000.
OhardwaredeEthernetenviaestepacotenofiodosEtherneteentorecebeimediatamenteestapartetraseiradopacoteoutravez.
IstoverificaohardwaredeemissoedereceponoadaptadordoEtherneteaintegridadebásicadofio.
InterfacesseriaisAsinterfacesserialpodemtertiposdiferentesdeencapsulamentosecadatipodeencapsulamentodeterminaotipodoKeepalivesqueseráusado.
InscrevaocomandokeepalivenomododeconfiguraodainterfaceafimajustarafrequênciaemqueumroteadorenviapacotesECHOREQaseupar:Afimrestaurarosistemaaointervalokeepalivedopadrodossegundos10,inscrevaocomandokeepalivecomnenhumapalavra-chave.
qAfimdesabilitaroKeepalives,inscrevaocomandodisabledokeepalive.
qNota:keepaliveOcomandoaplica-seàsinterfacesserialqueusamolinkdedadosdenívelelevadoContol(HDLC)ouoencapsulamentoPPP.
NoseaplicaàsinterfacesserialqueusamoEncapsulamentoframerelay.
Nota:ParaoPPPeostiposdoencapsulamentodeHDLC,umkeepalivedezerodesabilitaoKeepaliveseérelatadonocomandoshowrunning-configoutputcomoodesabilitaodokeepalive.
ManutenesdeatividadedeHDLCUmoutromecanismokeepaliveconhecidoémanutenesdeatividadeserialparaoHDLC.
AsmanutenesdeatividadeserialsoenviadasparaafrenteeparatrásentredoisRoteadoreseoKeepalivessoreconhecidos.
Comousodosnúmerosdesequênciaseguircadakeepalive,cadadispositivopodeconfirmarseéparHDLCrecebeuokeepalivequeenviou.
ParaoencapsulamentodeHDLC,trêsKeepalivesignoradosfazemcomquearelaosejaderrubada.
PermitaocomandodebugserialinterfaceparaumaconexodeHDLCafimpermitirqueousuárioveroKeepalivesqueégeradoeenviado:SampleOutput:17:21:09.
685:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0*,yourseen1,lineupAsmanutenesdeatividadedeHDLCcontêmtrêspartesafimdeterminá-lotrabalham:O"myseq"queénossopróprionúmerodeincremento.
qO"mineseen"queérealmenteumreconhecimentodooutrolado(incrementado)quedizqueesperaestenúmerodenós.
q"Yourseen"queénossoreconhecimentoaooutrolado.
qNota:Quandoadiferenanosvaloresnoscamposdomyseqedomineseenexcedetrêsnoroteador2,alinhavaiparabaixoearelaoérestaurada.
DesdequeasmanutenesdeatividadedeHDLCsotipoKeepalivesECHOREQ,afrequênciadekeepaliveéimportanteerecomenda-sequecombinamacimaexatamenteemambososlados.
Seostemporizadoressoforadasincronizao,osnúmerosdesequênciacomeamsairdaordem.
Porexemplo,sevocêajustaumladoaossegundos10eooutroa25segundos,aindapermitiráarelaopermaneaacimaenquantoadiferenanafrequêncianoésuficienteparafazercomqueosnúmerosdesequênciaestejamporumadiferenadetrês.
ComoumailustraodecomoasmanutenesdeatividadedeHDLCtrabalham,oroteador1eoroteador2soconectadosdiretamenteatravésdoSerial0/0edoSerial2/0respectivamente.
AfimilustrarcomooKeepalivesfalhadoHDCLéusadoparaseguirosestadosdarelao,oSerial0/0seráfechadonoroteador1.
Roteador1Router1#showinterfacesserial0/0/0Serial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisup(connected)HardwareisHD64570Internetaddressis10.
0.
0.
1/8MTU1500bytes,BW64Kbit,DLY20000usec,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationHDLC,loopbacknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)[outputisomited]17:21:09.
685:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0*,yourseen1,lineup17:21:19.
725:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq1,mineseen1*,yourseen2,lineup17:21:29.
753:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq2,mineseen2*,yourseen3,lineup17:21:39.
773:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq3,mineseen3*,yourseen4,lineup17:21:49.
805:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq4,mineseen4*,yourseen5,lineup17:21:59.
837:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq5,mineseen5*,yourseen6,lineup17:22:09.
865:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq6,mineseen6*,yourseen7,lineup17:22:19.
905:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq7,mineseen7*,yourseen8,lineup17:22:29.
945:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq8,mineseen8*,yourseen9,lineupRouter1(config-if)#shut17:22:39.
965:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq9,mineseen9*,yourseen10,lineup17:22:42.
225:%LINK-5-CHANGED:InterfaceSerial0/0,changedstatetoadministrativelydown17:22:43.
245:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial0/0,changedstatetodownRoteador2Router2#showinterfacesserial0/0/0Serial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisup(connected)HardwareisHD64570Internetaddressis10.
0.
0.
2/8MTU1500bytes,BW64Kbit,DLY20000usec,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationHDLC,loopbacknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)[outputisomited]17:21:04.
929:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0,yourseen0,lineup17:21:14.
941:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq1,mineseen1*,yourseen1,lineup17:21:24.
961:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq2,mineseen2*,yourseen2,lineup17:21:34.
981:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq3,mineseen3*,yourseen3,lineup17:21:45.
001:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq4,mineseen4*,yourseen4,lineup17:21:55.
021:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq5,mineseen5*,yourseen5,lineup17:22:05.
041:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq6,mineseen6*,yourseen6,lineup17:22:15.
061:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq7,mineseen7*,yourseen7,lineup17:22:25.
081:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq8,mineseen8*,yourseen8,lineup17:22:35.
101:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq9,mineseen9*,yourseen9,lineup17:22:45.
113:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq10,mineseen10*,yourseen10,lineup17:22:55.
133:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq11,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:05.
153:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:05.
153:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq12,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:15.
173:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:15.
173:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq13,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedown17:23:16.
201:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial2/0,changedstatetodownRouter2#17:23:25.
193:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq14,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedownManutenesdeatividadedePPPAsmanutenesdeatividadedePPPsoumpoucodiferentesdasmanutenesdeatividadedeHDLC.
AocontráriodoHDLC,asmanutenesdeatividadedePPPsomaiscomosibilos.
Osambososladospodemsibilar-seemseulazer.
OmovimentonegociadoapropriadoéresponderSEMPREaeste"sibilo".
AssimparamanutenesdeatividadedePPP,afrequênciaouovalordetemporizadorsosomentelocalmenterelevanteenotêmnenhumimpactonooutrolado.
MesmoseumladodesligaoKeepalives,aindaRESPONDER2aquelasrequisiesdeecodoladoquetemumtemporizadordekeepalive.
Contudo,nuncainiciaráalgumadoseuspróprios.
PermitaocomandodebugppppacketparaumaconexoPPPafimpermitirqueousuárioverasmanutenesdeatividadedePPPquesoenviadas:Router2#showinterfacesserial0/0/0Serial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisup(connected)HardwareisHD64570Internetaddressis10.
0.
0.
2/8MTU1500bytes,BW64Kbit,DLY20000usec,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationHDLC,loopbacknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)[outputisomited]17:21:04.
929:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0,yourseen0,lineup17:21:14.
941:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq1,mineseen1*,yourseen1,lineup17:21:24.
961:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq2,mineseen2*,yourseen2,lineup17:21:34.
981:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq3,mineseen3*,yourseen3,lineup17:21:45.
001:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq4,mineseen4*,yourseen4,lineup17:21:55.
021:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq5,mineseen5*,yourseen5,lineup17:22:05.
041:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq6,mineseen6*,yourseen6,lineup17:22:15.
061:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq7,mineseen7*,yourseen7,lineup17:22:25.
081:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq8,mineseen8*,yourseen8,lineup17:22:35.
101:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq9,mineseen9*,yourseen9,lineup17:22:45.
113:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq10,mineseen10*,yourseen10,lineup17:22:55.
133:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq11,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:05.
153:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:05.
153:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq12,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:15.
173:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:15.
173:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq13,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedown17:23:16.
201:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial2/0,changedstatetodownRouter2#17:23:25.
193:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq14,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedownerespostasquesorecebidas:Router2#showinterfacesserial0/0/0Serial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisup(connected)HardwareisHD64570Internetaddressis10.
0.
0.
2/8MTU1500bytes,BW64Kbit,DLY20000usec,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationHDLC,loopbacknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)[outputisomited]17:21:04.
929:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0,yourseen0,lineup17:21:14.
941:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq1,mineseen1*,yourseen1,lineup17:21:24.
961:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq2,mineseen2*,yourseen2,lineup17:21:34.
981:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq3,mineseen3*,yourseen3,lineup17:21:45.
001:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq4,mineseen4*,yourseen4,lineup17:21:55.
021:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq5,mineseen5*,yourseen5,lineup17:22:05.
041:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq6,mineseen6*,yourseen6,lineup17:22:15.
061:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq7,mineseen7*,yourseen7,lineup17:22:25.
081:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq8,mineseen8*,yourseen8,lineup17:22:35.
101:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq9,mineseen9*,yourseen9,lineup17:22:45.
113:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq10,mineseen10*,yourseen10,lineup17:22:55.
133:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq11,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:05.
153:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:05.
153:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq12,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:15.
173:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:15.
173:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq13,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedown17:23:16.
201:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial2/0,changedstatetodownRouter2#17:23:25.
193:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq14,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedownAsmanutenesdeatividadedePPPcontêmtrêspartes:NúmerodeID-usadoparaidentificaraqueoECHOREQoparresponde.
qTipokeepalive-OECHOREQéKeepalivesenviadopelodispositivodeorigemeoqECHOREPérespostasenviadaspelopar.
Númerosmágicos-asnotificaesincluemosnúmerosmágicosdoserveredoclienteremoto.
OparvalidaonúmeromágiconopacotederequisiodeecoLCP,etransmiteopacotederespostadeecocorrespondenteLCPquecontémonúmeromágiconegociadopeloroteador.
qParaoencapsulamentoPPP,cincoKeepalivesignoradosfazemcomquearelaosejaderrubadaInterfacesdotúnelGREOmecanismokeepalivedotúnelGREélevementediferentedoqueparaEthernetouinterfacesserial.
DáacapacidadeparaqueumladoorigineerecebapacoteskeepaliveaedeumroteadorremotomesmoseoroteadorremotonoapoiamanutenesdeatividadedeGRE.
DesdequeoGREéummecanismodetunelamentodopacoteparaescavarumtúneloIPdentrodoIP,umpacotedotúnelIPGREpodeserconstruídodentrodeumoutropacotedotúnelIPGRE.
ParamanutenesdeatividadedeGRE,asPRE-construesdoremetenteopacotedarespostadekeepalivedentrodopacotederequisiodokeepaliveoriginaldemodoqueasnecessidadesdaextremidaderemotasomentedefazerodesencapsulamentoGREpadrodocabealhoIPexteriorGREeenviamentoopacoteGREinternoIP.
Estemecanismofazcomquearespostadekeepaliveenvieparaforaainterfacefísicaumpoucodoqueainterfacedetúnel.
ParamaisdetalhesaotrabalhardoKeepalivesdotúnelGRE,vejacomoasmanutenesdeatividadedeGREtrabalham.
KeepalivescriptoKeepalivesdeIKEOKeepalivesdoInternetKeyExchange(IKE)éummecanismousadoparadeterminarseumparVPNpodeascendenteereceberotráfegocriptografado.
OKeepalivescriptoseparadoéexigidoalémdoquekeepalivesdeinterfaceporqueosparesVPNgeralmentesoconectadosnuncadevoltaàpartetraseira,assimqueoskeepalivesdeinterfacenofornecembastanteinformaosobreoestadodoparVPN.
EmdispositivosIOSCisco,oskeepalivesdeIKEsopermitidospelousodeummétodoproprietáriochamadooDeadPeerDetection(DPD).
AfimpermitirqueogatewayenvieDPDaopar,incorporeestecomandoaomododeconfiguraoglobal:cryptoisakmpkeepaliveseconds[retry-seconds][periodic|on-demand]AfimdesabilitaroKeepalives,use"no"oformuláriodestecomando.
Paraobtermaisinformaessobredoquecadapalavra-chavenestecomandofaz,vejaokeepalivecriptodoisakmp.
Paramaisgranularidade,oKeepalivespodeigualmenteserconfiguradosoboperfilISAKMP.
Paramaisdetalhes,vejao[CiscoIOSIPsec]davistageraldoperfilISAKMP.
KeepalivesNATEmcasodasencenaesondeumparVPNestáatrásdeumNetworkAddressTranslation(NAT),NAT-Traversaléusadoparaacriptografia.
Contudo,duranteperíodosociososépossívelqueaentradaNATnodispositivoascendentepdecronometrarparafora.
IstopodecausarproblemasquandovocêtrazacimaotúneleoNATnoébidirecional.
OKeepalivesNATépermitidoafimmanterotraodinmicoNATvivoduranteumaconexoentredoispares.
OKeepalivesNATépacotesdeUDPcomumpayloadunencrypteddeumbyte.
EmboraaaplicaoatualDPDsejasimilaraoKeepalivesNAT,háumapequenadiferena-oDPDestáusadoparadetectarostatusdepeerquandooKeepalivesNATforenviadoseaentidadedoIPsecnoenviounemrecebeuopacoteemumperíododetempoespecificado.
Ointervaloválidoestáentre5a3600segundos.
Dica:SeoKeepalivesNATestápermitido(atravésdocomandokeepalivenatdoisamkpcripto),osusuáriosdevemassegurar-sedequeovalorinativosejamaiscurtodoqueotempodeexpiraodomapeamentoNATde20segundos.
Paraobtermaisinformaessobredestacaracterística,vejaatransparênciadeNATdoIPsec.
InformaesdeApoioOsmensagensdekeepalivesoenviadosporumdispositivoderedeatravésdeumexameoudeunscircuitosvirtuaisafiminformaraindaumoutrodispositivoderedeesseocircuitoentreelesfunes.
ParaqueoKeepalivestrabalhehádoisfatoresessenciais:Ointervalokeepaliveéoperíododetempoentrecadamensagemdekeepalivequeéenviadoporumdispositivoderede.
Istoésempreconfigurável.
qAsnovastentativasdokeepalivesoonúmerodevezesqueodispositivocontinuaaenviarapacoteskeepalivesemrespostaantesqueoestadoestejamudadoa"parabaixo".
ParaalgunstiposdeKeepalivesistoéconfigurável,quandoparaoutrohouverumvalorpadroquenopossasermudado.
qMecanismosdokeepalivedeinterfaceInterfacesdeEthernetEmmeiosdetransmissotaiscomoumEthernet,oKeepalivesélevementeoriginal.
DesdequehámuitospossíveisvizinhosnosEthernet,okeepalivenoestáprojetadodeterminarseotrajetoaqualquerumvizinhoespecíficonofioestádisponível.
Projeta-sesomentecertificar-sedosistemalocaltenhaoacessodeleituraegravaoaofiodosEthernetpróprio.
OroteadorproduzumpacotedeEthernetcomsecomooendereoMACdeorigemededestinoeumcódigotipodeEthernetespecialde0x9000.
OhardwaredeEthernetenviaestepacotenofiodosEtherneteentorecebeimediatamenteestapartetraseiradopacoteoutravez.
IstoverificaohardwaredeemissoedereceponoadaptadordoEtherneteaintegridadebásicadofio.
InterfacesseriaisAsinterfacesserialpodemtertiposdiferentesdeencapsulamentosecadatipodeencapsulamentodeterminaotipodoKeepalivesqueseráusado.
InscrevaocomandokeepalivenomododeconfiguraodainterfaceafimajustarafrequênciaemqueumroteadorenviapacotesECHOREQaseupar:Afimrestaurarosistemaaointervalokeepalivedopadrodossegundos10,inscrevaocomandokeepalivecomnenhumapalavra-chave.
qAfimdesabilitaroKeepalives,inscrevaocomandodisabledokeepalive.
qNota:keepaliveOcomandoaplica-seàsinterfacesserialqueusamolinkdedadosdenívelelevadoContol(HDLC)ouoencapsulamentoPPP.
NoseaplicaàsinterfacesserialqueusamoEncapsulamentoframerelay.
Nota:ParaoPPPeostiposdoencapsulamentodeHDLC,umkeepalivedezerodesabilitaoKeepaliveseérelatadonocomandoshowrunning-configoutputcomoodesabilitaodokeepalive.
ManutenesdeatividadedeHDLCUmoutromecanismokeepaliveconhecidoémanutenesdeatividadeserialparaoHDLC.
AsmanutenesdeatividadeserialsoenviadasparaafrenteeparatrásentredoisRoteadoreseoKeepalivessoreconhecidos.
Comousodosnúmerosdesequênciaseguircadakeepalive,cadadispositivopodeconfirmarseéparHDLCrecebeuokeepalivequeenviou.
ParaoencapsulamentodeHDLC,trêsKeepalivesignoradosfazemcomquearelaosejaderrubada.
PermitaocomandodebugserialinterfaceparaumaconexodeHDLCafimpermitirqueousuárioveroKeepalivesqueégeradoeenviado:SampleOutput:17:21:09.
685:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0*,yourseen1,lineupAsmanutenesdeatividadedeHDLCcontêmtrêspartesafimdeterminá-lotrabalham:O"myseq"queénossopróprionúmerodeincremento.
qO"mineseen"queérealmenteumreconhecimentodooutrolado(incrementado)quedizqueesperaestenúmerodenós.
q"Yourseen"queénossoreconhecimentoaooutrolado.
qNota:Quandoadiferenanosvaloresnoscamposdomyseqedomineseenexcedetrêsnoroteador2,alinhavaiparabaixoearelaoérestaurada.
DesdequeasmanutenesdeatividadedeHDLCsotipoKeepalivesECHOREQ,afrequênciadekeepaliveéimportanteerecomenda-sequecombinamacimaexatamenteemambososlados.
Seostemporizadoressoforadasincronizao,osnúmerosdesequênciacomeamsairdaordem.
Porexemplo,sevocêajustaumladoaossegundos10eooutroa25segundos,aindapermitiráarelaopermaneaacimaenquantoadiferenanafrequêncianoésuficienteparafazercomqueosnúmerosdesequênciaestejamporumadiferenadetrês.
ComoumailustraodecomoasmanutenesdeatividadedeHDLCtrabalham,oroteador1eoroteador2soconectadosdiretamenteatravésdoSerial0/0edoSerial2/0respectivamente.
AfimilustrarcomooKeepalivesfalhadoHDCLéusadoparaseguirosestadosdarelao,oSerial0/0seráfechadonoroteador1.
Roteador1Router1#showinterfacesserial0/0/0Serial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisup(connected)HardwareisHD64570Internetaddressis10.
0.
0.
1/8MTU1500bytes,BW64Kbit,DLY20000usec,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationHDLC,loopbacknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)[outputisomited]17:21:09.
685:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0*,yourseen1,lineup17:21:19.
725:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq1,mineseen1*,yourseen2,lineup17:21:29.
753:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq2,mineseen2*,yourseen3,lineup17:21:39.
773:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq3,mineseen3*,yourseen4,lineup17:21:49.
805:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq4,mineseen4*,yourseen5,lineup17:21:59.
837:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq5,mineseen5*,yourseen6,lineup17:22:09.
865:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq6,mineseen6*,yourseen7,lineup17:22:19.
905:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq7,mineseen7*,yourseen8,lineup17:22:29.
945:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq8,mineseen8*,yourseen9,lineupRouter1(config-if)#shut17:22:39.
965:Serial0/0:HDLCmyseq9,mineseen9*,yourseen10,lineup17:22:42.
225:%LINK-5-CHANGED:InterfaceSerial0/0,changedstatetoadministrativelydown17:22:43.
245:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial0/0,changedstatetodownRoteador2Router2#showinterfacesserial0/0/0Serial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisup(connected)HardwareisHD64570Internetaddressis10.
0.
0.
2/8MTU1500bytes,BW64Kbit,DLY20000usec,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationHDLC,loopbacknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)[outputisomited]17:21:04.
929:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0,yourseen0,lineup17:21:14.
941:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq1,mineseen1*,yourseen1,lineup17:21:24.
961:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq2,mineseen2*,yourseen2,lineup17:21:34.
981:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq3,mineseen3*,yourseen3,lineup17:21:45.
001:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq4,mineseen4*,yourseen4,lineup17:21:55.
021:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq5,mineseen5*,yourseen5,lineup17:22:05.
041:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq6,mineseen6*,yourseen6,lineup17:22:15.
061:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq7,mineseen7*,yourseen7,lineup17:22:25.
081:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq8,mineseen8*,yourseen8,lineup17:22:35.
101:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq9,mineseen9*,yourseen9,lineup17:22:45.
113:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq10,mineseen10*,yourseen10,lineup17:22:55.
133:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq11,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:05.
153:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:05.
153:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq12,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:15.
173:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:15.
173:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq13,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedown17:23:16.
201:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial2/0,changedstatetodownRouter2#17:23:25.
193:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq14,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedownManutenesdeatividadedePPPAsmanutenesdeatividadedePPPsoumpoucodiferentesdasmanutenesdeatividadedeHDLC.
AocontráriodoHDLC,asmanutenesdeatividadedePPPsomaiscomosibilos.
Osambososladospodemsibilar-seemseulazer.
OmovimentonegociadoapropriadoéresponderSEMPREaeste"sibilo".
AssimparamanutenesdeatividadedePPP,afrequênciaouovalordetemporizadorsosomentelocalmenterelevanteenotêmnenhumimpactonooutrolado.
MesmoseumladodesligaoKeepalives,aindaRESPONDER2aquelasrequisiesdeecodoladoquetemumtemporizadordekeepalive.
Contudo,nuncainiciaráalgumadoseuspróprios.
PermitaocomandodebugppppacketparaumaconexoPPPafimpermitirqueousuárioverasmanutenesdeatividadedePPPquesoenviadas:Router2#showinterfacesserial0/0/0Serial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisup(connected)HardwareisHD64570Internetaddressis10.
0.
0.
2/8MTU1500bytes,BW64Kbit,DLY20000usec,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationHDLC,loopbacknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)[outputisomited]17:21:04.
929:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0,yourseen0,lineup17:21:14.
941:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq1,mineseen1*,yourseen1,lineup17:21:24.
961:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq2,mineseen2*,yourseen2,lineup17:21:34.
981:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq3,mineseen3*,yourseen3,lineup17:21:45.
001:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq4,mineseen4*,yourseen4,lineup17:21:55.
021:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq5,mineseen5*,yourseen5,lineup17:22:05.
041:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq6,mineseen6*,yourseen6,lineup17:22:15.
061:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq7,mineseen7*,yourseen7,lineup17:22:25.
081:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq8,mineseen8*,yourseen8,lineup17:22:35.
101:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq9,mineseen9*,yourseen9,lineup17:22:45.
113:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq10,mineseen10*,yourseen10,lineup17:22:55.
133:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq11,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:05.
153:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:05.
153:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq12,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:15.
173:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:15.
173:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq13,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedown17:23:16.
201:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial2/0,changedstatetodownRouter2#17:23:25.
193:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq14,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedownerespostasquesorecebidas:Router2#showinterfacesserial0/0/0Serial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisup(connected)HardwareisHD64570Internetaddressis10.
0.
0.
2/8MTU1500bytes,BW64Kbit,DLY20000usec,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationHDLC,loopbacknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)[outputisomited]17:21:04.
929:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq0,mineseen0,yourseen0,lineup17:21:14.
941:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq1,mineseen1*,yourseen1,lineup17:21:24.
961:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq2,mineseen2*,yourseen2,lineup17:21:34.
981:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq3,mineseen3*,yourseen3,lineup17:21:45.
001:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq4,mineseen4*,yourseen4,lineup17:21:55.
021:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq5,mineseen5*,yourseen5,lineup17:22:05.
041:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq6,mineseen6*,yourseen6,lineup17:22:15.
061:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq7,mineseen7*,yourseen7,lineup17:22:25.
081:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq8,mineseen8*,yourseen8,lineup17:22:35.
101:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq9,mineseen9*,yourseen9,lineup17:22:45.
113:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq10,mineseen10*,yourseen10,lineup17:22:55.
133:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq11,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:05.
153:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:05.
153:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:05.
153:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq12,mineseen10,yourseen10,lineup17:23:15.
173:HD(0):Resetfrom0x20375817:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTR17:23:15.
173:HD(0):AssertingDTRandRTS17:23:15.
173:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq13,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedown17:23:16.
201:%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:LineprotocolonInterfaceSerial2/0,changedstatetodownRouter2#17:23:25.
193:Serial2/0:HDLCmyseq14,mineseen10,yourseen10,linedownAsmanutenesdeatividadedePPPcontêmtrêspartes:NúmerodeID-usadoparaidentificaraqueoECHOREQoparresponde.
qTipokeepalive-OECHOREQéKeepalivesenviadopelodispositivodeorigemeoqECHOREPérespostasenviadaspelopar.
Númerosmágicos-asnotificaesincluemosnúmerosmágicosdoserveredoclienteremoto.
OparvalidaonúmeromágiconopacotederequisiodeecoLCP,etransmiteopacotederespostadeecocorrespondenteLCPquecontémonúmeromágiconegociadopeloroteador.
qParaoencapsulamentoPPP,cincoKeepalivesignoradosfazemcomquearelaosejaderrubadaInterfacesdotúnelGREOmecanismokeepalivedotúnelGREélevementediferentedoqueparaEthernetouinterfacesserial.
DáacapacidadeparaqueumladoorigineerecebapacoteskeepaliveaedeumroteadorremotomesmoseoroteadorremotonoapoiamanutenesdeatividadedeGRE.
DesdequeoGREéummecanismodetunelamentodopacoteparaescavarumtúneloIPdentrodoIP,umpacotedotúnelIPGREpodeserconstruídodentrodeumoutropacotedotúnelIPGRE.
ParamanutenesdeatividadedeGRE,asPRE-construesdoremetenteopacotedarespostadekeepalivedentrodopacotederequisiodokeepaliveoriginaldemodoqueasnecessidadesdaextremidaderemotasomentedefazerodesencapsulamentoGREpadrodocabealhoIPexteriorGREeenviamentoopacoteGREinternoIP.
Estemecanismofazcomquearespostadekeepaliveenvieparaforaainterfacefísicaumpoucodoqueainterfacedetúnel.
ParamaisdetalhesaotrabalhardoKeepalivesdotúnelGRE,vejacomoasmanutenesdeatividadedeGREtrabalham.
KeepalivescriptoKeepalivesdeIKEOKeepalivesdoInternetKeyExchange(IKE)éummecanismousadoparadeterminarseumparVPNpodeascendenteereceberotráfegocriptografado.
OKeepalivescriptoseparadoéexigidoalémdoquekeepalivesdeinterfaceporqueosparesVPNgeralmentesoconectadosnuncadevoltaàpartetraseira,assimqueoskeepalivesdeinterfacenofornecembastanteinformaosobreoestadodoparVPN.
EmdispositivosIOSCisco,oskeepalivesdeIKEsopermitidospelousodeummétodoproprietáriochamadooDeadPeerDetection(DPD).
AfimpermitirqueogatewayenvieDPDaopar,incorporeestecomandoaomododeconfiguraoglobal:cryptoisakmpkeepaliveseconds[retry-seconds][periodic|on-demand]AfimdesabilitaroKeepalives,use"no"oformuláriodestecomando.
Paraobtermaisinformaessobredoquecadapalavra-chavenestecomandofaz,vejaokeepalivecriptodoisakmp.
Paramaisgranularidade,oKeepalivespodeigualmenteserconfiguradosoboperfilISAKMP.
Paramaisdetalhes,vejao[CiscoIOSIPsec]davistageraldoperfilISAKMP.
KeepalivesNATEmcasodasencenaesondeumparVPNestáatrásdeumNetworkAddressTranslation(NAT),NAT-Traversaléusadoparaacriptografia.
Contudo,duranteperíodosociososépossívelqueaentradaNATnodispositivoascendentepdecronometrarparafora.
IstopodecausarproblemasquandovocêtrazacimaotúneleoNATnoébidirecional.
OKeepalivesNATépermitidoafimmanterotraodinmicoNATvivoduranteumaconexoentredoispares.
OKeepalivesNATépacotesdeUDPcomumpayloadunencrypteddeumbyte.
EmboraaaplicaoatualDPDsejasimilaraoKeepalivesNAT,háumapequenadiferena-oDPDestáusadoparadetectarostatusdepeerquandooKeepalivesNATforenviadoseaentidadedoIPsecnoenviounemrecebeuopacoteemumperíododetempoespecificado.
Ointervaloválidoestáentre5a3600segundos.
Dica:SeoKeepalivesNATestápermitido(atravésdocomandokeepalivenatdoisamkpcripto),osusuáriosdevemassegurar-sedequeovalorinativosejamaiscurtodoqueotempodeexpiraodomapeamentoNATde20segundos.
Paraobtermaisinformaessobredestacaracterística,vejaatransparênciadeNATdoIPsec.
宝塔面板批量设置站点404页面
今天遇到一个网友，他在一个服务器中搭建有十几个网站，但是他之前都是采集站点数据很大，但是现在他删除数据之后希望设置可能有索引的文章给予404跳转页面。虽然他程序有默认的404页面，但是达不到他引流的目的，他希望设置统一的404页面。实际上设置还是很简单的，我们找到他是Nginx还是Apache，直接在引擎配置文件中设置即可。这里有看到他采用的是宝塔面板，直接在他的Nginx中设置。这里我们找到当前...
wordpress简洁英文主题 wordpress简洁通用型高级外贸主题
wordpress简洁英文主题，wordpress简洁通用大气的网站风格设计 + 更适于欧美国外用户操作体验，完善的外贸企业建站功能模块 + 更好的移动设备特色模块支持，更高效实用的后台自定义设置 + 标准高效的代码程序功能结构，更利于Goolge等国际搜索引擎的SEO搜索优化和站点收录排名。点击进入：wordpress简洁通用型高级外贸主题主题价格：￥3980 特 惠 价：￥1280安装环境：运...
IMIDC日本多IP服务器$88/月起,E3-123x/16GB/512G SSD/30M带宽
IMIDC是一家香港本土运营商，商家名为彩虹数据(Rainbow Cloud)，全线产品自营，自有IP网络资源等，提供的产品包括VPS主机、独立服务器、站群独立服务器等，数据中心区域包括香港、日本、台湾、美国和南非等地机房，CN2网络直连到中国大陆。目前主机商针对日本独立服务器做促销活动，而且提供/28 IPv4，国内直连带宽优惠后每月仅88美元起。JP Multiple IP Customize...
ios6 1 3为你推荐
-
最新qq空间代码QQ空间代码伪静态如何设置伪静态规则申请证书申请毕业证书中小企业信息化什么是中小企业信息化途径iphone越狱后怎么恢复已经越狱的iphone怎么恢复到原来的系统人人逛街人人逛街评论怎么不显示链接了?好像4月28日就不能显示了。是什么原因呢？gbk编码表gbk内码表怎么看发邮件怎么发怎么发邮箱微信怎么看聊天记录如何查找微信聊天记录网站推广外链网站推广，免费的超级外链有用吗？seo还应该做什么