五分钟了解Elasticsearch

使用ElasticSearch我们可以构建一个功能完备的搜索服务器.
这一切实现起来都很简单,本文将花五分钟向你介绍如何实现.
安装和运行Elasticsearch这篇文章的操作环境是Linux或者Mac,在安装ElasticSearch之前,确保你的系统上已经安装好JDK6或者以上版本.
wgethttps://download.
elastic.
co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-1.
7.
2.
tar.
gztar-zxvfelasticsearch-1.
7.
2.
tar.
gzcdelasticsearch-1.
7.
2bin/elasticsearch然后你将在终端看到如下输出:[2015-09-1415:32:52,278][INFO][node][BigMan]version[1.
7.
2],pid[10907],build[e43676b/2015-09-14T09:49:53Z][2015-09-1415:32:52,279][INFO][node][BigMan]initializing.
.
.
[2015-09-1415:32:52,376][INFO][plugins][BigMan]loaded[],sites[][2015-09-1415:32:52,426][INFO][env][BigMan]using[1]datapaths,mounts[[/(/dev/sdc1)]],netusable_space[8.
7gb],nettotal_space[219.
9gb],types[ext3]JavaHotSpot(TM)ServerVMwarning:Youhaveloadedlibrary/tmp/es/elasticsearch-1.
7.
2/lib/sigar/libsigar-x86-linux.
sowhichmighthavedisabledstackguard.
TheVMwilltrytofixthestackguardnow.
It'shighlyrecommendedthatyoufixthelibrarywith'execstack-c',orlinkitwith'-znoexecstack'.
[2015-09-1415:32:55,294][INFO][node][BigMan]initialized[2015-09-1415:32:55,294][INFO][node][BigMan]starting.
.
.
[2015-09-1415:32:55,411][INFO][transport][BigMan]bound_address{inet[/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:9300]},publish_address{inet[/192.
168.
43.
172:9300]}[2015-09-1415:32:55,428][INFO][discovery][BigMan]elasticsearch/VKL1HQmyT_KRtmTGznmQyg[2015-09-1415:32:59,210][INFO][cluster.
service][BigMan]new_master[BigMan][VKL1HQmyT_KRtmTGznmQyg][Happy][inet[/192.
168.
43.
172:9300]],reason:zen-disco-join(elected_as_master)[2015-09-1415:32:59,239][INFO][http][BigMan]bound_address{inet[/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:9200]},publish_address{inet[/192.
168.
43.
172:9200]}[2015-09-1415:32:59,239][INFO][node][BigMan]started1/5[2015-09-1415:32:59,284][INFO][gateway][BigMan]recovered[0]indicesintocluster_state现在你的系统上成功运行了Elasticsearch!
你可以在浏览器里面访问http://localhost:9200,这时候浏览器里面会返回以下内容:{"status":200,"name":"BigMan","cluster_name":"elasticsearch","version":{"number":"1.
7.
2","build_hash":"e43676b1385b8125d647f593f7202acbd816e8ec","build_timestamp":"2015-09-14T09:49:53Z","build_snapshot":false,"lucene_version":"4.
10.
4"},"tagline":"YouKnow,forSearch"}索引数据现在我们往ElasticSearch里面构建一些数据,我们假设有一个博客系统,里面有一些文章和评论相关的数据,现在将这些信息添加到ElasticSearch里面:curl-XPUT'http://localhost:9200/blog/user/dilbert'-d'{"name":"DilbertBrown"}'curl-XPUT'http://localhost:9200/blog/post/1'-d'{"user":"dilbert","postDate":"2011-12-15","body":"Searchishard.
Searchshouldbeeasy.
","title":"Onsearch"}'curl-XPUT'http://localhost:9200/blog/post/2'-d'{"user":"dilbert","postDate":"2011-12-12","body":"Distributionishard.
Distributionshouldbeeasy.
",2/5"title":"Ondistributedsearch"}'curl-XPUT'http://localhost:9200/blog/post/3'-d'{"user":"dilbert","postDate":"2011-12-10","body":"Loremipsumdolorsitamet,consectetueradipiscingelit,seddiamnonummynibheuismodtinciduntutlaoreetdoloremagnaaliquameratvolutpat","title":"Loremipsum"}'上面的每一步请求,你都会接受到一个响应,里面会证明你的请求成功,如下:{"ok":true,"_index":"blog","_type":"post","_id":"1","_version":1}现在我们来看看上面的请求是否正的成功了:curl-XGET'http://localhost:9200/blog/user/dilbertpretty=true'curl-XGET'http://localhost:9200/blog/post/1pretty=true'curl-XGET'http://localhost:9200/blog/post/2pretty=true'curl-XGET'http://localhost:9200/blog/post/3pretty=true'注意:往ElasticSearch里面添加数据主要有两种方式:通过HTTP发送Json数据;内置提供的客户端(Nativeclient).
搜索我们来看看我们是否可以检索我们刚刚通过搜索添加的文档,下面的例子是找出所有Dilbert作者的文章:curl'http://localhost:9200/blog/post/_searchq=user:dilbert&pretty=true'3/5上面的请求将会返回以下的Json结果:{"took":85,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":5,"successful":5,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":3,"max_score":1,"hits":[{"_index":"blog","_type":"post","_id":"1","_score":1,"_source":{"user":"dilbert","postDate":"2011-12-15","body":"Searchishard.
Searchshouldbeeasy.
","title":"Onsearch"}},{"_index":"blog","_type":"post","_id":"2","_score":0.
30685282,"_source":{"user":"dilbert","postDate":"2011-12-12","body":"Distributionishard.
Distributionshouldbeeasy.
","title":"Ondistributedsearch"}},{"_index":"blog","_type":"post","_id":"3","_score":0.
30685282,"_source":{"user":"dilbert","postDate":"2011-12-10",4/5"body":"Loremipsumdolorsitamet,consectetueradipiscingelit,seddiamnonummynibheuismodtinciduntutlaoreetdoloremagnaaliquameratvolutpat","title":"Loremipsum"}}]}}下面例子搜索标题不含search的文章curl'http://localhost:9200/blog/post/_searchq=-title:search&pretty=true'下面例子搜索标题包含search但是不包含distributed的文章:curl'http://localhost:9200/blog/post/_searchq=+title:search%20-title:distributed&pretty=true&fields=title'下面例子通过postDate字段搜索一定时间范围内的文章:curl-XGET'http://localhost:9200/blog/_searchpretty=true'-d'{"query":{"range":{"postDate":{"from":"2011-12-10","to":"2011-12-12"}}}}'好了,现在我们已经学习了ElasticSearch的一些基本的使用情况.
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