signalinggooglevoice

A.
HarthandN.
Koch(Eds.
):ICWE2011Workshops,LNCS7059,pp.
37–48,2011.
Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2011IntegrationofTelcoServicesintoEnterpriseMashupApplicationsOlexiyChudnovskyy,FrankWeinhold,HendrikGebhardt,andMartinGaedkeDepartmentofComputerScience,ChemnitzUniversityofTechnology09111Chemnitz,Germany{olexiy.
chudnovskyy,frank.
weinhold,hendrik.
gebhardt,martin.
gaedke}@informatik.
tu-chemnitz.
deAbstract.
Inthispaperwepresentourapproachtointegratetelcoservicesintoenterprisemashupapplications.
Weshowhowcross-networkintegrationandmulti-user-orientedmashupconceptsupportexecutionandorchestrationofbusinessprocesses.
Weidentifythemainclassesoftelcoservicesandprovideareferencearchitecturefortelco-enabledmashupapplications.
Finally,wedescribeourapproachforsystematicintegrationprocessandgiveanoutlookintoourfurtherresearch.
Keywords:Mashup,TelcoServices,Enterprise,Integration.
1IntroductionTheavailabilityandubiquityofmobiledevicesisamatterofcoursenowadays.
AccordingtoGartnerreportofFebruary2011morethan1.
6billionmobiledevicesweresold2010,whichisa32%increasecomparedto2009[1].
Bothoperatornetworksandmobiledevicesprovidesophisticatedcapabilitiesregardingvoice,videoanddatatransfer(socalledtelcoservices),whichcanbeleveragedinbusinessprocessintegrationandorchestrationscenarios.
However,theintegrationofthesefunctionalitiesintoWebapplicationsisstillchallenging.
Weidentifiedthefollowingthreeproblems:First,notalloftheoperatornetworkservicesareexposedinwayseasytodealwithforWebdevelopers.
ThoughthenumberofdedicatedgatewaysandAPIsgrowswitheveryyear[2],theirheterogeneityandfastevolutioncomplicatethedevelopmentofconsumerapplications.
Second,withoutadequatemodelsandtoolstheintegrationoftelephonyservicesisatime-consuminganderror-pronetask.
Andfinally,thenoveltyoftheemergingservicesanddevicecapabilitiesrequiresasystematicapproachandguidelinestosupportunskilledWebdevelopersintheintegrationprocess.
WeclaimtheadoptionofWebmashuptechniqueswillsignificantlydecreasetheefforttodevelopandmaintaintelco-enabledWebapplications.
MuchworkhasalreadybeendoneonthefieldofWebmashup.
Manydedicatedmodels,architecturesanddevelopmenttoolsexist[3].
Allofthemarecharacterizedthroughtheend-userorienteddevelopmentparadigmandcontinuousreuseofalreadyexistingcomponents38O.
Chudnovskyyetal.
andfunctionalities.
Newgoal-orientedmashupscanbeconstructedevenwithoutprogrammingskills-leveragingtheexperienceandbuildingblocksproducedbyotherdevelopers[4].
Ourgoalistoextendtraditionalmashupstowardstelco-enabledones,whichwouldsimplifytheintegrationoftelephonyservicesandrevealnewapplicationpossibilitiesofmashupswithinenterprisescenarios.
Therestofthispaperisstructuredasfollows.
First,weillustrateanapplicationpossibilityoftelco-enrichedmashupsusinganexamplescenariofromthepropertymanagementdomain.
ThenweidentifyanddescribechallengesonthewaytowardsintegrationoftelcoservicesintoWebmashups.
Afterwards,wepresentareferencearchitecturefortelcomashupsandtheinternalsofacorrespondingexecutionplatform.
Section5reviewswhichaspectshavetobeconsideredwhendevelopingtelcomashupsandhowthiscanbedonesystematically.
Finally,weconcludethepaperbypointingoutthecurrentchallengesinourresearch.
2ExampleScenarioInthefollowingexample,weshowhowtelcomashupscansupportbusinessscenariosdealingwithorchestrationandintegrationofbusinessprocesses.
Inthisexampletheavailabilityofalternativecommunicationchannel,i.
e.
operatornetworkandmobiledevices,enablefasterresponseanddatatransferbetweeninvolvedparties.
Especiallyhumanactorsgetbetterintegratedintothedecision-makingprocesses,asdecisionsandrequiredinformationcanbeprovidedfromanywhereandtoanytime.
Pete'sApartments(PA)isamedium-sizedapartmentleasingcompany.
PAtakescareaboutbillingandmanagementissues,whileflatmaintenanceisperformedbypartnerfirms.
PAusesclassicalWebmashupsforbusinessintelligencetasksbutalsotelco-enabledonestocoordinatedifferentbusinessprocessesandtocommunicatewithitspartners.
LucyworksasacustomeradvisorforPA.
Sheusesadedicatedtelco-mashupapplicationtocommunicatewithcustomersandtoinitiatevariousworkflowsregardingmanagement,flatmaintenanceetc.
OnedayLucygetsacallfromtherenterJoe,whoishavingproblemswithhisbathroomlight(cf.
Fig.
1).
ThemashupidentifiesJoebyhisphonenumberanddisplayshiscustomerinformationonLucy'sscreen(1,2).
HereportstheproblemandLucycapturesitwithinadedicatedjob-management-component(3).
Basedonthegiveninformationthemap-componentdisplayscraftsmenfrompartnerfirmsclosetoJoe'sapartment.
Lucyselectsoneorseveralcraftsmen,whoshouldbenotifiedaboutthejobdetails(4).
Sheusesoneofthemessagingcomponents(likeinstantmessaging,voice-calls,SMS/MMS)tocontactthecraftsmen.
LucysendsanMMStotheselectedcraftsmenwithJoe'saddressandproblemdescription(5,6).
TheelectricianPeterisoneofthecontactedcraftsmen.
HereceivesthemessagefromLucywhileontheroadandconfirmsthetaskviaaSMSfromhismobilephone.
Usually,whenintheofficePeterrepliesbycallingintothemashupapplicationusinghistraditionalofficephonetogetfurtherinformationorcoordinatenextactionswithIntegrationofTelcoServicesintoEnterpriseMashupApplications39Lucy(7).
ThemashupconfirmsthatPeteracceptedthejobanddisplaysanotificationmessageonLucy'sscreen(8).
Lucyacceptshisconfirmationandassignshimtothisjob(9).
Fig.
1.
EnterprisemashupapplicationwithintegratedtelcoservicesTheexampleshowshowtwodifferentprocesses(orderregistrationandlightrepair)canbeseamlesslyintegratedintoasingleworkflowunderdifferentcommunicationconstraints(Internet,landandmobilephonelines).
Theintegratingmediumherebyisthededicatedtelcomashupapplication,transcendingtechnologicalcommunicationconstrainsandthusenablingcommunicationanddataexchangebetweeninvolvedpartiesinanewway.
Thepresentedscenarioisatypicaleverydayscenarioandlimitedincomplexity–butitsimplementationishinderedthroughseveralproblemswehaveidentifiedduringourresearch.
1.
Telecommunicationnetworksandmobiledevicesarenotyetperceivedasanefficientcommunicationchannelbeingabletoperformprocessintegrationandcoordination.
2.
ThemissingmodelsandframeworkshindertheintegrationoftelephonyservicesintoWeb-andsoftwaresolutions.
3.
Developmentoftelco-enabledsolutionsisatime-consuminganderror-pronetask.
DespitemanyexistingtoolsandframeworksthereisnorigorousandsystematicJoe:RenterPAWebSolution:TelcoMashupLucy:CustomerAdvisorMike:CraftsmanPeter:Craftsman1:call(problem)(TelcoService)2:customerCalled(customerData,problem)3:saveProblemDescription(problem)4:selectAndInformCraftsmen()5:MMSwithclientdataandproblemdescription(TelcoService)6:MMSwithclientdataandproblemdescription(TelcoService)7:callAndConfirmTheOrder()(TelcoService)8:craftsmanResponsed(craftsmanId)9:assignCraftsman(craftsmanId)40O.
Chudnovskyyetal.
approachenablingcosts-efficientdevelopmentandevolutionoftelco-enabledWebapplications.
Totacklethestatedproblemswederivethemainresearchchallengesdiscussedinthenextsections:WhattypesoftelcoservicesdoexistandwhataretheirkeycharacteristicsItisimportanttoclassifyandanalyzedifferenttypesoftelcoservices.
Servicesmayoperateinvariousnetworksandprovidedifferentdatatransfercapabilities(e.
g.
instantmessaging,signaling,SMS/MMSetc.
)Theircharacteristicshaveacrucialimpactonscenariosandapplicationpossibilitiesforprocessorchestrationandintegration.
HowcantelcoservicesbecombinedwithotherfunctionalitiesanddatasourcesWebmashupshasshownthatdevelopmentofnewapplicationsbasedonexistingcomponentsandfunctionalitiescanbeeasyandevenaccessibleforendusers.
Itisnecessarytodeviseadedicatedmashupmodelandarchitecture,whichwouldsupportdatatransferandprocessintegrationusingtelcoservices.
Howshouldasystematicapproachfortelco-enabledmashupsdevelopmentlooklikeItisnecessarytodeviseadedicateddevelopmentprocessandaframework,whichwouldreducetimeandcostsforthedevelopmentoftelcomashups.
Theaverageusersshouldbesupportedintheprocessofcreatingtheirownmashupsinasystematicandefficientway.
Inthefollowingsections,wefocusontheseresearchquestions,analyzedifferentkindsoftelcoservicesandintroducetelcomashupswithdedicateddevelopmentprocessandframework.
3TelcoServicesandEnterpriseApplicationsWedefinetelcoservicesassoftwareservicesthatprovidecommunicationandcollaborationsupport.
Dependingonthenetworktheseservicesoperatein,wedistinguishbetweeninternettelcoservices,convergedservicesandsignalingservices.
InternettelcoservicesoperateexclusivelyintheInternet,e.
g.
VoiceoverIP(VoIP)orinstantmessaging.
Thevarietyofavailableprotocolsandtechnologiesenabletheseservicestobeusedincomplexdatatransferandworkflowexecutionscenariosbetweendistributedsystems.
Internettelcoservicesprovideanefficienttoolforasynchronousdatatransferandsynchronousvoice/videocommunication.
Furthermore,datatransferredoverserviceslikeinstantmessagingcanbeprocessedautomaticallybysoftwareandinitiatefurtherexecutionsteps.
Skype[5],Sipgate[6]orGoogleVoice[7]aresomeexamplesoftheinternettelcoservicesproviders.
Convergedservicesmediatebetweendifferentnetworksandcommunicationprotocols.
ASMSmessageorVoIPcallsfromInternettoamobilephoneareexamplesofconvergedservices.
Convergedservicesenablelocation-independentdataexchangebetweenparties,whohavenoaccesstotheInternetbutcancommunicateoverotherchannelslikeoperatornetworks.
Especiallyprocessesanddecisiontasks,IntegrationofTelcoServicesintoEnterpriseMashupApplications41wherepeopleareinvolved,canbenefitfromcapabilitiesofoperatornetworksandpervasiveavailabilityofmobiledevices.
Thedatapacketsareusuallylimitedinsizeandthemediationbetweennetworksismoreexpensive.
However,smallmessagesareoftenenoughtoconfirmtasksortoproviderequiredinformation.
MonitoringandmanagementofprocessescanbeperformedaswellbynotificationusingSMSorMMS.
Tropo[8]andTwilio[9]aretwowide-spreadconvergedservicesproviders.
Signalingservices,whichprovideaccesstoanetworkoperator'ssignalinginfrastructure.
ExamplesofsignalingservicesarenotificationsaboutincomingcallsornegotiationofQualityofService(QoS)parameters.
Furthermore,signalingservicescanbeusedtoestablishaconnectionbetweentwopartiesinordertoinitiatedatatransferoveralternativecommunicationchannel.
ProvidersofsignalingservicesareforexampleDevelopergarden[10],ComfoneSignaling[11]orOrangeAPI[12].
Finally,wedefinedeviceAPIsasservices,whichenableaccesstodevicecapabilitiessuchascameras,microphone,locationservicesetc.
DeviceAPIsprovideadditionaldata,whichcanbeimportantorwishfulformanyenterprisescenarios.
Forexample,locationdatafromsmartphoneswithGPSsupportcanbeutilizedfordecisionmakingandtaskassignmentprocess.
Asaresultabetterawarenessofcommunicationpartnerscanbeachieved.
FurthermoredeviceAPIsenablemashupapplicationstobepartiallyexecutedontheenddevicesandprovideadditionalfunctionstotheuser.
Basedonthisclassification,wederiveareferencearchitecture,whichenablesWebmashupstointegratethepresentedtelcoservices.
4IntegratingTelcoServicesintoMashupsTelcomashupsrepresentanenhancementofclassicWebmashupsandleveragethecapabilitiesoftelcoservices.
Withinamashuptelcoservicesarecombinedwithotherfunctionalities,whichenableexecutionofbothad-hocandcomplexcross-organizationalworkflows.
Weidentifiedseverallayersofcombinationandaggregationpossibilitiesregardingdata,applicationlogicandpiecesofuserinterface:ServiceBindingLayerspecifiesdatasourcesandservicestobeintegratedintothemashup.
Duetothevarietyofavailablestandardsandprotocols(SOAP,REST,Atom,RSSetc.
)theinterfaceofservicesexposedtotheupperlayersshouldbeunifiedandexpressedwithinonesemanticallyenricheddescriptionlanguage.
Policies,securityconsiderationsaswellasqualityofserviceaspectshavetobedefinedatthispointtoenablecross-organizationaldatatransferandserviceinvocation.
Federationaspectsofservicesshouldbesystematicallydesignedusingdedicatedmodelinglanguagesaspresentedin[13,14].
TheDataMashupLayerrepresentsastep,wheredatacomingfromanumberofheterogeneoussourcesaretransformed,filteredandaggregated.
Thecombinationalgorithmtobeappliedmightbegiveneitherinformofasimplescriptsnippetorusingadedicatedmashuplanguage,e.
g.
EMML[15]orDERIPipes[16].
Theunderlyingmodelsmayvaryaswell,e.
g.
thecombinationofdatacanbeexpressed42O.
Chudnovskyyetal.
informofpipes(theoutputofserviceAisconnectedwithinputofserviceB)orintermsofdeclarativeinstructions(datafederationpattern).
Thedatamashupenablesintegrationofinformationcomingfromdifferentorganizationsanddepartmentsinordertovisualizeworkflows,executionstates,relationshipsetc.
Inenterprisescenariostheaggregateddatacanbeusedtomakedecisionsandinitiatefurtherexecutionstepsorprocesses[17].
Thethirdlayer,theWidgetLayerspecifiesgraphicalinterfacesandinteractionwithunderlyingdatamashupsorservices.
Theresultingcomponents,calledwidgets,canbebasedonvariousstandards,e.
g.
W3CWidgets[18],JavaPortlets[19],GoogleGadgets[20]etc.
Pre-definedpackagingformatsandwell-definedinterfacestotherun-timeenvironmentmakewidgetshighlyreusableandeasilydistributable.
Widgetscanbeproducedbydifferentvendorsandbusinesspartners,sothatcompleteprocessesandworkflowsareimplementedwithinonesinglecomponent.
Tofacilitatethereusabilityofwidgetsweproposetouseadedicatedwidgetrepository.
Thediscoveryofcomponentsshouldbeenabledthroughanexpressivesemanticdescriptionlanguage.
ThecompositionofwidgetstowardsthefinalWebapplicationisperformedwithintheWorkspaceLayer.
Aworkspace(orUI/UX-mashup)isasetofinter-connectedwidgetswithadditionalservicesandconfigurationsregardinginter-widgetcommunication,layout,userinterfacepresentationanduserexperience.
Theuserofamashupworkswiththeworkspaceandconsumesfunctionsprovidedbythewidgets.
Widgetscommunicatewitheachotherusingadedicatedeventbusandaccessgeneralservicesimplementedbythetelcomashupexecutionplatform.
Incomingcallsormessagingservicesarepropagatedbytheplatformtotheworkspace,sothateachwidgetisnotifiedaboutcontextchangesorevents.
Inter-widgetcommunicationisausefulmechanismtotransferdatabetweensinglebusinessprocessesandocoordinateexecutionofsingletasks[21].
TheTelcoMashupExecutionPlatformrepresentsthecorecomponentoftelco-enabledmashups.
Theplatformprovidesaccesstobuilt-intelcoservicesandsupportsthewholelifecycleofamashup.
Basedonthepresentedarchitecturewederiverequirementsandidentifymainfunctions,whichshouldbeimplementedbytheplatforminordertooperatetelcomashups(Fig.
2).
TheplatformshouldprovideabridgebetweentheInternetandoneorseveraloperatornetworks.
Telcomashupsareexecutedwithintheplatform,whichisactuallydistributedontheclientside(embeddedintotheWebbrowser)andserverside.
Serversideprovidesaccesstoembeddedtelcoservicesandmashupmanagementfacilities.
Uponrequest,newmashupsareinstantiatedbasedontheirconfiguration(storedinmashuprepository)anduserprofilesettings(security,billingandservicelevelagreements).
Theexecutionofmashupsismanagedbythelifecyclemanagercomponent,whichguarantees,thatchargingandQoSsettings,predefinedavailabilityaswellassecurityandfederationrulesarerespected.
Thecommunicationmanagerhostedontheserversideoftheexecutionplatformprovidesendpointsformobiledevices,managesincomingcallsandroutesthemtocorrespondingmashupinstances.
IntegrationofTelcoServicesintoEnterpriseMashupApplications43Assuch,theexecutionplatformprovidesfacilitiestomanageandoperatetelco-enabledmashups.
Following,weanalyzeitsapplicationandprovideguidancetotakeallpresentedaspectsoftheplatformandtelcomashupsintoaccount.
Fig.
2.
Telcomashupexecutionplatform5DevelopmentofTelcoMashupsThedevelopmentoftelcomashupsdiffersfromtraditionalWebapplicationsinmanyaspects.
First,mashupsingeneralarebasedonthelatest,easy-to-useWebtechnologieslikeREST,Atom,RSSetc.
andservetypicallyaspecificsituationalneed[3].
Second,thedevelopmentparadigmenvisionsthatevenendusersareabletobuildtheirownmashups.
Finally,theheterogeneityofmashupcomponents,datasourcesandservicesrequiresasystematicevolutionmanagementandcarefulmashupdesign[22].
Following,weanalyzetheseandtelco-specificaspects,whichshouldbeconsideredwhiledevelopingandmaintainingtelcomashups.
Weseparateconcernsanddescribetaskstobeperformedindifferentphasesofmashuplifecycle(Fig.
3).
ThelifecycleofanewtelcomashupapplicationbeginswithitsConceptualDesign,e.
g.
withthedefinitionofessentialmashupcharacteristicsliketitle,description,categoryandpurpose.
Financialandgovernancerules,qualityofserviceaspectsandusagepoliciesarespecifiedwithinthisstage.
Thedefinitionscanbemadebothbyend-usersaswellasskilleddevelopers.
Thespecifiedpoliciesshouldberespectedin44O.
Chudnovskyyetal.
thelaterdesignphasesaswellasduringmashupexecution.
Tosupportend-usersinthisprocess,themashupdevelopmentplatformshouldprovidediscoveryandrecommendationfacilities.
Mashupsbuiltbyotheruserscanbere-usedasastartingpointorasatemplateforthenewlycreatedone.
Fig.
3.
TelcomashuplifecycleWithintheLogicalDesignstageonedefinestheabstractlayoutandbasiscomponentsofthemashup.
Developer(orend-user)assignalayouttotheworkspaceandselectcomponentstobeassembled.
Atthispointthemashupisspecifiedonalogicallevelonly,i.
e.
usingabstractionsofcomponentsinsteadofconcreteimplementations.
Pre-definedlayoutsaswellascompositionsuggestionsshouldbeprovidedbythedevelopmentplatformtosimplifythesesteps.
Thelogicaldescriptionofamashupinstanceisanimportantartifact,whichisusedinlaterphasestosuggestimplementationpossibilitiesortoexchangecomponentsatrun-time,especiallyintelco-specificscenariossuchasroaming.
WesuggestusingRDF-baseddescriptionlanguagesanddedicatedknowledgemodelstoenableautomaticcompositionandcontextadaptiontasks[23].
ThesubsequentPhysicalDesignphasecanbecompletedeitherbyskilleddeveloperorautomaticallyderivedfromthelogicaldescription.
Atthispoint,thesystemassignsconcreteimplementationsofwidgets,servicesanddatasourcestothelogicalrepresentativesthathavebeencomposedasworkspace.
Themashupdevelopmentplatformshouldprovidearepositorywithready-to-usecomponentsandtemplates,whichcanbecompletedbymashupdevelopers.
Ifnocomponentsatisfiesthegoals,adedicatedwidgeteditorisusedtocreatenewdatamashupsandwrapthemusinggraphicalinterface.
Thelookandfeelofmashupiscustomizedincompliancetocorporatedesignandspecificguidelines.
Thoughthephysicaldesignwillusuallybedonemanuallyintheearlybeginning,themashupdevelopmentplatformshouldprovideautomaticcompletionfacilitiesaswell.
Theycanbeusedbyunskilleddevelopers,forprototypingpurposesortoproducesimpleshort-livingmashupapplications.
Thedecisionsmadeinthelogicaldesignphase,suchaswidgettypeorcomponentrequirementsareusednowtoselectconcreteimplementationandservicebindings.
Forexample,amapwidgetdefinedinIntegrationofTelcoServicesintoEnterpriseMashupApplications45logicaldesigncanberepresentedbyeitheraGoogleMaporaBingMapcomponent.
Afterthephysicaldesignphaseexecutabledescriptionofmashupisavailable.
Partsofthephysicaldesignlikewidgetcombinationsordatamashupdefinitionsareanalyzedandstoredbyrecommendationengine,whichwillsuggesttheminfutureifsimilarmashupsareconstructed.
TheExecutionphaseisastepwhenamashupinstanceisrunningandisusedbyoneorseveralactorstoperformtheirtasks.
Telcomashupsprovideplentyofcollaborationfunctionalities,whichdon'trequiretheparticipantstoactwithinonesinglenetwork.
Toachievethismashupplatformimplementsbasictelcoservicesandgateways,takescareaboutnetworkmediation,managesbillingandQoSaspectsofmashupapplications.
Theapplicationisrunningaccordingtopoliciesandgovernancerulesdefinedintheconceptualphase.
Forexample,theplatformshouldguaranteethatthemaximalnumberofparticipantsisrespectedortheoperationtimeisnotexceeded.
Thefront-endofthemashupisrenderedaccordingtothephysicaldesignspecification.
Herebythepresentationmaydifferondesktopandmobileclients.
AnimportantphaseofeachmashupinstanceistheEvolutionstage.
WhilethecomponentsandAPIsusedinthemashupevolve,obsoletewidgetsmightberemovedfromtheworkspaceorreplacedbybetterones,andnewrequirementsmightbemetwiththeadditionofnewwidgets.
Thededicatedrepositoriesandrecommendationenginessimplifymodificationandextensionofexistingmashupinstancesandsupporttheircontinuousevolution.
Servicebindingsandoperationrulescanevolveaswell,sothatdynamicadaptionfacilitiesareneededtodealwiththechangingcontext.
Atthispoint,thelogicaldefinitionofmashuphelpstofindalternativeimplementationsofcomponentsandtosuggestthebestfittingones.
Governancerulesfromtheconceptualphasedefineifandwhatcomponentscanbeexchanged.
Forexample,onecandisableorrestrictmessagingfunctionsofmashupwhileoperatingabroadinforeignoperatornetworks.
Mashuprun-timecandetectthiscontextchangeandswitchfromInternet-basedcommunicationtoSMS-basedone.
Finally,thePhaseOutisthelastphaseofamashupinstance,wherethedataproducedduringtheexecutioniscollectedandarchivedaccordingtothepre-definedrulesandpolicies.
Userscannotaccessthemashupanymore,butareabletoretrieveoperationstatistics,logfiles,protocolsorcollecttheirowndataetc.
beforethemashupisfinallyterminated.
Whatinformationisimportantandhowdatashouldbedealtwithafterthemashupbecomesunavailableisretrievedfromtheconceptualdescriptionofthemashup.
Aswehaveshown,systematicdevelopmentoftelco-enhancedmashupapplicationsandintegrationoftelcoservicesintomashupapplicationsrequiresmanyadditionalconsiderations(andoftendedicatedsupportingsoftware)duringthedevelopmentprocess.
Thequalityandeffortneededtodevelopsuchkindofapplicationsdependamongothersonthefacilitiesprovidedbythedevelopmentplatform.
Weconsiderreusabilityasakeysuccessfactorforcosts-andtime-efficientdevelopmentofmashupapplications.
Therefore,componentslikemashuprepositoryandrecommendationsareintegralpartsofourproposedmashupplatformandwillgainmoreattentioninfutureresearchanddevelopment.
46O.
Chudnovskyyetal.
6RelatedWorkMuchworkhasalreadybeendoneinthefieldofmashups,bothontheconsumermashupsaswellasonenterprise-orientedmashupsside.
Thelatteronesareespeciallyrelatedtoourworkastheyenableintegrationofheterogeneoussourcesindifferentdimensions(data,servicesandUI/UXcomponents)andtakegovernance,managementandsecurityaspectsintoaccount.
Following,wepresentandanalyzesomeoftherecentdevelopmentsandshowtheirrelationtoourapproach.
IBMMashupCenter[24]isapopularenterprisemashupsolution,whichtargetsenterpriseuserswithdifferentneedsandskills.
Theproducedmashupsenableintegrationofdata,servicesandwidgetsfromvarious(alsolegacy)sources.
Similartoourmodelandarchitecture,mashupsproducedbyIBMMashupCenterareassembledonbothdataandUIlevels.
Similartoourapproach,arepositorywithmashuptemplatesisavailable,whichsignificantlysimplifiesthedevelopmentofnewapplications.
ThoughIBMMashupCenterprovidesmuchsupportinthemashupdesign,thetelco-relatedaspectsandinvocationoflocalserviceslikedeviceAPIsarenotcovered.
AnotherrepresentativeofmashupdevelopmentplatformsisJackBePresto[25].
Itsgoalistofacilitateimplementationofmanagementdashboards,enterprisemashupsandbusinessintelligenceapplications.
SameasIBMMashupCenter,theJackBePrestoplatformprovidesagraphicaleditorfordatamashupsandvisualizesthemusingwidget-likeobjectscalledApps.
ThoughJackBePrestoprovidesapowerfulplatformtodevelopenterprisemashupapplications,theintegrationoftelcoservicesremainschallenging.
Incomingvoicecallsandmessagesshouldbehandledmanually.
Collaborativefunctionsandlifecyclemanagementisalsonotconsideredwithinthisapproach.
Inacademia,themodelsandarchitecturesofenterprisemashupapplicationshavebeenthoroughlyexplored,e.
g.
in[26],[27],or[28].
Similartoourproposal,theproposedmashupmodelsusuallyconsistofseveralaggregationlayers.
TheaggregationisperformedbothondataandUI-thisapproachcoversmanyoftheenterpriseusecasesandmeetsdifferentneedsoftheend-users.
Thoughmanyapproachesexist,noneofthemaddressesthetelcoaspectsofenterprisemashups.
TherearesomefewinitiativesinEuropeanprojectswhichresearchonthefieldoftelcoserviceandWeb2.
0integration.
Forexample,OPUCE[29]focusesonbuildinganinfrastructuretofacilitatethedevelopmentandorchestrationofWebservices.
Theplatformsupportsmashupadaptabilityandcontextawarenessregardingusers,operatornetworksanddevices.
Furthermore,itintegratesvarioustelcoserviceslikein-oroutgoingcalls,messagingservicesetc.
However,billingandQoSmanagementaspectsarenotaddressedbyresultingmashups.
OPUCEproducessingle-user-applicationsandnotmulti-user-enabledonesasinourapproach.
SPICE[30]isanotherEuropeanproject,whichtargetsparticularlytelcodomain.
Theeditorproducedintheprojectenablessemanticannotationofservicestotakenon-functionaltelco-relatedaspectsintoaccount.
In-andoutgoingcallsaresupportedthroughamediagateway(AsteriskPBX[31])andenablealsodial-inclientstocommunicatewithmashupapplication.
AlsochargingandmanagementfunctionareIntegrationofTelcoServicesintoEnterpriseMashupApplications47addressedthroughcommunicationwithotherplatformcomponentsoverFTPorRointerface.
AswithOPUCE,collaborationofseveralusersusingdifferentdevicesisnotaddressedwithinSPICEmashups.
Thepresentedapproachesdealwellwithenterprisemashupswhenitcomestointegrationofsourcesavailable(ormadeavailable)overtheWeb.
Aswehaveseenabove,integrationoftelcoservicesisratherchallengingandthusrequiresdedicatedmodels,architecturesandcompositionapproaches.
7ConclusionsandOutlookInthispaperwehavepresentedour'workinprogress'onthefieldoftelcomashups.
Weanalyzedhowbusinessscenariosbenefitfromtheavailabilityofseveralcommunicationchannels(i.
e.
Internetandoperatornetwork)anddemonstrateditusinganexamplescenariofrompropertymanagementdomain.
Weproposedadedicatedtelcomashupreferencearchitectureandexecutionplatform.
Toprovideguidanceinthedevelopmentprocess,weanalyzedtheirlifecycleandgaverecommendationstoeachoperationstage.
Requirementsmadeonthedevelopmentplatformwillserveasbasisforourfutureresearch.
Currently,weareworkingonthespecificationofdedicatedmashupandworkspacedescriptionlanguages,whichshouldcoveralltheaspectsofpresentedlifecycle.
Furthermore,wearegoingtodevelopfirstprototypesofexecutionanddevelopmentplatformsandapplythemtoimplementtheexampleabove.
Acknowledgements:ThisworkwassupportedbyfundsfromtheEuropeanCommission(projectOmelette,contractno.
257635).
References1.
MarketShareAnalysis:MobileDevices,Worldwide,4Q10and2010(April22,2011),http://www.
gartner.
com/DisplayDocumentref=clientFriendlyUrl&id=15421142.
ProgrammableWeb-Mashups,APIs,andtheWebasPlatform(June09,2011),http://www.
programmableweb.
com/3.
Yu,J.
,Benatallah,B.
,Casati,F.
,Daniel,F.
:UnderstandingMashupDevelopment.
IEEEInternetComputing12,44–52(2008)4.
RoyChowdhury,S.
,Rodríguez,C.
,Daniel,F.
,Casati,F.
:Wisdom-AwareComputing:OntheInteractiveRecommendationofCompositionKnowledge.
In:Maximilien,E.
M.
,Rossi,G.
,Yuan,S.
-T.
,Ludwig,H.
,Fantinato,M.
(eds.
)ICSOC2010.
LNCS,vol.
6568,pp.
144–155.
Springer,Heidelberg(2011)5.
Skype(April25,2011),http://www.
skype.
com/intl/en/home6.
Sipgate(April25,2011),http://www.
sipgate.
de/basic7.
Google:GoogleVoice(April25,2011),https://www.
google.
com/voice8.
Tropo-CloudAPIforVoice,SMS,andInstantMessagingServices(April25,2011),https://www.
tropo.
com/home.
jsp9.
Twilio(April25,2011),http://www.
twilio.
com/10.
Developergarden(April25,2011),http://www.
developergarden.
com/startseite48O.
Chudnovskyyetal.
11.
ConfomeSignaling(April25,2011),http://www.
comfone.
com/index.
php/services/signalling12.
OrangeAPI(April25,2011),http://www.
api.
orange.
com/13.
Meinecke,J.
,Gaedke,M.
:ModelingFederationsofWebApplicationswithWAM.
IEEE(2005)14.
Heil,A.
,Gaedke,M.
,Meinecke,J.
:IdentifyingSecurityAspectsinWeb-BasedFederations.
IEEE(2008)15.
Viswanathan,A.
:MashupsandtheEnterpriseMashupMarkupLanguage(EMML)(October18,2010),http://www.
drdobbs.
com/article/printableArticle.
jhtmlarticleId=224300049&dept_url=/java/16.
Phuoc,D.
L.
,Polleres,A.
,Tummarello,G.
,Morbidoni,C.
:DERIPipes:visualtoolforwiringWebdatasources(2008)17.
Truong,H.
-l.
,Dustdar,S.
:IntegratingDataforBusinessProcessManagement.
IEEEDataEng.
Bull.
32,48–53(2009)18.
WidgetPackagingandConfiguration(June09,2011),http://www.
w3.
org/TR/widgets/19.
SunMicrosystems:IntroductiontoJSR168—TheJavaPortletSpecification(June09,2011),http://developers.
sun.
com/portalserver/reference/techart/jsr168/20.
GadgetsSpecification-GadgetsAPI-GoogleCode(June09,2011),http://code.
google.
com/intl/de-DE/apis/gadgets/docs/spec.
html21.
Daniel,F.
,Soi,S.
,Tranquillini,S.
,Casati,F.
,Heng,C.
,Yan,L.
:FrompeopletoservicestoUI:distributedorchestrationofuserinterfaces,pp.
310–326(2010)22.
Cappiello,C.
,Daniel,F.
,Matera,M.
,Pautasso,C.
:InformationQualityinMashups.
IEEEInternetComputing14,14–22(2010)23.
Fortier,A.
,Rossi,G.
,Gordillo,S.
E.
,Challiol,C.
:Dealingwithvariabilityincontext-awaremobilesoftware.
JournalofSystemsandSoftware83,915–936(2010)24.
IBM:IBMMashupCenter(2011),http://www-01.
ibm.
com/software/info/mashup-center/25.
JackBe:Presto(April24,2011),http://www.
jackbe.
com/26.
López,J.
,Bellas,F.
,Pan,A.
,Montoto,P.
:AComponent-BasedApproachforEngineeringEnterpriseMashups.
In:Gaedke,M.
,Grossniklaus,M.
,Díaz,O.
(eds.
)ICWE2009.
LNCS,vol.
5648,pp.
30–44.
Springer,Heidelberg(2009)27.
Yu,J.
,Benatallah,B.
,Saint-Paul,R.
,Casati,F.
,Daniel,F.
,Matera,M.
:Aframeworkforrapidintegrationofpresentationcomponents.
In:Proceedingsofthe16thInternationalConferenceonWorldWideWeb-WWW2007,p.
923(2007)28.
Gurram,R.
,Mo,B.
,Gueldemeister,R.
:AWebBasedMashupPlatformforEnterprise2.
0.
In:Hartmann,S.
,Zhou,X.
,Kirchberg,M.
(eds.
)WISE2008.
LNCS,vol.
5176,pp.
144–151.
Springer,Heidelberg(2008)29.
Sienel,J.
,Martín,A.
L.
,Zorita,C.
B.
,Martínez,B.
C.
:OPUCE:ATelco-DrivenServiceMash-UpApproach.
BellLabsTechnicalJournal14,203–218(2009)30.
Droegehorn,O.
,Konig,I.
,Le-Jeune,G.
,Cupillard,J.
,Belaunde,M.
,Kovacs,E.
:Professionalandend-user-drivenservicecreationintheSPICEplatform.
In:2008InternationalSymposiumonaWorldofWireless,MobileandMultimediaNetworks,pp.
1–8.
IEEE(2008)31.
Asterisk-TheOpenSourceTelephonyProjects|Asterisk(April24,2011),http://www.
asterisk.
org/