sensorrepaired
repaired 时间:2021-04-12 阅读:(
)
T.
R.
T.
R.
THEMINISTRYOFTHEMINISTRYOFENVIRONMENTANDFORESTRYENVIRONMENTANDFORESTRYTURKISHSTATEMETEOROLOGICALSERVICETURKISHSTATEMETEOROLOGICALSERVICEMODERNIZATIONOFMODERNIZATIONOFOBSERVATIONNETWORKOBSERVATIONNETWORKINTURKEYINTURKEYErcanBüyükbaErcanBüyükbaManagerManagerElectronicElectronicObservingObservingSystemsSystemsDivisionDivisionCONTENTSCONTENTS1.
INTRODUCTION2.
OBSERVATIONNETWORK3.
MODERNIZATIONSTUDIES4.
CONCLUSION1.
INTRODUCTION1.
INTRODUCTIONInlinewiththeincreasingneedsofthedevelopingworld,ithasbecomeanecessitytoobtainmorereliableandcontinuousmeteorologicaldataandtransferthesedatainduecoursetothosewhoareconcerned.
Todaymanysectorssuchasaviation,transportation,agriculture,construction,tourism,health,justice,security,nationaldefence,writtenandvisualpress,andsportsareverymuchinneedofmeteorologicaldatasupport.
TurkishStateMeteorologicalService(TSMS)startedin1997themodernisationstudiesofmeteorologicalsystems,preparedinvestmentsprojectsofgreatimportanceandgotdowntoexecutionofthemataveryhighspeedwithaviewtorenderingthebestservicetoalluserswhodemandmeteorologicalsupport,andfurnishtheuserswithmorereliabledatacontinuallyandtoputtotheserviceofthedomesticandinternationaluserstheproductsandinnovationsdevelopedbymoderntechnologyinthefieldofmeteorology.
Oneofthosemodernisationstudiesistherenovationoftheexistingobservationnetworkandestablishmentofautomatedmeasuringandreportingsystems,i.
e.
AWOS.
Ingeneral,twotypesofobservationhavebeenmadeinTurkeybutthispresentationcoversthemodernisationstudiesofthesurfaceobservationsystemsonly.
2.
2.
OBSERVATIONNETWORKOBSERVATIONNETWORKTSMShasbeenoperatingameteorologicalobservationnetworkspreadalloverthecountryconsistingof:climatologicstations–339(161automated)synopticstations–110(45automated)airportstations–65(22automated)automatedwindmeasuringandmonitoringsystems-41weatherradars–4radiosondestations–7satellitereceivingsystem-1Thesurfaceobservationnetworkbeforetheimplementationofmodernizationprogram;Mainlyun-automatedConventionalmeteorologicalinstrumentsAfewautomatedobservationinstruments33.
.
MODERNIZATIONSTUDIESMODERNIZATIONSTUDIESAfterstartingthemodernizationprogramin1997,stationsinthewesternpartofTurkeyhavebeenequippedwithautomatedweatherobservingsystems,weatherradarsandsatellitebasedcommunicationsystem(VSAT).
Thosestudiesarestillinprogressandremainpartofthenetworkisplannedtobeequippedwithautomatedsystemsby2010.
Someoftheproposedsystemswithinthescopeofmodernizationprogramhavealreadybeeninstalledandputintotheservice.
Theseare:C-BandMeteorologicalDopplerRadar(4)AutomatedWeatherObservationSystems(228)ElectronicWindMeasuringSystems(41)GPSbasedradiosondestations(7)SatelliteBasedCommunicationSystem(VSAT-228)MeteorologicalSatelliteReceivingSystem(1)MessageSwitchingSystem(1)33.
.
1.
1.
AutomatedAutomatedWeatherWeatherObservingObservingSystemsSystems(AWOS)(AWOS)AutomatedWeatherObservationStationisacompleteobservingsetconsistingof:sensorsandsensorinterfacesdatacollectionunitcentralcontrolandprocessingunitdisplayunitcommunicationinterfacespowersupplies3.
2.
3.
2.
SiteselectionSiteselectionDeterminationofthecorrectlocationstoinstallAWOSsisthefirstandthemostimportantstepforoverallsuccessoftheproject.
TheselocationshavebeendeterminedbyTSMSconsideringWMOrecommendations.
Duringthatdeterminationstudyfollowingcriteriawereconsidered:typesofmeteorologicalparameterstobemeasuredpurposeofobtainingthoseparametersvariabilityofparametersaccordingtotheotherplacesaroundthestationthesizeoftheareapresentedbythestationsuitabilityformeteorologicalobservationinfrastructureandcommunicationfacilities3.
3.
3.
3.
GeneralsystemarchitectureGeneralsystemarchitectureAgeneralarchitectureandsystemcomponentsofAWOSnetworkisshownbelow.
ThisconfigurationusestheVSATnetworkastheprimarycommunicationsmedium.
AsecondarycommunicationchannelusingPSTNisproposedformaintenancepurposesaswellasabackuplineiftheVSATnetworkbecomesunserviceable.
TheObserverconsoleisauserfriendlysystemthatdisplaysmeteorologicalinformationcomingfromaDataCollectionUnit(DCU)aswellasallowanobservertomanuallysupplementothermeteorologicalvariablessuchascloud,visibility,weather,phenomena,etc.
intotheoverallstationobservationprocess.
TheconsoleautomaticallyacceptsdatafromaDCUandlogthisinformationinitslocaldatabase.
ObserverObserverConsoleConsoleScreenScreenTheNetworkMonitorTerminalisacentralisedcomputersystemusedbyoperationalstaffintheforecastingcentretoviewandcontrolautomatedsurfaceobservationnetwork.
Thatterminalallowstheoperatorstointerrogateastationanduploadhigh-resolution(10min.
,1min.
)datathatisloggedwithintheObserverconsoleorDCUintheremotestationtosupportforecastingactivities,scientificresearchanddatamanagementactivities.
TheNetworkMaintenanceTerminalisacentralisedcomputersystemusedbythemaintenancestafftoassistinthemaintenanceoftheautomatedsurfaceobservationnetwork.
Byusingthisterminal,maintenancestaffcananalysestatusanddiagnosticsinformationontheoperationalnetwork.
Thesystemwouldalsoallowcentralconnectiontoanyobservationalsitetoperformremotefirst-inmaintenanceorfurthersystemdiagnosis.
ThesystemisalsousedtoremotelyupgradeoutstationsoftwareonboththeObserverConsoleandtheDCUequipment.
STATIONINFAILURECHECKTHEPARAMETERSNORMAL3.
43.
4.
Parametersmeasuredautomatically.
ParametersmeasuredautomaticallyzWindspeedzWinddirectionzAirtemperaturezDewpointzRelativehumidityzPrecipitationzAirpressurezSolarradiationzHeightofCloudbasezMORandRVRzRunwaySurfaceTemperature3.
3.
55.
Advantagesofautomatedweather.
AdvantagesofautomatedweatherobservobservingingsystemssystemsAdvantagesofautomatedsystemscanbesummarisedasfollows:Standardisationofobservations(bothtimeandquality)Continuousmeasuringofparametersdaytimeandnight-timeMoreaccurateMorereliableHigherresolutionCollectionofdatainagreatervolumeAdjustablesamplingintervalfordifferentparametersFreefromreadingerrorsFreefromsubjectivityAutomaticQCinbothcollectionandreportingstagesAutomaticmessagegenerationandtransmissionMonitoringofmeteorologicaldataAccessofarchiveddatalocallyorremotelyDatacollectionfromharshenvironments3.
3.
66.
Disadvantagesofautomated.
DisadvantagesofautomatedobservationsobservationsAutomatedobservationshavealsosomedisadvantages.
Thosesystemsrequire;OngoingperiodicmaintenancePeriodictestandcalibrationWelltrainedtechniciansandspecialistsWelltrainedoperatorsHighcostofinstrumentationandoperation3.
73.
7.
FeaturesofAWOSNetwork.
FeaturesofAWOSNetworkTheAWOSnetworkiscapableof:Collecting,processinganddisplayingmeteorologicaldataPerformingautomatedgenerationandtransmissionofmeteorologicalreportssuchasSYNOP,METAR,SPECI,etc.
BeingconfiguredtosupportawiderangeofsensorconfigurationsSupportingavastrangeofdatacommunicationoptionsManagingallcommunicationprotocolsforthevarioussensorsandotherdatacommunicationequipmentStoringallrelevantdataforsubsequentretrievalasrequiredAllowingformanualinputofadditionalinformationunabletobeautomaticallymeasuredProvidingQualityControlonbothdatameasurementsandmessagegenerationAllowingauthoriseduserstoaccessremotelyforanytaskstobeperformed3.
83.
8.
SensorsinAWOSnetwork.
SensorsinAWOSnetworkFollowingparametersaremeasuredautomaticallybythesensorsconnectedtoDCU:WindspeedWinddirectionAirtemperatureRelativehumidityAirpressurePrecipitationHeightofCloudBaseVisibilitySoilTemperaturesSoilmoistureGlobalradiationDirectradiationSnowdepthInadditiontomeasuredparameters,someparametersarecalculatedbyusingmeasureddata.
Theseare:WetbulbtemperatureDewpointVapourpressureEvaporationDiffuseradiationSunshinedurationRunwayVisualRange3.
93.
9.
NetworkMaintenance.
NetworkMaintenanceInaverynearfuture,TSMSwillbeoperatingaverylargeobservationnetworkconsistingof600automatedstations,15weatherradars,communicationequipment,etc.
Themostimportantprocessaftertheinstallationofsuchsystemsisregularmaintenanceofthenetworkandeachsubcomponent.
Maintenancepolicy:-Protectivemaintenance-Correctivemaintenance-Calibration3.
93.
9.
1.
Protectivemaintenance.
1.
ProtectivemaintenancezDailymaintenance:bylocaltechniciansand/oroperatorsgeneralsystemcontrolcheckingdatatransmission,recorders,printers,etc.
cleaningofcomponentsreportingtothecentrezWeekly-monthlymaintenance:bylocaltechniciansgeneralsystemcontrolcheckingdatatransmission,recorders,printers,etc.
cleaningofcomponentsQualitycontrolofdatareportingtothecentrez6month-andyearlymaintenance:BytrainedtechniciansfromcentregeneralsystemcontrolSystemperformancetestFieldcalibrationcheckingdatatransmission,recorders,printers,etc.
Correctionoffailuresifany3.
93.
9.
2.
Correctivemaintenance.
2.
CorrectivemaintenanceAnysystemfailurecanberepairedbytwoways:VLocally:Systemfailuresincertainlevelshallberepairedbylocaltechnicianswithremotesupportfrommaintenancecentre.
VFromcentre:Thefailureswhichcannotberepairedbylocaltechniciansshallbeundertheresponsibilityofsystemspecialistsandtechniciansinthecentre.
Incaseofsuchafailure,thesespecialistsortechnicianswillreachthestationassoonaspossibleandsolvetheproblem.
3.
93.
9.
3.
Calibration.
3.
CalibrationItisnecessarytocalibratethesystemstomaintainthequalityofdata.
TSMShasplannedtoupgradeitsinstrumentlaboratorytosupportthatnetwork.
Thislaboratoryisproposedtobeofsufficientstandardandstaffingtoactasthecountry'snationalstandardformeteorologicalobservationsandtopossesslinkagestotheWMORegionalInstrumentCentre,andothernationallaboratories.
44.
CONCLUSION.
CONCLUSIONUsingofmodernobservationsystemsseemstobeanecessitytomeettherequirements.
Itseemsverydifficultfortheautomatedsystemstoreplaceofobservers.
Whileoperatingautomatedsystemweshouldalsokeepthemanualsystemsinoperationforacertainperiodasaback-upsystemaswellforcomparison.
Theobserversshouldbetrainedfornewsystems.
Techniciansshouldhavebasicknowledgeofmeteorologywiththeknowledgeofrelatedscience.
Suchsystemsrequireperiodicmaintenanceandtechnicalservicetomaintainthesysteminoperationproperly.
Meteorologicalservicesshouldsharetheirexperiences.
webhosting24决定从7月1日开始对日本机房的VPS进行NVMe和流量大升级,几乎是翻倍了硬盘和流量,当然前提是价格依旧不变。目前来看,国内过去走的是NTT直连,服务器托管机房应该是CDN77*(也就是datapacket.com),加上高性能平台(AMD Ryzen 9 3900X+NVMe),这样的日本VPS还是有相当大的性价比的。官方网站:https://www.webhosting...
搬瓦工今天正式对外开卖荷兰阿姆斯特丹机房走联通AS9929高端线路的VPS,官方标注为“NL - China Unicom Amsterdam(ENUL_9)”,三网都走联通高端网络,即使是在欧洲,国内访问也就是飞快。搬瓦工的依旧是10Gbps带宽,可以在美国cn2 gia、日本软银与荷兰AS9929之间免费切换。官方网站:https://bwh81.net优惠码:BWH3HYATVBJW,节约6...
LOCVPS(全球云)发布了新上韩国机房KVM架构主机信息,提供流量和带宽方式,适用全场8折优惠码,优惠码最低2G内存套餐月付仅44元起。这是一家成立较早的国人VPS服务商,目前提供洛杉矶MC、洛杉矶C3、和香港邦联、香港沙田电信、香港大埔、日本东京、日本大阪、新加坡、德国和荷兰等机房VPS主机,基于KVM或者XEN架构。下面分别列出几款韩国机房KVM主机配置信息。韩国KVM流量型套餐:KR-Pl...
repaired为你推荐
phpcms模板phpcms在后台怎样改模板163yeah163,126,yeah哪个更好啊,各有什么特点啊163yeah网易的163,126,yeah邮箱有什么不同?sqlserver数据库SQL SERVER数据库是可以做什么用的?sqlserver数据库sql server数据库是什么 型数据库asp.net网页制作ASP.NET设计网页的方法?netshwinsockreset开始-运行-输入CMD-确定-输入netsh winsock reset,按Enter确定。然后重启。 是什么意思govya刚刚网新员工入职自我介绍怎么写?电子商务世界世界第一的电子商务网站???
网站域名注册 宿迁服务器租用 国外vps主机 smartvps 国外主机 bbr 香港cdn gateone 英文简历模板word ssh帐号 地址大全 免费ftp站点 500m空间 微软服务器操作系统 net空间 免费网络空间 买空间网 广东服务器托管 google搜索打不开 贵州电信 更多