标准识别码

ICS47.
020.
70__U66荡羚中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T11197-2003代替GB/T11197-1989刹旨卜力几直白习二小仑山}舀.
苹去带切士用00五i付J一刀A刀口/Ltoz日已廷旦咱钊、,傅广门R-Standardformarineradiocommunicationvocabulary(IMOStandardMarineCommunicationPhrases,MOD)2003-03-12发布2003-09-01实施中华人民共和匡国家质量监督检验检疫总晨免费标准下载网(www.
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918(22)号大会决议(((IMO标准航海通信用语》.
根据GB/T1.
1-2000的编写要求,增加了第1章范围和第2章规范性引用文件.
本标准自第3章起全部中英文对照.
本标准代替GB/T11197-1989《海上船舶无线电通话标准用语》,本标准与原标准相比,增加了许多航海新技术的内容.
本标准的附录A是规范性附录.
本标准由中华人民共和国交通部提出.
本标准由交通部通信导航标准化技术委员会归口.
本标准起草单位:交通部上海船舶运输科学研究所、交通部科学研究院.
本标准主要起草人:邱民、林青、葛龙根、金胜利.
本标准于1989年首次发布.
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这对于不断增加的国际航行船舶的船员来说,是非常重要的,由于他们使用各种不同的语言所带来的通信问题会引起误解,从而导致船舶、船上人员以及环境造成危害.
1973年,在海上安全委员会第27次会议上,讨论研究了语言困难的问题,决定将英语作为航海的共同语言.
因此,编制了《标准航海英语(StandardMarineNavigationalVocabulary,SMNV))),并于1977年批准采用,于1985年进行了修订.
1992年,在海上安全委员会第60次会议上,考虑到现代航海的发展并应涵盖所有主要的与安全有关的口语通信,指示航行安全小组委员会编制更广泛的标准化的安全语言以取代1985年修订后的《标准航海英语》.
1997年,在海上安全委员会第68次会议上,批准了航行安全小组委员会编制的《标准航海通信用语(StandardMarineCommunicationPhrases,SMCP)》草案.
随后,该草案经过国际间的试用后,在航行安全小组委员会的第46次会议上进行修订,并参照收到的评议由海上安全委员会第74次会议进行了最后考虑.
《标准航海通信用语》已于2001年11月被第22届IMO大会批准,并作为A.
918(22)号大会决议.
根据《1978年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》1995年修订本(STCW78/95),对500总吨或以上船舶负责航行值班的驾驶员发证时,要求其具有理解和使用《标准航海通信用语》的能力.
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本标准适用于海上航行、停泊和作业的一切船舶、设施以及有关的港口和搜救部门等.
2规范性引用文件下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款.
凡是注日期的引用文件,其随后所有的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准,然而鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本.
凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本适用于本标准.
IMO海上用语参考手册ITU无线电规则IMO搜救手册1993年IMO国际航空及海上搜救手册1998年IMOIMDGCODE国际海上危险货物运输规则1994年IMOSTCW海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约1978年IMOSOLAS国际海上人命安全公约1974年IMOCOLREG国际海上避碰规则3总则GENERAL3.
1程序Procedure当有必要指明打算使用《IMO标准航海通信用语》时,应发出以下信文:WhenitisnecessarytoindicatethattheIMOSMCParetobeused,thefollowingmessagemaybesent:"请使用IMO标准航海通信用语.
""PleaseuseIMOStandardMarineCommunicationPhrases.
',"我将使用IMO标准航海通信用语.
""IwilluseIMOStandardMarineCommunicationPhrases.
"3.
2拼法Spelling3.
2.
1字母拼法Spellingofletters当使用对外通信拼法时,只能使用下述拼读表.
见表1、表20Whenspellingisnecessary,onlythefollowingspellingtableshouldbeused:免费标准下载网(www.
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2.
2数字拼法Spellingofdigitsandnumbers少量数字的发音与一般英语相比略有变化:AfewdigitsandnumbershaveamodifiedpronunciationcomparedtogeneralEnglish:表2一二日3.
3信文标识Messagemarkers在岸一船和船一岸通信中或一般的无线电通信中,可使用下述八个信文标识(可参见5.
1.
6"交通管理系统(VTS)标准用语"中的"信文标识应用".
Inshore-to-shipandship-to-shorecommunicationorradiocommunicationingeneral,thefollow-ingeightMessageMarkersmaybeused(alsosee"ApplicationofMessageMarkers".
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1.
6"VesselTrafficService(VTS)StandardPhrases").
a)指示Instructionb)建议Advicec)警告Warningd)信息Informatione)询问Questionf)回答Answerg)请求Requesth)意图Intention3.
4回答Responses3.
4.
1对问题的回答是肯定的,应说"是的",然后是适当的完整用语.
Whentheanswertoaquestionisintheaffirmative,say;"Yes,…"一followedbytheappropriatephraseinfull.
3.
4.
2对问题的回答是否定的,应说"不",然后是适当的完整用语.
Whentheanswertoaquestionisinthenegative,say:"No,…"一followedbytheappropriatephraseinfull.
3.
4.
3对需求的信息不能立即提供,可说:"请稍等",随后不久进行发送.
Whentheinformationrequestedisnotimmediatelyavailable,say:"Standby',一followedbythetimeintervalwithinwhichtheinformationwillbeavailable.
3.
4.
4不能得到需求的信息,可说:"没有信息".
Whentheinformationrequestedcannotbeobtained,say:"Noinformation".
3.
4.
5当由交管站、海军船舶或其他权威人士给出指示(INSTRUCTION)或建议(ADVICE)时,给予肯定的回答,则说:"我将/能.
.
…",随后是完整的指示或建议.
是否定的回答,则说:"我将不/不能.
,.
…",随后是完整的指示或建议.
WhenanINSTRUCTION(e.
g.
byaVTSStation,navalvesselorotherfullyauthorizedper-sonnel)oranADVICEisgiven,respondifintheaffirmative:"Iwill/can…"一followedbytheinstructionoradviceinfull;and,ifinthenegative,respond:"Iwillnot/cannot…"一followedbytheinstructionoradviceinfull.
例如:"建议.
不得超越你北面的船.
"Example:"ADVICE.
DonotovertakethevesselNorthofyou.
"回答:"我不会超越我北面的船.
"Respond:"IwillnotovertakethevesseltotheNorthofme.
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4.
6在对外通信和船舶内部通信中,应答命令和回答特别重要的问题时,应使用标准用语中的语句.
Responsestoordersandanswerstoquestionsofspecialimportancebothinexternalandon-boardcommunicationaregiveninwordinginthephrasesconcerned.
3.
5遇险/紧急/安全信文Distress,urgencyandsafetysignals3.
5.
1MAYDAY用于发布遇险信文.
MAYDAYtobeusedtoannounceadistressmessage.
3.
5.
2PAN-PAN用于发布紧急信文.
PAN-PANtobeusedtoannounceanurgencymessage.
3.
5.
3SECURITE用于发布安全信文.
SECURITEtobeusedtoannounceasafetymessage.
3.
6标准组织用语Standardorganizationalphrases3.
6.
1"你收听(我)的声音怎样""Howdoyouread(me)"3.
6.
1.
1"我收听你的声音…….
""Ireadyou…"很差//1信号强度为1(即极弱)bad/onewithsignalstrengthone(i.
e.
barelyperceptible)很弱//2信号强度为2(即很弱)poor/twowithsignalstrengthtwo(i.
e.
weak)还好//3信号强度为3(即还好)fair/threewithsignalstrengththree(i.
e.
fairlygood)较好//4信号强度为4(即较好)good/fourwithsignalstrengthfour(i.
e.
good)很好//5信号强度为5(即很好)excellent/fivewithsignalstrengthfive(i.
e.
verygood)3.
6.
2当建议保持在某个VHF频道/频率上时,说:"请在VHF二.
…频道/……频率上守听".
WhenitisadvisabletoremainonaVHFchannel/frequency,say:"StandbyonVHFchannel…/frequency…".
3.
6.
2.
1当同意保持在指定的VHF频道/频率上接收时,说:"在VHF二.
.
.
.
频道八二.
二频率守听".
WhenitisacceptedtoremainontheVHFchannel/frequencyindicated,say:"StandingbyonVHFchannel…/frequency…".
3.
6.
3当建议转到另一VHF频道/频率时,说:"请转到VHF.
.
.
.
.
.
频道/……频率".
"请试VHF.
,二.
.
频道/,二.
,.
频率".
WhenitisadvisabletochangetoanotherVHFchannel/frequency,say:"Advise(you)changetoVHFchannel…/frequency…".
"Advise(you)tryVHFchannel…/frequency…".
3.
6.
3.
1当同意转到某VHF频道/频率接收时,说:"转到VHF.
.
.
.
.
.
频道/.
.
.
…频率".
WhenthechangingofaVHFchannel/frequencyisaccepted,say,"ChangingtoVHFchannel…/frequency…".
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7改正Corrections当信文出现错误时,说:".
.
.
…错误",随后说:"改正.
….
.
"加上信文正确部分.
Whenamistakeismadeinamessage,say:"…mistake',一followedbytheword:"Correction…"plusthecorrectedpartofthemessage.
例如:"我现在的速度为14节,错误.
改正,我现在的速度为12节,十二节.
"Example:"Mypresentspeedis14knots-mistake.
Correction,mypresentspeedis12,one-two,knots.
"3.
8准备Readiness"我准备/还没准备好接收你的信文".
"Iam/Iamnotreadytoreceiveyourmessage".
3.
9重复Repetition3.
9.
1如果认为信文的某部分非常重要,为确保无误,可说:"重复.
.
.
.
二"随后是信文的相应部分.
Ifanypartofthemessageisconsideredsufficientlyimportanttoneedsafeguarding,say:"Repeat…"一followedbythecorrespondingpartofthemessage.
例如:"我的吃水为12.
6,重复,十二点六米.
""不得追越一重复一不得追越".
Example:"Mydraftis12.
6repeatone-twodecimal6metres.
""Donotovertake一repeat一donotovertake.
"3.
9.
2如果信息没有确切听到,说:"请再说一遍.
"Whenamessageisnotproperlyheard,say:"Sayagain(please).
"3.
10数字Numbers数字逐位读出:150应读作:"一五O"2.
5应读作:"二点五"Numbersaretobespokeninseparatedigits:"One-five-zero"for150"Twodecimalfive"or"Twopointfive"for2.
5注:注意!
当读舵角即舵令时,应按以下示例:读:15或20,等.
Note;Attention!
Whenrudderangles,e.
g.
inwheelorders,aregiven,say:"Fifteen"for15or"Twenty"for20,etc.
3.
11位置Positions免费标准下载网(www.
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11.
1在使用经、纬度时,应以度、分(如果需要,可以用分的小数)来表示,并应标出北纬或南纬;东经或西经.
Whenlatitudeandlongitudeareused,theseshallbeexpressedindegreesandminutes(anddecimalsofaminuteifnecessary),NorthorSouthoftheEquatorandEastorWestofGreen-wich.
例如:"警告.
在北纬15034',西经61029'处有危险沉船.
"Example:"WARNING.
Dangerouswreckinposition15degrees34minutesNorth061degrees29minutesWest.
"3.
11.
2当位置涉及某一标志时,该标志必须是海图上明确的物标.
方位应以由物标位置的真北算起的360"来表示.
Whenthepositionisrelatedtoamark,themarkshallbeawell-definedchartedobject.
Thebearingshallbeinthe360degreesnotationfromtruenorthandshallbethatofthepositionFROMthemark.
例如:"你的位置在BigHead灯塔1370,2.
4海里处.
"Example:"Yourpositionbearing137degreesfromBigHeadlighthousedistance2.
4nauticalmiles.
,,3.
12方位Bearings3.
12.
1方位Bearings除相对方位的情况外,物标或船的方位是用由北(指真北,除非另有说明)算起的按顺时针00至360.
来表示.
方位要么是从物标起算,要么是从船起算.
Thebearingofthemarkorvesselconcernedisthebearinginthe360degreenotationfromnorth(truenorthunlessotherwisestated),exceptinthecaseofrelativebearings.
BearingsmaybeeitherFROMthemarkorFROMthevessel.
例如:"引航船在你船的215"方位上.
"Example:"Pilotboatisbearing215degreesfromyou.
"注:船舶报告船位时,总是采用如本章3.
11.
2所述的从物标到船舶的方位.
Note;VesselsreportingtheirpositionshouldalwaysquotetheirbearingFROMthemark,asdescribedinparagraph3.
11.
2ofthissection.
3.
12.
2相对方位Relativebearings相对方位可以用相对于船首的度数表示.
比较常用的是从船首方向起算向左舷或右舷的度数.
Relativebearingscanbeexpressedindegreesrelativetothevessel'shead.
Morefrequentlythisistorelationtotheportorsterboardbow.
例如:"浮筒在你船左舷前方30".
(无线电测向的方位常用从船首方向起算按顺时针.
"至360.
表示.
)Example:"Buoy030degreesonyourportbow".
(RelativeD/Fbearingsaremorecommonlyexpressedinthe360degreenotation.
)3.
13航向Courses航向总是采用由北(指真北,除非另有说明)算起的按顺时针.
"至360"来表示.
要说明是驶往物免费标准下载网(www.
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Alwaystobeexpressedin360degreenotationfromnorth(truenorthunlessotherwisestated).
WhetherthisistoTOorFROMamarkcanbestated.
3.
14距离Distances距离用海里或链(1/10nmile)表示,所使用的单位须加以注明.
Tobeexpressedinnauticalmilesorcables(tenthsofamile),theunitalwaystobestated.
3.
巧速度Speed速度用节表示.
Tobeexpressedinknots.
3.
15.
1若无其他说明,则表示是相对于水的速度;或Withoutfurthernotation,meaningspeedthroughthewater;or3.
15.
2"对地速度",表示相对于海底的速度.
"groundspeed",meaningspeedovertheground.
3.
16时间Times时间应以协调世界时(UTC)24h来表示,如果在港口使用地方时应清楚指明.
Timesshouldbeexpressedinthe24hourUTCnotation;iflocaltimewillbeusedinportsorbarboursitshouldclearlybestated.
3.
17地理名称Geographicalnames使用的地名必须是海图或《航路指南》所使用的名称.
如果不明确,应给出其经、纬度.
PlacenamesusedshouldbethoseonthechartorinSailingDirectionsinuse.
Shouldthesenotbeunderstood,latitudeandlongitudeshouldbegiven.
3.
18多义词Ambiguouswords英语中的一些词的意思是根据其上下文而定.
特别是在VTS通信中经常发生误解,由此而造成事故.
这些词是:SomewordsinEnglishhavemeaningsdependingonthecontextinwhichtheyappear.
Misunderstandingsfrequentlyoccur,especiallyinVTScommunications,andhaveproducedaccidents.
Suchwordsare:3.
18.
1条件句"May","Might","Should',和"Could"TheConditionals"May","Might","Should"and"Could".
May不能说:"我可以进人航道吗"Donotsay:"MayIenterthefairway"应说:"询问.
允许进人航道吗"Say:"QUESTION.
DoIhavepermissiontoenterthefairway"不能说:"你可以进入航道.
"Donotsay:"Youmayenterthefairway.
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允许进人航道.
"Say.
"ANSWER.
Youhavepermissiontoenterthefairway.
"Might不能说:"我将进入航道.
"Donotsay:"Imightenterthefairway.
"应说:"意图.
我将进人航道.
"Say:"INTENTION.
Iwillenterthefairway.
"Should不能说:"你应在B3锚地抛锚.
"Donotsay:"YoushouldanchorinanchorageB3.
"应说:"建议.
在B3锚地抛锚.
"Say:"ADVICE,AnchorinanchorageB3.
"Could不能说:"你可能正驶向危险.
"Donotsay:"Youcouldberunningintodanger.
"应说:"警告.
你正驶向危险.
"Say:"WARNING.
Youarerunningintodanger.
"3.
18.
2词"Can"Theword"can""Can"既能表示做某事的可能性又能表示能力.
在(((IMO标准航海通信用语》中,无论是否涉及可能性,当使用"Can"的用语似乎使意思清晰.
然而在含糊不清的上下文中,如果要求得到许可,可如例所示:"询问.
在这个时间允许使用浅吃水航道吗"而不说:"在这个时间我可以使用浅吃水航道吗"(对"May"也是同样的用法).
Theword"Can"describeseitherthepossibilityorthecapabilityofdoingsomething.
IntheIMOSMCPthesituationswherephrasesusingtheword"Can"appearmakeitclearwhetherapossibilityisreferredto.
Inanambiguouscontext,however,say9forexample:"QUESTION.
DoIhavepermissiontousetheshallowdraftfairwayatthistime"Donotsay:"CanIusetheshallowdraftfairwayatthistime"ifyouareaskingforapermission.
(Thesameappliestotheword"May").
注:任何情况下,都必须遵守ITU《无线电规则》中的无线电话通信程序.
Note;InallcasestheradiotelephoneproceduresassetoutintheITURadioRegulationshavetobeobserved.
4术语和定义Termsandglossary本定义中包括了少数的技术词汇,虽然它们没有出现在标准航海通信用语正文中,但在需要修饰标准用语内容时可能有用.
对应船体的部分见图1~图3,TheGlossaryincludesalimitednumberoftechnicaltermswhichdonotappearinthetextoftheIMOSMCP,butmightbeusefulincasethecontentofagivenstandardphraserequiresmodification.
ThecorrespondingpartofvesselseeFigI一3.
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1一般术语Generalterms4.
1.
1弃船Abandonvessel(to)遇险之后船员和旅客撤离船舶.
Toevacuatecrewandpassengersfromavesselfollowingadistress.
4.
1.
2舷梯Accommodationladder连在船舶一侧平台上的梯子,有平踏板和扶手,使人们能够从水上或岸上上下船.
Ladderattachedtoplatformatvessel'ssidewithflatstepsandhandrailsenablingpersonstoembark/disembarkfromwaterorshore.
4.
1.
3漂移Adrift在海流、潮流或风力的影响下不受控制地在海上移动.
Uncontrolledmovementatseaundertheinfluenceofcurrent,tideorwind.
4.
1.
4水上高度Airdraft从船舶的水线到其最高点的高度.
Theheightfromthewaterlinetothehighestpointofthevessel.
4.
1.
5集合点Assemblystation当发出相应的警报或作出宣布后,船员和旅客必须按照应变集合部署表集中到指定的甲板上、餐厅里等地点.
Placeondeck,inmessrooms,etc.
,assignedtocrewandpassengerswheretheyhavetomeetaccordingtothemusterlistwhenthecorrespondingalarmisreleasedorannouncementmade.
4.
1.
6风向逆转Backing(ofwind)风向按逆时针方向而变化,例如:从北到西(风向顺转的反义词).
Shiftofwinddirectioninananticlockwisemanner,forexamplefromnorthtowest(oppositeofveering).
4.
1.
7抢滩Beach(to)驾驶船舶驶上浅滩,以防止沉人深水中.
Torunavesseluponabeachtopreventitssinkingindeepwater.
4.
1.
8泊位Bertha)在船舶、礁石、平台等周围为安全而保留的水域等;b)为船舶锚泊或靠泊码头等而指定的地点.
a)Asearoomtobekeptforsafetyaroundavessel,rock,platform,etc.
b)Theplaceassignedtoavesselwhenanchoredorlyingalongsideapier,etc.
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1.
9号笛声Blast船舶发出的声号.
Awhistlesignalmadebythevessel.
4.
1.
10雷达盲区Blindsectors船舶雷达由于受上层建筑、桅杆等部分的遮蔽而扫描不到的区域.
Anareawhichcannotbescannedbytheship'sradarbecauseitisshieldedbypartsofthesuper-structure,masts,etc.
4.
1.
11登轮设施Boardingarrangements像引航员梯、舷梯、升降机等为安全接送引航员所必需的所有设备.
Allequipment,suchaspilotladder,accmmodationladder,hoist,etc.
,necessaryforasafetransferofthepilot.
4.
1.
12登轮速度Boardingspeed为使引航员安全登/离船而调整船舶速度与引航艇相一致的速度.
Thespeedofavesseladjustedtothatorapilotboatatwhichthepilotcansafelyembark/disembark.
4.
1.
13平舱机Bob-cat在散货船舱内用于使散货均匀分布的带有推板的小型履带机.
Amini-caterpillarwithpush-bladeusedforthecarefuldistributionofloosegoodsincargoholdsofbulkcarriers.
4.
1.
14简介Briefing对船员和/或旅客发布的简明的解释信息.
Conciseexplanatoryinformationtocrewand/orpassengers.
4.
1.
15链Cablea)连接船舶和锚的锚链;b)泊船时最初使用的缆或绳;c)(度量时)一百拓或十分之一海里.
a)Chainconnectingavesseltotheanchor(s).
b)Wireorropeprimarilyusedformooringaship.
c)(Measurement)onehundredfathomsoronetenthofanauticalmile.
4.
1.
16倾覆Capsize翻倒.
Toturnover.
4.
1.
17方位浮标Cardinalbuoy免费标准下载网(www.
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Aseamark,i.
e.
abuoy,indicatingthenorth,east,southorwest,i.
e.
thecardinalpointsfromafixedpointsuchasawreck,shallowwater,banks,etc.
4.
1.
18基点(罗经点)Cardinalpoints罗经的四个主点:东、西、南和北.
Thefourmainpointsofthecompass:north,east,southandwest.
4.
1.
19伤亡Casualty这里:在事故中或船舶灾难中,造成人员死亡的情况.
Here:caseofdeathinanaccidentorshippingdisaster.
4.
1.
20检查,抑制Check(to)a)查实设备等处于良好状态或一切均正常和安全.
b)当链、绳或缆松出过快时调节其速度.
a)Tomakesurethatequipmentetc.
isinproperconditionorthateverythingiscorrectandsafe.
b)Toregulatemotionofacable,ropeorwirewhenitisrunningouttoofast.
4.
1.
21紧藕拖带Close-coupledtowing船舶通过极冰的拖带方法,使被拖船的船首与破冰船的特殊尾槽相接.
Amethodoftowingvesselsthroughpolaricebymeansoficebreakingtugswithaspecialsternnotchsuitedtoreceiveandholdthebowofthevesseltobetowed.
4.
1.
22接近Closeup(to)通过增加自己的船速减少与前面船的距离.
Todecreasethedistancetothevesselaheadbyincreasingone'sownspeed.
4.
1.
23(货物)兼容性Compatibility(ofgoods)不同的货物能否安全存放在同一个舱内或毗邻的舱内的性质.
Indicateswhetherdifferentgoodscanbesafelystowedtogetherinonecargospaceorinanadja-centhold.
4.
1.
24限于吃水的船舶Vesselconstrainedbyherdraft由于船舶吃水与可航水域的水深和宽度的关系,使其偏离航向的能力严重地受到限制的船舶.
Avesselseverelyrestrictedbyherdraftinherabilitytodeviatefromthecoursefollowedinrela-tiontotheavailabledepthandwidthofnavigablewater.
4.
1.
25编队航行Convoy两艘或两艘以上的船舶编排在一起航行,例如通过运河或冰区的船队.
Agroupofvesselswhichsailtogether,e.
g.
throughacanalorice.
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1.
26航向Course船舶对水中运动的预定方向.
Theintendeddirectionofmovementofavesselthroughthewater.
4.
1.
27推算航迹向Coursemadegood在考虑了洋流、潮流的影响以及风、浪产生的偏航,船舶相对地面的推算航向.
Thatcoursewhichavesselmakesgoodoverground,afterallowingfortheeffectofcurrents,tidalstreams,andleewaycausedbywindandsea.
4.
1.
28原油洗舱CrudeOilWashing(COW)当卸原油时使用货油清洗油舱的系统.
Asystemofcleaningthecargotanksbywashingthemwiththecargoofcrudeoilduringdischarge.
4.
1.
29最近会遇点/最近会遇时间CPA/TCPA观测者所设定会遇时两船最近距离/抵达最近距离所需时间的界限,当被跟踪物标进人该界限时会发出警告.
ClosestPointofApproach/TimetoClosestPointofApproachlimitasdefinedbytheobservertogivewarningwhenatrackedtargettotargetswillclosetowithintheselimits.
4.
1.
30紧急制动Crash-stop用主机紧急倒车避免碰撞.
Anemergencyreversaloperationofthemainengine(s)toavoidacollision.
4.
1.
31破损控制队Damagecontrolteam船舶上经过堵漏抢险训练的船员小组.
Agroupofcrewmemberstrainedforfightingfloodinginthevessel.
4.
1.
32基准(面,点)Datuma)在给定时间被搜寻物标的最或然位置;b)作为海图上所有水深数据参照的基面.
a)Themostprobablepositionofasearchtargetatagiventime.
b)Theplaneofreferencetowhichalldataastothedepthonchartsarereferenced.
4.
1.
33遗弃船Derelict在海上被抛弃的尚在漂浮的船舶.
Vesselstillafloat,abandonedatsea.
4.
1.
34目的港Destination船舶驶往的港口.
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4.
1.
35丧失航行能力Disabled船舶遭受损坏或损害以致不能继续航行.
Avesseldamagedorimpairedinsuchamannerastobeincapableofproceedingonitsvoyage.
4.
1.
36离船Disembark(to)离开船舶.
Togofromavessel.
4.
1.
37遇险警报Distressalert(GMDSS)从遇难船自动向海上救助协调中心(MRCC)发出无线电信号,报告船舶的位置、标识、航向和速度,以及遇险的性质.
AradiosignalfromadistressedvesselautomaticallydirectedtoanMRCCgivingposition,identi-fication,courseandspeedofthevesselaswellasthenatureofdistress.
4.
1.
38遇险/紧急通信Distress/Urgencytraffic这里:在ITU无线电规则有关规定进行船对岸和/或船对船/飞机的遇险/紧急情况的无线电口语信息交流.
Here:theverbalexchangeofinformationonradiofromshiptoshoreand/orshiptoship/aircraftaboutadistress/urgencysituationasdefinedintherelevantITURadioRegulations.
4.
1.
39吃水Draugth(ordraft)船舶浸人水中的深度.
Depthinwateratwhichavesselfloats.
4.
1.
40走锚Dragging(ofanchor)由于锚非自主地在海底移动而不再能制止船舶的运动.
Movingofananchorovertheseabottominvoluntarilybecauseitisnolongerpreventingthemovementofthevessel.
4.
1.
41拖锚Dredging(ofanchor)有意在海底拖锚移动,以控制船舶的运动.
Movingofananchorovertheseabottomtocontrolthemovementofthevessel.
4.
1.
42漂航Drifting由于风、潮流和海流引起的漂移状态.
Beingdrivenalongbythewind,tideorcurrent.
4.
1.
43增距Dropback(to)免费标准下载网(www.
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Toincreasethedistancefromthevesselaheadbyreducingone'sownspeed.
4.
1.
44数字选择性呼叫DSC(GMDSS系统中的)数字选择性呼叫.
DigitalSelectiveCalling(intheGMDSSsystem).
4.
1.
45登船Embark(to)登上船舶.
Togoaboardavessel.
4.
1.
46应急示位标EPIRB无线电应急示位标.
EmergencyPositionIndicatingRadioBeacon.
4.
1.
47紧急通道Escaperoute船上清楚标示出的用于紧急情况的通路.
Aclearlymarkedwayinthevesselwhichhastobefollowedincaseofanemergency.
4.
1.
48护航Escort在有需要时由破冰船、拖轮等,伴随某一船舶.
Attendingavesseltobeavailableincaseofneed,e.
g.
ice-breaker,tug,etc.
4.
1.
49预计到达时间ETA预计船舶到达的时间.
EstimatedTimeofArrival.
4.
1.
50预计开航时间ETD预计船舶离开的时间.
EstimatedTimeofDeparture.
4.
1.
51拓,英寻Fathom6英尺的度量单位.
Ameasureof6feet.
4.
1.
52消防巡逻Firepatrol值班船员每隔一定时间对全船进行巡逻,以便及时发现火灾;载客超过36人的船舶需强制执行.
Amemberofthewatchgoingaroundthevesselatcertainintervalssothatanoutbreakoffiremaybepromptlydetected;mandatoryinvesselscarryingmorethan36passengers.
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1.
53进水Flooding海水不受控制地大量流人船舶.
Majoruncontrolledflowofseawaterintothevessel.
4.
1.
54泡沫消防炮Foammonitor用于向油舱甲板、总管等处喷射灭水剂的固定式泡沫/干粉/水消防炮.
Fixedfoam/powder/watercannonshootingfire-extinguishingagentsontankdeck,manifoldetc.
4.
1.
55缠锚Foul(ofanchor)锚被自身锚链或被某一障碍物缠绕.
Anchorhasitsowncabletwistedarounditorhasfouledanobstruction.
4.
1.
56缠螺旋桨Foul(ofpropeller)缆绳、钢缆、网等缠绕到螺旋桨上.
Aline,wire,net,etc.
,iswoundroundthepropeller.
4.
1.
57全速Fullspeed船舶可能达到的最高速度.
Highestpossiblespeedofavessel.
4.
1.
58烟(气)Fumes由火、化学品和燃油等产生的、通常是有害的气体.
Oftenharmfulgasproducedbyfires,chemicals,fuel,etc.
4.
1.
59全船紧急警报Generalemergencyalarm船舶声号系统发出的七短一长的声号.
Asoundsignalofsevenshortblastsandoneprolongedblastgivenwiththevessel'ssoundsystem.
4.
1.
60让路Giveway为他船让路.
Tokeepoutofthewayofanothervessel.
4.
1.
61全球海上遇险安全系统GMDSS全球海上遇险安全系统.
GlobalMaritimeDistressandSafetySystem.
4.
1.
62(差分)全球定位系统(D)GPS免费标准下载网(www.
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(Differential)Global(satellite)PositioningSystem.
4.
1.
63隅点Halfcardinalpoints等分基点的四个主点:东北、东南、西南和西北.
Thefourmainpointslyingbetweenthecardinalpoints:northeast,southeast,southwestandnorthwest.
4.
1.
64操纵能力受限制的Hamperedvessel由于其工作性质而使操纵能力受到限制的船.
Avesselrestrictedbyherabilitytomanoeuvrebythenatureofherwork.
4.
1.
65舱口围栏Hatchrails为防止人员坠人开敞着的货舱而在其四周设置用支柱支撑的绳索.
Ropessupportedbystanchionsaroundanopenhatchtopreventpersonsfromfallingintoahold.
4.
1.
66舷向Heading瞬间测得的船首水平方向,从真北按顺时针用度数表示.
Thehorizontaldirectionofthevessel'sbowsatagivenmomentmeasuredindegreesclockwisefromnorth.
4.
1.
67吊索Hoist这里:在直升机进行起吊作业时用于吊起或降下人员的绳索.
Here:acableusedbyhelicoptersforliftingorloweringpersonsinapick-upoperation.
4.
1.
68结冰Icing物体譬如桅杆或上层建筑上被冰覆盖.
Coatingoficeonanobject,e.
g.
themastorsuperstructureofavessel.
4.
1.
69IMO危险品类别IMOClass海上运输的危险货物、有害物质或污染物质按照《国际海上危险货物运输规则》(IMDGCode)进行的分类.
Groupofdangerousorhazardousgoods,harmfulsubstancesormarinepollutantsinseatransportasclassifiedintheInternationalMaritimeDangerousGoodsCode(IMDGCode).
4.
1.
70惰化Inert(to)用惰性气体减少油舱内的氧气含量,以避免发生爆炸.
Toreducetheoxygeninatankbyinertgastoavoidanexplosiveatmosphere.
4.
1.
71初始航向Initialcourse免费标准下载网(www.
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CoursedirectedbytheOSCorotherauthorizedpersontobesteeredatthebeginningofasearch.
4.
1.
72不起作用Inoperative没有起作用.
Notfunctioning.
4.
1.
73抛弃货物Jettison(to)(ofcargo)在紧急情况下为减轻船重或提高稳性将船上货物抛弃.
Tothrowgoodsoverboardinordertolightenthevesselorimproveitsstabilityincaseofanemergency.
4.
1.
74放艇Launch(to)放下,譬如将救生艇放人水中.
Tolower,e.
g.
lifeboatstothewater.
4.
1.
75泄漏Leaking像水、油等液体从管道、锅炉、油水舱里渗漏出或由于船壳损坏而造成少量的海水流人船舶.
Escapeofliquidssuchaswater,oil,etc.
,outofpipes,boilers,tanks,etc.
,oraminorinflowofsea-waterintothevesselduetodamagetothehull.
4.
1.
76下风Leeward在或向船舶遮蔽的一侧;与上风相反.
Onortowardstheshelteredsideofaship;oppositeofwindward.
4.
1.
77偏航Leeway船舶向其预期航向下风侧运动.
Vessel'ssidewaysdriftleewardofthedesiredcourse.
4.
1.
78解掉、抛下Letgo(to)(将锚、缆绳等)解掉、松开或抛下.
Tosetfree,letloose,orcastoff(ofanchors,lines,etc.
).
4.
1.
79救生艇站Lifeboatstation船员和旅客在登上救生艇前集合的指定地点.
Placeassignedtocrewandpassengerstomusterbeforebeingorderedintothelifeboats.
4.
1.
80横倾List这里:船舶向左舷或右舷倾斜.
Here:inclinationofthevesseltoportsideorstarboardside.
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1.
81据测Located在航行警告中:物标位置已被确认.
Innavigationalwarnings:Positionofobjectconfirmed.
4.
1.
82进水Makewater(to)船舶由于船壳损坏或舱口受海浪冲击及没有关好而造成海水进人.
Tohaveseawaterflowingintothevesselduetohulldamage,orhatchesawashandnotproperlyclosed.
4.
1.
83水上移动装置识别码MMSI海上移动装置识别号码.
MaritimeMobileServiceIdentitynumber.
4.
1.
84停泊Moor(to)船舶利用钢丝绳或缆绳系岸、锚泊、系浮筒或抛双锚,停泊在某一地点.
Tosecureavesselinaparticularplacebymeansofwiresorropesmadefasttotheshore,toanchors,ortoanchoredmooringbuoys,ortoridewithbothanchorsdown.
4.
1.
85海上救协调中心MaritimeRescueCo-ordinationCentre(MRCC)在某一搜救区域内负责推进有效的海上搜救组织工作和协调指挥搜救行动的陆上管理当局.
Land-basedauthorityresponsibleforpromotingefficientorganizationofmaritimesearchandres-cueandforco-ordinatingtheconductofsearchandrescueoperationswithinasearchandrescueregion.
4.
1.
86集合Muster(to)为了检查而集中船员、旅客或两者于某一指定地点.
Toassemblecrew,passengersorbothinaspecialplaceforpurposesofchecking.
4.
1.
87应变部署表Musterlist列明在遇险或演习中船员、旅客和其他在船人员名单和职责的表.
Listofcrew,passengersandothersonboardandtheirfunctionsinadistressordrill.
4.
1.
88失控Notundercommand(NUC)在异常状况下的船舶不能根据国际海上避碰规则(InternationalRegulationsforPreventingColli-sionsatsea,COLREGs)的要求进行操纵.
AvesselwhichthroughexceptionalcircumstancesisunabletomanoeuvreasrequiredbytheCOLREGs.
4.
1.
89碍航物Obstruction免费标准下载网(www.
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Anobjectsuchasawreck,net,etc.
,whichblocksafairway,route,etc.
.
4.
1.
90停播Offair无线电台等发生故障、关闭或暂停发射.
Whenthetransmissionsofaradiostationetc.
,havebrokendown,beenswitchedofforsuspen-ded.
4.
1.
91(浮标)移位Offstation(ofbuoys)不在海图标示的位置上.
Notinchartedposition.
4.
1.
92清除油污Oilclearance将水面上的油污进行清除的作业.
Oilskimmingfromthesurfaceofthewater.
4.
1.
93可操作的、可用的Operational已准备就绪马上可以使用.
Readyforimmediateuse.
4.
1.
94军事演习Ordnanceexercise海军的射击演习.
Navalfiringpractice.
4.
1.
95现场协调人On-SceneCo-ordinator(OSC)在指定区域内被指定为协调搜救作业的协调人.
Apersondesingedtoco-ordinatesearchandrescueoperationswithinaspecifiedarea.
4.
1.
96溢出Overflow因热膨胀、船舶纵倾变化或船舶运动双重作用而造成舱内油或液体的外溢.
Escapeofoilorliquidfromatankbecauseofatwofoldconditionasaresultofoverflowing,thermalexpansion,changeinvesseltrimorvesselmovement.
4.
1.
97污染船Polluter向空气中散发的有害物质或向海洋中溢出油的船舶.
Avesselemittingharmfulsubstancesintotheairorspillingoilintothesea.
4.
1.
98止动索Preventers为防止货物装卸时吊杆摆动而系结在吊杆上的绳或钢索.
Ropesorwiresattachedtoderrickstopreventthemfromswingingduringcargohandling免费标准下载网(www.
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4.
1.
99驶向Proceed(to)向或朝着一确定位置航行或继续其航程.
Tosailorheadforacertainpositionortocontinuewiththevoyage.
4.
1.
100公共广播系统(PA-system)Publicaddresssystem通过安装在船舶舱室、餐厅等处及甲板上的扬声器由广播中心,通常设在驾驶台,发布重要信息的系统.
Loudspeakersinthevessel'scabins,messrooms,etc.
,andondeckthroughwhichimportantin-formationcanbebroadcastfromacentralpoint,mostlyfromthenavigationbridge.
4.
1.
101救起Recover(to)这里:救回失事船舶人员.
Here:topickupshipwreckedpersons.
4.
1.
102脱浅、再起浮Refloat(to)使船舶在搁浅后脱浅;重新浮起.
Topullavesseloffaftergrounding;tosetafloatagain.
4.
1.
103会合Rendezvous船舶之间通常使用无线电相约在确定的区域或位置交会.
Anappointmentbetweenvesselsnormallymadeonradiotomeetinacertainareaorposition.
4.
1.
104据报Reported在航行警告中:物标位置未被确认.
Innavigationalwarnings;positionofobjectunconfirmed.
4.
1.
105受限制区域Restrictedarea出于安全原因只有经允许的船员才可进人的船舶甲板、舱室或区域等.
Adeck,space,area,etc.
,invesselswhere,forsafetyreasons,entryisonlypermittedforauthor-izedcrewmembers.
4.
1.
106恢复Resume(to)这里:重新开始航行、工作或搜寻.
Here:tore-startavoyage,serviceorsearch.
4.
1.
107回撤信号Retreatsignal为了让小组返回基地而发出的声音、视觉或其他信号.
Sound,visualorothersignaltoateamorderingittoreturntoitsbase.
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1.
108钻井架移动Rigmove钻井架、钻井平台等从一个位置移动到另一位置.
Themovementofanoilrig,drillingplatform,etc.
,fromonepositiontoanother.
4.
1.
109点名Rollcall在现场譬如在集合地点通过大声朗读名单检查旅客和船员实到人数与姓名的行动.
Theactofcheckinghowmanythepassengersandcrewmembersarepresent,e.
g.
atassemblystations,byreadingaloudalistortheirnames.
4.
1.
110安全航速Safespeed使船舶获得最大可能时间采取行动进行避碰并在合适的距离内停下的速度.
Thatspeedofavesselallowingtimeforeffectiveactiontobetakenunderprevailingcircum-stancesandconditionstoavoidacollisionandtobestoppedwithinanappropriatedistance.
4.
1.
111安全负荷Safeworkingload(SWL)起吊设备的最大允许工作负荷.
Maximumworkingloadofliftingequipmentthatshouldnotbeexceeded.
4.
1.
112安全工作压力Safeworkingpressure输送货物软管内的最大允许压力.
Themaximumpermissiblepressureincargohoses.
4.
1.
113搜救SearchandRescue(SAR)搜寻与救助.
SearchandRescue.
4.
1.
114搜救应答器SearchandRescueTransponder(SART)搜救时使用的无线电应答器.
SearchandRescueTransponder.
4.
1.
115现场Scene事件譬如事故发生的地点或区域.
Theareaorlocationwheretheevent,e.
g.
anaccidenthashappened.
4.
1.
116搜寻方式Searchpattern船舶和/或飞机进行协调搜寻的预定方式((IMO搜救手册提供7种搜寻方式).
Apatternaccordingtowhichvesselsand/oraircraftmayconductaco-ordinatedsearch(theIMO-SARofferssevensearchpatterns).
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1.
117搜寻速度Searchspeed由OSC(现场协调人)向搜寻船舶指示的速度.
ThespeedofsearchingvesselsdirectedbytheOSC.
4.
1.
118海上标志Seamark作为航标或警告性标志而设置的助航设施.
Anavigationalaidplacedtoactasabeacon,orwarning.
4.
1.
119(货物)隔票Segregation(ofgoods)由于各种原因而必须使货物分隔,不得积载在一起.
Separationofgoodswhichfordifferentreasonsmustnotbestowedtogether.
4.
1.
120卸扣Shacklea)15拓的锚链长度;b)用于连接的带有销子的U形环.
a)Lengthofchaincablemeasuring15fathoms;b)U-shapedlinkclosedwithapinusedforconnectingpurposes.
4.
1.
121货物移动Shiftingcargo由于横摇或严重横倾引起的货物特别是散装货的横向移动.
Transversemovementofcargo,especiallybulkcargo,causedbyrollingoraheavylist.
4.
1.
122吊具Slings用于装卸杂货的绳索、网兜或其他工具.
Ropes,nets,andanyothermeansforhandlinggeneralcargoes.
4.
1.
123移动速度Speedofadvance风暴中心的移动速度.
Thespeedatwhichastormcentremoves.
4.
1.
124溢油Spill油等意外地从船舶、容器等溢人海中.
Theaccidentalescapeofoil,etc.
,fromavessel,container,etc.
,intothesea.
4.
1.
125溢出控制器Spillcontrolgear为了处置油或化学品意外溢出的防污染设备.
Anti-pollutionequipmentforcombatingaccidentalspillsofoilsorchemicals.
4.
1.
126加长梯板Elongatedspreader免费标准下载网(www.
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Here:stepofapilotladderwhichpreventstheladderfromtwisting.
4.
1.
127准备Standby(to)准备就绪或准备执行命令.
Tobeinreadinessorpreparedtoexecuteanorder;tobereadilyavailable.
4.
1.
128避开Standclear(to)这里:使小船离开大船.
Here:tokeepaboatawayfromthevessel.
4.
1.
129常规命令Standingorders船长给值班驾驶员并让他们必须遵从的命令.
OrdersoftheMastertotheofficerofthewatchwhichhe/shemustcomplywith.
4.
1.
130直航Standon(to)保持航向和速度.
Tomaintaincourseandspeed.
4.
1.
131站;岗位Station指定的地点或船上每位人员的职责.
Theallottedplaceorthedutiesofeachpersononboard,4.
1.
132扫舱Stripping最后泵出油舱残渣的作业.
Finalpumpingoftank'sresidues.
4.
1.
133幸存者Survivor不幸遇到非常危险的情况譬如船舶灾难仍然活着的人员.
Apersonwhocontinuestoliveinspiteofbeinginanextremelydangeroussituation,e.
g.
ashippingdisaster.
4.
1.
134起飞Takeoff(to)(直升机)从船舶甲板上升空.
Toliftofffromavessel'sdeck(helicopter).
4.
1.
135目标Target在雷达荧光屏上由船舶等产生的回波.
Theechogenerated,e.
g.
byavessel,onaradarscreen.
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1.
136自动调节绞缆机Tensionwinch用于对系泊缆绳施加拉力使其保持拉紧的绞缆机.
Awinchwhichappliestensiontomooringlinestokeepthemtight.
4.
1.
137标准箱TwentyFootEquivalentUnit(TEU)20英尺(标准集装箱尺寸)集装箱.
TwentyFootEquivalentUnit(standardcontainerdimension).
4.
1.
138航迹Track已经走过的,或者将走过的两个位置之间的轨迹.
Thepathfollowed,ortobefollowed,betweenonepositionandanother.
4.
1.
139通过Transit这里:船舶通过运河、航道等.
Here:thepassageofavesselthroughacanal,fairway,etc.
.
4.
1.
140通过速度Transitspeed船舶通过运河、航道等所要求的速度.
Speedofavesselrequiredforpassagethroughacanal,fairway9etc.
.
4.
1.
141(货物)转运Transhipment(ofcargo)这里:在港外将货物从一艘船转运到另外一艘船.
Here:thetransferofgoodsfromonevesseltoanotheroutsideharbours.
4.
1.
142在航Underway船舶未抛锚,或未系缆靠岸,或未搁浅.
Describesavesselwhichisnotatanchor,ormadefasttotheshore,oraground.
4.
1.
143联杆作业Unionpurchase使用两根吊杆的货物装卸法,一根吊杆固定在货舱上方,另一根伸出舷外.
Amethodofcargohandlingbycombiningtwoderricks,oneofwhichisfixedoverthehatch,theotherovertheship'sside.
4.
1.
144熄灭Unlit灯浮或灯塔不发光.
Whenthelightofabuoyoralighthouseareinoperative.
4.
1.
145协调世界时UniversalTimeCo-ordinated(UTC)协调世界时.
UniversalTimeCo-ordinated.
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1.
146不定风Variable(ofwinds)风速和风向一直在变换.
Awindthatisconstantlychangingspeedanddirection.
4.
1.
147风向顺转Veering(ofwinds)风向按顺时针方向而变化;是风向逆转的反义词.
Clockwisechangeinthedirectionofthewind;oppositeofbacking.
4.
1.
148(锚)松出Veerout(to)(ofanchors)抛出更长的锚链.
Toletoutagreaterlengthofcable.
4.
1.
149甚高频VHF甚高频(30MHz-300MHz)无线电波.
VeryHighFrequency(30MHz-300MHz).
4.
1.
150备锚Walkout(to)(ofanchors)用锚机将锚倒出锚链筒,做好抛锚准备.
Toreversetheactionofawindlasstolowertheanchoruntilitisclearofthehawsepipeandreadyfordropping.
4.
1.
151倒出锚链Walkback(to)(ofanchors)用锚机倒出锚链.
Toreversetheactionofawindlasstoeasethecable(ofanchors).
4.
1.
152航路点Waypoint船舶根据航行计划必须通过或转向的地点.
Apositionavesselhastopassoratwhichshehastoaltercourseaccordingtohervoyageplan.
4.
1.
153上风Windward风吹来的大体风向;即与下风相反的方向.
Thegeneraldirectionfromwhichthewindblows;oppositeofleeward.
4.
1.
154沉船Wreck在海上被毁坏、沉没或被遗弃的船.
Avesselwhichhasbeendestroyed,sunkorabandonedatsea.
4.
2船舶交通管理系统专用术语VTSspecialterms免费标准下载网(www.
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2.
1航道Fairway水道的可航部分.
Navigablepartofawaterway.
4.
2.
2航道速度Fairwayspeed航道中强制规定的航速.
Mandatoryspeedinafairway.
4.
2.
3沿岸通航带InshoreTrafficZone(ITZ)通航分道制中向陆地一侧的边界线与相邻海岸间的供航行的指定水域.
AroutingmeasurecomprisingadesignatedareabetweenthelandwardboundaryofaTSSandtheadjacentcoast.
4.
2.
4操纵速度Manoeuvringspeed在短时间内可能需用主机的情况下船舶降了的速度.
Avessel'sreducedspeedincircumstanceswhereitmayberequiredtousetheenginesatshortnotice.
4.
2.
5受理点Receivingpoint某一标志或地点,抵达该处的船舶必须办理进人、通过或护送手续.
Amarkorplaceatwhichavesselcomesunderobligatoryentry,transit,orescortprocedure.
4.
2.
6基线,参考线Referenceline在VTS中心雷达荧光屏上和/或电子海图上显示的虚线,用以分隔进口和出口船舶的航道,以便让进出口船舶相互安全通过.
AlinedisplayedontheradarscreensinVTSCentresand/orelectronicsea-chartsseparatingthefairwayforinboundandoutboundvesselssothattheycansafelypasseachother.
4.
2.
7报告点Reportingpoint某一标志或地点,要求抵达该处的船舶向当地VTS站报告以确认其位置.
AmarkorpositionatwhichavesselisrequiredtoreporttothelocalVTSStationtoestablishitspositron.
4.
2.
8分隔带/线Separationzone/line将对遇的或接近对遇的船舶分隔航行的带或线;或分隔通航分道与沿岸通航航道的带或线;或将同向的特殊级别的船舶分隔航行的带或线.
Azoneorlineseparatingthetrafficlanesinwhichvesselsareproceedinginoppositeornearlyop-positedirections;orseparatingatrafficlanefromtheadjacentseaarea;orseparatingtrafficlanesdesignatedforparticularclassesofvesselsproceedinginthesamedirection.
4.
2.
9通航许可Trafficclearance免费标准下载网(www.
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VTSauthorizationforavesseltoproceedunderconditionsspecified.
4.
2.
10通航分道Trafficlane只限单程通航的规定界线内的水域.
Anareawithindefinedlimitsinwhichone-waytrafficisestablished.
4.
2.
11分道通航制TrafficSeparationScheme(TSS)用适当的措施或规定划分通航分道,以分隔相反的通航船流的一种定线方法.
Aroutingmeasureaimedattheseparationofopposingstreamsoftrafficbyappropriatemeansandbytheestablishmentoftrafficlanes.
4.
2.
12船舶交通管理系统Vesseltrafficservice(VTS)为提高船舶交通的安全性、效率和保护环境而设计的服务系统.
Servicesdesignedtoimprovesafetyandefficiencyofvesseltrafficandtoprotecttheenvironment.
4.
2.
13交管区VTSarea由交管中心或交管站管辖的区域.
AreacontrolledbyaVTSCentreorVTSStation.
5IMO标准航海通信用语:A部分IMOSTANDARDMARINECOMMUNICATIONPHRASES,PARTAA部分包括修订后的《1978年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》表A-U/1所要求的船一岸、岸一船及船一船的对外通信用语,以及修订后的《1974年国际海上人命安全公约》第V章第14(4)条款所要求的引航员与驾驶台人员之间的船上交流用语.
PartAcoversphrasesapplicableinexternalcommunicationsfromshiptoshore,shoretoshipandshiptoshipasrequiredbySTOW1978,asrevised,TableAA/1,aswellasphrasesapplicableonboardvesselsinconversationsbetweenPilotsandbridgeteamsasrequiredbyRegulation14(4)ofChapterVofSOLAS1974,asrevised.
5.
1对外通信用语EXTERNALCOMMUNICATIONPHRASES注意:采用对外通信标准用语并不免除执行ITU《无线电规则》中有关无线电话的程序.
Attention:TheuseofStandardPhrasesinvessel'sexternalcommunicationdoesnotinanywayexceptfromapplicationoftheradiotelephoneproceduresassetoutintheITURadioRegulations.
对外通信用语的标准GMDSS信文见附录AaStandardGMDSSMessagesofExternalCommunicationPhrasesseeAppendixA.
}遇险联络Distresstraffic遇险通信控制台/其他台可使用下述语言强制任何干扰台保持无线电静默:"静默Mayday/遇险通信",除非后者有遇险信文播发.
Thedistresstrafficcontrollingstation/otherstationsmayimposeradiosilenceonanyinterfering免费标准下载网(www.
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unlessthelatterhavemessagesaboutthedistress.
5.
1.
1.
1遇险通信Distresscommunications注:如果船位不包含在DSC遇险警报内,遇险通信总是从3.
11和3.
12陈述的遇险船位置开始的.
Note:Adistresstraffichasalwaystocommencewithstatingthepositionofthevesselindistressasspecifiedin3.
11and3.
12ifitisnotincludedintheDSCdistressalert.
5.
1.
1.
1.
1火灾,爆炸Fire,explosion5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1我/……轮(在爆炸之后)失火.
Iam/MV…onfire(-afterexplosion).
5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
2哪里失火Whereisthefire5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
1甲板机舱货舱上层建筑/生活区/二,…失火.
Fireis~ondeck.
~toengine-room.
~inhold(s).
~insuperstructure/accommodation/.
.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
3危险货物是否失火Aredangerousgoodsonfire是的,危险货物失火.
Yes,dangerousgoodsareonfire.
不,危险货物没有失火.
No,dangerousgoodsarenotonfire.
5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
4是否有爆炸危险Istheredangerofexplosion是的,有爆炸危险.
Yes,dangerofexplosion.
没有爆炸危险.
Nodangerofexplosion.
5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
5我/.
….
.
轮失控.
Iam/MV…notundercommand.
5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
6火势是否得到控制Isthefireundercontrol是的,火势已得到控制.
Yes,fireisundercontrol.
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No,fireisnotundercontrol.
5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
7你需要什么帮助Whatkindofassistanceisrequired我/……轮不需要帮助.
Idonot/MV.
.
.
doesnotrequireassistance.
我/.
.
…,轮需要消防援助.
氧气面罩—烟雾有毒.
泡沫灭火器/二氧化碳灭火器.
消防泵.
医疗援助八.
,.
.
.
.
Irequire/MV…requires~firefightingassistance.
一breatingapparatus-smokeistoxic.
~foamextinguishers/CO,extinguishers.
~firepumps.
~medicalassistance/.
.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
1.
1.
8报告人员受伤情况.
Reportinjuredpersons.
没有人员受伤.
Nopersoninjured.
受伤/伤亡人数为…….
Numberofinjuredpersons/casualties:.
…5.
1.
1.
1.
2进水Flooding5.
1.
1.
1.
2.
1我/……轮水线下/机舱/船舱正在进水.
Iam/MV…isfloodingbelowwaterline/intheengineroom/inthehold(s).
5.
1.
1.
1.
2.
2我/……轮不能控制进水.
I/MV…cannotcontrolflooding.
5.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3你需要什么帮助Whatkindofassistanceisrequired我/……轮需要水泵/潜水员/…….
Irequire/MV…requirespumps/divers/_.
我将送出水泵/派出潜水员/…….
Iwillsendpumps/divers/.
.
.
,我不能送出水泵/派出潜水员/…….
Icannotsendpumps/divers/.
.
.
.
.
二5.
1.
1.
1.
2.
4我/二.
…轮有危险的左/右倾.
Ihave/MV…hasdangerouslisttoport/starboardside.
5.
1.
1.
1.
2.
5我/……轮处在危急状况中.
Iam/MV.
.
,incriticalcondition.
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1.
1.
1.
2.
6进水得到控制.
Floodingisundercontrol.
5.
1.
1.
1.
2.
7没有帮助我/……轮能继续航行.
I/MV…canproceedwithoutassistance.
5.
1.
1.
1.
2.
8我/.
.
….
轮需要护航/拖轮协助/…….
Irequire/MV…requiresescort八ugassistance/.
.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
1.
3磁植Collision5.
1.
1.
1.
3.
1我/……轮与….
二轮与不明船舶/物体与.
.
.
…(名称)灯船与,.
.
…(海图所标名称)海上标志与冰山八二.
二发生碰撞.
Ihave/MV…hascollided~withMV.
二,~withunknownvessel/object/.
.
.
.
一with二.
(name)lightvessel.
~withseamark…(chartedname).
一withiceberg/.
.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
1.
3.
2报告损坏情况.
Reportdamage.
我/.
.
….
轮在水线以上/下有损坏.
Ihave/MV…hasdamageabove/belowwaterline.
我/….
二轮失控.
Iana/MV…notundercommand.
我/.
.
….
轮不能确定损坏.
I/MV二,cannotestablishdamage.
我/……轮不能修理损坏.
I/MV.
,.
cannotrepairdamage.
我/….
二轮只能低速航进.
I/MV.
.
.
canonlyproceedatslowspeed.
5.
1.
1.
1.
3.
3需要什么帮助Whatkindofassistanceisrequired我/轮需要护航/拖轮协助/二,.
二.
Irequire/MV.
.
.
requiresescort八ugassistance/.
.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
1.
4搁浅Grounding5.
1.
1.
1.
4.
1我/.
…轮搁浅.
Iam/MV…aground.
5.
1.
1.
1.
4.
2我八.
.
…轮需要拖轮协助/水泵八.
.
….
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.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
1.
4.
3你的船哪部分搁浅Whatpartofyourvesselisaground船首/船中/船尾/全船搁浅.
Agroundforward/amidships/aft/fulllength.
5.
1.
1.
1.
4.
4警告.
海图上未标明的礁石位置在.
….
.
.
Warning.
Unchartedrocksinposition.
…5.
1.
1.
1.
4.
5低潮时有搁浅危险.
Riskofgroundingatlowwater.
5.
1.
1.
1.
4.
6我八.
.
.
.
.
轮将抛弃货物脱浅.
L/MV…willjettisoncargotorefloat.
警告!
不能抛弃IMO危险品货物!
Warning!
DonotjettisonIMO-Classcargo!
5.
1.
1.
1.
4.
7你/.
.
.
…轮预计何时可以脱浅Whendoyou/doesMV…expecttorefloat我八.
.
…轮预计在二,…UTC在涨潮时在天气好转时在吃水减少时在拖轮协助下/,.
.
…脱浅.
Iexpect/MV…expectstorefloat~at…UTC.
~whentiderises.
~whenweatherimproves.
~whendraftdecreases.
一withtugassistance八…5.
1.
1.
1.
4.
8你八.
.
…轮能抢滩吗Canyou/canMV…beach我八.
.
…轮能/将在……处抢滩.
I/MV…can/willbeachinposition.
.
二我/……轮不能抢滩.
I/MV…cannotbeach.
5.
1.
1.
1.
5横倾一倾理的危险List-dangerofcapsizing5.
1.
1.
1.
5.
1我八.
.
…轮有危险的左/右倾.
1have/MV…hasdangerouslisttoport/starboard.
5.
1.
1.
1.
5.
2我八.
.
…轮将转移货物/燃料抛弃货物去制止横倾.
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~jettisoncargotostoplisting.
5.
1.
1.
1.
5.
3我/.
.
.
…轮有倾覆的危险(一横倾加剧).
Iam/MV…isindangerofcapsizing(一listincreasing).
5.
1.
1.
1.
6下沉Sinking5.
1.
1.
1.
6.
1碰撞/搁浅/进水/爆炸/……之后我/….
二轮正在下沉.
Iam/MV…issinkingaftercollision/grounding/flooding/explosion/.
.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
1.
6.
2我/……轮需要帮助.
Irequire/MV…requiresassistance.
5.
1.
1.
1.
6.
3我/……轮正前来帮助你.
Iam/MV…isproceedingtoyourassistance.
5.
1.
1.
1.
6.
4预计在.
.
.
…小时内/在….
.
.
UTC时到达事故地点.
ETAatdistresspositionwithin…hours/at.
二UTC.
5.
1.
1.
1.
7丧失航行能力和漂流Disabledandadrift5.
1.
1.
1.
7.
1我八.
.
…轮失控.
在漂流.
正以……节速度向……(方位点)漂流.
正向危险漂流.
Iam/MV…is~notundercommand.
~adrift.
~driftingat…knotsto…(cardinalpoints).
~driftingintodanger.
5.
1.
1.
1.
7.
2我/二.
.
,,轮需要拖轮援助.
Irequire/MV…requirestugassistance.
5.
1.
1.
1.
8武装袭击/海盗Armedattack/piracy5.
1.
1.
1.
8.
1我/.
.
,.
.
.
轮被海盗袭击.
Iam/MV…isunderattackbypirates.
我/……轮已被海盗袭击.
I/MV二.
wasunderattackbypirates.
5.
1.
1.
1.
8.
2我/二.
…轮需要帮助.
Irequire/MV…requiresassistance.
5.
1.
1.
1.
8.
3需要什么帮助Whatkindofassistanceisrequired我/.
.
.
…轮需要医疗援助.
导航援助.
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拖轮援助.
护航/…….
Irequire/MV…requires~medicalassistance.
~navigationalassistance.
~militaryassistance.
~tugassistance.
~escort八,二5.
1.
1.
1.
8.
4报告损坏情况.
Reportdamage.
我八.
.
…轮没有损坏.
航海仪器八.
.
…有损坏.
Ihave/MV…has~nodamage.
~damagetonavigationalequipment/.
.
.
.
我/……轮失控.
Iam/MV.
.
.
isnotundercommand.
5.
1.
1.
1.
8.
5你八.
.
…轮还能继续航行吗Canyou/canMV,二proceed是的,我八.
.
…轮能继续航行.
Yes,I/MV二.
canproceed.
不,我/……轮不能继续航行.
No,I/MV二.
cannotproceed.
5.
1.
1.
1.
9其他遇险Undesignateddistress5.
1.
1.
1.
9.
1我八.
.
…轮的货物/机器/航行八.
.
…有问题.
Ihave/MV.
.
.
hasproblemswithcargo/engine(s)/navigation/.
.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
1.
9.
2我八.
…,轮需要…….
Irequire/MV…requires.
…5.
1.
1.
1.
10弃船Abandoningvessel在爆炸/碰撞/搁浅/进水/被海盗抢劫/被武装袭击/.
…,,之后我/……轮的船员必须弃船.
I/crewofMV,.
.
mustabandonvesselafterexplosion/collision/grounding/flooding/piracy/armedattack/.
.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
1.
11人员落水Personoverboard5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
1我/……轮有人落水,位置在…….
Ihave/MV…haslostperson(s)overboardinposition.
…5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
2在……位置附近协助搜寻.
Assistwithsearchinvicinityofposition.
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1.
1.
1.
11.
3在……位置附近的所有船舶保持严密晾望并向.
.
….
报告.
Allvesselsinvicinityofposition…keepsharplookoutandreportto二,.
5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
4我/……轮正前往救助.
ETA为…UTC/在……小时内.
Iam/MV…isproceedingforassistance.
ETAat二,UTC/within…hours.
5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
5在……位置附近进行搜寻.
Searchinvicinityofposition.
…我/……轮正在……位置附近进行搜寻.
Iam/MV…issearchinginvicinityofposition….
5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
6飞机将在….
.
.
UTC/.
.
.
…小时内抵达协助搜寻.
AircraftETAat…UTC/within…hourstoassistinsearch.
5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
7你能继续搜寻吗Canyoucontinuesearch是的,我能继续搜寻.
Yes,Icancontinuesearch.
不,我不能继续搜寻.
No,Icannotcontinuesearch.
5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
8停止搜寻.
Stopsearch.
返回…….
Returnto.
…你轮继续航行.
Proceedwithyourvoyage.
5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
9搜寻结果如何Whatistheresultofsearch搜寻没有结果.
Theresultofsearchisnegative.
5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
10我八.
.
…轮在……位置找到/救捞起落水人员.
I/MV…located/pickedupperson(s)inposition.
,二5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
11救捞起的人员是……轮的船员/人员/旅客.
Personpickedupiscrew/member/passengerofMV.
…5.
1.
1.
1.
11.
12落水人员的情况怎样Whatisconditionofperson(s)落水人员的情况不好/良好.
Conditionofperson(s)bad/good.
落水人员已死亡.
Person(s)dead.
5.
1.
1.
2搜寻和救助通信SearchandRescuecommunications5.
1.
1.
2.
1搜救通信(详述或补充5.
1.
1)SARcommunications(,specifyingorsupplementaryto5.
1.
1)5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
1我八.
.
…轮需要帮助.
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5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
2我八二,,.
轮正前来帮助你.
Iam/MV…isproceedingtoyourassistance.
5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
3你的船舶识别码是什么WhatisyourMMSInumber我的船舶识别码是….
.
.
.
MyMMSInumberis……5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
4你的位置在哪里Whatisyourposition我的位置在…….
Myposition.
…5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
5你现在的航向和速度是多少Whatisyourpresentcourseandspeed我现在的航向……度,速度.
,二.
.
节.
Mypresentcourse…degrees,myspeed…knots.
5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
6报告船上人数.
Reportnumberofpersonsonboard.
船上有……人.
Numberofpersonsonboard:.
…5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
7报告受伤人员.
Reportinjuredpersons.
没有人员受伤.
Nopersoninjured.
受伤/伤亡人数为…….
Numberofinuredpersons/casualties:.
…5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
8你是否将弃船Willyouabandonvessel我不会弃船.
Iwillnotabandonvessel.
我将在……UTC弃船.
Iwillabandonvesselat…UTC.
5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
9你的EPIRB/SART正在发射吗IsyourEPIRB/SARTtransmitting是的,我的EPIRB/SART正在发射.
Yes,myEPIRB/SARTistransmitting.
是的,我的EPIRB/SART正在误发射.
Yes,myEPIRB/SARTistransmittingbymistake.
5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
10你发过DSC遇险警报吗DidyoutransmitaDSCdistressalert是的,我发过DSC警报.
Yes,ItransmittedaDSCalert.
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Yes,ItransmittedaDSCalertbymistake.
5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
11你将放下多少救生艇/筏(载有多少人员)Howmanylifeboats/liferafts(withhowmanypersons)willyoulaunch我将放下……救生艇/筏(载有……人员).
Iwilllaunch.
.
.
lifeboats/liferafts(with…persons).
5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
12多少人将留在船上Howmanypersonswillstayonboard没有人将留在船上.
Nopersonwillstayonboard.
……人将留在船上.
…personswillstayonboad.
5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
13你处的天气情况怎样Whatistheweathersituationinyourposition风向二.
.
二(罗经点),蒲氏风力.
.
.
…级.
Wind…(Cardinalpoints)forceBeaufort.
…能见度好/中等/差.
Visibilitygood/moderate/poor.
小/中/大/狂浪/轻/中/狂涌.
.
.
…(罗经点).
Smooth/moderate/rough/highsea/slight/moderate/heavyswell,,.
(cardinalpoints).
流……节,流向……(罗经点).
Current…knots,to…(cardinalpoints).
5.
1.
1.
2.
1.
14有航行危险吗Aretheredangerstonavigation没有航行危险.
Nodangerstonavigation.
警告!
有海图上未标明的礁石/冰/异常低潮/水雷/…….
Warning!
Unchartedrocks/ice/abnormallylowtides/mines/二.
.
5.
1.
1.
2.
2搜救信文的确认和/或转发Acknowledgementand/orrelayofSARmessages5.
1.
1.
2.
2.
1于……UTC在VHF.
.
.
…频道八.
.
…频率收到……轮的MAYDAY,ReceivedMAYDAYfromMV…atUTConVHFChannel…/frequency.
.
.
.
5.
1.
1.
2.
2.
2位于……的船舶发生火灾.
发生爆炸.
进水.
(与……)发生碰撞.
横倾/倾覆的危险.
下沉.
丧失航行能力正在漂流.
弃船/…….
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一hadexplosion.
~flooded.
~incollision(with…).
~listing/indangerofcapsizing.
~sinking.
~disabledandadrift.
一abandoned八…5.
1.
1.
2.
2.
3船舶需要援助.
Vesselrequiresassistance.
5.
1.
1.
2.
2.
4收到你的MAYDAY.
ReceivedyourMAYDAY.
我的位置在…….
Myposition.
…我八.
.
…轮将前来援助你.
I/MV…willproceedtoyourassistance.
预计在……小时内/在….
.
.
UTC时到达事故地点.
ETAatdistresspositionwithin…hours/at二.
UTC.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3执行/协调SAR行动Performin留co-ordinatingSARoperations下列问题和建议是由现场指挥(OSC)提出或提供.
进一步的信息可查阅1998年版的《国际航空及海上搜救手册》(IAMSAR),伦敦/蒙特利尔.
ThequestionsarenormallyaskedandadvicegivenbytheOn-sceneCo-ordinator(OSC).
ForfurtherinformationseeIAMSARManual,London/Montreal,1998.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
1我将作为现场指挥.
IwillactasOn-sceneCo-ordinator.
我将显示下述信号/灯号:…….
Iwillshowfollowingsignals/lights:二,.
,5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
2你能驶往遇险位置吗Canyouproceedtodistressposition是的,我能驶往遇险位置.
Yes,Icanproceedtodistressposition.
不,我不能驶往遇险位置.
No,Icannotproceedtodistressposition.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
3你何时能抵达遇险位置WhatisyourETAatdistressposition我将在……小时内八.
.
.
.
.
UTC抵达遇险位置.
MyETAatdistresspositionwithin…hours/at…UTC.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4MAYDAY的位置不正确.
MAYDAYpositionisnotcorrect.
正确的MAYDAY位置是…,二.
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…5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
5通知各船舶前往二.
…开始救助.
Vesselsareadvisedtoproceedtoposition…tostartrescue.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
6于,.
.
.
.
.
UTC开始,正执行.
二.
二搜寻方式.
Carryoutsearchpattern…startingat.
.
.
UTC.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
7初始航向,.
.
…度,搜寻速度.
.
.
…节.
Initialcourse…degrees,searchspeed二.
knots.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
8执行雷达搜寻.
Carryoutradarsearch.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
9….
,.
轮被分配在.
,,…号路径.
MV…allocatedtracknumber.
.
二5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
10.
….
.
轮调整船舶之间的间距为.
.
.
.
二千米/海里.
MV/MVs……adjustintervalbetweenvesselsto…kilometres/nauticalmiles.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
11调整跟踪路径的间隔到.
.
.
…千米/海里.
Adjusttrackspacingto…kilometres/nauticalmiles.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
12现在的搜寻速度为.
.
二,.
节.
Searchspeednow…knots.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
13(在….
.
.
UTC)改向到……度.
现在/在.
.
.
.
.
.
UTC改向到下一段跟踪路径.
Altercourse~to…degrees(-at…UTC).
~fornextlegoftracknow/at…UTC.
5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
14我们在二.
…位置继续搜寻.
Weresumesearchinposition.
…5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
15船员已弃船/放弃……轮.
Crewhasabandonedvessel/MV.
…5.
1.
1.
2.
3.
16严密瞪望救生艇/筏/落水人员/.
.
.
….
Keepsharplookoutforlifeboats/liferafts/personsinwater/.
.
二.
5.
1.
1.
2.
4完成SAR行动FinishingwithSARoperations5.
1.
1.
2.
4.
1搜寻结果怎样Whatistheresultofsearch搜寻没有结果.
Theresultofsearchisnegative.
5.
1.
1.
2.
4.
2发现目标船位置在.
.
二,.
.
救生艇/筏,位置在…….
落水人员/….
.
.
位置在.
.
.
….
Sighted一vesselinposition.
…~lifeboats/liferaatsinposition.
…~personsinwater/.
.
.
inposition.
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