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HeGaveUsProphetsStudyGuideSTUDYGUIDECONTENTSOutline3Notes4ReviewQuestions19ApplicationQuestions24HowtousethislessonandstudyguideBeforeyouwatchthelessonPreparation—Completeanyrecommendedreadings.
Schedulebreaks—Reviewtheoutlineandthetimecodestodeterminewheretobeginandendyourviewingsession.
IIIMlessonsaredenselypackedwithinformation,soyoumaywanttoschedulebreaks.
Breaksshouldbescheduledatmajordivisionsintheoutline.
WhileyouarewatchingthelessonNotes—UsetheNotessectiontofollowthelessonandtotakeadditionalnotes.
Manyofthemainideasarealreadysummarizedinthenotes,butmakesuretosupplementthesewithyourownnotes.
Youshouldalsoaddsupportingdetailsthatwillhelpyoutoremember,describe,anddefendthemainideas.
Pause/replayportionsofthelesson—Youmayfindithelpfultopauseorreplaythevideoatcertainpointsinordertowriteadditionalnotes,reviewdifficultconcepts,ordiscusspointsofinterest.
AfteryouwatchthelessonReviewQuestions—Questionsonthebasiccontentofthelesson.
Answerreviewquestionsinthespaceprovided.
Reviewquestionsshouldbecompletedindividuallyratherthaninagroup.
ApplicationQuestions—QuestionsrelatingthecontentofthelessontoChristianliving,theology,andministry.
Applicationquestionsareappropriateforwrittenassignmentsorastopicsforgroupdiscussions.
Forwrittenassignments,itisrecommendedthatanswersnotexceedonepageinlength.
OutlineIntroduction(0:26)DivineSovereignty(1:26)God'sImmutability(2:46)God'sCharacter(3:20)CovenantPromises(3:53)EternalCounsel(4:45)God'sProvidence(7:22)Predictions&Contingencies(10:38)GeneralPatterns(11:25)Observation(11:59)Explanation(12:50)Elaboration(13:34)SpecificExamples(15:39)PredictionofShemaiah(16:05)PredictionofJonah(18:33)CertaintyofPredictions(21:02)ConditionalPredictions(23:33)UnqualifiedPredictions(24:35)ConfirmedPredictions(26:31)Words(27:06)Signs(28:39)SwornPredictions(30:05)GoalsofPredictions(34:46)PopularPerspectives(35:07)CorrectPerspectives(38:48)"WhoKnows"Reaction(39:28)TwofoldReaction(42:30)Conclusion(43:54)NotesI.
IntroductionII.
DivineSovereigntyTheBible'sdoctrineofthesovereigntyofGodprovidesanessentialbackgroundforunderstandingthepredictionsofthefuture.
A.
God'sImmutabilityThedoctrineofimmutabilityteachesthatGodisunchanging.
1.
God'sCharacterGod'scharacterdoesnotchange.
Heisalwaysloving,just,knowingallthings,allpowerful,presenteverywhere.
God'sattributesnevervarywithtime.
2.
CovenantPromisesWhenGodmakesacovenantoath,itremainsvalidforeveranditwillneverbebroken.
3.
EternalCounselGodhasanunchangeableplanthatgovernsallofhistory.
TheprophetsunderstoodthatGodwouldalwaysbetruetohischaracter.
Hewouldalwayskeephisfirmcovenantpromises.
God'scounselandHiscontroloverallthingswouldneverfail.
B.
God'sProvidenceProvidence:God'sactiveinvolvementinhistoryasheworksouthiseternalplanfortheuniverse.
Godworksouthisplanbyinteractingwithhiscreationindifferentways.
Heinteractswithsecondcauses,orcreaturelycausesinatleastthreedifferentways.
Necessarily—thingstakeplaceaccordingtotheregularlawsofnature,likethelawofgravity.
Freely—thingsappearrandomfromahumanpointofview.
Contingently—Godcontrolsthedirectionofhistorybyinteractingwiththecontingenciesofhumanchoice.
III.
Predictions&ContingenciesSometimesGodworksouthiseternalplanthroughthecontingenciesofhumanchoice.
A.
GeneralPatternsJeremiah18:1-10Jeremiah'sobservationtheLord'sexplanationtheLord'selaboration1.
ObservationThepotterworkedwiththelumpofclay,shapingitasseemedbesttohim.
2.
ExplanationGodreservedtherighttodowithhispeopleasseemedbesttohim,justlikethepotterwouldwithhisclay.
3.
ElaborationGodappliedthisanalogyofthepotterandtheclaytopropheticpredictions.
ThehistoricalcontingencyofhumanchoicecouldmakeabigdifferenceinthewayGodfulfilledaprophecyofjudgment.
Godisfreetoreacttothewayhumanbeingsrespondedtothreatsofjudgmentandoffersofblessing.
B.
SpecificExamples1.
PredictionofShemaiahProphecy:GodwouldabandonShishak.
Forpeopleunfamiliarwiththeministriesoftheprophets,itsoundsasifShemaiahrevealedaneternal,unchangeabledecreeofGod.
RehoboamandtheleadersofJudahhopedthesewordswerejustawarningfromGod—whatGodwasgoingtodoiftheydidnotrepent.
Shemaiahwarnedofjudgmenttocome:notsothathecouldcondemnpeopletoeverlastingperditionbutsothatpeoplewouldhearthiswarning,repentandthenreceivethegraceofGod2.
PredictionofJonahProphecy:Ninevehwouldbeoverturnedin40days.
Aninterveninghistoricalcontingencyofrepentancetookplacebeforetheprophecycouldbefulfilled.
Thecontingencyofhumanchoiceinfluencedthewaysprophecieswerefulfilled.
IV.
CertaintyofPredictionsVariationsinOldTestamentpredictions:covenantblessingsandjudgmentsgreaterandlesserjudgmentsandblessingslevelofGod'sdeterminationtocarrythroughwithjudgmentsandblessingsWhentheprophetsspeakofGodhavingveryhighorlowlevelsofdeterminationtocarryoutaprophecy,theyarespeakingofhiminveryhumanterms.
A.
ConditionalPredictionsExplicitconditionsintheformof"ifthen"statementsappearmanytimesintheOldTestamentprophets.
Thedirectionthathistorywouldtakewouldbedeterminedbythekindsofchoicespeoplemade.
B.
UnqualifiedPredictionsSimplestatementsaboutthefuturewithnoexplicitconditions.
Higherlevelsofhumanresponsecouldturneventsindifferentdirections.
Covenantblessingsalsoappearintheformofunqualifiedpredictions.
C.
ConfirmedPredictionsOldTestamentprophetscommunicatedGod'shigherdeterminationbyshowingthatGodconfirmedcertainpredictions.
1.
WordsTheprophetsusedwordstoconfirmGod'sdetermination.
2.
SignsPropheticsignsandsymbolicactionsmadeitclearthatGodhadveryhighlevelsofdetermination.
Whenasignaccompaniedaprophecy,itshowedthatGodwasverydeterminedtocarryoutwhattheprophethadpredicted.
D.
SwornPredictionsOftenprophetssimplyannouncedthatGodhadsworntodosomething.
WhenGodaddsanoathtoapropheticpredictionitraisesthatpredictiontothelevelofacovenantalcertainty.
Eveninswornpredictions,thereislatitudeforGodtoreacttointerveninghistoricalcontingencies.
Timingcanbeinfluencedbythereactionsofpeople.
Whowillexperiencethepredictionoftenremainsflexible.
Themeansbywhichapredictionwilltakeplaceisoftenunspecified.
Towhatdegreeapredictionwillbefulfilledremainsanopenquestion.
Prayersandrepentance,rebellionanddefiance,couldmaketremendousdifferencesinthefulfillmentofpredictions.
OathofjudgmentinAmos6:8OathofblessinginIsaiah62:8V.
GoalsofPredictionsA.
PopularPerspectives"Prognostication"—predominantviewofthepurposeofpredictionsintheOldTestament.
ManyChristiansbelievethatprophetssimplyforetoldthefuture;theygaveforeknowledgeofthingstocome.
Deuteronomy18:20-22Misconception:IfatrueprophetoftheLordsaysanything,thenthatthingmusthappenjustashesaidit.
Corrective:Asknotjust,"Whatdidtheprophetsayexplicitly"butalso,"Whatimplicitconditionsapply"B.
CorrectPerspectivesProphetsspokeofafutureprimarilytomotivateortoactivatetheirlisteners.
TheprophetsdidnotprimarilywanttoinformtheirlistenersaboutthefutureTheyprimarilywantedtoactivatetheirlistenerstoformthefuture.
1.
"WhoKnows"ReactionThis"WhoKnows"reactiontookplaceinthreesituations.
2Samuel12:14NathanconfrontedDavidoverhisadulterywithBathsheba.
David'sresponse:"Whoknows"Jonah3:4,9JonahtoldthecityofNinevehthatjudgmentwascoming.
King'sresponse:"Whoknows"Joel2:1-11JoelannouncedthataterriblejudgmentwascomingagainstJerusalem.
Joel'sencouragement:"Whoknows"OldTestamentbelieversdidnotthinkthatpropheticpredictionssealedtheirfates.
Interveninghistoricalcontingencies—especiallyprayer—couldaffectthewaysthatprophecieswerefulfilled.
2.
TwofoldReactionJudgments:Toensurethatathreatenedjudgmentwouldtakeplace,ignorethewarningandremaininrebellionagainstGod.
RepentanceandtrustinYahwehwastheonlyhopeforavoidingthejudgmentofGod.
Blessings:FlagrantrebellionagainstGodmightremovethepredictedblessingandreplaceitwithjudgmentContinuedfaithfullivingwouldbringthepromisedblessingforsure.
Thegoalofpropheticpredictionswasnotprimarilytoprognosticate,buttoactivatethepeopleofGodintheserviceoftheLord.
VI.
ConclusionReviewQuestions1.
WhatdowemeanwhenwesaythatGodimmutable2.
WhatdowemeanwhenwesaythatGodgovernscreationthroughprovidence3.
HowareGod'simmutabilityandprovidencecompatibleexpressionsofGod'ssovereignty4.
Howarepredictionsaffectedbyhistoricalcontingencies5.
WhatdotheexamplesofShemaiahandJonahimplyabouttherelationshipbetweenpredictionsandhistoricalcontingencies6.
DescribethefourstrategiespropheciesusetocommunicateGod'slevelofdeterminationtofulfillpredictions.
7.
WhatarethemistakenpopularperspectivesonthepurposeofOldTestamentpredictions8.
Whatisthesignificanceofthe"whoknows"reaction9.
WhatreactionsdidOldTestamentprophetshopetoinspireintheiroriginalaudiencesApplicationQuestions1.
HowcanyourunderstandingofGod'simmutabilitysustainyouduringdifficulttimes2.
HowdoesitmakeyoufeelthatyourchoicesandreactionstoGodaffectthedirectionofhistory3.
Knowingthatprayercanaffectthewayprophecyisfulfilled,whatnewkindsofprayersmightChristiansbemotivatedtopray4.
Howmighta"whoknows"attitudeaffectyourprayerlife5.
Thisstudyhasshownthattheprophetswantedtoactivatetheirlistenerstoformthefuture.
HowshouldthisaffectthewayChristiansuseOldTestamentpropheticbooks6.
HowdoestheideathatprophecyisfundamentallyconditionalmakeyoufeelDoesitreassureyouDoesitfrightenyou7.
Doestheconditionalityofprophecychallengeanythingelseyoubelieve8.
WhatisthemostsignificantinsightyouhavelearnedfromthisstudyWhy